“Cavernous sinus syndrome” or “middle cranial fossa syndrome”: Considerations on terminology

Persistent Bilateral Mydriasis Associated With a Pituitary Adenoma in a Horse

Severe bilateral mydriasis and bilaterally decreased vision were observed in a 23-year-old crossbred warmblood gelding with a history of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. Ten years after the onset of clinical signs, it was killed humanely because of worsening of clinical signs and loss of therapeutic responsiveness. Postmortem examination of the head was performed to confirm the suspected pituitary neoplasm and to investigate secondary oculomotor lesions. Pathomorphologic examination revealed an expansile space-occupying pituitary adenoma and degenerative changes in the preganglionic oculomotor nerve, ciliary ganglion, and optic chiasm. The ocular clinical findings share features of a cavernous sinus syndrome.