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Matubatuba R, Strydom N, Lunanga NB, Martin JD. Factors influencing consumers' intention to donate blood: A South African perspective. Health Mark Q 2024; 41:71-94. [PMID: 38019606 DOI: 10.1080/07359683.2023.2287319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the factors influencing consumer intention to donate blood in an emerging market setting. A quantitative research design was followed that entailed the collection of data from 308 non-donor respondents, using a self-administered online questionnaire. The conceptual model and hypotheses were analysed statistically, using SPSS to conduct reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that awareness of consequences, ascription of responsibility, and personal norms had a positive and significant influence on consumers' intention to donate blood. Ascription of responsibility was the largest influencer of personal norms towards blood donation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Relebohiseng Matubatuba
- Department of Marketing Management, School of Consumer Intelligence and Information Systems, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nadine Strydom
- Department of Marketing Management, School of Consumer Intelligence and Information Systems, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - N Benedicte Lunanga
- Department of Marketing Management, School of Consumer Intelligence and Information Systems, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jesse D Martin
- Department of Marketing Management, School of Consumer Intelligence and Information Systems, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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2
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Fogarty H, McSweeney E, Hervig T. Their health is our wealth: lay perceptions on the health impacts of blood donation. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2024; 22:1-3. [PMID: 37847206 PMCID: PMC10812896 DOI: 10.2450/bloodtransfus.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Fogarty
- Irish Blood Transfusion Service, National Blood Centre, Dublin 8, Ireland
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ellen McSweeney
- Irish Blood Transfusion Service, National Blood Centre, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Tor Hervig
- Irish Blood Transfusion Service, National Blood Centre, Dublin 8, Ireland
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3
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Etherington C, Palumbo A, Holloway K, Meyer S, Labrecque M, Rubini K, Shorr R, Welch V, Gibson E, Foster T, Haw J, Vesnaver E, Maharshi MT, O’Brien SF, MacPherson P, Dogba J, Steed T, Goldman M, Presseau J. Barriers and enablers to and strategies for promoting domestic plasma donation throughout the world: Overarching protocol for three systematic reviews. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0296104. [PMID: 38128026 PMCID: PMC10735017 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The growing demand for plasma protein products has caused concern in many countries who largely rely on importing plasma products produced from plasma collected in the United States and Europe. Optimizing recruitment and retention of a diversity of plasma donors is therefore important for supporting national donation systems that can reliably meet the most critical needs of health services. This series of three systematic reviews aims to synthesize the known barriers and enablers to source plasma donation from the qualitative and survey-based literature and identify which strategies that have shown to be effective in promoting increased intention to, and actual donation of, source plasma. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Primary studies involving source or convalescent plasma donation via plasmapheresis will be included. The search strategy will capture all potentially relevant studies to each of the three reviews, creating a database of plasma donation literature. Study designs will be subsequently identified in the screening process to facilitate analysis according to the unique inclusion criteria of each review (i.e., qualitative, survey, and experimental designs). The search will be conducted in the electronic databases SCOPUS, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL without date or language restrictions. Studies will be screened, and data will be extracted, in duplicate by two independent reviewers with disagreements resolved through consensus. Reviews 1 and 2 will draw on the Theoretical Domains Framework and Intersectionality, while Review 3 will be informed by Behaviour Change Intervention Ontologies. Directed content analysis and framework analysis (Review 1), and descriptive and inferential syntheses (Reviews 2 and 3), will be used, including meta-analyses if appropriate. DISCUSSION This series of related reviews will serve to provide a foundation of what is known from the published literature about barriers and enablers to, and strategies for promoting, plasma donation worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole Etherington
