1
|
Mayer W, Mayr J, Koch F, Rechberger U, Gasser W, Hermann M, Kempel A, Edlinger M, Schennach H. Increasing the collection flow rate to 2 mL/min is effective and reduces the procedure time in off-line photopheresis. Transfusion 2023; 63:1546-1553. [PMID: 37422880 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) treatment, mostly based on apheresis technology, is used for immunomodulation in various diseases such as cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, graft versus host disease and other (auto)immune disorders. The aim of this study was to collect high cell counts and purity in shorter procedure times using an ECP off-line system with an increased collection flow rate of 2 mL/min to a target volume of 200 mL buffy coat. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS In this prospective study, data of routinely performed off-line photopheresis treatments were collected and analyzed at the Central Institute for Blood Transfusion & Department of Immunology (ZIB) of the Tirol Kliniken, to assess absolute cell counts and procedure times and to calculate collection efficiencies (CE2). RESULTS A total of 22 patients participated in this study. The processed blood volume was 4312 mL, the collection time 120 min, overall procedure time 157 min and the absolute cell counts of treated white blood cells (WBC) and mononuclear cells (MNC) were 5.0 and 4.3 × 109 respectively (median values). The calculated CE2 for WBC and MNC was 21.1% and 58.5%, the proportion of treated MNCs of the total number of MNCs present was 55.0%. CONCLUSION The data presented in this study show high therapeutically effective cell counts collected with a high MNC purity within a shorter overall collection/procedure time due to an increased collection flow rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Mayer
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion & Department of Immunology (ZIB), Tirol Kliniken GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jonas Mayr
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion & Department of Immunology (ZIB), Tirol Kliniken GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Felix Koch
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion & Department of Immunology (ZIB), Tirol Kliniken GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ulrike Rechberger
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion & Department of Immunology (ZIB), Tirol Kliniken GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Werner Gasser
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion & Department of Immunology (ZIB), Tirol Kliniken GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Hermann
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine at the Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Angela Kempel
- Pharmametrics GmbH, Institute for Health Economics & Epidemiology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Edlinger
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Harald Schennach
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion & Department of Immunology (ZIB), Tirol Kliniken GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gail LM, Schell KJ, Łacina P, Strobl J, Bolton SJ, Steinbakk Ulriksen E, Bogunia-Kubik K, Greinix H, Crossland RE, Inngjerdingen M, Stary G. Complex interactions of cellular players in chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1199422. [PMID: 37435079 PMCID: PMC10332803 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease is a life-threatening inflammatory condition that affects many patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Although we have made substantial progress in understanding disease pathogenesis and the role of specific immune cell subsets, treatment options are still limited. To date, we lack a global understanding of the interplay between the different cellular players involved, in the affected tissues and at different stages of disease development and progression. In this review we summarize our current knowledge on pathogenic and protective mechanisms elicited by the major involved immune subsets, being T cells, B cells, NK cells and antigen presenting cells, as well as the microbiome, with a special focus on intercellular communication of these cell types via extracellular vesicles as up-and-coming fields in chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease research. Lastly, we discuss the importance of understanding systemic and local aberrant cell communication during disease for defining better biomarkers and therapeutic targets, eventually enabling the design of personalized treatment schemes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marie Gail
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kimberly Julia Schell
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Piotr Łacina
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Johanna Strobl
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Steven J. Bolton
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Katarzyna Bogunia-Kubik
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Hildegard Greinix
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rachel Emily Crossland
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Georg Stary
