Association of IGF1R polymorphisms with the development of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Common susceptibility variants of KDR and IGF-1R are associated with poststroke depression in the Chinese population

Background

Depression, one of the most frequent complications after stroke, increases the disease's burden and physical disability. Poststroke depression (PSD) is a multifactorial disease with genetic, environmental and biological factors involved in its occurrence. Genetic studies on PSD to date have mainly focused on the monoamine system and brain-derived neurotrophic factors. However, understanding is still limited about the influence of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of other neurotrophic factors on PSD.

Aims

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between seven vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family gene variants that occur with PSD.

Methods

A multicentre candidate gene study from five hospitals in Jiangsu Province from June 2013 to December 2014 involved 121 patients with PSD and 131 patients with non-PSD. Demographic characteristics and neuropsychological assessments were collected. The χ² test was used to evaluate categorical variables, while the independent t-test was applied to continuous variables. SNPs in seven genes (VEGFA, VEGFB, KDR, FLT-1, IGF-1, IGF-1R and PlGF) were genotyped. Single-marker association for PSD was analysed by χ² tests and logistic regression using SPSS and PLINK software.

Results

Patients with PSD included more women and those with lower education levels, lower body mass indexes, lower Mini-Mental State Examination scores, and higher scores on the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale than non-PSD patients. Ninety-two SNPs with seven genes were genotyped and passed quality control. The rs7692791 CC genotypes, the C allele of KDR and the rs9282715 T allele of IGF-1R increased the risk for PSD (χ²=7.881, p=0.019; χ²=4.259, p=0.039; χ²=4.222, p=0.040, respectively). In addition, the SNP rs7692791 of KDR was significantly associated with PSD by the logistic regression of an additive model (p=0.015, OR=9.584, 95% CI: 1.549 to 59.31).

Conclusions

Patients with rs7692791 C allele carriers or the CC genotype of KDR and the rs9282715 T allele of IGF-1R may have PSD susceptibility. Findings such as these may help clinicians to identify the high-risk population for PSD earlier and, thus, enable them to provide more timely interventions.

Trial registration number

ChiCTR-OCH-13003133.

Gene expression profile after knockdown of USP18 in Hepg2.2.15 cells

In our previous work, we found that the expression of ubiquitin-specific protease 18 (USP18), also known as UBP43, is associated with the efficiency of interferon alpha (IFN-α) treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). To elucidate the influence of USP18 on hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication and the mechanism of this activity, we silenced USP18 by introducing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) into Hepg2.2.15 cells. To identify the changed genes and pathways in Hepg2.2.15-shRNA-USP18 cells, we performed a microarray gene expression analysis to compare the Hepg2.2.15 stably expressing USP18-shRNA cells versus control cells using the Affymetrix Human Transcriptome Array (HTA) 2.0 microarrays. Microarray analysis indicated that genes involved in regulation of thyroid hormone signaling pathway, complement, and coagulation cascades, PERK-mediated unfolded protein response, and insulin-like growth factor-activated receptor activity were significantly altered after USP18 knockdown for 72 h. Furthermore, genes involved in hepatocyte proliferation, liver fibrosis, such as cell cycle regulatory gene CCND1, were also altered after USP18 knockdown in Hepg2.2.15 cells. In conclusion, USP18 is critical for regulating the replication of HBV in Hepg2.2.15 cells, which suggest that USP18 may be a candidate target for HBV treatment.