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amelia Palumbo
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Samantha Meyer
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Kyle Rubini
- Lived Experience Partner, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Risa Shorr
- Learning Services, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vivian Welch
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Campbell Collaboration, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily Gibson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jennie Haw
- Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elisabeth Vesnaver
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manavi T. Maharshi
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Paul MacPherson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joyce Dogba
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Tony Steed
- Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Justin Presseau
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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4
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Motivators and barriers to blood donation among potential donors of African and Caucasian ethnicity. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2023; 21:13-23. [PMID: 35848628 PMCID: PMC9918381 DOI: 10.2450/2022.0014-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minority blood donation, especially from individuals of African ethnicity, is a focus for many countries with diverse populations. As the need for antigen-negative RBC transfusions for patients with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) continues to grow, inclusion of more African blood donors is essential to ensure this demand is met. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study aims to explore barriers and motivators to blood donation and awareness of SCD among potential donors of diverse ethnic backgrounds in Ireland. Following ethical approval, patients attending the National Sickle Cell Disease and Thalassemia service at St James's Hospital were invited to share an online anonymous survey within their local communities to achieve snowball-sampling. RESULTS 387 respondents completed the survey, including 311 non-donors (median age 25 years, 67% female). Ethnic backgrounds included: African or African-Irish (59%), White or Caucasian (25%), Asian (8%), Hispanic or Latino (3%), Middle Eastern (3%), Multiracial or Biracial (2%). The most commonly identified barrier overall was lack of information on blood donation. African respondents were significantly more likely to report lack of information and malaria-related barriers than Caucasians. Motivators also varied across ethnic groups, with African respondents more likely to donate to help someone within their own community or for religious motivators. Awareness of SCD was higher among African respondents. DISCUSSION While some barriers to blood donation are shared across all ethnic groups including lack of information, notable differences exist between Caucasian and African respondents. Specific actions to recruit and retain African blood donors should focus on these key areas.
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5
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Kambale‐Kombi P, Djang'eing'a RM, Alworong'a Opara J, Minon J, Sepulchre E, Bours V, Floch A, Pirenne F, Tshilumba CK, Batina‐Agasa S. Red blood cell alloimmunisation in sickle cell disease patients in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo. Transfus Med 2022; 33:137-146. [PMID: 36377544 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunisation and alloantibody specificity in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in comparison with those followed at the Centre Hospitalier Régional (CHR) de la Citadelle of Liège (Belgium). BACKGROUND Data regarding RBC alloimmunisation (immune response of the organism to foreign erythrocyte antigens, antigens that lack on its own RBC) in SCD patients are scarce in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS We conducted a multi-site-based cross-sectional study among 125 SCD patients at Kisangani and 136 at the CHR de la Citadelle of Liège. The diagnosis of SCD was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Alloantibodies were screened using the agglutination technique on gel cards and their specificity determined using 11 and/or 16 cell panels. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS. RESULTS The prevalence of RBC alloimmunisation was 9.6% among SCD patients in Kisangani versus 22.8% in those of Liège. At Kisangani as well as at Liège, the median age of alloimmunised patients was higher than that of non-alloimmunised patients, 15.5 years (IQR:4.8-19.8) and 24 years (IQR:14-31) versus 10 years (IQR: 6.5-17) and 17 years (IQR:12-24), respectively. The median number of blood units was higher in both Kisangani and Liège immunised patients compared to non-immunised patients, 8 (IQR:5-11) versus 5 (IQR:3-13) and 41(IQR:6-93) versus 6.5(3-37) respectively. At Kisangani (N = 14), the most frequent antibodies were anti-D (28.6%) and anti-C versus anti-E (13.6%), anti-S (13.6%) and anti-Lea (11.4%) at Liège (N = 44). CONCLUSIONS These findings stated that alloimmunisation is a common complication in SCD patients in the DRC. In the resource-limited setting of this country, blood transfusion with minimal ABO, D, C and E antigen matching in addition to the use of compatibility test could significantly reduce the incidence of this complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kambale‐Kombi
