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Sun J, Dahiya N, Schmitt T, Stewart C, Anderson J, MacGregor S, Maclean M, Beger RD, Atreya CD. Metabolomics evaluation of the photochemical impact of violet-blue light (405 nm) on ex vivo platelet concentrates. Metabolomics 2023; 19:88. [PMID: 37855954 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-02050-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microbicidal violet-blue light in the visible spectrum (405 nm) has been under evaluation for pathogen inactivation in ex vivo human plasma and platelets (PLTs) stored in plasma. Results to date have demonstrated that several blood-borne infectious disease-causing pathogens can be successfully reduced to significantly low levels in the light-treated plasma and PLTs. METHOD In order to evaluate whether the microbicidal 405 nm light is safe for the treatment of PLT concentrates for pathogen inactivation, LC/MS-based metabolomics analyses were performed to evaluate the overall impact of 405 nm violet-blue light treatment on ex vivo PLT concentrates suspended in plasma and on plasma itself, and to identify metabolome changes in intra-platelet and extra-cellular medium (i.e., plasma). RESULTS The metabolomics data identified that platelet activating factors (PAFs), agonists and prostaglandins, which can influence PLT basic functions such as integrity, activation, and aggregation potential were unaltered, suggesting that 405 nm light illumination is safe regarding PLT basic functions. Distinct increases in hydroxyl fatty acids and aldehydes, as well as decreases in antioxidant metabolites indicated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) were generated at high levels after only one hour of exposure to 405 nm light. Distinctly changed endogenous photosensitizer metabolites after 1 h of light exposure provided good evidence that 405 nm light was an effective microbicide acting through ROS mechanism and no external additive photosensitizers were required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchun Sun
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
| | - Neetu Dahiya
- Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Schmitt
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Caitlin Stewart
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilization Technologies, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - John Anderson
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilization Technologies, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Scott MacGregor
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilization Technologies, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michelle Maclean
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilization Technologies, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Richard D Beger
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Chintamani D Atreya
- Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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2
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Pereyra N, Devine DV. How do I/we forecast tomorrows' transfusion: Blood components. Transfus Clin Biol 2023; 30:43-46. [PMID: 35914702 PMCID: PMC9371792 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The current implementation of Pathogen Reduction Technologies (PRTs) offers advantages and disadvantages to transfusion medicine. PRT rollout may significantly reduce the incidence of transfusion-transmitted infections and immune reactions, while offering a 'one-size-fits-all' solution to future pathogens in blood products. However, the decrease in transfusion efficacy of PRT-treated blood products suggests that the demand for blood products may increase, further straining the already limited supply of these cells. Conversely, cold-stored platelets and whole-blood transfusions have re-emerged, potentially granting more effective transfusion options to bleeding patients. The renewed focus on donor variability, storage quality, and transfusion outcome presents another avenue through which transfusion quality and supply may be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Pereyra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Canada,The University of British Columbia Centre for Blood Research, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Dana V. Devine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Canada,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Canada,The University of British Columbia Centre for Blood Research, Vancouver, Canada,Corresponding author at: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia
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3
