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Pumphrey SA, Harman CD, Anderson AL, Sweigart B, Komáromy AM. Relative ability of aqueous humor from dogs with and without primary angle-closure glaucoma and ADAMTS10 open-angle glaucoma to catalyze or inhibit collagenolysis. Vet Ophthalmol 2024; 27:238-247. [PMID: 37658474 PMCID: PMC10904665 DOI: 10.1111/vop.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to compare the ability of aqueous humor (AH) from dogs with primary angle-closure glaucoma (CPACG), companion dogs without overt evidence of CPACG, and Beagles with and without ADAMTS10 open-angle glaucoma (ADAMTS10-OAG) to catalyze or inhibit collagenolysis. ANIMALS STUDIED Seventeen normal pet dogs, 27 dogs with CPACG, 19 Beagles with ADAMTS10-OAG, and 4 unaffected Beagles. PROCEDURES A fluorescein-based substrate degradation assay was used to assess AH proteolytic capacity. Samples were then assayed using the same substrate degradation assay, with recombinant activated matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) added to measure protease inhibition effects. RESULTS For the protease activity assay, relative fluorescence (RF) for AH from normal pet dogs was 13.28 ± 2.25% of control collagenase while RF for AH from dogs with CPACG was 17.47 ± 4.67%; RF was 8.57 ± 1.72% for ADAMTS10-OAG Beagles and 7.99 ± 1.15% for unaffected Beagles. For the MMP-2 inhibition assay, RF for AH from normal dogs was 34.96 ± 15.04% compared to MMP-2 controls, while RF from dogs with CPACG was 16.69 ± 7.95%; RF was 85.85 ± 13.23% for Beagles with ADAMTS10-OAG and 94.51 ± 8.36% for unaffected Beagles. Significant differences were found between dogs with CPACG and both normal pet dogs and dogs with ADAMTS10-OAG and between normal pet dogs and both groups of Beagles. CONCLUSIONS AH from dogs with CPACG is significantly more able to catalyze proteolysis and inhibit MMP-2 than AH from normal dogs or dogs with ADAMTS10-OAG. Results suggest that pathogenesis may differ between CPACG and ADAMTS10-OAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A. Pumphrey
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, USA
| | - Christine D. Harman
- Michigan State University Veterinary Medical Center, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Amanda L. Anderson
- Michigan State University Veterinary Medical Center, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Benjamin Sweigart
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Research Design (BERD) Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - András M. Komáromy
- Michigan State University Veterinary Medical Center, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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2
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Casanova MI, Park S, Mayes MA, Roszak K, Ferneding M, Echeverria N, Bowman MAW, Michalak SR, Ardon M, Wong S, Le SM, Daley N, Leonard BC, Good KL, Li JY, Thomasy SM. Topical netarsudil for the treatment of primary corneal endothelial degeneration in dogs. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6238. [PMID: 38485975 PMCID: PMC10940293 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the tolerability and efficacy of the topical rho-kinase inhibitor netarsudil for canine primary corneal endothelial degeneration (PCED). Twenty-six eyes of 21 client-owned dogs with PCED were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, vehicle control clinical trial and received topical netarsudil 0.02% (Rhopressa®) or vehicle control twice daily (BID) for the first 4 months. Then, all patients received netarsudil for the next 4 or 8 months. Complete ophthalmic examination, ultrasonic pachymetry, Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography, and in vivo confocal microscopy were performed at baseline and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 months. Effect of netarsudil on central corneal thickness (CCT), percentage of cornea with edema, and endothelial cell density (ECD) were evaluated by repeated measures ANOVA. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test were used to compare corneal edema and clinical progression of eyes in netarsudil versus vehicle control groups. All dogs developed conjunctival hyperemia in at least one eye while receiving netarsudil. Unilateral transient reticulated intraepithelial bullae and stromal hemorrhage were observed respectively in 2 dogs in the netarsudil group. Two dogs showed persistently decreased tear production while receiving netarsudil, requiring topical immunomodulatory treatment. No significant differences in CCT, ECD, corneal edema or clinical progression were observed between netarsudil or vehicle treated eyes. When comparing efficacy of topical netarsudil BID and topical ripasudil 0.4% administered four times daily from our previous study, dogs receiving ripasudil had significantly less progression than those receiving netarsudil.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Isabel Casanova
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Sangwan Park
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Melaney A Mayes
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95161, USA
| | - Karolina Roszak
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Michelle Ferneding