- Département de Médecine interne, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie Université de Kisangani Kisangani Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Roland Marini Djang'eing'a
- Département des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Laboratoire de chimie analytique, Faculté de Médecine Université de Liège Liège Belgium
| | - Jean‐Pierre Alworong'a Opara
- Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie Université de Kisangani Kisangani Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jean‐Marc Minon
- Département de Thrombose‐hémostase et Transfusion Centre Hospitalier Régional de la Citadelle Liège Belgium
| | - Edith Sepulchre
- Département de Thrombose‐hémostase et Transfusion Centre Hospitalier Régional de la Citadelle Liège Belgium
| | - Vincent Bours
- Département de Génétique Humaine, Faculté de Médecine Université de Liège Liège Belgium
| | - Aline Floch
- Etablissement français du sang(EFS) Ile‐de‐France Créteil France
- Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955 Equipe 2 « Transfusion et maladies du globule », IMRB Créteil France
| | - France Pirenne
- Etablissement français du sang(EFS) Ile‐de‐France Créteil France
- Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955 Equipe 2 « Transfusion et maladies du globule », IMRB Créteil France
| | - Charles Kayembe Tshilumba
- Département de Médecine interne, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie Université de Kisangani Kisangani Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Salomon Batina‐Agasa
- Département de Médecine interne, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie Université de Kisangani Kisangani Democratic Republic of the Congo
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6
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Gallego‐Murillo JS, Iacono G, van der Wielen LAM, van den Akker E, von Lindern M, Wahl SA. Expansion and differentiation of ex vivo cultured erythroblasts in scalable stirred bioreactors. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:3096-3116. [PMID: 35879812 PMCID: PMC9804173 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Transfusion of donor-derived red blood cells (RBCs) is the most common form of cell therapy. Production of transfusion-ready cultured RBCs (cRBCs) is a promising replacement for the current, fully donor-dependent therapy. A single transfusion unit, however, contains 2 × 1012 RBC, which requires large scale production. Here, we report on the scale-up of cRBC production from static cultures of erythroblasts to 3 L stirred tank bioreactors, and identify the effect of operating conditions on the efficiency of the process. Oxygen requirement of proliferating erythroblasts (0.55-2.01 pg/cell/h) required sparging of air to maintain the dissolved oxygen concentration at the tested setpoint (2.88 mg O2 /L). Erythroblasts could be cultured at dissolved oxygen concentrations as low as 0.7 O2 mg/ml without negative impact on proliferation, viability or differentiation dynamics. Stirring speeds of up to 600 rpm supported erythroblast proliferation, while 1800 rpm led to a transient halt in growth and accelerated differentiation followed by a recovery after 5 days of culture. Erythroblasts differentiated in bioreactors, with final enucleation levels and hemoglobin content similar to parallel cultures under static conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Sebastián Gallego‐Murillo
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of HematopoiesisAmsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands,Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied SciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands,Present address:
MeatableAlexander Fleminglaan 1,2613AX,DelftThe Netherlands
| | - Giulia Iacono
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of HematopoiesisAmsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Luuk A. M. van der Wielen
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied SciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands,Bernal Institute, Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of LimerickLimerickRepublic of Ireland
| | - Emile van den Akker
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of HematopoiesisAmsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Marieke von Lindern
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of HematopoiesisAmsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Aljoscha Wahl
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied SciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands,Present address:
Lehrstuhl Für BioverfahrenstechnikFriedrich‐Alexander Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergPaul‐Gordan‐Str. 3,91052,ErlangenGermany