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Infanti L, Pehlic V, Mitrovic S, Holbro A, Andresen S, Payrat JM, Lin JS, Buser A. Pathogen inactivation treatment of triple-dose apheresis platelets with amotosalen and ultraviolet a light. Transfus Med 2022; 32:505-511. [PMID: 36124649 PMCID: PMC10087429 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A triple storage (TS) set allows for pathogen inactivation (PI) treatment of triple-dose apheresis platelet products with amotosalen + UVA. We evaluated the quality and metabolic parameters of platelet concentrates (PCs) pathogen inactivated and stored for 7 days. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve triple-dose products collected with two different apheresis platforms were treated with amotosalen+UVA. Products were split into three single-dose units. Testing was made pretreatment, after splitting, at days 5 and 7 of storage. RESULTS Single-dose PI PCs had a mean platelet content of 2.89 ± 0.35 x 1011 . From baseline to day 7, pH remained stable (7.1 ± 0.1 vs. 7.0 ± 0.1), pO2 increased (11.3 ± 2.4 vs. 18.3 ± 3.5 kPa) as did LDH (201 ± 119 vs. 324 ± 203 U/L) and lactate (3.6 ± 1.7 vs. 12.1 ± 1.5 mmol/L) (all p < 0.01); pCO2 decreased (4.1 ± 0.8 vs. 1.5 ± 0.7 mmHg; p < 0.01) and so did bicarbonate (6.6 ± 1.1 vs. 2.5 ± 1.4 mmol/L), glucose (5.6 ± 1.2 vs. 0.4 ± 0.4 mmol/L) and ATP (3.4 ± 0.9 vs. 2.5 ± 1.4 nmol/108 platelets) (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Triple-dose PCs processed with the TS sets fulfilled the quality requirements and displayed metabolic changes of expected extent during 7-day storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Infanti
- Regional Blood Transfusion Service, Swiss Red Cross, Division of Hematology, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vildana Pehlic
- Regional Blood Transfusion Service, Swiss Red Cross, Division of Hematology, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Mitrovic
- Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Holbro
- Regional Blood Transfusion Service, Swiss Red Cross, Division of Hematology, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Andreas Buser
- Regional Blood Transfusion Service, Swiss Red Cross, Division of Hematology, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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4
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Chowdhry M, Agrawal S, Prakash B, Thakur UK, Mishra M. Platelet additive solution suspended apheresis platelets in a tertiary care hospital: A step toward universal single donor platelets. Asian J Transfus Sci 2022; 16:238-244. [PMID: 36687537 PMCID: PMC9855201 DOI: 10.4103/ajts.ajts_145_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transfusion of ABO-compatible single donor platelets (SDP) is preferable for better outcomes over group switchover SDP. The use of SDP containing ABO-incompatible plasma is associated with a risk of allergic and acute hemolytic transfusion reactions. Moreover, high titer O group donors SDP impose a further threat to patient safety. Platelet additive solution (PAS) is used worldwide for the storage of platelets which reduces plasma volume available in SDP. SSP + (Macopharma) is one such PAS which can provide improved availability, logistical management, decrease wastage, and improvement in patient safety. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of using PAS to obtain low titer SDP units which can be utilized across a larger patient population and to study quality control parameters of these units. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was performed in the department of Transfusion Medicine from June 2017 to January 2018 after clearance from the Institutional Review Board. The study design comprised two cohorts (A and B). In cohort A, the temporal trend of in-vitro changes in the quality parameters was tested and analyzed for PAS modified and unmodified products on days 1, 5 and 7. In cohort B, the original plasma from the SDP donors of all blood group donors except the AB group was tested for antibody titers before (prepreparation) and after modification (postpreparation) by PAS. RESULTS In cohort A, in the control group, there was a significant change in the mean platelet volume, potassium, and bicarbonate levels from day 1 to day 7, whereas no significant change in the biochemical parameters was noted in the study group where PAS was used. In cohort B, on comparing the anti-A and anti-B, before and after modification of SDP with PAS, there was a significant reduction in the median titers across all the groups studied. CONCLUSION PAS added SDP is an efficient strategy to reduce the ABO-antibody levels significantly. PAS added SDP also helps in the better inventory management of available groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Chowdhry
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Soma Agrawal
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Bindu Prakash
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Uday Kumar Thakur
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Manoj Mishra
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India
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5
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Escolar G, Diaz-Ricart M, McCullough J. Impact of different pathogen reduction technologies on the biochemistry, function, and clinical effectiveness of platelet concentrates: An updated view during a pandemic. Transfusion 2021; 62:227-246. [PMID: 34870335 PMCID: PMC9300014 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Standard platelet concentrates (PCs) stored at 22°C have a limited shelf life of 5 days. Because of the storage temperature, bacterial contamination of PCs can result in life‐threatening infections in transfused patients. The potential of blood components to cause infections through contaminating pathogens or transmitting blood‐borne diseases has always been a concern. The current safety practice to prevent pathogen transmission through blood transfusion starts with a stringent screening of donors and regulated testing of blood samples to ensure that known infections cannot reach transfusion products. Pathogen reduction technologies (PRTs), initially implemented to ensure the safety of plasma products, have been adapted