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lauener M, AzadPour S, Abdossamadi S, Parthasarathy V, Ng B, Ostroumov E, Cuvelier GDE, Levings MK, MacDonald KN, Kariminia A, Schultz KR. CD56bright CD16- natural killer cells as an important regulatory mechanism in chronic graft- versus-host disease. Haematologica 2023; 108:761-771. [PMID: 36200416 PMCID: PMC9973474 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.280653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) is a major cause of morbidity after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In large patient populations, we have shown a CD56bright natural killer (NK) population to strongly associate with a lack of cGvHD and we hypothesize that these cells function to suppress cGvHD. We aimed to isolate and define the characteristics of regulatory NK (NKreg) cells associated with suppression of cGvHD. Immunophenotypic evaluation of a large pediatric population found the CD56bright NK population associated with a lack of cGvHD to be perforin-, Granzyme B-, and CD335+. Transcriptome analysis of a small patient cohort of CD56bright compared to CD56dim NK cells found the NKreg cells to also overexpress Granzyme K, IL-7R, GPR183, RANK, GM-CSFR, TCF7, and IL23A. Further analysis of this CD56bright NKreg population found a subpopulation that overexpressed IRF1, and TNF. We also found that viable NKreg cells may be isolated by sorting on CD56+ and CD16- NK cells, and this population can suppress allogeneic CD4+ T cells, but not Treg cells or CD8+ T cells through a non-cytolytic, cell-cell contact dependent mechanism. Suppression was not reliant upon the NKp44, NKp46, or GPR183 receptors. Additionally, NKreg cells do not kill leukemic cells. Moreover, this is the first paper to clearly establish that a CD56brightCD3-CD16-perforin- NKreg population associates with a lack of cGvHD and has several unique characteristics, including the suppression of helper T-cell function in vitro. With further investigation we may decipher the mechanism of NKreg suppression and operationalize expansion of NKreg cells associated with cGvHD suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Lauener
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - Shima AzadPour
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
| | - Sayeh Abdossamadi
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - Vaishnavi Parthasarathy
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - Bernard Ng
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - Elena Ostroumov
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | | | - Megan K Levings
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - Katherine N MacDonald
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - Amina Kariminia
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - Kirk R Schultz
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shrestha P, Astter Y, Davis DA, Zhou T, Yuan CM, Ramaswami R, Wang HW, Lurain K, Yarchoan R. Daratumumab induces cell-mediated cytotoxicity of primary effusion lymphoma and is active against refractory disease. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2163784. [PMID: 36632565 PMCID: PMC9828731 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2163784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma caused by Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), lacks standard therapy and has a median survival of 10-22 months with combination chemotherapy. PEL is a tumor of plasmablast-like B cells generally expressing CD38, the target of daratumumab (Dara). Initially, we assessed PEL cells from eight patients and established that each expressed high levels of CD38 by flow cytometry. PEL cell lines were also evaluated and most had high CD38 expression. We then assessed Dara's effects on complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of PEL cell lines as well as its clinical benefits on two patients with PEL. Despite high CD38 expression, Dara did not induce CDC of PEL cell lines, due in part to high levels of the complement-inhibitory proteins, CD55 and CD59. However, Dara induced significant and dose-dependent increases in ADCC, particularly in those lines with high CD38 levels. Two FDA-approved drugs, all trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and pomalidomide (Pom), significantly increased surface CD38 levels in low-CD38 expressing PEL cell lines, resulting in increased Dara-induced ADCC. Two patients with refractory PEL were treated with Dara alone or in combination with Pom. One patient with leptomeningeal PEL had a complete response to Dara and Pom combination treatment. Others had improvement in performance status and resolution of malignant ascites with Dara alone. Together, these data support the use of Dara monotherapy or in combination with ATRA or Pom as a potential therapeutic option for PEL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Shrestha
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yana Astter
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David A. Davis
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ting Zhou
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Constance M. Yuan
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ramya Ramaswami
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hao-Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kathryn Lurain
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert Yarchoan