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7
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Oviedo P, Jaffré Y, Danic B, Mazières S, Chiaroni J. Impact of societal and legal context on the blood supply of African-ancestry populations in Western countries: A review of practices and the French example. Vox Sang 2022; 117:1137-1144. [PMID: 35697918 PMCID: PMC9796234 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In Western countries, blood supply agencies encounter impediments in providing blood groups defined as rare or of interest, notably for sub-Saharan African ancestry (SSAA) recipients. To establish warning levels and anticipate future blood needs, an estimate of the current carriers of rare blood groups, both potential patients or donors, is crucial but complex. Indeed, if the strict needs can be estimated in medical terms, the modalities of blood product collection must be considered from an interdisciplinary perspective, at the interface of biological data and social norms. Here, we aim to understand how legal choices and a set of representations of otherness may influence the supply of rare blood for SSAA populations. After examining these issues, considering different norms and limits that govern French society, we compare this data with those of four Western countries facing the same difficulties (United States, United Kingdom, Italy and the Netherlands). This work began as part as the reflections of Social Lab, an institutional programme created by the French Blood Establishment (EFS). How can we effectively improve the qualitative blood coverage for SSAA populations? There is no unique solution, but there are many more or less effective answers. Comparison across countries reveals a strong influence of the socio-political histories and ethical choices before technical and medical considerations. We consider that an institutional policy is required to resolve recruitment issues of SSAA donors sustainably. Lastly, we introduce a working group called the EFS Social Lab, which aims to set up a monitoring mechanism for donors and societal trends to make blood donation effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Oviedo
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, UMR 7268MarseilleFrance
- Etablissement Français du Sang PACA Corse, “Biologie des groupes sanguins”MarseilleFrance
| | | | - Bruno Danic
- Etablissement Français du Sang BretagneRennesFrance
- Etablissement Français du Sang SocialabSaint‐DenisFrance
| | | | - Jacques Chiaroni
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, UMR 7268MarseilleFrance
- Etablissement Français du Sang PACA Corse, “Biologie des groupes sanguins”MarseilleFrance
- Etablissement Français du Sang SocialabSaint‐DenisFrance
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8
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Ferguson E, Dawe‐Lane E, Khan Z, Reynolds C, Davison K, Edge D, Brailsford SR. Trust and distrust: Identifying recruitment targets for ethnic minority blood donors. Transfus Med 2022; 32:276-287. [PMID: 35499471 PMCID: PMC9542243 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background We explore the role of trust, distrust, and the prevailing socio‐political context to better understand why people from ethnic minority communities are less likely to be blood donors compared to people from White communities. Recruiting more ethnic minority donors will enhance representativeness, reduce inequality, and help meet the clinical need to increase the proportion of blood with Ro Kell antigen to treat Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). Study design and methods A 2 (donor‐status: current donor; non‐donors) by 4 (ethnicity: People from Asian, Black, Mixed and White ethnic backgrounds) quasi‐experiment (N = 981) was conducted to examine perceptions of trust/distrust and their influence on willingness to donate blood, within the socio‐political context of the Windrush scandal and Brexit. Results We identified five domains of trust (‘National Health Service [NHS] and staff,’ ‘NHS Blood and Transplant,’ ‘outgroups,’ ‘individuals’ and ‘politics’), and a single domain of conditional distrust domain. Trust across all the domains was lower, and ‘conditional distrust’ higher for ethnic minorities. Trust in ‘individuals’ and ‘NHSBT’ predicted willingness to donate in non‐donors from ethnic minorities and White non‐donors, respectively. Concerns about the Windrush scandal were related to lower political trust. Viewing Brexit as ‘positive for the UK’ was related to lower trust across domains and reduced willingness to donate in White non‐donors through its influence on reduced trust in NHSBT. Conclusion Distinct domains of trust and distrust are identified, and targeting ‘trust in others’ through conditional cooperation is recommended as a strategy to increase donor numbers from ethnic minority communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erin Dawe‐Lane
- School of Psychology University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | - Zaynah Khan
- School of Psychology University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