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Nayeli Echeverria
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Morgan A W Bowman
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Sarah R Michalak
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Monica Ardon
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Sydni Wong
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Sophie M Le
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Nicole Daley
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Brian C Leonard
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Kathryn L Good
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jennifer Y Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Sara M Thomasy
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Ruiz-Lozano RE, Azar NS, Mousa HM, Quiroga-Garza ME, Komai S, Wheelock-Gutierrez L, Cartes C, Perez VL. Ocular surface disease: a known yet overlooked side effect of topical glaucoma therapy. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1067942. [PMID: 37547228 PMCID: PMC10403269 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1067942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocular surface disease (OSD), a disorder affecting the lacrimal and meibomian glands and the corneal and conjunctival epithelium, is a well-known complication of topical glaucoma therapy. OSD can present as a new or pre-existing condition that virtually any anti-glaucoma formulation can exacerbate. As such, both glaucoma and OSD frequently coexist. Typical OSD symptoms include ocular discomfort, redness, burning, and dryness, whereas signs include periorbital and eyelid skin pigmentation, conjunctival scarring, and superficial punctate keratitis. Pressure-lowering eyedrops can cause toxic, allergic, and inflammatory reactions on the ocular surface. The latter can result from either preservatives or direct toxicity from the active molecule. Although usually mild, OSD can cause significant symptoms that lead to poor quality of life, decreased compliance to therapy, glaucoma progression, and worse visual outcomes. Given the chronic nature of glaucoma, lack of curative therapy, and subsequent lifelong treatment, addressing OSD is necessary. This manuscript aims to provide an up-to-date overview of OSD's signs, symptoms, and pathogenic mechanisms from glaucoma therapy toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul E. Ruiz-Lozano
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de La Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Nadim S. Azar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Foster Center for Ocular Immunology at Duke Eye Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Hazem M. Mousa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Foster Center for Ocular Immunology at Duke Eye Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Manuel E. Quiroga-Garza
- Department of Ophthalmology, Foster Center for Ocular Immunology at Duke Eye Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Seitaro Komai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Foster Center for Ocular Immunology at Duke Eye Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | | | - Cristian Cartes
- Unidad Oftalmología, Departamento de Especialidades, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Victor L. Perez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Foster Center for Ocular Immunology at Duke Eye Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
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Hodgson KJ, Harman CD, Bajric S, Cabble A, Anderson AL, Palanivel H, Taylor DA, Komáromy AM. Comparison of three rebound tonometers in normal and glaucomatous dogs. Vet Ophthalmol 2023; 26:31-38. [PMID: 36440595 PMCID: PMC10098477 DOI: 10.1111/vop.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives of the study were to compare intraocular pressure (IOP) readings across a wide range and obtained via three rebound tonometers in ADAMTS10-mutant Beagle-derived dogs with different stages of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and normal control dogs and to investigate the effect of central corneal thickness (CCT). ANIMALS STUDIED Measurements were performed on 99 eyes from 50 Beagle-derived dogs with variable genetics-16 non-glaucomatous and 34 with ADAMTS10-OAG. Seventeen OAG eyes were measured twice-with and without the use of IOP-lowering medications. PROCEDURES IOP was measured in each eye using three tonometers with their "dog" setting-ICare® Tonovet (TV), ICare® Tonovet Plus® (TVP), and the novel Reichert® Tono-Vera® Vet (TVA)-in randomized order. CCT was measured with the Accutome® PachPen. Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA, Tukey pairwise comparisons, and regression analyses of tonometer readings and pairwise IOP-CCT Pearson correlations (MiniTab®). RESULTS A total of 116 IOP measurements were taken with each of the three tonometers. When comparing readings over a range of ~7-77 mmHg, mean IOPs from the TV were significantly lower compared with TVP (-4.6 mmHg, p < .001) and TVA (-3.7 mmHg, p = .001). We found no significant differences between TVA and TVP measurements (p = .695). There was a moderate positive correlation between CCT and IOP for TVA (r = 0.53, p < .001), TVP (r = 0.48, p < .001), and TV (r = 0.47, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate strong agreement between TVP and TVA, suggesting that the TVA may similarly reflect true IOP values in canines. CCT influenced IOP measurements of all three tonometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J Hodgson
