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Zhang X, Jiang J, Yu Q, Zhou P, Yang S, Xia J, Deng T, Yu C. ZIF-based carbon dots with lysosome-Golgi transport property as visualization platform for deep tumour therapy via hierarchical size/charge dual-transform and transcytosis. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:8510-8524. [PMID: 35660835 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02134j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The poor penetration of nanomaterials in solid tumours and difficulty in monitoring their penetration depth are major obstacles in their application for the treatment of solid tumours. Herein, pH-responsive carbon dots (ZCD) based on a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) were fabricated to achieve the deep delivery of the chemotherapeutic doxorubicin (DOX) via a hierarchical size/charge dual-transformation and transcytosis. The as-prepared ZCD accumulated in the solid tumour and the acidic tumour microenvironment further triggered its decomposition. Firstly, ZCD was decomposed by the weakly acidic extracellular microenvironment of the solid tumour, enabling it to transform into small and neutrally charged particles. Subsequently, these particles were endocytosed by lysosomes, and further disintegrated into smaller and positively charged particles, which could target the Golgi apparatus. Consequently, ZCD delivered DOX deep into the solid tumour via a size-shrinking strategy and Golgi-mediated transcytosis, thus significantly improving its antitumour efficacy. In addition, carbonization endowed ZCD with superior fluorescence property, which was enhanced in the acidic microenvironment, thus improving the sensitivity and accuracy of ex vivo monitoring of the penetration depth of the nanomedicine in real time. Collectively, our results confirmed that the carbon dots obtained via the direct carbonization of ZIF-8 simultaneously exhibited enhanced deep penetration into solid tumours and fluorescence, which could be monitored, and that the carbonization of functional materials is effective to enhance their fluorescence, and further broaden their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianming Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Junhao Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Qinghua Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
- Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
- Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shiyu Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
- Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jiashan Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
- Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Tao Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Chao Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400016, China
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Lázaro-Diéguez F, Müsch A. Live-cell Imaging of Biosynthetic Protein Transport in Hepatocytes. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2544:145-157. [PMID: 36125716 PMCID: PMC9627190 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2557-6_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe a strategy to analyze the exit of apical and basolateral cargo from the trans-Golgi network in primary hepatocytes. The method is based on recombinant adenovirus-mediated infection combined with a pulse-chase regimen and live-cell imaging analysis of fluorescent protein-tagged dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) and vesicular stomatitis virus G (VSVG) cargo proteins, coexpressed and accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum via DPPIV aggregation through an engineered conditional aggregation domain and VSVG by exploiting the aggregation of the ts045 mutant at its non-permissive temperature of 40 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Lázaro-Diéguez
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Anne Müsch
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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