- Leciestershire PartnershipTrust Mill Lodge, The Rise, Narborough Leicester UK
| | - Claire Reynolds
- NHS Blood and Transplant/UK Health Security Agency Epidemiology Unit London UK
| | - Katy Davison
- NHS Blood and Transplant/UK Health Security Agency Epidemiology Unit London UK
| | - Dawn Edge
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Susan R. Brailsford
- NHS Blood and Transplant/UK Health Security Agency Epidemiology Unit London UK
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9
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Rael CT, Pierre D, Frye V, Kessler D, Duffy L, Malos N, Van Tieu H. Evaluating blood donor experiences and barriers/facilitators to blood donation in the United States using YouTube video content. Transfusion 2021; 61:2650-2657. [PMID: 34196004 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding donor perception of the blood donation experience is central to maintaining an adequate blood supply. Studies that use questionnaires to assess barriers/facilitators to donation may be influenced by response bias. To address this, we conducted an innovative study integrating quantitative informatic techniques with qualitative data analysis of YouTube video content to explore donor experiences and barriers and facilitators to whole blood donation. METHODS Sampling of YouTube videos was conducted using search parameters for identifying relevant videos, based on donors' language used to describe their whole blood donation experiences (e.g., blood donation, blood donor, donated blood, gave/give blood). We eliminated duplicate videos; filtered out non-English videos, those made outside the United States, and those with no transcripts; and restricted the time period during which videos were posted from 2015 to 2019. Search parameters were fed into a Python script, which downloaded video transcripts for all search results. The final sample was 102 noncommercial and 34 commercial transcripts. The subsequent transcriptions were uploaded into qualitative analysis software and coded two coders. A third coder randomly selected transcripts to review to ensure consistency. RESULTS Barriers to whole blood donation include having prior negative experiences with donation and donation-related fear. Facilitators included altruism, having a personal connection to donation, donation center incentives, and positive experiences with blood center staff. CONCLUSION Themes identified in this study were similar to those in the existing literature. This suggests that current questionnaires to address barriers/facilitators to donation are unlikely to be meaningfully impacted by response bias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominique Pierre
- National Board of Certification and Recertification for Nurse Anesthetists (NBCRNA), New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Victoria Frye
- Department of Community Health and Social Medicine, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Debra Kessler
- Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Louisa Duffy
- Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nick Malos
- Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hong Van Tieu
- Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
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10
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Wittock N, Monforte P, Hustinx L. "Missing minorities" in blood donation: Rethinking blood procurement in Europe as a citizenship regime. Health (London) 2021; 25:535-554. [PMID: 34015951 DOI: 10.1177/13634593211017962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although European blood collection organizations are currently obtaining sufficient and safe blood from the majority population, they report having difficulty recruiting first and second-generation immigrants from non-European countries. Most existing studies on these underrepresented groups, who have been coined the "missing minorities" in blood donation, have adopted an instrumental approach that focuses on the development of targeted recruitment strategies to overcome specific barriers to donation faced by members of these minorities. Although this approach does offer several short-term benefits, our central argument is that it is one-sided in its questioning of the non-participation of ethnic minorities. The literature currently lacks research on how the blood procurement system is failing to include minorities. Drawing on recent social theory, we seek a broader sociological understanding of minority under-representation in blood donor populations by shifting the analytic focus toward a critical examination of the main pillars of the procurement system within the European context. This paper advances a novel analytical framework based on two general propositions. First, we apply the literature on "citizenship regimes" to argue that blood donation is part of one specific institutionalization of citizenship and solidarity. We then reconceptualize the "problem" of missing minorities in European blood donation as an application for social change, suggesting avenues related to blood collection as a way of renegotiating minority-majority relations of solidarity.