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - Christine D Harman
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - Shayla Bajric
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - Ava Cabble
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - Amanda L Anderson
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | | | | | - András M Komáromy
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
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Michalak SR, Kim S, Park S, Casanova MI, Bowman MAW, Ferneding M, Leonard BC, Good KL, Li JY, Thomasy SM. Topical Ripasudil for the Treatment of Primary Corneal Endothelial Degeneration in Dogs. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:2. [PMID: 36048012 PMCID: PMC9440609 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.9.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tolerability and efficacy of topical rho-kinase inhibitor ripasudil in the treatment of primary corneal endothelial degeneration (PCED) in dogs. Methods Twenty-one eyes of 12 client-owned, PCED-affected dogs received topical ripasudil 4 times daily. Ophthalmic examination, ultrasonic pachymetry (USP), Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT), and in vivo confocal microscopy were performed at baseline and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Effects of treatment on corneal thickness, corneal edema extent, and endothelial cell density (ECD) were evaluated by repeated-measures ANOVA or Friedman test. Individual eyes were classified as improved, progressed, or stable at 12 months using clinical response criteria. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test were used to compare ripasudil-treated eyes to age-, breed/size-, and disease stage-matched historical controls. Results During treatment, 12 dogs developed conjunctival hyperemia, 4 demonstrated reticular bullous epithelial edema, and 2 developed corneal stromal hemorrhage. No adverse event necessitated permanent cessation of ripasudil. Central corneal thickness measured by USP significantly progressed from baseline to 12 months. Corneal thickness by FD-OCT, ECD, and edema extent did not differ over time. Considered individually, 5 eyes improved, 8 remained stable, and 8 progressed. The log-rank test found less edema progression in ripasudil-treated eyes compared to historical controls. Conclusions Ripasudil was well-tolerated in PCED-affected dogs. Response to therapy varied; 62% of eyes showed improved or stable disease whereas 38% progressed. Ripasudil-treated eyes progressed more slowly than historical controls. Translational Relevance Topical ripasudil offered a therapeutic benefit in a subset of patients using a canine model of endothelial degeneration, which may guide future trials in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Michalak
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Soohyun Kim
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Sangwan Park
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - M Isabel Casanova
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Morgan A W Bowman
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Michelle Ferneding
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Brian C Leonard
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Kathryn L Good
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jennifer Y Li
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Sara M Thomasy
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
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6
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Luo N, Jiang X, Hao M, Fang Z, Wei Y, Zhang W. Efficacy and safety of netarsudil/latanoprost fixed-dose combination vs. monotherapy in open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:923308. [PMID: 35979215 PMCID: PMC9376331 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.923308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveAs monotherapy is insufficient for some patients, the existing fixed-dose combination (FDC) requires two or more daily administrations with declining adherence. The present study compared the efficacy and safety of netarsudil/latanoprost FDC with monotherapy of its individual components in patients with glaucoma.