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA,CONTACT Robert Yarchoan National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Rm. 6N106, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD20892-1868, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Holtzman NG, Pavletic SZ. The clinical landscape of chronic graft-versus-host disease management in 2021. Br J Haematol 2021; 196:830-848. [PMID: 34599519 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is an important systemic complication of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation with heterogeneous, multi-organ involvement that can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Despite significant advances in understanding the complex pathophysiology driving the disease, curative treatment options remain suboptimal. The past decade, however, has seen much growth in collaborative research efforts and standardization of criteria for clinical trials that have led to discovery of several new second-line therapies in cGVHD. The key to successful cGVHD control and management includes a comprehensive and sustained multidisciplinary effort with emphasis on ancillary and supportive care for these patients. The focus of this review is to summarize the new developments in systemic, organ-specific, and topical treatments in the management of cGVHD that emerged since the 2014 NIH consensus conference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noa G Holtzman
- Immune Deficiency Cellular Therapy Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Steven Z Pavletic
- Immune Deficiency Cellular Therapy Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Amat P, López-Corral L, Goterris R, Pérez A, López O, Heras I, Arbona C, Viguria MC, Hernández-Boluda JC, Martínez-Ruiz F, Martínez A, Solano C. Biomarker profile predicts clinical efficacy of extracorporeal photopheresis in steroid-resistant acute and chronic graft-vs-host disease after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. J Clin Apher 2021; 36:697-710. [PMID: 34185332 DOI: 10.1002/jca.21918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a multicenter interventional study to assess the efficacy of Therakos ECP to treat steroid-resistant graft-vs-host disease (SRes-GVHD) after allogeneic HSCT and to identify biomarkers of GVHD response. A total of 62 patients were treated for acute SRes-GVHD (n = 37) or chronic SRes-GVHD (n = 25). Median time to best response was 35 days (range, 28-85) and 90 days (range, 27-240) in acute and chronic SRes-GVHD, respectively. Overall, 27 patients (72.9%) with SRes-aGVHD responded to treatment (40.5% CR and 32.4% PR). The response rate was significantly higher in grade I-II than in grade III-IV aGVHD (100% vs 50.0%, respectively, P-value = .001). In chronic SRes-GVHD, 22 patients (88%) achieved a clinical response (24.0% CR and 64% PR). Response was higher in moderate than in severe SRes-cGVHD (100% vs 75%, P = .096). In both acute and chronic SRes-GVHD patients, the percentage of peripheral blood CD3+ CD4+ was higher and CD3+ CD8+ lower in responding than nonresponding patients. Acute SRes-GVHD responding patients presented a higher number of Treg cells (CD4+ CD25+ CD127low/- ) at day 0 (P = .028) than nonresponding patients, differences that were maintained over the observation period. Phenotypic analysis of T-cell maturation showed a trend toward reduction in TCD8 naive cells, along with an increased percentage of TCD8 Mem Efect T cells after starting ECP in responding patients. None of the studied serum cytokines displayed statistically significant changes in either acute or chronic SRes-GVHD. ECP is an effective treatment for patients with SRes-GVHD. Biomarkers could help guide decision-making on ECP treatment initiation and duration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Amat
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínico Universitario-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lucía López-Corral
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rosa Goterris
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínico Universitario-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ariadna Pérez
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínico Universitario-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Olga López
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Heras
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Morales Messenger, Murcia, Spain
| | - Cristina Arbona
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínico Universitario-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Juan Carlos Hernández-Boluda
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínico Universitario-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Martínez-Ruiz
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics Science, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andreu Martínez
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínico Universitario-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Solano
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínico Universitario-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Iselin C, Chang YT, Schlaepfer T, Fassnacht C, Dimitriou F, Nägeli M, Pascolo S, Hoetzenecker W, Bobrowicz M, Guenova E. Enhancement of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity is associated with treatment response to extracorporeal photopheresis in Sézary syndrome. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1873530. [PMID: 33643690 PMCID: PMC7872039 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1873530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sézary syndrome (SS) is a rare, leukemic type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), for which extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is a first-line therapy. Reliable biomarkers to objectively monitor the response to ECP in patients with SS are missing. We examined the quantitative and qualitative impact of ECP on natural killer (NK) cell activity in SS patients, and especially their functional ability for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Further, we addressed the question whether the magnitude of the effect on ADCC can be associated with the anti-cancer efficacy of ECP in SS patients. We assessed numbers of NK cells, ADCC activity, and treatment response based on blood tumor staging in a cohort of 13 SS patients (8 women, 5 men) treated with ECP as a first-line therapy. Blood samples were collected before treatment start and after an average of 9 months of uninterrupted ECP treatment. NK cell numbers were reduced in SS patients compared to healthy individuals and showed a tendency of recovery after long-term ECP treatment, independent of the clinical response to treatment. Patients with marginal increase (≤1.5 AU-fold) or lack of increase in ADCC activity failed to respond clinically to treatment, while patients with an increased ADCC activity showed a reduction in blood tumor burden. NK-mediated ADCC is selectively enhanced and might be a mechanism underlying the effect of ECP while in addition it can possibly serve as a reliable biomarker to objectively monitor response to ECP in patients with SS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Iselin
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yun-Tsan Chang
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tanja Schlaepfer
- Department of Dermatology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Christina Fassnacht
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Florentia Dimitriou
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mirjam Nägeli
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Steve Pascolo
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Malgorzata Bobrowicz
- Department of Dermatology, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuella Guenova
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wölfl M, Qayed M, Benitez Carabante MI, Sykora T, Bonig H, Lawitschka A, Diaz-de-Heredia C. Current Prophylaxis and Treatment Approaches for Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:784377. [PMID: 35071133 PMCID: PMC8771910 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.784377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, higher event-free survival (EFS) was observed in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and grade II aGvHD vs. patients with no or grade I GvHD in the randomised, controlled, open-label, international, multicentre Phase III For Omitting Radiation Under Majority age (FORUM) trial. This finding suggests that moderate-severity aGvHD is associated with a graft-versus-leukaemia effect which protects against leukaemia recurrence. In order to optimise the benefits of HSCT for leukaemia patients, reduction of non-relapse mortality-which is predominantly caused by severe GvHD-is of utmost importance. Herein, we review contemporary prophylaxis and treatment options for aGvHD in children with ALL and the key challenges of aGvHD management, focusing on maintaining the graft-versus-leukaemia effect without increasing the severity of GvHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Wölfl
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Children's Hospital, Würzburg University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Muna Qayed
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Maria Isabel Benitez Carabante
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tomas Sykora
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, Comenius University Children's Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Halvard Bonig
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Red Cross Blood Service BaWüHe, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anita Lawitschka
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Anna Kinderspital and Children's Cancer Research Institute, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cristina Diaz-de-Heredia
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Helmberg W, Sipurzynski S, Groselje-Strehle A, Greinix H, Schlenke P. Does Offline Beat Inline Treatment: Investigation into Extracorporeal Photopheresis. Transfus Med Hemother 2020; 47:198-204. [PMID: 32595424 DOI: 10.1159/000506750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracorporeal photopheresis is a therapy based on the induction of apoptosis to cells harvested from peripheral blood, followed by direct retransfusion. Currently, there are two approaches: inline procedures, where cell harvesting, 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) incubation, and UV irradiation is performed with a single device, and offline procedures, with collection in one device, followed by 8-MOP incubation/UV irradiation using a second device. Study Design and Methods In a prospective crossover study, we compared an inline (Cellex, Therakos) with an established offline procedure (Optia, Terumo, and MacoGenic G2, Macopharma) in 6 patients, focusing on cell composition and apoptosis induction after 24 h. In total, 32 photopheresis treatments per device were performed. Results We observed an overall 2-fold higher number of apoptotic "target" cells for each patient with offline treatment. All yields were stratified per patient. Yields were compared as ratio offline/inline for CD3+ (2.5-fold), CD4+ (2-fold), CD8+ (2.8-fold), CD56+ (2.8-fold), CD19+ (1.8-fold), CD15+ (0.5-fold), and CD14+ (2.2-fold) cells. Apoptosis induction was measured after 24 h with Annexin V/7-AAD for early and late apoptosis rates of CD3+ (CD4+, CD8+) and