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11
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Klinkenberg EF, Fransen MP, de Kort WLAM, Huis In 't Veld EMJ, van Weert JCM. Unknown, so also unvalued? Blood donation awareness and attitudes of potential donors of Dutch and African descent. Vox Sang 2020; 116:513-523. [PMID: 33161573 PMCID: PMC8247345 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Many Western countries face a shortage of African blood donors, while their specific blood groups are needed to transfuse chronic transfusion patients of similar ethnic background. Blood donation awareness and attitudes greatly impact the decision to become a blood donor, but how they are related and differ across ethnic groups is understudied. This study investigated blood donation awareness and attitudes of individuals of Dutch and African descent in the Netherlands. MATERIALS AND METHODS Survey data of 257 African and 152 Dutch non-donors measuring donation awareness (i.e. being familiar with the Dutch blood bank organization and knowing others who donated blood), cognitive (evaluative judgements) and affective (emotional reactions) attitudes were included. t-Tests, chi-square tests, linear and logistic regressions were conducted to study differences and associations between donation awareness and attitudes. RESULTS African individuals were less often aware of the Dutch blood bank organization (43%; p < 0·05) or others who donated blood (51%; p < 0·05) than Dutch individuals (55% and 68%, respectively). African individuals had lower cognitive donation attitudes compared with Dutch individuals (p < 0·001), but no differences were found for affective attitudes (p = 0·55). High donation awareness was associated with higher cognitive (p < 0·001) and affective (p < 0·05) donation attitudes among African minorities, but not among Dutch individuals. CONCLUSION The lower donation awareness and cognitive attitudes of African minorities should be taken into consideration in donor recruitment. Raising awareness through effective communication strategies might be essential in the donor decision making process of this target group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth F Klinkenberg
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam P Fransen
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim L A M de Kort
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M J Huis In 't Veld
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Cognitive Science & Artificial Intelligence, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Julia C M van Weert
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research / ASCoR, Department of Communication Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Blood donation among individuals of African origin in the Netherlands: how are barriers and motivators associated with intention? BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2020; 19:24-33. [PMID: 33000754 DOI: 10.2450/2020.0049-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood donors of African origin are under-represented in high-income Western countries, while their extended blood types closely match chronic transfusion patients with similar ancestral backgrounds. To prevent alloimunisation, it is important to recruit and retain more African blood donors. The aim of this study was to gain insight into blood donation barriers and motivators of individuals of African origin, and to assess how these are associated with the intention to donate blood. MATERIALS AND METHODS An online survey sample included 300 participants of sub-Saharan African, Afro-Surinamese and Afro-Caribbean origin living in the Netherlands. They ranked 25 barriers and 19 motivators on the level of impediment and facilitation in blood donation. We compared differences in barriers and motivators between ever- and never-donors and tested associations with the intention to donate blood using univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses, adjusted for gender, age, ethnicity, immigrant generation, educational level, and blood donation history. RESULTS Receiving information about the donation procedure was a highly ranked motivator especially among never-donors (50%) and was positively associated with the intention to donate (p<0.05). Non-monetary incentives, convenience factors and awareness were other important motivators. Highly ranked barriers related to fears and not feeling healthy enough to donate, although only "believing donation is scary or stressful" (reported by 8% of the ever-donors and 25% of the never-donors) remained significantly associated with intention to donate in the multivariate model (p<0.05). Recipient preferences, religion and distrust were less often reported and were not associated with donation intention. DISCUSSION The highest ranked barriers and motivators were not necessarily the best predictors of donation intention. These findings have valuable implications for future interventions focussing on individuals of African origin.
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Roberts DJ. January 2020: What lies ahead? Transfus Med 2020; 30:3-4. [DOI: 10.1111/tme.12673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Roberts
- Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford UK
- National Health Service Blood and TransplantJohn Radcliffe Hospital Oxford UK
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Beurel A, Terrade F, Lebaudy JP, Danic B. Psychosocial and cognitive engineering contributions to blood transfusion. Transfus Clin Biol 2019; 26:184-187. [PMID: 31253495 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Among the research developed in social psychology, there is a field of study questioning the mechanisms that explain prosocial behaviors. In 1956, the first links between transfusion medicine and social psychology were formed, with the study of underlying motivations to blood donation behavior. Sixty years later, the number of "fundamental" and "applied" research has widely increased, and we now have a theoretical understanding of blood donation engagement's levers, as well as experimental demonstrations of methods to activate these levers. Thus, the literature offers several strategies experimentally verified to improve the recruitment and retaining of blood donors. These methods can go from specific speeches when soliciting donors, to changes in the blood donation environment, etc. They aim either at impacting the donation experience, at obtaining a change in the donor's behavior, or at changing the determinants of blood donation. Yet, it is clear that the knowledge from the research in social psychology is not really deployed on the field by the organizations that could benefit from it. In this article, we will try to develop the difficulty regarding the application of fundamental and experimental knowledge, and to underline the implications for the blood transfusion establishments. We will then present the psychosocial and cognitive engineering method, and argue its relevance to answer this problematic.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Beurel
- CS 24307, LP3 C, université Rennes 2, place Recteur Henri Le Moal, 35000 Rennes cedex, France; Établissement français du sang Bretagne, rue Pierre-Jean Gineste, 35000 Rennes cedex, France.