to treat platelet products. In addition to reducing bacterial contamination, PRT applied to PCs can extend their shelf life up to 7 days, alleviating the impact of their shortage, while providing an additional safety layer against emerging blood‐borne infectious diseases. While a deleterious action of PRTs in quantitative and qualitative aspects of plasma is accepted, the impact of PRTs on the quality, function, and clinical efficacy of PCs has been under constant examination. The potential of PRTs to prevent the possibility of new emerging diseases to reach cellular blood components has been considered more hypothetical than real. In 2019, a coronavirus‐related disease (COVID‐19) became a pandemic. This episode should help when reconsidering the possibility of future blood transmissible threats. The following text intends to evaluate the impact of different PRTs on the quality, function, and clinical effectiveness of platelets within the perspective of a developing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gines Escolar
- Department of Hematopathology, Centre Diagnostic Biomedic, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Diaz-Ricart
- Department of Hematopathology, Centre Diagnostic Biomedic, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Lasta CS, Hlavac N, Marcondes NA, Dalmolin ML, Terra SR, de Almeida Lacerda L, Faulhaber GAM, González FHD. Quality control in veterinary blood banks: evaluation of canine platelet concentrates stored for five days. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:25. [PMID: 32000762 PMCID: PMC6990466 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-2254-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Platelets undergo structural, biochemical and functional alterations when stored, and platelet storage lesions reduce platelet function and half-life after transfusion. The objective of this study was to evaluate stored canine platelet concentrates with platelet aggregation, flow cytometry and biochemistry assays. Twenty-two bags of canine platelet concentrates were obtained by the platelet-rich plasma method and were assessed on days 1, 3 and 5 after collection. Parameters such as platelet counts, residual leukocytes, platelet swirling, glucose, lactate, pH, CD62P expression (platelet activation), JC-1 (mitochondrial function) and annexin V (apoptosis and cell death) were assessed. Results Over the five days of storage there was a significant decrease in glucose, HCO3, pCO2, ATP, pH, swirling and mitochondrial function, associated with a significant increase in lactate levels and pO2. At the end of storage pH was 5.9 ± 0.6 and lactate levels were 2.8 ± 1.2 mmol/L. Results of the quality parameters evaluated were similar to those reported in human platelets studies. The deleterious effects of storage were more pronounced in bags with higher platelet counts (> 7.49 × 1010/unit), suggesting that canine platelet concentrates should not contain an excessive number of platelets. Conclusions Quality parameters of canine platelets under standard storage conditions were similar to those observed in human platelets. Our results have potential to be used for the routine evaluation and quality control in veterinary blood banks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Serina Lasta
- Departamento de Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Centro Universitário Ritter dos Reis - UniRitter - Campus FAPA, Av. Manoel Elias, 2001, 91240-261, Porto Alegre, Brazil. .,Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Nicole Hlavac
- Departamento de Anatomia, Patologia e Clínicas Veterinárias, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | - Silvia Resende Terra
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Adolpho Moreira Faulhaber
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina, Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Félix Hilário Díaz González
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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7
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Maclean M, Gelderman MP, Kulkarni S, Tomb RM, Stewart CF, Anderson JG, MacGregor SJ, Atreya CD. Non-ionizing 405 nm Light as a Potential Bactericidal Technology for Platelet Safety: Evaluation of in vitro Bacterial Inactivation and in vivo Platelet Recovery in Severe Combined Immunodeficient Mice. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 6:331. [PMID: 32010702 PMCID: PMC6974518 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial contamination of ex vivo stored platelets is a cause of transfusion-transmitted infection. Violet-blue 405 nm light has recently demonstrated efficacy in reducing the bacterial burden in blood plasma, and its operational benefits such as non-ionizing nature, penetrability, and non-requirement for photosensitizing agents, provide a unique opportunity to develop this treatment for in situ treatment of ex vivo stored platelets as a tool for bacterial reduction. Sealed bags of platelet concentrates, seeded with low-level Staphylococcus aureus contamination, were 405 nm light-treated (3–10 mWcm−2) up to 8 h. Antimicrobial efficacy and dose efficiency was evaluated by quantification of the post-treatment surviving bacterial contamination levels. Platelets treated with 10 mWcm−2 for 8 h were further evaluated for survival and recovery in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Significant inactivation of bacteria in platelet concentrates was achieved using all irradiance levels, with 99.6–100% inactivation achieved by 8 h (P < 0.05). Analysis of applied dose demonstrated that lower irradiance levels generally resulted in significant decontamination at lower doses: 180 Jcm−2/10 mWcm−2 (P = 0.008) compared to 43.2 Jcm−2/3 mWcm−2 (P = 0.002). Additionally, the recovery of light-treated platelets, compared to non-treated platelets, in the murine model showed no significant differences (P = >0.05). This report paves the way for further comprehensive studies to test 405 nm light treatment as a bactericidal technology for stored platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Maclean