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed for studies comparing netarsudil/latanoprost fixed-dose combination (FDC) vs. monotherapy in patients with glaucoma. The primary endpoints included intraocular pressure (IOP), intraocular pressure reduction percentage (IOPR%) and adverse events (AEs).ResultsThree randomized controlled trial studies (RCTs) involving 1,692 patients (FDC: 556, netarsudil: 577, latanoprost: 559) were included in this meta-analysis. FDC was more effective than netarsudil, with significantly lower diurnal IOP over three time points (8:00 a.m., 10:00 a.m., 4:00 p.m.), mean diurnal IOP (MD = −2.36 [−3.08, −1.63], P < 0.00001) and higher IOPR% (MD = 9.60 [7.86, 11.33], P < 0.00001). When comparing FDC with latanoprost, both mean diurnal IOP (MD = −1.64 [−2.05, −1.23], P < 0.00001) and diurnal IOP across 3 time points were significantly lower with FDC than with latanoprost, while FDC induced significantly higher IOPR% (MD = 6.09 [4.40, 7.77], P < 0.00001). Incidence of total AEs was similar between netarsudil and FDC, but higher with FDC than with latanoprost.ConclusionNetarsudil/latanoprost FDC appears to be superior to netarsudil or latanoprost alone, with better ocular hypotensive effects. However, there are concerns that netarsudil/latanoprost FDC was associated with a significantly higher incidence of AEs specifically compared with latanoprost.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=311956.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachuan Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xun Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Meiqi Hao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zige Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yiping Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Yiping Wei
| | - Wenxiong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Wenxiong Zhang
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Strickland RG, Garner MA, Gross AK, Girkin CA. Remodeling of the Lamina Cribrosa: Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Approaches for Glaucoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158068. [PMID: 35897642 PMCID: PMC9329908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucomatous optic neuropathy is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world. The chronic disease is characterized by optic nerve degeneration and vision field loss. The reduction of intraocular pressure remains the only proven glaucoma treatment, but it does not prevent further neurodegeneration. There are three major classes of cells in the human optic nerve head (ONH): lamina cribrosa (LC) cells, glial cells, and scleral fibroblasts. These cells provide support for the LC which is essential to maintain healthy retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons. All these cells demonstrate responses to glaucomatous conditions through extracellular matrix remodeling. Therefore, investigations into alternative therapies that alter the characteristic remodeling response of the ONH to enhance the survival of RGC axons are prevalent. Understanding major remodeling pathways in the ONH may be key to developing targeted therapies that reduce deleterious remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan G. Strickland
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (R.G.S.); (M.A.G.); (A.K.G.)
| | - Mary Anne Garner
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (R.G.S.); (M.A.G.); (A.K.G.)
| | - Alecia K. Gross
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (R.G.S.); (M.A.G.); (A.K.G.)
| | - Christopher A. Girkin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-205-325-8620
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Pumphrey SA, Zitek-Morrison E, Pizzirani S, Meola DM. Evaluation of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in aqueous humor of dogs with versus without naturally occurring primary angle-closure glaucoma. Am J Vet Res 2021; 83:245-255. [PMID: 34936570 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.21.04.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare concentrations of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in aqueous humor from ophthalmologically normal dogs and dogs with naturally occurring primary angle-closure glaucoma (cPACG). SAMPLE Aqueous humor samples from 12 eyes with cPACG and 18 ophthalmologically normal eyes of dogs. PROCEDURES A multiplex fluorescence-based ELISA was used to measure concentrations of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-13, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and TIMP-4. Results for eyes with versus without cPACG were compared. RESULTS Significantly higher mean concentrations of MMP-1 (45% higher), MMP-2 (55% higher), MMP-3 (39% higher), MMP-8 (79% higher), MMP-9 (29% higher), MMP-10 (60% higher), TIMP-1 (63% higher), and TIMP-2 (136% higher) were detected in aqueous humor from eyes with cPACG, compared with ophthalmologically normal eyes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE MMPs and TIMPs have pivotal roles in extracellular matrix turnover and homeostasis in the outflow pathways of the eye. Results of the present study documented higher concentrations of MMPs and TIMPs in aqueous humor samples from dog eyes with late-stage cPACG. Although, to our knowledge, TIMPs have not previously been evaluated in the context of cPACG, the markedly higher concentration of TIMPs in eyes with cPACG suggested that inhibition of proteolysis and extracellular matrix turnover might be a factor in the development of glaucoma in susceptible individuals. However, because the present study used samples from dogs with late-stage cPACG, further work is required to characterize the temporal relationship between MMP and TIMP concentration changes and onset or progression of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Pumphrey
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA
| | - Emily Zitek-Morrison
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, UMass Chan Medical School, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA
| | - Stefano Pizzirani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA
| | - Dawn M Meola
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA
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Leary KA, Steibel JP, Harman CD, Anderson AL, Komáromy AM. Safety and efficacy of topically administered netarsudil-latanoprost fixed dose combination (FDC; Rocklatan™) in normal and glaucomatous dogs with ADAMTS10-open-angle glaucoma (ADAMTS10-OAG). Vet Ophthalmol 2021; 24:610-619. [PMID: 34085750 PMCID: PMC8633047 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate safety and efficacy of topically administered 0.02% netarsudil-0.005% latanoprost fixed-dose combination (FDC) (Rocklatan™; Aerie Pharmaceutical) in normal and glaucomatous dogs with ADAMTS10-open-angle glaucoma (ADAMTS10-OAG). ANIMALS STUDIED Five normal and five glaucomatous beagle dogs with ADAMTS10-OAG were the study animals. PROCEDURES In each dog, left (OS) or right eye (OD) was randomly selected for netarsudil-latanoprost FDC treatment. Contralateral eyes served as latanoprost-treated controls. The study was divided into four consecutive study periods: following a 4-day baseline period, two sequential 8-day study periods followed with once daily (q24h) and twice daily (q12h) treatments and ending with a washout period. Efficacy was measured by diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupil diameter. Safety was assessed by routine ophthalmic examination, gonioscopy, and pachymetry. Differences in least square means of quantitative outcome measures were compared between FDC and latanoprost treatments by using the linear Gaussian model. RESULTS Baseline IOPs were 13.6 ± 0.7 mmHg (mean ± SEM) in normal and 28.3 ± 1.4 mmHg in OAG-affected dogs. There was a significant decrease in mean diurnal IOP following FDC administration in both normal (q24h: -2.1 mmHg; q12h: -4.1 mmHg) and glaucomatous dogs (q24h: -14.2 mmHg; q12h: -17.7 mmHg; p < .0001). There was no significant difference in the treatment effect when comparing FDC to latanoprost. Both FDC and latanoprost administration resulted in similarly significant pupil constriction (p < .0001). The FDC administration was well-tolerated but resulted in conjunctival hyperemia. CONCLUSIONS Once or twice daily administration of netarsudil-latanoprost FDC (Rocklatan™) and latanoprost was equally effective in lowering IOP in normal and OAG-affected dogs. There was no netarsudil-related added treatment effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A. Leary
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Juan P. Steibel
- Department of Animal Science & Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Christine D. Harman
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Amanda L. Anderson
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - András M. Komáromy
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Komáromy AM, Koehl KL, Park SA. Looking into the future: Gene and cell therapies for glaucoma. Vet Ophthalmol 2021; 24 Suppl 1:16-33. [PMID: 33411993 PMCID: PMC7979454 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a complex group of optic neuropathies that affects both humans and animals. Intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation is a major risk factor that results in the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons. Currently, lowering IOP by medical and surgical methods is the only approved treatment for primary glaucoma, but there is no cure, and vision loss often progresses despite therapy. Recent technologic advances provide us with a better understanding of disease mechanisms and risk factors; this will permit earlier diagnosis of glaucoma and initiation of therapy sooner and more effectively. Gene and cell therapies are well suited to target these mechanisms specifically with the potential to achieve a lasting therapeutic effect. Much progress has been made in laboratory settings to develop these novel therapies for the eye. Gene and cell therapies have already been translated into clinical application for some inherited retinal dystrophies and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Except for the intravitreal application of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) by encapsulated cell technology for RGC neuroprotection, there has been no other clinical translation of gene and cell therapies for glaucoma so far. Possible application of gene and cell therapies consists of long-term IOP control via increased aqueous humor drainage, including inhibition of fibrosis following filtration surgery, RGC neuroprotection and neuroregeneration, modification of ocular biomechanics for improved IOP tolerance, and inhibition of inflammation and neovascularization to prevent the development of some forms of secondary glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- András M. Komáromy
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kristin L. Koehl
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Shin Ae Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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