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Villeret F, Dharancy S, Erard D, Abergel A, Barbier L, Besch C, Boillot O, Boudjema K, Coilly A, Conti F, Corpechot C, Duvoux C, Faitot F, Faure S, Francoz C, Giostra E, Gugenheim J, Hardwigsen J, Hilleret M, Hiriart J, Houssel‐Debry P, Kamar N, Lassailly G, Latournerie M, Pageaux G, Samuel D, Vanlemmens C, Saliba F, Dumortier J. Liver transplantation for NAFLD cirrhosis: Age and recent coronary angioplasty are major determinants of survival. Liver Int 2022; 42:2428-2441. [PMID: 35924452 PMCID: PMC9804523 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Liver transplantation (LT) is the treatment of end-stage non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD), that is decompensated cirrhosis and/or complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Few data on long-term outcome are available. The aim of this study was to evaluate overall patient and graft survivals and associated predictive factors. METHOD This retrospective multicentre study included adult transplant patients for NAFLD cirrhosis between 2000 and 2019 in participating French-speaking centres. RESULTS A total of 361 patients (69.8% of male) were included in 20 centres. The median age at LT was 62.3 years [57.4-65.9] and the median MELD score was 13.9 [9.1-21.3]; 51.8% of patients had HCC on liver explant. Between 2004 and 2018, the number of LT for NAFLD cirrhosis increased by 720%. A quarter of the patients had cardiovascular history before LT. Median follow-up after LT was 39.1 months [15.8-72.3]. Patient survival at 1, 5 and 10 years after LT was 89.3%, 79.8% and 68.1% respectively. The main causes of death were sepsis (37.5%), malignancies (29.2%) and cardiovascular events (22.2%). In multivariate analysis, three risk factors for overall mortality after LT were recipient pre-LT BMI < 32 kg/m2 at LT time (OR: 2.272; p = .012), pre-LT angioplasty during CV check-up (OR: 2.916; p = .016), a combined donor and recipient age over 135 years (OR: 2.020; 95%CI: p = .035). CONCLUSION Survival after LT for NAFLD cirrhosis is good at 5 years. Donor and recipient age, and cardiovascular history, are major prognostic factors to consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Villeret
- Service d'hépatologie et de transplantation hépatiqueHôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de LyonLyonFrance,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance
| | - Sébastien Dharancy
- Service des Maladies de l'Appareil DigestifHôpital Claude Huriez, CHRU LilleLilleFrance
| | - Domitille Erard
- Service d'hépatologie et de transplantation hépatiqueHôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de LyonLyonFrance,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance
| | - Armand Abergel
- Département de Médecine digestiveCHU EstaingClermont‐FerrandFrance
| | - Louise Barbier
- Service de chirurgie digestive, oncologique et Transplantation hépatiqueHôpital Trousseau, CHU ToursToursFrance
| | - Camille Besch
- Service de chirurgie hépato‐bilio‐pancréatique et transplantation hépatiqueCHRU HautepierreStrasbourgFrance
| | - Olivier Boillot
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance,Fédération des Spécialités DigestivesHôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices civils de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Karim Boudjema
- Service de chirurgie hépatobiliaire et digestive et des maladies du foieHôpital Universitaire de PontchaillouRennesFrance
| | - Audrey Coilly
- Centre Hépato‐BiliaireHôpital Paul Brousse, AP‐HP, Université Paris Saclay, Unité Inserm 1193VillejuifFrance
| | - Filomena Conti
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Hépato‐Biliaire et de Transplantation HépatiqueHôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, AP‐HPParisFrance
| | | | | | - François Faitot
- Service de chirurgie hépato‐bilio‐pancréatique et transplantation hépatiqueCHRU HautepierreStrasbourgFrance
| | - Stéphanie Faure
- Département d'hépatologie et transplantation hépatiqueCHU Saint EloiMontpellierFrance
| | - Claire Francoz
- Service d'Hépatologie et Transplantation HépatiqueHôpital Beaujon, APHPClichyFrance
| | - Emiliano Giostra
- Service de Gastroentérologie et HépatologieHôpitaux Universitaires de GenèveGenèveSwitzerland
| | - Jean Gugenheim
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive et de Transplantation HépatiqueCHU Archet IINiceFrance
| | - Jean Hardwigsen
- Service chirurgie générale et transplantation hépatiqueHôpital La Timone, APHMMarseilleFrance
| | | | | | - Pauline Houssel‐Debry
- Service de chirurgie hépatobiliaire et digestive et des maladies du foieHôpital Universitaire de PontchaillouRennesFrance
| | - Nassim Kamar
- Département de Néphrologie et Transplantation d'OrganesCHU RangueilToulouseFrance
| | - Guillaume Lassailly
- Service des Maladies de l'Appareil DigestifHôpital Claude Huriez, CHRU LilleLilleFrance
| | | | | | - Didier Samuel
- Centre Hépato‐BiliaireHôpital Paul Brousse, AP‐HP, Université Paris Saclay, Unité Inserm 1193VillejuifFrance
| | - Claire Vanlemmens
- Service d'Hépatologie et Soins Intensifs DigestifsHôpital Jean MinjozBesançonFrance
| | - Faouzi Saliba
- Centre Hépato‐BiliaireHôpital Paul Brousse, AP‐HP, Université Paris Saclay, Unité Inserm 1193VillejuifFrance
| | - Jérôme Dumortier