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Monique P Gelderman
- Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Sandhya Kulkarni
- Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Rachael M Tomb
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Caitlin F Stewart
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - John G Anderson
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Scott J MacGregor
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Chintamani D Atreya
- Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
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8
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Delabie W, Maes W, Devloo R, Van den Hauwe MR, Vanhoorelbeke K, Compernolle V, Feys HB. The senotherapeutic nicotinamide riboside raises platelet nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide levels but cannot prevent storage lesion. Transfusion 2019; 60:165-174. [PMID: 31652008 PMCID: PMC6973138 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supplementation of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) precursor nicotinamide riboside (NR) has recently been shown to increase life‐span of cells, tissues, and entire organisms. [Correction added on 13 December 2019, after first online publication: In the preceding sentence, “adenine nicotinamide” was revised to “nicotinamide adenine.”] The impact of NR on platelet longevity has not been tested. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A pool‐and‐split design of buffy coat derived platelet concentrates (PCs) was used. One arm was treated with cumulative doses of NR‐triflate, the control arm with sodium triflate. Storage lesion was monitored for 23 days. Platelet metabolic and functional parameters were tested. Clearance of human platelets was measured in a mouse model of transfusion. RESULTS Total intracellular NAD levels in platelets decreased two‐fold from 4.8 ± 0.5 fmol (mean ± SD, n = 6) to 2.1 ± 1.8 fmol per 103 control cells, but increased almost 10‐fold to 41.5 ± 4.1 fmol per 103 NR treated platelets. This high intracellular NAD level had no significant impact on platelet count, mean platelet volume, swirling, nor on lactate and glucose levels. Platelet aggregation and integrin αIIbβ3 activation declined steadily and comparably in both conditions. GPIbα levels were slightly lower in NR‐treated platelets compared to control, but this was not caused by reduced receptor shedding because glycocalicin increased similarly. Apoptotic markers cytochrome c, Bcl‐xL, cleaved caspase‐3, and Bak were not different throughout storage for both conditions. Platelet survival in a mouse model of transfusion was not different between NR‐treated and control platelets. CONCLUSION Platelets carry the cellular machinery to metabolize NR into NAD at rates comparable to other eukaryotic cells. Unlike those cells, platelet life‐span cannot be prolonged using this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem Delabie
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Maes
- Laboratory For Thrombosis Research, KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Rosalie Devloo
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Karen Vanhoorelbeke
- Laboratory For Thrombosis Research, KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Veerle Compernolle
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Blood Services, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Hendrik B Feys
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Blood Services, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium
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9
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Abonnenc M, Tissot JD, Prudent M. General overview of blood products in vitro quality: Processing and storage lesions. Transfus Clin Biol 2018; 25:269-275. [PMID: 30241785 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2018.08.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Blood products are issued from blood collection. Collected blood is immediately mixed with anticoagulant solutions that immediately induce chemical and/or biochemical modifications. Collected blood is then transformed into different blood products according to various steps of fabrication. All these steps induce either reversible or irreversible "preparation-related" lesions that combine with "storage-related" lesions. This short paper aims to provide an overview of the alterations that are induced by the "non-physiological" processes used to prepare blood products that are used in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Abonnenc
- Transfusion interrégionale CRS, laboratoire de recherche sur les produits sanguins, route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Daniel Tissot