CD56+ cells. CD3+ cells of the inline treatment had an average of 88% (26% early, 62% late) of apoptotic cells compared to 75% (34% early, 41% late) in the offline treatment. Procedure duration ranged from 80 to 100 min inline, with a maximum of 1,500 mL processed blood, and 125-140 min offline, with at least 3,000 mL processed blood, depending on blood flow. Average hematocrit levels of the products were 2.7% inline versus 1.7% offline. Conclusions The offline procedure, as established in our department, provides more apoptotic cells for treatment. The increased number of mononuclear cells collected outweighs a slightly reduced apoptosis rate after 24 h in comparison to the inline procedure. Besides this, the final decision for one or the other procedure has to take into account additional aspects, such as peripheral white blood cell count, hematocrit, and weight of the patient, required before apheresis, extracorporeal volume, and, last but not least, overall costs. The final criterion, however, has to be the reported clinical efficacy of the system applied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Helmberg
- Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sabine Sipurzynski
- Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Groselje-Strehle
- Core Facility Computational Bioanalytics, Center for Medical Research, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Peter Schlenke
- Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
McQuaid SL, Loughran ST, Power PA, Maguire P, Szczygiel A, Johnson PA. Low-dose IL-2 induces CD56 bright NK regulation of T cells via NKp44 and NKp46. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 200:228-241. [PMID: 31989589 PMCID: PMC7232012 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-dose interleukin (IL)-2 has shown clinical benefits in patients with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Both regulatory T cells (Tregs ) and natural killer (NK) cells are increased in response to low-dose IL-2 immunotherapy. The role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune diseases has been extensively studied; however, NK cells have not been as thoroughly explored. It has not been well reported whether the increase in NK cells is purely an epiphenomenon or carries actual benefits for patients with autoimmune diseases. We demonstrate that low-dose IL-2 expands the primary human CD56bright NK cells resulting in a contact-dependent cell cycle arrest of effector T cells (Teffs ) via retention of the cycle inhibitor p21. We further show that NK cells respond via IL-2R-β, which has been shown to be significant for immunity by regulating T cell expansion. Moreover, we demonstrate that blocking NK receptors NKp44 and NKp46 but not NKp30 could abrogate the regulation of proliferation associated with low-dose IL-2. The increase in NK cells was also accompanied by an increase in Treg cells, which is dependent on the presence of CD56bright NK cells. These results not only heighten the importance of NK cells in low-dose IL-2 therapy but also identify key human NK targets, which may provide further insights into the therapeutic mechanisms of low-dose IL-2 in autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. L. McQuaid
- Viral Immunology LaboratorySchool of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community HealthDublin City UniversityDublinIreland
- Mason Technology LtdDublinIreland
| | - S. T. Loughran
- Viral Immunology LaboratorySchool of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community HealthDublin City UniversityDublinIreland
- Department of Applied ScienceDundalk Institute of TechnologyDundalkIreland
| | - P. A. Power
- Viral Immunology LaboratorySchool of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community HealthDublin City UniversityDublinIreland
- Technological University DublinDublinIreland
| | - P. Maguire
- Viral Immunology LaboratorySchool of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community HealthDublin City UniversityDublinIreland
- School of BiotechnologyDublin City UniversityDublinIreland
| | - A. Szczygiel
- Viral Immunology LaboratorySchool of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community HealthDublin City UniversityDublinIreland
| | - P. A. Johnson
- Viral Immunology LaboratorySchool of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community HealthDublin City UniversityDublinIreland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mankarious M, Matthews NC, Snowden JA, Alfred A. Extracorporeal Photopheresis (ECP) and the Potential of Novel Biomarkers in Optimizing Management of Acute and Chronic Graft vs. Host Disease (GvHD). Front Immunol 2020; 11:81. [PMID: 32082329 PMCID: PMC7005102 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As the use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has become a more widespread and effective treatment for hematological malignant and non-malignant conditions, the need to minimize the harmful effects of graft- vs.