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance,Fédération des Spécialités DigestivesHôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices civils de LyonLyonFrance
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Ahmed Z, Khan MA, Vazquez-Montesino LM, Ahmed A. Bariatric surgery, obesity and liver transplantation. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 7:25. [PMID: 35892056 PMCID: PMC9257534 DOI: 10.21037/tgh-2020-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The obesity epidemic has profoundly impacted the epidemiology and trends of liver disease. In the current era, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progressing to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has emerged as the second leading indication for liver transplant (LT) and has been associated with the rising rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with and without underlying cirrhosis. Obesity has been associated with poor post-transplant outcomes including lower patient and graft survival; higher risk of post-operative metabolic complications; poor wound healing; and higher infection rates. Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective management of morbid obesity and has been offered to patients both in the pre and post LT setting. The techniques attempted in LT recipients most commonly include sleeve gastrectomy (SG), gastric bypass surgery with few cases of gastric banding and biliopancreatic diversion. However, there is lack of evidence-based data on the optimal management for patients with obesity and who are liver transplant candidates and/or recipients. In the following discussion, we present the highlights from a review of the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Ali Khan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Alabama Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Aijaz Ahmed
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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3
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Heda R, Kovalic AJ, Satapathy SK. Peritransplant Renal Dysfunction in Liver Transplant Candidates. Clin Liver Dis 2022; 26:255-268. [PMID: 35487609 DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Renal function is intricately tied to Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score and overall prognosis among patients with cirrhosis. The estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and etiology of renal impairment are even more magnified among cirrhotic patients in the period surrounding liver transplantation. Novel biomarkers including cystatin C and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin have been demonstrated to more accurately assess renal dysfunction and aid in the diagnosis of competing etiologies. Accurately identifying the severity and chronicity of renal dysfunction among transplant candidates is an imperative component with respect to stratifying patients toward simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation versus liver transplantation alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Heda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Alexander J Kovalic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Sanjaya K Satapathy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hepatology, Sandra Atlas Bass Center for Liver Diseases and Transplantation, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, 400 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.
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Liver Transplantation in Recipients With Class III Obesity: Posttransplant Outcomes and Weight Gain. Transplant Direct 2022; 8:e1242. [PMID: 35018300 PMCID: PMC8735757 DOI: 10.1097/txd.0000000000001242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. There has been a dramatic increase in obesity in the United States. Several studies have reported conflicting results for the impact of obesity on outcomes of liver transplantation (LT). This study aims to assess the impact of obesity on LT and changes in body mass index (BMI) after transplantation. Methods. All adult LTs performed at Indiana University between 2001 and 2018 were reviewed. BMIs of recipients were subdivided into 6 categories. Survival outcomes were compared across the subgroup. BMI was followed up in a cohort of patients from 2008 to 2018. Results. Among 2024 patients, 25% were in class I obesity, 9.3% were in class II obesity, and 1.1% were in class III obesity. There was no significant difference in patient and graft survival at 10-y follow-up with respect to BMI. Among 1004 patients in the subgroup, BMI of all groups except the underweight group declined in the first 3 mo postoperatively; however, the BMI of all groups except the class III obesity group returned to the pre-LT level by 2 y and reached a plateau by 5 y. In the class III obesity group, there was a significant increase in body weight at 5 y. Conclusions. Class III obesity was not associated with higher mortality in our cohort. Because our cohort is small, it may be underpowered to detect a smaller difference in outcome. From our observation, obesity should not be considered a contraindication for LT. Post-LT interventions are required to prevent significant weight gain for the class III obesity group.
