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Fan HN, Zhao ZM, Huang K, Wang XN, Dai YK, Liu CH. Serum metabolomics characteristics and fatty-acid-related mechanism of cirrhosis with histological response in chronic hepatitis B. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1329266. [PMID: 38178856 PMCID: PMC10764421 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1329266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: The serum metabolites changes in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related cirrhosis as progression. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is closely related to lipid metabolism in cirrhotic liver. However, the relationship between fatty acids and the expression of hepatic PPARγ during cirrhosis regression remains unknown. In this study, we explored the serum metabolic characteristics and expression of PPARγ in patients with histological response to treatment with entecavir. Methods: Sixty patients with HBV-related cirrhosis were selected as the training cohort with thirty patients each in the regression (R) group and non-regression (NR) group based on their pathological changes after 48-week treatment with entecavir. Another 72 patients with HBV-related cirrhosis and treated with entecavir were collected as the validation cohort. All of the serum samples were tested using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Data were processed through principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis. Hepatic PPARγ expression was observed using immunohistochemistry. The relationship between serum fatty acids and PPARγ was calculated using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation analysis. Results: A total of 189 metabolites were identified and 13 differential metabolites were screened. Compared to the non-regression group, the serum level of fatty acids was higher in the R group. At baseline, the expression of PPARγ in hepatic stellate cells was positively correlated with adrenic acid (r 2 = 0.451, p = 0.046). The expression of PPARγ in both groups increased after treatment, and the expression of PPARγ in the R group was restored in HSCs much more than that in the NR group (p = 0.042). The adrenic acid and arachidonic acid (AA) in the R group also upgraded more than the NR group after treatment (p = 0.037 and 0.014). Conclusion: Baseline serum differential metabolites, especially fatty acids, were identified in patients with HBV-related cirrhosis patients who achieved cirrhosis regression. Upregulation of adrenic acid and arachidonic acid in serum and re-expression of PPARγ in HSCs may play a crucial role in liver fibrosis improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Na Fan
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Min Zhao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Kai Dai
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Hai Liu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai, China
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2
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Schmidt T, Meller S, Meyerhoff N, Twele F, Zanghi B, Volk HA. A six-month prospective, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover, dietary trial design to investigate the potential of psychobiotics on seizure semiology and comorbidities in canine epilepsy: study protocol. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:57. [PMID: 36864510 PMCID: PMC9983181 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03609-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is the most common chronic neurological disease in dogs. More than two-thirds of these patients suffer from associated behavioural comorbidities. The latter could have their origin in partially overlapping pathomechanisms, with the intestinal microbiome as a potential key link between them. The current arsenal of drugs for epilepsy management remains limited. Most canine patients continue to have seizures despite treatment and the occurrence of comorbidities is not sufficiently addressed, limiting quality of life of affected dogs and owners. Therefore, novel additional epilepsy management options are urgently needed. The microbiome-gut-brain axis may serve as a new target for the development of innovative multimodal therapeutic approaches to overcome current shortcomings in epilepsy management. METHODS A six-month prospective, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover, dietary trial was designed to investigate the potential of the psychobiotic Bifidobacterium longum on behavioural comorbidities in canine epilepsy. Seizure semiology will be evaluated as a secondary outcome measure. Thirty-four privately owned dogs are planned to be included in the ongoing study meeting the following inclusion criteria: Dogs displaying increased anxiety/fear behaviour since the start of the idiopathic epilepsy. Tier II confidence level of the International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force for the diagnosis of idiopathic epilepsy, with a maximum seizure interval of 3 month and a minimum of three generalised seizures within that period and chronically treated with at least one antiseizure drug without improvement in seizure frequency Each dog will receive the allocated supplement (probiotic vs. placebo) alongside its normal diet for a 3-month period. After a three-week wash out period, the second phase starts by administering the respective other supplement for another 3 months. DISCUSSION The current study considers modern high-quality standards for epilepsy medication trials. Common biasing effects should be limited to a possible minimum (regression-to-the mean effect, placebo effect, observer effect), ensuring a high validity and accuracy of the acquired results, thus enabling a representative nature of the efficacy of Bifidobacterium longum as add-on supplement for dogs suffering from epilepsy and its comorbidities. This publication should provide a description of the study procedure and data acquisition methods, including prognosed statistical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Schmidt
- grid.412970.90000 0001 0126 6191Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian Meller
- grid.412970.90000 0001 0126 6191Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nina Meyerhoff