-host disease (GvHD) has become more important in achieving good outcomes. With diagnosis of GvHD reliant on its clinical manifestations, research into biomarkers for the diagnosis, progression, and even for the prediction of disease, is imperative to combating the high levels of morbidity and mortality post-HSCT. Despite the development of novel treatment approaches to GvHD, corticosteroids remain the standard first-line treatment, with immunosuppressant therapies as second-line options. These strategies however have significant limitations and associated complications. Extracorporeal Photopheresis (ECP) has shown to be effective and safe in treating patients with symptomatic GvHD. ECP has been shown to have varied effects on multiple parts of the immune system and does not appear to increase the risk of relapse or infection in the post HSCT setting. Even so, ECP can be logistically more complex to organize and requires patients to be sufficiently stable. This review aims to summarize the potential role of biomarkers to help guide individualized treatment decisions in patients with acute and chronic GvHD. In relation to ECP, robust biomarkers of GvHD will be highly useful in informing patient selection, intensity and duration of the ECP schedule, monitoring of response and other treatment decisions alongside the concurrent administration of other GvHD therapies. Further research is warranted to establish how GvHD biomarkers are best incorporated into ECP treatment pathways with the goal of tailoring ECP to the needs of individual patients and maximizing benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Mankarious
- Department of Haematology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Nick C Matthews
- Department of Photopheresis, The Rotherham NHS Foundation Trust, Rotherham, United Kingdom
| | - John A Snowden
- Department of Haematology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Arun Alfred
- Department of Haematology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,Department of Photopheresis, The Rotherham NHS Foundation Trust, Rotherham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Oarbeascoa G, Lozano ML, Guerra LM, Amunarriz C, Saavedra CA, Garcia-Gala JM, Viejo A, Revilla N, Acosta Fleitas C, Arroyo JL, Martinez Revuelta E, Galego A, Hernandez-Maraver D, Kwon M, Diez-Martin JL, Pascual C. Retrospective Multicenter Study of Extracorporeal Photopheresis in Steroid-Refractory Acute and Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2020; 26:651-658. [PMID: 31917270 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2019.12.769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is an established treatment strategy in steroid-refractory graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). This study's main objective was to analyze the clinical response and impact of ECP therapy in steroid dose reduction. A retrospective observational series of 113 patients from 7 transplantation centers was analyzed. Sixty-five patients (58%) had acute GVHD (aGVHD), and 48 (42%) had chronic GVHD (cGVHD). All ECP procedures were performed with the off-line system. The median number of procedures until achievement of initial response was 3 for both patients with aGVHD and those with cGVHD. ECP was the second-line therapy in 48% of the aGVHD cases and in 50% of the cGVHD cases. 71% of the cases of aGVHD were grade III-IV, and 69% of the cases of cGVHD were severe. The overall response rate on day 28 was 53% (complete response [CR] rate, 45%) in the patients with aGVHD and 67% (CR, 23%) in those with cGVHD. Skin was the most frequently involved organ, with a response rate of 58% (CR, 49%) in the patients with aGVHD and 69% (CR 29%) in those with cGVHD. At the end of ECP treatment, 60% of patients treated for aGVHD who responded were able to stop steroid therapy, with a median dose reduction of 100%. Significant differences in overall survival were observed for patients responding to ECP with aGVHD (hazard ratio [HR], 4.3; P < .001) and with cGVHD (HR, 4.8; P = .003). Our data indicate that ECP is a valid therapeutic alternative in patients with steroid-refractory aGVHD and cGVHD, permitting significant steroid dosage reductions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gillen Oarbeascoa
- Department of Hematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa Lozano
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain; Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Murcia, Spain; School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biomédica-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Luisa Maria Guerra
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Cristina Amunarriz
- Banco de Sangre y Tejidos de Cantabria-Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Jose Maria Garcia-Gala
- Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Aurora Viejo
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Revilla
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain; Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Murcia, Spain; School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biomédica-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Cynthia Acosta Fleitas
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Arroyo
- Banco de Sangre y Tejidos de Cantabria-Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Eva Martinez Revuelta
- Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Andrea Galego
- Department of Hematology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Mi Kwon
- Department of Hematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Diez-Martin
- Department of Hematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain; School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Pascual