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5
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Villeret F, Dumortier J, Erard-Poinsot D. How will NAFLD change the liver transplant landscape in the 2020s? Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2022; 46:101759. [PMID: 34311133 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2021.101759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Liver steatosis is the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, and is now the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. The treatment of metabolic cirrhosis with liver failure and/or hepatocellular carcinoma is liver transplantation (LT). During the past decade, metabolic cirrhosis represented an increasing cause for LT, especially in the United States. At listing, patients with metabolic cirrhosis are older, with numerous cardiovascular (CV) and renal comorbidities, and this requires multidisciplinary pre-transplant assessment. After LT, 5-year survival is similar to other indications. The leading causes of death are infectious, cancers and CV. The recurrence of the initial disease is very frequent, and a significant part of the patients progress towards graft cirrhosis. No specific immunosuppressive regimen is recommended, but the toxicity profiles must probably be taken into account. In these patients, the only etiological treatment is that of obesity, in the absence of specific therapy for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The place of bariatric surgery has to be defined, probably sleeve gastrectomy, in a stable patient, 6-12 months after LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Villeret
- Hepatology Department, Croix Rousse Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Jérôme Dumortier
- Hepatogastroenterology Department, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
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Ivanics T, Abreu P, De Martin E, Sapisochin G. Changing Trends in Liver Transplantation: Challenges and Solutions. Transplantation 2021; 105:743-756. [PMID: 32910093 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite improvements in postliver transplant outcomes through refinements in perioperative management and surgical techniques, several changing trends in liver transplantation have presented challenges. Mortality on the waitlist remains high. In the United States, Europe, and the United Kingdom, there is an increasing need for liver transplantation, primarily as a result of increased incidence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related cirrhosis and cancer indications. Meanwhile, donor suitability has decreased, as donors are often older and have more comorbidities. Despite a mismatch between organ need and availability, many organs are discarded. Notwithstanding this, many solutions have been developed to overcome these challenges. Innovative techniques in allograft preservation, viability assessment, and reconditioning have allowed the use of suboptimal organs with adequate results. Refinements in surgical procedures, including live donor liver transplantations, have increased the organ pool and are decreasing the time and mortality on the waitlist. Despite many challenges, a similar number of solutions and prospects are on the horizon. This review seeks to explore the changing trends and challenges in liver transplantation and highlight possible solutions and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommy Ivanics
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Phillipe Abreu
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eleonora De Martin
- APHP, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Centre Hépato-Biliaire, INSERM 1193, Université Paris-Sud, DHU Hepatinov, Villejuif, France
| | - Gonzalo Sapisochin
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Bari K, Sharma P. Optimizing the Selection of Patients for Simultaneous Liver-Kidney Transplant. Clin Liver Dis 2021; 25:89-102. [PMID: 33978585 DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation has increased significantly in the Model for End Stage Liver Disease era. The transplantation policy has evolved significantly since the implementation of allocation based on the Model for End Stage Liver Disease. Current policy takes into account the medical eligibility criteria for simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation listing. It also provides a safety net option and prioritizes kidney transplant after liver transplant recipients who are unlikely to recover their renal function within 60 to 365 days after liver transplant alone. This review seeks to understand the underlying challenges in carefully selecting the candidates while optimizing the patient selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurram Bari
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML 0595, MSB 7259, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Pratima Sharma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, 3912 Taubman Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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8
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Smith NK, Zerillo J, Kim SJ, Efune GE, Wang C, Pai SL, Chadha R, Kor TM, Wetzel DR, Hall MA, Burton KK, Fukazawa K, Hill B, Spad MA, Wax DB, Lin HM, Liu X, Odeh J, Torsher L, Kindscher JD, Mandell MS, Sakai T, DeMaria S. Intraoperative Cardiac Arrest During Adult Liver Transplantation: Incidence and Risk Factor Analysis From 7 Academic Centers in the United States. Anesth Analg 2021; 132:130-139. [PMID: 32167977 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000004734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraoperative cardiac arrest (ICA) has a reported frequency of 1 in 10,000 anesthetics but has a much higher estimated incidence in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Single-center studies of ICA in OLT are limited by small sample size that prohibits multivariable regression analysis of risks. METHODS Utilizing data from 7 academic medical centers, we performed a retrospective, observational study of 5296 adult liver transplant recipients (18-80 years old) between 2000 and 2017 to identify the rate of ICA, associated risk factors, and outcomes. RESULTS ICA occurred in 196 cases (3.7% 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.2-4.2) and mortality occurred in 62 patients (1.2%). The intraoperative mortality rate was 31.6% in patients who experienced ICA. In a multivariable generalized linear mixed model, ICA was associated with body mass index (BMI) <20 (odds ratio [OR]: 2.04, 95% CI, 1.05-3.98; P = .0386), BMI ≥40 (2.16 [1.12-4.19]; P = .022), Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score: (MELD 30-39: 1.75 [1.09-2.79], P = .02; MELD ≥40: 2.73 [1.53-4.85], P = .001), postreperfusion syndrome (PRS) (3.83 [2.75-5.34], P < .001), living donors (2.13 [1.16-3.89], P = .014), and reoperation (1.87 [1.13-3.11], P = .015). Overall 30-day and 1-year mortality were 4.18% and 11.0%, respectively. After ICA, 30-day and 1-year mortality were 43.9% and 52%, respectively, compared to 2.6% and 9.3% without ICA. CONCLUSIONS We established a 3.7% incidence of ICA and a 1.2% incidence of intraoperative mortality in liver transplantation and confirmed previously identified risk factors for ICA including BMI, MELD score, PRS, and reoperation and identified new risk factors including living donor and length of surgery in this multicenter retrospective cohort. ICA, while rare, is associated with high intraoperative mortality, and future research must focus on therapy to reduce the incidence of ICA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie K Smith