| | - F Terrade
- CS 24307, LP3 C, université Rennes 2, place Recteur Henri Le Moal, 35000 Rennes cedex, France
| | - J-P Lebaudy
- Établissement français du sang Bretagne, rue Pierre-Jean Gineste, 35000 Rennes cedex, France
| | - B Danic
- Établissement français du sang Bretagne, rue Pierre-Jean Gineste, 35000 Rennes cedex, France
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Klinkenberg EF, Huis in ’t Veld EMJ, de Wit PD, de Kort WLAM, Fransen MP. Barriers and motivators of Ghanaian and African-Surinamese migrants to donate blood. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2019; 27:748-756. [PMID: 30478863 PMCID: PMC7379538 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
African migrants are underrepresented as blood donors in many Western countries, which can lead to shortages of specific blood types for transfusion. More insight in the reasons for this underrepresentation is required to improve blood donor recruitment and retention strategies. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore barriers and motivators for donating blood among migrants of African background. The research population consisted of first and second generation African-Surinamese (n = 20) and Ghanaian (n = 16) migrants living in the Netherlands. In semi-structured personal interviews performed in 2016 and 2017, their experiences and opinions regarding blood donation, barriers, and motivators to (not) become a blood donor and their suggestions to improve recruitment were explored. Data collection was continued until data saturation was achieved. The interviews revealed that although all participants knew about blood donation in general, only four had previously heard of the Dutch national blood bank organisation. Participants expected that if blood was needed, the blood bank would directly approach them, as in their country of origin. Other main blood donation barriers were fear (e.g., of needles, losing too much blood) and issues related to health and non-eligibility to donate. Main motivators were mainly of altruistic nature (e.g., saving a life) and an increased awareness of the need via personal recruitment appeals. It is concluded that expectations regarding donor recruitment-derived from the country of origin-and unawareness of the need for blood can act as important barriers in blood donation among African migrants. Contrary to studies in the United States and Australia, perceived discrimination and social exclusion did not seem to be a donation deterrent among migrants in the Netherlands. Creating awareness of the need of blood by actively approaching, and informing migrants about the donation procedure in the host country, should be considered by blood banks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth F. Klinkenberg
- Donor StudiesSanquin ResearchAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Public HealthAmsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M. J. Huis in ’t Veld
- Donor StudiesSanquin ResearchAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Medical and Clinical PsychologyTilburg UniversityTilburgThe Netherlands
| | - Puck D. de Wit
- Donor StudiesSanquin ResearchAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Public HealthAmsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Wim L. A. M. de Kort
- Donor StudiesSanquin ResearchAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Public HealthAmsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mirjam P. Fransen
- Department of Public HealthAmsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Makin JK, Francis KL, Polonsky MJ, Renzaho AMN. Interventions to Increase Blood Donation among Ethnic/Racial Minorities: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 2019:6810959. [PMID: 31143209 PMCID: PMC6501160 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6810959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ethnic/racial minorities are under-represented in blood donor populations in most developed countries. This is of particular concern where minorities differ from a country's majority population in terms of blood or tissue typing, especially where type matching is required for effective management of rare disorders such as sickle-cell disease that require multiple transfusions. This systematic review assessed the effectiveness of interventions to increase blood donation among ethnic/racial minority populations in developed countries. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and ProQuest on 20 March 2017 with no date restrictions and supplemented this with searches on Google Scholar, blood collection agency websites, reference lists of included studies, and a forward search of citations of included studies. We included intervention studies designed to increase recruitment and/or retention of adult, ethnic/racial minority blood donors in developed countries. The review identified eight studies reported in nine publications. Six were conducted in the USA with African Americans. Four studies reported on multifaceted, community-based interventions; three reported on one-off information and educational video interventions, presented face-to-face, or delivered via post or e-mail. The level of evidence for efficacy was low, and the majority of studies were assessed as having some risk of bias related to one or more methodological issues. All eight studies reported positive outcomes in blood donation and/or intention to donate. Seven trials found that the intervention increased presentation for donation, and three found an increase in the percentage of new donors from the ethnic minority targeted. The review findings demonstrate that it is possible to design and implement effective interventions to motivate individuals from ethnic/racial minority groups to donate blood. One-off interventions may be as effective as multifaceted, community-based interventions. There was insufficient evidence to recommend particular interventions, and future research should empirically assess alternative interventions using robust study designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K. Makin