- grid.412970.90000 0001 0126 6191Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Friederike Twele
- grid.412970.90000 0001 0126 6191Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Brian Zanghi
- Research and Development, Nestlé Purina PetCare, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Holger Andreas Volk
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany. .,Centre for Systems Neuroscience, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
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3
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Ottka C, Vapalahti K, Arlt SP, Bartel A, Lohi H. The metabolic differences of anestrus, heat, pregnancy, pseudopregnancy, and lactation in 800 female dogs. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1105113. [PMID: 36816179 PMCID: PMC9932911 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1105113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Reproduction causes major hormonal and physiological changes to the female body. However, the metabolic changes occurring during canine reproduction are scarcely studied. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we assessed the metabolic effects of canine reproductive status using a 1H NMR metabolomics platform optimized and validated for canine use. The study population consisted of a total of 837 healthy, intact female dogs in breeding age, of which 663 dogs were in anestrus, 78 in heat, 43 were pseudopregnant, 15 were pregnant, and 38 were lactating. The differences in metabolite profiles between these states were studied by the Kruskal-Wallis test with post-hoc tests performed using the Dunn's test, and visualized by box plots and a heatmap. The ability of the metabolite profile to differentiate pregnant dogs from non-pregnant ones was assessed by creating a multivariate Firth logistic regression model using forward stepwise selection. Results Lactation, pregnancy and heat all were associated with distinct metabolic changes; pregnancy caused major changes in the concentrations of glycoprotein acetyls, albumin and creatinine, and smaller changes in several lipids, citrate, glutamine, and alanine. Pseudopregnancy, on the other hand, metabolically largely resembled anestrus. Lactation caused major changes in amino acid concentrations and smaller changes in several lipids, albumin, citrate, creatinine, and glycoprotein acetyls. Heat, referring to proestrus and estrus, affected cholesterol and LDL metabolism, and increased HDL particle size. Albumin and glycoprotein acetyls were the metabolites included in the final multivariate model for pregnancy detection, and could differentiate pregnant dogs from non-pregnant ones with excellent sensitivity and specificity. Discussion These results increase our understanding of the metabolic consequences of canine reproduction, with the possibility of improving maternal health and ensuring reproductive success. The identified metabolites could be used for confirming canine pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ottka
- PetBiomics Ltd., Helsinki, Finland,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland,*Correspondence: Claudia Ottka ✉
| | - Katariina Vapalahti
- PetBiomics Ltd., Helsinki, Finland,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sebastian P. Arlt
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Bartel
- Institute for Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hannes Lohi
- PetBiomics Ltd., Helsinki, Finland,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
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4
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Arlt SP, Ottka C, Lohi H, Hinderer J, Lüdeke J, Müller E, Weber C, Kohn B, Bartel A. Metabolomics during canine pregnancy and lactation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284570. [PMID: 37163464 PMCID: PMC10171673 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy and parturition, female dogs have to cope with various challenges such as providing nutrients for the growth of the fetuses, hormonal changes, whelping, nursing, milk production, and uterine involution. Metabolomic research has been used to characterize the influence of several factors on metabolism such as inter- and intra-individual factors, feeding, aging, inter-breed differences, drug action, behavior, exercise, genetic factors, neuter status, and pathologic processes. Aim of this study was to identify metabolites showing specific changes in blood serum at the different phases of pregnancy and lactation. In total, 27 privately owned female dogs of 21 different breeds were sampled at six time points: during heat, in early, mid and late pregnancy, at the suspected peak of lactation and after weaning. A validated and highly automated canine-specific NMR metabolomics technology was utilized to quantitate 123 measurands. It was evaluated which metabolite concentrations showed significant changes between the different time points. Metabolites were then grouped into five clusters based on concentration patterns and biochemical relationships between the metabolites: high in mid-pregnancy, low in mid-pregnancy, high in late pregnancy, high in lactation, and low in lactation. Several metabolites such as albumin, glycoprotein acetyls, fatty acids, lipoproteins, glucose, and some amino acids show similar patterns during pregnancy and lactation as shown in humans. The patterns of some other parameters such as branched-chain amino acids, alanine and histidine seem to differ between these species. For most metabolites, it is yet unstudied whether the observed changes arise from modified resorption from the intestines, modified production, or metabolism in the maternal or fetal tissues. Hence, further species-specific metabolomic research may support a broader understanding of the physiological changes caused by pregnancy that are likely to be key for the normal fetal growth and development. Our findings provide a baseline of normal metabolic changes during healthy canine pregnancy and parturition. Combined with future metabolomics findings, they may help monitor vital functions of pre-, intra-, and post-partum bitches and may allow early detection of illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian P Arlt
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Hannes Lohi
- PetBiomics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janna Hinderer
