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Rowen RC, Curto EM, Gratzek AT. Partial incision blunt scissors lamellar keratectomy under topical anesthesia for the treatment of presumed calcific corneal degeneration in dogs. Vet Ophthalmol 2024. [PMID: 38924250 DOI: 10.1111/vop.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to investigate clinical features of lamellar keratectomy for presumed calcific corneal degeneration in a population of geriatric dogs using blunt scissors dissection under topical anesthesia. ANIMALS STUDIED AND PROCEDURES Retrospective analysis of dogs with clinically diagnosed calcific degeneration treated by keratectomy under topical anesthesia between 2015 and 2021 at two veterinary ophthalmology practices was performed. Descriptive data regarding signalment, concurrent systemic and ocular disease, complications, healing time, and recurrence were collected. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to calculate 1-year recurrence probability. RESULTS Sixty-five eyes in 57 dogs met inclusion criteria. All 54 eyes with follow-up healed within a median of 14 days (7-74), including 17 with complicating factors of infection or deep stromal ulceration. Globe rupture occurred intraoperatively in three eyes (4.6%), for which subsequent conjunctival graft was performed. Calculated 1-year recurrence probability from 47 eyes followed long term was 25%. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard modeling showed a significant association between documented systemic disease and time to recurrence (p = .035), irrespective of topical EDTA use (p = .432). Median follow-up time available for all cases was 249 days. CONCLUSIONS Blunt lamellar dissection with corneal scissors can be performed in dogs under topical anesthesia, yielding healing times and recurrence comparable to previously reported treatments for calcific corneal degeneration. Globe rupture is an inherent risk of both the disease and procedure and occurred in 4.6% of treated eyes. This approach expands non-anesthetic treatment options for affected patients but should only be performed with advanced microsurgical training and client counseling on individual risk and benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Rowen
- Veterinary Eye Clinic Monterey Bay, Monterey, California, USA
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Labelle A, Labelle P. Diagnosing Corneal Pigmentation in Small Animals. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2023; 53:339-352. [PMID: 36813389 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The transparency of the cornea is critical to its role in transmitting light. Loss of corneal transparency results in visual impairment. Corneal pigmentation results from melanin accumulation in the epithelial cells of the cornea. Differential diagnosis for corneal pigmentation include corneal sequestrum, corneal foreign body, limbal melanocytoma, iris prolapse, and dermoid. These conditions must be excluded to reach a diagnosis of corneal pigmentation. A myriad of ocular surface conditions are associated with corneal pigmentation, including qualitative and quantitative tear film deficiency, adnexal disease, corneal ulceration, and breed-related corneal pigmentation syndromes. Accurate etiologic diagnosis is critical to determining effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Labelle
- Practice Owner, Bright Light Veterinary Eye Care, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Philippe Labelle
- Antech Diagnostics, 7555 Danbro Crescent, Mississauga, Ontario L5N 6P9, Canada
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Sarfaty H, Ezra-Elia R, Sebbag L. Prevalence and characteristics of ocular diseases in Sphynx cats: A retrospective assessment (2012-2021) and comparison with non-Sphynx cats. Vet Ophthalmol 2022; 25:367-375. [PMID: 35598106 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the prevalence of ocular diseases in Sphynx cats, and compare disease characteristics with other feline breeds. METHODS Medical records of Sphynx cats presented to an ophthalmology referral center between 1/2012 and 4/2021 were examined. Cats of other breeds examined during the same period served as controls. RESULTS One hundred ten Sphynx cats were examined during the study period, diagnosed with corneal sequestrum (n = 42 cats), lower eyelid entropion (n = 25), presumed herpetic keratoconjunctivitis (n = 19), conjunctivitis (n = 7), corneal ulcers (n = 6), nasolacrimal duct atresia/obstruction (n = 6), corneal dystrophy (n = 3), eosinophilic keratitis (n = 2), uveitis (n = 2), non-ulcerative keratitis (n = 1), and cataract (n = 1). Corneal sequestrum was significantly more common in Sphynx versus non-Sphynx cats (odds ratio = 8.0, 95% CI = 5.3-12.2, p < .001), and age of diagnosis was significantly younger in Sphynx cats (2.0 ± 1.5 years vs. 5.9 ± 4.0 years, p < .001). Corneal sequestrum recurrence was noted in 19.4% Sphynx eyes and 6.4% non-Sphynx eyes undergoing surgery (p = .015). Lower eyelid entropion-most often bilateral (80%)-was significantly more common in Sphynx versus non-Sphynx cats (odds ratio = 4.1, 95% CI = 2.3-7.1, p < .001), and age of diagnosis was significantly younger in Sphynx cats (0.9 ± 1.4 years vs. 3.5 ± 3.3 years, p < .005). CONCLUSIONS Corneal sequestrum and entropion were overrepresented and diagnosed at an earlier age in Sphynx cats when compared with the general feline population. Given the high prevalence, early age of onset, and relatively high recurrence of corneal sequestrum in Sphynx cats, further studies are warranted to better understand etiopathogenesis and preferred therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lionel Sebbag