- Department of Hematology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cid J, Carbassé G, Suárez-Lledó M, Moreno DF, Martínez C, Gutiérrez-García G, Fernández-Avilés F, Rosiñol L, Giavedoni P, Mascaró JM, Agustí C, Marín P, Rovira M, Urbano-Ispizua Á, Lozano M. Efficacy and safety of one-day offline extracorporeal photopheresis schedule processing one total blood volume for treating patients with graft-versus-host disease. Transfusion 2019; 59:2636-2642. [PMID: 31135994 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) has been increasingly used as a second-line therapy for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) but there is no consensus regarding the best therapeutic schedule. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Our offline ECP schedule for treating patients with GVHD was retrospectively reviewed. Patients with acute GVHD were treated on 2 days per week for the first 2 weeks, followed by 1 day per week for 2 more weeks. After the first month of treatment, patients received treatment 1 day every 2 weeks for a minimum of 16 ECP procedures. Patients with chronic GVHD were treated on 1 day per week for 4 weeks followed by 1 day every 2 weeks for a minimum of 14 ECP procedures. RESULTS Our series comprises 21 (45%) patients with acute GVHD and 26 (55%) patients with chronic GVHD who received 667 ECP procedures. A median (interquartile range [IQR]) of 1.0 (1.0-1.12) total blood volume was processed. Patients with acute and chronic GVHD received ECP procedures during a median of 49 (IQR, 14-103) and 180 (IQR, 111-274) days, respectively. Mild citrate-induced symptoms were present in 98 (46%) and 232 (51%) procedures in patients with acute and chronic GVHD, respectively. Overall response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS) were 57 and 38% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17%-59%), respectively, for patients with acute GVHD. For patients with chronic GVHD, ORR and OS were 77 and 61% (95% CI, 18%-87%), respectively. CONCLUSION Our new offline ECP schedule for treating patients with acute and chronic GVHD was efficacious and safe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Cid
- Apheresis & Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Hemotherapy and Hemostasis ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d''Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,GVHD and Long-Term Follow-up Unit, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gloria Carbassé
- Apheresis & Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Hemotherapy and Hemostasis ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Suárez-Lledó
- GVHD and Long-Term Follow-up Unit, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David F Moreno
- Apheresis & Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Hemotherapy and Hemostasis ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,GVHD and Long-Term Follow-up Unit, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez
- Institut d''Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,GVHD and Long-Term Follow-up Unit, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Gutiérrez-García
- Institut d''Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,GVHD and Long-Term Follow-up Unit, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Fernández-Avilés
- Institut d''Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,GVHD and Long-Term Follow-up Unit, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Rosiñol
- Institut d''Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,GVHD and Long-Term Follow-up Unit, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Priscila Giavedoni
- GVHD and Long-Term Follow-up Unit, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Dermatology ICMiD, ICMiD, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Mascaró
- GVHD and Long-Term Follow-up Unit, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Dermatology ICMiD, ICMiD, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Agustí
- GVHD and Long-Term Follow-up Unit, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pneumology and Respiratory Allergy, ICR, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Marín
- GVHD and Long-Term Follow-up Unit, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Rovira
- Institut d''Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,GVHD and Long-Term Follow-up Unit, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Urbano-Ispizua
- Institut d''Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,GVHD and Long-Term Follow-up Unit, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Lozano
- Apheresis & Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Hemotherapy and Hemostasis ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d''Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,GVHD and Long-Term Follow-up Unit, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology ICMHO, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ni M, Wang L, Yang M, Neuber B, Sellner L, Hückelhoven-Krauss A, Schubert ML, Luft T, Hegenbart U, Schönland S, Wuchter P, Chen BA, Eckstein V, Krüger W, Yerushalmi R, Beider K, Nagler A, Müller-Tidow C, Dreger P, Schmitt M, Schmitt A. Shaping of CD56 bri Natural Killer Cells in Patients With Steroid-Refractory/Resistant Acute Graft-vs.