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Lüdeke
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Barbara Kohn
- Clinic for Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Bartel
- Institute for Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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5
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Berk BA, Ottka C, Hong Law T, Packer RMA, Wessmann A, Bathen-Nöthen A, Jokinen TS, Knebel A, Tipold A, Lohi H, Volk HA. Metabolic fingerprinting of dogs with idiopathic epilepsy receiving a ketogenic medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:935430. [PMID: 36277072 PMCID: PMC9584307 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.935430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) has been shown to improve seizure control, reduce behavioural comorbidities and improve cognitive function in epileptic dogs. However, the exact metabolic pathways affected by dietary MCT remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to identify changes in the metabolome and neurotransmitters levels relevant to epilepsy and behavioural comorbidities associated with the consuming of an MCT supplement (MCT-DS) in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE). Metabolic alterations induced by a commercial MCT-DS in a population of 28 dogs with IE were evaluated in a 6-month multi-centre, prospective, randomised, double-blinded, controlled cross-over trial design. A metabolic energy requirement-based amount of 9% MCT or control oil was supplemented to the dogs' stable base diet for 3 months, followed by the alternative oil for another 3 months. A validated, quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy platform was applied to pre- and postprandially collected serum samples to compare the metabolic profile between both DS and baseline. Furthermore, alterations in urinary neurotransmitter levels were explored. Five dogs (30%) had an overall reduction in seizure frequency of ≥50%, and were classified as MCT-responders, while 23 dogs showed a ≤50% reduction, and were defined as MCT non-responders. Amino-acid metabolism was significantly influenced by MCT consumption compared to the control oil. While the serum concentrations of total fatty acids appeared similar during both supplements, the relative concentrations of individual fatty acids differed. During MCT supplementation, the concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids and arachidonic acid were significantly higher than under the control oil. β-Hydroxybutyric acid levels were significantly higher under MCT supplementation. In total, four out of nine neurotransmitters were significantly altered: a significantly increased γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration was detected during the MCT-phase accompanied by a significant shift of the GABA-glutamate balance. MCT-Responders had significantly lowered urinary concentrations of histamine, glutamate, and serotonin under MCT consumption. In conclusion, these novel data highlight metabolic changes in lipid, amino-acid and ketone metabolism due to MCT supplementation. Understanding the metabolic response to MCT provides new avenues to develop better nutritional management with improved anti-seizure and neuroprotective effects for dogs with epilepsy, and other behavioural disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Andreas Berk
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom,BrainCheck.Pet, Tierärztliche Praxis für Epilepsie, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Claudia Ottka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,PetBiomics Ltd., Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tsz Hong Law
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Rowena Mary Anne Packer
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Annette Wessmann
- Pride Veterinary Centre, Neurology/Neurosurgery Service, Derby, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tarja Susanna Jokinen
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Knebel
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrea Tipold
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hannes Lohi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,PetBiomics Ltd., Helsinki, Finland
| | - Holger Andreas Volk
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom,Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany,*Correspondence: Holger Andreas Volk
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6
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Walker HK, Boag AM, Ottka C, Lohi H, Handel I, Gow AG, Mellanby RJ. Serum metabolomic profiles in dogs with chronic enteropathy. J Vet Intern Med 2022; 36:1752-1759. [PMID: 35880501 PMCID: PMC9511094 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic profiles differ between healthy humans and those with inflammatory bowel disease. Few studies have examined metabolic profiles in dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE). HYPOTHESIS Serum metabolic profiles of dogs with CE are significantly different from those of healthy dogs. ANIMALS Fifty-five dogs with CE and 204 healthy controls. METHODS A cross-sectional study. The serum concentrations of 99 metabolites measured using a canine-specific proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy platform were studied. A 2-sample unpaired t-test was used to compare the 2 study samples. The threshold for significance was set at P < .05 with a Bonferroni correction for each metabolite group. RESULTS Nineteen metabolites and 18 indices of lipoprotein composition were significantly different between the CE and healthy dogs. Four metabolites were significantly higher in dogs with CE, including phenylalanine (mean and SD) (healthy: 0.0417 mmol/L; [SD] 0.0100; CE: 0.0480 mmol/L; SD: 0.0125; P value: <.001) and lactate (healthy: 1.8751 mmol/L; SD: 0.7808; CE: 2.4827 mmol/L; SD CE: 1.4166; P value: .003). Fifteen metabolites were significantly lower in dogs with CE, including total fatty acids, and glycine (healthy: 0.2273 mmol/L; SD: 0.0794; CE: 0.1828 mmol/L; SD CE: 0.0517; P value: <.001). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE The metabolic profile of dogs with CE is significantly different from that of healthy dogs, this opens novel research avenues to develop better diagnostic and prognostic approaches as well as therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah K Walker