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia
| | - Kate L. Francis
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | | | - Andre M. N. Renzaho
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney 2751, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney 2751, Australia
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17
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Roberts DJ, Estcourt LJ. Donor medicine: giving it all. Transfus Med 2019; 29 Suppl 1:3-5. [PMID: 30977244 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2000] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D J Roberts
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine and BRC Haematology Theme, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,NHS Blood and Transplant, Oxford Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - L J Estcourt
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine and BRC Haematology Theme, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,NHS Blood and Transplant, Oxford Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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18
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Klinkenberg EF, Langi Sasongko PKB, de Kort WLAM, van Weert JCM, Fransen MP, Huis In 't Veld EMJ. The supply chain of migrant blood donors: an organisational interview study. Vox Sang 2019; 114:145-153. [PMID: 30623984 PMCID: PMC6850342 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Migrant blood donors are underrepresented worldwide resulting in shortages of compatible blood products. Prior studies focused on individual barriers and motivators of potential blood donors, but no studies addressed organisational factors of the blood supply chain. This study explored the perceptions and experiences in recruitment and retention of migrant - and potentially rare-blood donors among staff members within the blood supply chain and identified obstacles and solutions in this chain. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted at Sanquin, the national blood supply organisation of the Netherlands. Qualitative in-depth interviews were done among key staff members (N = 17). Expert validity was assessed in three feedback meetings. RESULTS Seven staff members believed there is a shortage of migrant blood donors, while five believed there is not. However, there was a consensus that it may become a problem in the future due to demographic changes. The perceived obstacles to recruit and retain migrant donors were difficulties in determining how many migrant donors are needed and recruiting them, excluding potentially rare donors prior to donation, limited use of extended phenotyping and high blood typing and frozen storage costs. The possible solutions to increase blood pool diversity lay in registering donor ethnicity, specialised information provision for donors, reconsidering eligibility criteria and optimising blood typing strategies. CONCLUSION Whilst recruitment of migrant blood donors is perceived by staff as difficult, various organisational policies and guidelines seem to hinder retention. Improvements in the blood supply chain may be achieved by addressing logistics, current procedures and registration of ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth F Klinkenberg
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Wim L A M de Kort
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Julia C M van Weert
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research/ASCoR, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam P Fransen
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M J Huis In 't Veld
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Cognitive Science and Artificial Intelligence, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
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Piersma TW, Klinkenberg EF. The relation between blood donor recruitment and donor diversity and loyalty in the Netherlands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/voxs.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tjeerd W. Piersma
- Department of Donor Studies; Sanquin Research; Amsterdam the Netherlands
- Center for Philanthropic Studies; VU University; Amsterdam the Netherlands
- Department of Sociology; VU University; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth F. Klinkenberg
- Department of Donor Studies; Sanquin Research; Amsterdam the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health; Amsterdam UMC; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute; Amsterdam the Netherlands
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