-Host Disease via Extracorporeal Photopheresis. Front Immunol 2019; 10:547. [PMID: 30949182 PMCID: PMC6436423 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CD56bri natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of graft-vs. -host disease (GVHD) and immune defense in the early period after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) as an immunomodulating therapy has been widely used for GVHD treatment. However, the mechanism of action of ECP still remains to be elucidated, particularly the influence of ECP on NK cells. Thirty-four patients with steroid-refractory/resistant acute GVHD (aGVHD) ≥ °II and moderate to severe chronic GVHD (cGVHD) received ECP therapy. Patient samples obtained during intensive and long-term treatment were analyzed. Immunomonitoring with respect to cell phenotype and function was performed on rested peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using multiparametric flow cytometry. NK activity in terms of cytokine release was analyzed by intracellular cytokine staining after co-culture with K562 cells. Moreover, the proliferative capacity of NK cells, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells was determined by carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) staining. Clinically, 75% of aGVHD and 78% of cGVHD patients responded to ECP therapy. Moreover, our data show that aGVHD, cGVHD patients and healthy donors (HDs) present distinct NK patterns: aGVHD patients have a higher frequency of CD56bri NK subsets with stronger NKG2D and CD62L expression, while CD56−CD16+ NK cells with higher expression of CD57 and CD11b stand out as a signature population for cGVHD. ECP therapy could significantly decrease CD56briCD16− NK cells with shifting the quality from a cytotoxic to a regulatory pattern and additionally mature CD56dim NK cells via upregulation of CD57 in complete responding aGVHD patients. Moreover, ECP could keep the anti-viral and anti-leukemic effects intact via maintaining specialized anti-viral/leukemic CD57+NKG2C+CD56dim NK cells as well as remaining the quality and quantity of cytokine release by NK cells. The proliferative capacity of effector cells remained constant over ECP therapy. In conclusion, ECP represents an attractive option to treat GVHD without compromising anti-viral/leukemic effects. Shaping of CD56bri NK cell compartment by downregulating the cytotoxic subset while upregulating the regulatory subset contributes to the mechanisms of ECP therapy in aGVHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ni
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mingya Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Neuber
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leopold Sellner
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Maria-Luisa Schubert
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Luft
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ute Hegenbart
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Schönland
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Wuchter
- German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Wuerttemberg-Hessen, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bao-An Chen
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Volker Eckstein
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - William Krüger
- Department of Internal Medicine C, Hematology, Oncology, Stem Cell Transplantation, Palliative Care, University Clinic Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ronit Yerushalmi
- Hematology Division, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Katia Beider
- Hematology Division, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Hematology Division, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Dreger
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Schmitt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anita Schmitt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Laulhé M, Lefebvre S, Le Broc-Ryckewaert D, Pierre M, Ferry A, Delorme B. A standardized methodical approach to characterize the influence of key parameters on the in vitro efficacy of extracorporeal photopheresis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212835. [PMID: 30822323 PMCID: PMC6396964 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is an autologous immunomodulatory cell therapy that consists of the ex vivo collection of mononuclear cells (MNCs), which are irradiated with UVA in the presence of the photosensitizing agent 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) to induce cell apoptosis. This photoactivated cell preparation is then reinfused into the patient. While the clinical benefits of ECP are well-demonstrated, no study has yet characterized the influence of variations in the composition of the cell preparation on the efficacy of ECP in vitro. Here, we describe a standardized methodology for the in vitro assessment of ECP that uses the human lymphoma T-cell line and mimics the clinical procedure. By quantifying cell apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation, and 8-MOP consumption, we used this approach to characterize the specific influence of key variables on the cellular response to ECP. We found that (i) increases in hematocrit and plasma concentrations attenuated the cellular response to ECP; (ii) plasma concentration was the only variable tested that influenced 8-MOP consumption; and (iii) the loss of efficacy due to variations in the concentration of certain blood components could be counteracted by modulating the UVA dose. This methodology may enable evaluation of other leukapheresis preparation protocols and better determination of the optimal working parameters for ECP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Laulhé
- MacoPharma, Biotherapy Division, Rue Lorthiois, Mouvaux, France
| | - Sylvie Lefebvre
- MacoPharma, Biotherapy Division, Rue Lorthiois, Mouvaux, France
| | | | - Maxime Pierre
- MacoPharma, Biotherapy Division, Rue Lorthiois, Mouvaux, France
| | - Aurélie Ferry
- MacoPharma, Biotherapy Division, Rue Lorthiois, Mouvaux, France
| | - Bruno Delorme
- MacoPharma, Biotherapy Division, Rue Lorthiois, Mouvaux, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|