- Transfusion interrégionale CRS, laboratoire de recherche sur les produits sanguins, route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; Faculté de biologie et de médecine, université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Prudent
- Transfusion interrégionale CRS, laboratoire de recherche sur les produits sanguins, route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; Faculté de biologie et de médecine, université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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10
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High platelet content can increase storage lesion rates following Intercept pathogen inactivation primarily in platelet concentrates prepared by apheresis. Vox Sang 2018; 113:708. [PMID: 30324733 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Feys HB, Van Aelst B, Compernolle V. Biomolecular Consequences of Platelet Pathogen Inactivation Methods. Transfus Med Rev 2018; 33:29-34. [PMID: 30021699 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pathogen inactivation (PI) for platelet concentrates (PC) is a fairly recent development in transfusion medicine that is intended to decrease infectious disease transmission from the donor to the receiving patient. Effective inactivation of viruses, bacteria and eukaryotic parasites adds a layer of safety, protecting the blood supply against customary and emerging pathogens. Three PI methods have been described for platelets. These are based on photochemical damage of nucleic acids which prevents replication of most infectious pathogens and contaminating donor leukocytes. Because platelets do not replicate, the collateral damage to platelet function is considered low to non-existing. This is disputable however because photochemistry is not specific for nucleic acids and significantly affects platelet biomolecules as well. The impact of these biomolecular changes on platelet function and hemostasis is not well understood, but is increasingly being studied. The results of these studies can help explain current and future clinical observations with PI platelets, including the impact on transfusion yield and bleeding. This review summarizes the biomolecular effects of PI treatment on platelets. We conclude that despite a comparable principle of photochemical inactivation, all three methods affect platelets in different ways. This knowledge can help blood banks and transfusion specialists to guide their choice when considering the implementation or clinical use of PI treated platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik B Feys
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Britt Van Aelst
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium; Blood Service of the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Veerle Compernolle
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Blood Service of the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium
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12
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Feys HB, Devloo R, Sabot B, Coene J, Compernolle V. Comparison of three commercially available buffy coat pooling sets for the preparation of platelet concentrates. Vox Sang 2018; 113:555-561. [PMID: 29797720 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A disposable set for platelet concentrate (PC) preparation by the buffy coat method allows pooling of buffy coats, centrifugation and cell separation with in-line leucocyte filtration. This study compares three commercially available pooling sets in combination with INTERCEPT pathogen inactivation (PI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Sets for pooling of buffy coats were from Fresenius Kabi (FRE), Macopharma (MAC) and Terumo BCT (TER). Platelet yield, recovery and concentration were compared before and after PI (n = 20). Platelet quality was assessed by annexin V binding, P-selectin expression and PAC1 binding. RESULTS The TER pooling set had the highest platelet yield (5·39 ± 0·44 × 1011 ) compared with MAC (4·53 ± 0·77) and FRE (4·56 ± 0·51) prior to PI. This was the result of a significantly higher platelet concentration in the TER storage bag (1·41 ± 0·12 × 106 /μL) compared with MAC (1·18 ± 0·19) and FRE (1·28 ± 0·15). However, the TER platelet content decreased by 15·6% after PI, yielding 4·55 ± 0·47 × 1011 platelets compared with smaller reductions at 9·5% for MAC (4·10 ± 0·69) and 4·4% for FRE (4·36 ± 0·52). None of the individual PC contained >106 leucocytes. The pH in TER PC was lower compared with MAC and FRE caused by a higher lactic acid production rate. Consequently, PAC1 binding after TRAP activation was lowest for TER PC on day 6. P-selectin and annexin V were not different between suppliers. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the added value of evaluating the entire component production process when introducing a new consumable. This study helped to inform a decision on what pooling set is ideally suited for routine implementation taking into account PI.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Feys
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - R Devloo
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
| | - B Sabot
- Blood Service of the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
| | - J Coene
- Blood Service of the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
| | - V Compernolle
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Blood Service of the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
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