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Alisdair M Boag
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Ottka
- PetBiomics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannes Lohi
- PetBiomics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ian Handel
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Adam G Gow
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J Mellanby
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
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7
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Ottka C, Puurunen J, Müller E, Weber C, Klein R, Lohi H. Metabolic changes associated with two endocrine abnormalities in dogs: elevated fructosamine and low thyroxine. Metabolomics 2022; 18:58. [PMID: 35859216 PMCID: PMC9300525 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-022-01917-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolomics studies in canine endocrine abnormalities are sparse and basic information on these abnormalities must be generated. OBJECTIVES To characterize the metabolic changes associated with elevated fructosamine, reflecting poor glycemic control, and low thyroxine, a thyroid hormone controlling metabolism. METHODS Leftovers of clinical serum samples; 25 controls, 79 high fructosamine, and 47 low thyroxine, were analyzed using 1H NMR and differences were evaluated using Firth logistic regression. RESULTS Both high fructosamine and low thyroxine were associated with changes in concentrations of multiple metabolites, including glycoprotein acetyls and lipids. CONCLUSION These findings suggest promising makers for further research and clinical validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ottka
- PetBiomics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | | - Ruth Klein
- LABOKLIN GmbH & Co KG, Bad Kissingen, Germany
| | - Hannes Lohi
- PetBiomics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
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8
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Tal S, Sutton G, Arlt S, Bar-Gal GK. Analysis of biochemical parameters in canine fetal fluids during the second half of pregnancy. Theriogenology 2022; 189:31-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Metabolomic Abnormalities in Serum from Untreated and Treated Dogs with Hyper- and Hypoadrenocorticism. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040339. [PMID: 35448526 PMCID: PMC9028761 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The adrenal glands play a major role in metabolic processes, and both excess and insufficient serum cortisol concentrations can lead to serious metabolic consequences. Hyper- and hypoadrenocorticism represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Serum samples from dogs with untreated hyperadrenocorticism (n = 27), hyperadrenocorticism undergoing treatment (n = 28), as well as with untreated (n = 35) and treated hypoadrenocorticism (n = 23) were analyzed and compared to apparently healthy dogs (n = 40). A validated targeted proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) platform was used to quantify 123 parameters. Principal component analysis separated the untreated endocrinopathies. The serum samples of dogs with untreated endocrinopathies showed various metabolic abnormalities with often contrasting results particularly in serum concentrations of fatty acids, and high- and low-density lipoproteins and their constituents, which were predominantly increased in hyperadrenocorticism and decreased in hypoadrenocorticism, while amino acid concentrations changed in various directions. Many observed serum metabolic abnormalities tended to normalize with medical treatment, but normalization was incomplete when compared to levels in apparently healthy dogs. Application of machine learning models based on the metabolomics data showed good classification, with misclassifications primarily observed in treated groups. Characterization of metabolic changes enhances our understanding of these endocrinopathies. Further assessment of the recognized incomplete reversal of metabolic alterations during medical treatment may improve disease management.
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10
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Imbery CA, Dieterle F, Ottka C, Weber C, Schlotterbeck G, Müller E, Lohi H, Giger U. Metabolomic serum abnormalities in dogs with hepatopathies. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5329. [PMID: 35351920 PMCID: PMC8964695 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatopathies can cause major metabolic abnormalities in humans and animals. This study examined differences in serum metabolomic parameters and patterns in left-over serum samples from dogs with either congenital portosystemic shunts (cPSS, n = 24) or high serum liver enzyme activities (HLEA, n = 25) compared to control dogs (n = 64). A validated targeted proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy platform was used to assess 123 parameters. Principal component analysis of the serum metabolome demonstrated distinct clustering among individuals in each group, with the cluster of HLEA being broader compared to the other groups, presumably due to the wider spectrum of hepatic diseases represented in these samples. While younger and older adult control dogs had very similar metabolomic patterns and clusters, there were changes in many metabolites in the hepatopathy groups. Higher phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations, lower branched-chained amino acids (BCAAs) concentrations, and altered fatty acid parameters were seen in cPSS dogs compared to controls. In contrast, dogs with HLEA had increased concentrations of BCAAs, phenylalanine, and various lipoproteins. Machine learning based solely on the metabolomics data showed excellent group classification, potentially identifying a novel tool to differentiate hepatopathies. The observed changes in metabolic parameters could provide invaluable insight into the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and prognosis of hepatopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin A Imbery
- Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland. .,Laboklin GmbH & Co. KG, 97688, Bad Kissingen, Germany.