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Xu H, Sapienza JS, Jin Y, Lin J, Zheng X, Dong H, Diao H, Zhao Y, Gao J, Tang J, Feng X, Micceri D, Zeng H, Lin D. Lamellar Keratoplasty Using Acellular Bioengineering Cornea (BioCorneaVetTM) for the Treatment of Feline Corneal Sequestrum: A Retrospective Study of 62 Eyes (2018–2021). Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12081016. [PMID: 35454262 PMCID: PMC9026742 DOI: 10.3390/ani12081016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Corneal sequestrum is a specific and common corneal disease in cats. Surgery treatment is the recommended option. Acellular bioengineering cornea (ABC) is a popular and effective corneal transplantation material. However, no study has been published to evaluate the effectiveness and outcome of ABC lamellar transplantation for the treatment of feline corneal sequestrum (FCS). The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the surgical effect of ABC lamellar transplantation in the treatment of FCS. All cats were diagnosed with FCS. All eyes received ABC lamellar transplantation for the first time, including 61 cats (62 eyes), aged 6–120 months. The average sequestrum size was 7.98 mm, with a medium of 7.75 mm (range, 4.75–11.75 mm), and the sequestrum thickness included 200 microns for 1 eye (1.61%), 300 microns for 28 eyes (45.16%), 400 microns for 29 eyes (46.77%), and 450 microns for 4 eyes (6.45%). All eyes retained vision after surgical treatment, and there was no recurrence during the follow-up period. This study has several limitations, including incomplete unification and standardization of data collection, some vacancies of follow-up time, inconsistency between then optical coherence tomography(OCT) examination and postoperative photo collection. Despite several limitations, our results show that ABC is easy to obtain and store, and has the choice of different sizes and thicknesses to achieve rapid corneal healing, and satisfactory visual and cosmetic effects in FCS treatment. Acellular bioengineering cornea can be a good alternative for the treatment of FCS. Abstract To retrospectively evaluate the effectiveness and outcome of lamellar keratoplasty using acellular bioengineering cornea (BioCorneaVetTM) for the treatment of feline corneal sequestrum (FCS). The medical records of cats diagnosed with FCS that underwent lamellar keratoplasty with BioCorneaVetTM between 2018 and 2021 with a minimum of 3 months of follow-up were reviewed. Follow-up examinations were performed weekly for 3 months, and then optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination was performed on select patients at 0, 3, 6, and 12 months post-operatively. A total of 61 cats (30 left eyes and 32 right eyes) were included. The Persian breed was overrepresented, 48/61 (78.69%). Four different thicknesses of acellular bioengineering cornea were used (200, 300, 400, or 450 microns), and the mean graft size was 8.23 mm (range, 5.00–12.00 mm). Minor complications were composed of partial dehiscence, and protrusion of the graft occurred in 7/62 eyes (11.29%). The median postoperative follow-up was 12.00 months (range, 3–41 months). A good visual outcome was achieved in 60/62 eyes (96.77%), and a mild to moderate corneal opacification occurred in 2/62 (3.23%). No recurrence of corneal sequestrum was observed. From the results, lamellar keratoplasty using acellular bioengineering cornea (BioCorneaVetTM) is an effective treatment for FCS, providing a good tectonic support and natural collagen framework, and resulting in satisfactory visual and cosmetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihao Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (H.X.); (Y.J.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (H.D.); (Y.Z.); (J.G.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, No. 160, Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing 402460, China; (X.Z.); (J.T.); (X.F.); (H.Z.)
| | - John S. Sapienza
- Long Island Veterinary Specialists, Plainview, NY 11803, USA; (J.S.S.); (D.M.)
| | - Yipeng Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (H.X.); (Y.J.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (H.D.); (Y.Z.); (J.G.)
| | - Jiahao Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (H.X.); (Y.J.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (H.D.); (Y.Z.); (J.G.)
| | - Xiaobo Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, No. 160, Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing 402460, China; (X.Z.); (J.T.); (X.F.); (H.Z.)
| | - Haodi Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (H.X.); (Y.J.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (H.D.); (Y.Z.); (J.G.)
| | - Hongxiu Diao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (H.X.); (Y.J.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (H.D.); (Y.Z.); (J.G.)
| | - Ying Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (H.X.); (Y.J.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (H.D.); (Y.Z.); (J.G.)
| | - Jiafeng Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (H.X.); (Y.J.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (H.D.); (Y.Z.); (J.G.)
| | - Jing Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, No. 160, Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing 402460, China; (X.Z.); (J.T.); (X.F.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xueqian Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, No. 160, Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing 402460, China; (X.Z.); (J.T.); (X.F.); (H.Z.)
| | - Danielle Micceri
- Long Island Veterinary Specialists, Plainview, NY 11803, USA; (J.S.S.); (D.M.)
| | - Haoran Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, No. 160, Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing 402460, China; (X.Z.); (J.T.); (X.F.); (H.Z.)
| | - Degui Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (H.X.); (Y.J.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (H.D.); (Y.Z.); (J.G.)
- Correspondence:
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