Resolution ofAcremonium kiliensesubcutaneous abscess in a renal allograft recipient without antifungal therapy

Subcutaneous pseudomycetoma of the knee caused by Acremonium species in a diabetic male: A case report

A subcutaneous infection in the form of pseudomycetoma is rare. Acremonium species are rarely considered to be pathogenic in subcutaneous infections due to their ubiquitous nature. We report a case of subcutaneous pseudomycetoma over the dorsolateral aspect of the left knee caused by Acremonium species in a 55-year-old diabetic male who was treated successfully with oral itraconazole.

Sarocladium and Acremonium infections: New faces of an old opportunistic fungus

The genera Acremonium and Sarocladium comprise a high diversity of morphologically and genetically related fungi generally found in the environment, although a few species, mainly Sarocladium kiliense and Acremonium egyptiacum, can also be involved in many human infections. Clinical management of opportunistic infections caused by these fungi is very complex, since their correct identification is unreliable, and they generally show poor antifungal response. More than 300 clinical cases involving a broad range of Acremonium/Sarocladium infections have so far been published, and with this review we aim to compile and provide a detailed overview of the current knowledge on Acremonium/Sarocladium human infections in terms of presentation, diagnosis, treatments and prognoses. We also aim to summarise and discuss the data currently available on their antifungal susceptibility, emphasising the promising results obtained with voriconazole as well as their impact in terms of animal infections.

Emerging fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients: Guidelines of the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice

These updated AST-IDCOP guidelines review the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of emerging fungi after organ transplantation. Infections due to numerous generally innocuous fungi are increasingly recognized in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, comprising about 7%-10% of fungal infections in this setting. Such infections are collectively referred to as emerging fungal infections and include Mucormycetes, Fusarium, Scedosporium, and dematiaceous fungi among others. The causative organisms are diverse in their pathophysiology, uncommon in the clinical setting, have evolving nomenclature, and are often resistant to multiple commonly used antifungal agents. In recent years significant advances have been made in understanding of the epidemiology of these emerging fungal infections, with improved diagnosis and expanded treatment options. Still, treatment guidelines are generally informed by and limited to experience from cohorts of patients with hematological malignancies and/or solid and stem cell transplants. While multicenter randomized controlled trials are not feasible for these uncommon infections in SOT recipients, collaborative prospective studies can be valuable in providing information on the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, treatment strategies, and outcomes associated with the more commonly encountered infections.