| | - Frank Dieterle
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, 4132, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Ottka
- PetMeta Labs Oy, 00300, Helsinki, Finland.,University of Helsinki and Folkhälsan Research Center, 00250, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Corinna Weber
- Laboklin GmbH & Co. KG, 97688, Bad Kissingen, Germany
| | - Götz Schlotterbeck
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, 4132, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | | | - Hannes Lohi
- PetMeta Labs Oy, 00300, Helsinki, Finland.,University of Helsinki and Folkhälsan Research Center, 00250, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Urs Giger
- Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland. .,Section of Medical Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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11
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Puurunen J, Ottka C, Salonen M, Niskanen JE, Lohi H. Age, breed, sex and diet influence serum metabolite profiles of 2000 pet dogs. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022. [PMID: 35223061 DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fj6q573w5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
As an individual's metabolism reflects health and disease states well, metabolomics holds a vast potential in biomedical applications. However, normal physiological factors, such as age, can also influence metabolism, challenging the establishment of disease-specific metabolic aberrations. Here, we examined how physiological and diet-related factors drive variance in the metabolism of healthy pet dogs. We analysed 2068 serum samples using a canine nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based metabolomics platform. With generalized linear models, we discovered that age, breed, sex, sterilization, diet type and fasting time significantly affected the canine metabolite profiles. Especially, breed and age caused considerable variation in the metabolite concentrations, and breeds with very different body conformations systematically differed in several lipid measurands. Our results enhance the understanding how normal physiological factors influence canine metabolism, aid accurate interpretation of the NMR results, and suggest the NMR platform might be applied in identifying aberrations in nutrient absorption and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Puurunen
- PetBiomics Ltd, 00300 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Claudia Ottka
- PetBiomics Ltd, 00300 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Milla Salonen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Julia E Niskanen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannes Lohi
- PetBiomics Ltd, 00300 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
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Walker HK, Ottka C, Lohi H, Handel I, Clements DN, Gow AG, Mellanby RJ. Seasonal variation in serum metabolites of northern European dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 36:190-195. [PMID: 34921444 PMCID: PMC8783344 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic profiling identifies seasonal variance of serum metabolites in humans. Despite the presence of seasonal disease patterns, no studies have assessed whether serum metabolites vary seasonally in dogs. Hypothesis There is seasonal variation in the serum metabolite profiles of healthy dogs. Animals Eighteen healthy, client‐owned dogs. Methods A prospective cohort study. Serum metabolomic profiles were assessed monthly in 18 healthy dogs over a 12‐month period. Metabolic profiling was conducted using a canine‐specific proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy platform, and the effects of seasonality were studied for 98 metabolites using a cosinor model. Seasonal component was calculated, which describes the seasonal variation of each metabolite. Results We found no evidence of seasonal variation in 93 of 98 metabolites. Six metabolites had statistically significant seasonal variance, including cholesterol (mean 249 mg/dL [6.47 mmol/L] with a seasonal component amplitude of 9 mg/dL [0.23 mmol/L]; 95% confidence interval [CI] 6‐13 mg/dL [0.14‐0.33 mmol/L], P < .008), with a peak concentration of 264 mg/dL (6.83 mmol/L) in June and trough concentration of 236 mg/dL (6.12 mmol/L) in December. In contrast, there was a significantly lower concentration of lactate (mean 20 mg/dL [2.27 mmol/L] with a seasonal component amplitude of 4 mg/dL [0.42 mmol/L]; 95% CI 2‐6 mg/dL [0.22‐0.62 mmol/L], P < .001) during the summer months compared to the winter months, with a peak concentration of 26 mg/dL (2.9 mmol/L) in February and trough concentration of 14 mg/dL (1.57 mmol/L) in July. Conclusions and Clinical Importance We found no clear evidence that seasonal reference ranges need to be established for serum metabolites of dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah K Walker
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Ottka
- PetBIOMICS Ltd, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannes Lohi
- PetBIOMICS Ltd, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ian Handel
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Dylan N Clements
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Adam G Gow
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J Mellanby
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
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