Vessel rejection secondary to human leucocyte antigen antibodies directed against the arterial conduit following pancreas transplantation from a separate donor

Third-party vessel allografts in kidney and pancreas transplantation: Utilization, de novo DSAs, and outcomes

Third-party vascular allografts (VAs) are an invaluable resource in kidney and pancreas transplantation when vascular reconstruction is needed and additional vessels from the organ donor are not available. We report the largest single-center experience to date on VA use, at a high-volume U.S. transplant center. Over a 7-year period, VAs were used for vascular reconstruction of 65 kidneys and 5 pancreases, in 69 recipients. The renal vein required reconstruction more often with right kidney transplantation (72.5% vs 27.5%, P < .001), and the renal artery required reconstruction more often with left kidney transplantation (67.6% vs 32.4%, P = .003). Eleven patients (15.9%) developed anti-VA de novo HLA donor-specific antibodies (dnDSAs) at a median time after transplantation of 19.0 months. Higher number of HLA mismatches between the VA donor and the recipient, and development of anti-organ allograft dnDSAs were significant predictors of anti-VA dnDSA development. Those with anti-VA dnDSAs had a higher rate of organ allograft rejection (45.4% vs 13.8%, P = .03) compared to those without, but there was no significant difference in incidence of vascular complications or graft outcomes. VAs can help circumvent challenging surgical situations. Anti-VA dnDSAs do not adversely affect organ allograft outcomes; however, they can contribute to HLA sensitization in the recipients.