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Iwamuro M, Urata H, Tanaka T, Okada H. Application of electron microscopy in gastroenterology. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2022; 13:41-49. [PMID: 35433095 PMCID: PMC8976235 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v13.i2.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Electron microscopy has long been used in research in the fields of life sciences and materials sciences. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyses have also been performed in the field of gastroenterology. Electron microscopy and EDX enable (1) Observation of ultrastructural differences in esophageal epithelial cells in patients with gastroesophageal reflux and eosinophilic esophagitis; (2) Detection of lanthanum deposition in the stomach and duodenum; (3) Ultrastructural and elemental analyses of enteroliths and bezoars; (4) Detection and characterization of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract; (5) Diagnosis of gastrointestinal tumors with neuroendocrine differentiation; and (6) Analysis of gold nanoparticles potentially used in endoscopic photodynamic therapy. This review aims to foster a better understanding of electron microscopy applications by reviewing relevant clinical studies, basic research findings, and the state of current research carried out in gastroenterology science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Iwamuro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Haruo Urata
- Central Research Laboratory, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takehiro Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Nasim A, Dodani SK, Badlani S, Babar ZU, Shakil S, Mubarak M, Luck N, Aziz T. Whipple's disease in renal transplant recipients: Management experience of seven cases from Pakistan. Transpl Infect Dis 2021; 24:e13769. [PMID: 34837443 DOI: 10.1111/tid.13769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Whipple's disease (WD) is a rare multi-systemic disorder caused by actinomycetes, Tropheryma whipplei. It presents with weight loss, arthralgia, and diarrhea and may involve the heart, lung, or central nervous system. The use of immunosuppressive medications or underlying immunodeficiency states are associated risk factors. Six cases in transplant recipients have so far been reported worldwide. We describe our experience of WD in renal transplant recipients. METHODS All renal transplant recipients who presented with diarrhea and were diagnosed with WD on duodenal biopsy from 2016 till 2019 were included. Their data regarding duration since transplantation, immunosuppressive therapy, symptoms, treatment response, and outcome were analyzed. RESULTS Seven cases were diagnosed as WD based on duodenal biopsy, with histological findings of periodic acid Schiff-positive granules in macrophages. All were males. The most common symptoms were chronic diarrhea and weight loss. Average time since transplantation was 4.8 years. All patients were on azathioprine and everolimus. Clinical relapse or adverse effects was seen in five of seven patients treated with doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine which was discontinued. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for 1 year, with initial intravenous ceftriaxone in two patients, resulted in complete remission in all patients at a follow-up period averaging 1.5 years. CONCLUSION WDs in renal transplant recipients most commonly presents as an intestinal disorder. Treatment of 1 year with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole has good response with complete remission at 1.5 years of follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Nasim
- Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Chand Bibi Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sunil Kumar Dodani
- Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Chand Bibi Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sanjay Badlani
- Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Chand Bibi Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Udin Babar
- Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Chand Bibi Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shaheera Shakil
- Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Chand Bibi Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Mubarak
- Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Chand Bibi Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Luck
- Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Chand Bibi Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Aziz
- Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Chand Bibi Road, Karachi, Pakistan
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Chavarot N, Parize P, Podglajen I, Sberro-Soussan R, Burger C, Amrouche L, Martinez F, Legendre C, Zuber J, Scemla A, Giura G, Bruneval P, Anglicheau D. The Case | Cardiac tamponade in a kidney transplant recipient with chronic inflammation. Kidney Int 2021; 100:487-488. [PMID: 34294215 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Chavarot
- Service de néphrologie et transplantation rénale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Perrine Parize
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Podglajen
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Service de microbiologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Rebecca Sberro-Soussan
- Service de néphrologie et transplantation rénale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Carole Burger
- Service de néphrologie et transplantation rénale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lucile Amrouche
- Service de néphrologie et transplantation rénale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Frank Martinez
- Service de néphrologie et transplantation rénale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Legendre
- Service de néphrologie et transplantation rénale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Julien Zuber
- Service de néphrologie et transplantation rénale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Anne Scemla
- Service de néphrologie et transplantation rénale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Geltrude Giura
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Service de cardiologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Bruneval
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Service d'anatomie pathologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Dany Anglicheau
- Service de néphrologie et transplantation rénale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Prudent E, Raoult D. Fluorescence in situ hybridization, a complementary molecular tool for the clinical diagnosis of infectious diseases by intracellular and fastidious bacteria. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2018; 43:88-107. [DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuy040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Prudent
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 19–21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 19–21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
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