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York
| | - Jeron Zerillo
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York
| | - Sang Jo Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York
| | - Guy E Efune
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Cynthia Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sher-Lu Pai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Ryan Chadha
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Todd M Kor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - David R Wetzel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Michael A Hall
- Department of Anesthesiology, Christiana Care Health System, Newark, Delaware
| | - Kristen K Burton
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kyota Fukazawa
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Bryan Hill
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - David B Wax
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York
| | - Hung-Mo Lin
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Jaffer Odeh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Laurence Torsher
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - James D Kindscher
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - M Susan Mandell
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, Colorado.,The Center for Perioperative & Pain Quality, Safety and Outcomes-PPQiSO, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Tetsuro Sakai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Samuel DeMaria
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York
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9
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Yodoshi T, Arce-Clachar AC, Sun Q, Fei L, Bramlage K, Xanthakos SA, Flores F, Mouzaki M. Glomerular Hyperfiltration Is Associated with Liver Disease Severity in Children with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Pediatr 2020; 222:127-133. [PMID: 32381466 PMCID: PMC8218655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of renal impairment in a large cohort of youths with histologically confirmed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and to determine its association with liver disease severity. STUDY DESIGN Clinical, laboratory, and histology data were collected retrospectively in a pediatric cohort with biopsy-confirmed NAFLD at a tertiary care center between 2010 and 2017. Histological NAFLD severity was scored using validated criteria. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated and categorized as low (<90 mL/min/1.73 m2), normal (90-136 mL/min/1.73 m2), or high (>136 mL/min/1.73 m2). Univariate and multivariate modeling were used to determine differences between the GFR groups and to control for confounders. RESULTS The cohort comprised 179 patients (82% non-Hispanic; median age; 14 years; IQR, 12-16 years). One-third of the patients had abnormal renal function, including 36 (20%) with glomerular hyperfiltration and 26 (15%) with low GFR. In multivariable logistic regression, compared with normal GFR, hyperfiltration was independently associated with higher NAFLD activity score (aOR, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.49-5.87; P = .002), after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, obesity severity, presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and medications. CONCLUSIONS In this large cohort with histologically confirmed NAFLD, renal impairment was highly prevalent and associated with liver disease severity, independent of obesity severity. Screening patients with confirmed NAFLD for renal complication is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Yodoshi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Ana Catalina Arce-Clachar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Qin Sun
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Lin Fei
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH,Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Kristin Bramlage
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Stavra A. Xanthakos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Francisco Flores
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH,Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Marialena Mouzaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH.
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10
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Maiwall R, Gupta M. Peri-transplant renal dysfunction in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis undergoing liver transplantation. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 5:18. [PMID: 32258522 DOI: 10.21037/tgh.2019.10.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common etiology of chronic liver disease (CLD) caused by an accumulation of fat in the liver and globally is the leading indication of liver transplantation. Emerging data has recognized an increased association of NAFLD with risk of other metabolic liver diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular diseases. Pathophysiologically, NAFLD patients have a state of low-grade systemic inflammation, insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemia which causes renal dysfunction. Patients with NAFLD cirrhosis awaiting liver transplant (LT) face unique challenges and have a significantly higher requirement of simultaneous-liver-kidney transplant as compared to other etiologies. Further, NAFLD not only recurs but also occurs as a de novo manifestation post-LT. There is also a significantly higher risk of waiting list stagnation and dropouts due to burdensome cardiometabolic disorders in NAFLD patients. The current review aims to understand the prevalence and pathogenetic basis of renal dysfunction in NAFLD. Additionally, the review describes the choice of immunosuppression protocols and use of intraoperative renal replacement therapy in context of intra and post-operative renal dysfunction in NAFLD patients. Prospective controlled trials focusing on NAFLD and development of CKD are needed to assess the existence of a causal and/or a bidirectional relationship between NAFLD and CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Maiwall
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manasvi Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Hartford, CT, USA
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