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Morawska-Kozłowska M, Wilkosz A, Zhalniarovich Y. The Omentum-A Forgotten Structure in Veterinary Surgery in Small Animals' Surgery. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1848. [PMID: 38997960 PMCID: PMC11240631 DOI: 10.3390/ani14131848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The greater and lesser omentum are derived from embryonic mesogastrium. The expansive greater omentum in dogs covers intestinal coils, while in cats, it is smaller. Comprising distinct portions, the greater omentum is rich in lymphatics and blood vessels. Conversely, the lesser omentum spans the liver, stomach, and duodenum. Studies on canine omentum reveal unique immune cell composition and regenerative potential attributed to adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs). These cells hold promise in regenerative medicine, showing enhanced abilities compared with ADSCs from other sources. The omentum is critical in tissue repair and pathology, making it invaluable in veterinary surgery across various medical fields. The aim of this article was to research current knowledge about the applications of the omentum in veterinary surgery and the possibilities of using this structure in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Morawska-Kozłowska
- Department of Surgery and Radiology with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wilkosz
- Department of Surgery and Radiology with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Yauheni Zhalniarovich
- Department of Surgery and Radiology with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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Higuchi M, Katayama M. Clinical outcomes of orthogonal plating to treat radial and ulnar fractures in toy-breed dogs. J Small Anim Pract 2021; 62:1001-1006. [PMID: 34260758 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the results of orthogonal plating (OP) as a treatment for fractures of the radius and ulna in toy-breed dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS The medical records (June 2011 to April 2019) of toy-breeds in which the OP technique using non-locking cuttable plates was employed to treat radial and ulnar fractures were reviewed. The inclusion criteria included a bodyweight of 3.5 kg or less, fracture of the diaphysis of the radius and ulna of one or both forelimbs, and the availability of follow-up radiographs. Revision surgeries were also included. RESULTS Fifteen limbs that underwent initial fracture repair and five that underwent revision surgery met the inclusion criteria. The radial and ulnar fractures healed in 19 limbs at the final follow-up. Synostosis of the radius and ulna at the fracture sites was observed in one limb. Re-fracture after cranial plate removal was observed in one case. All dogs exhibited successful return of normal limb function at the final clinical and radiographic follow-up (mean, 104.7 ± 67.1 days; median, 79.5 days; range: 35 to 248 days). Long-term follow-up data obtained via telephone interviews to owners or referring veterinarians were available for 15 cases and confirmed maintenance of normal limb function in all dogs (mean, 32.5 ± 17.6 months; median, 26 months; range: 11 to 69 months). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OP allowed the successful open reduction of radial and ulnar fractures, facilitating bone union in both the radius and ulna and a return to normal limb function in a series of toy-breed dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Higuchi
- Animal Orthopedic Referral Hospital, Oita, 877-0013, Japan
| | - M Katayama
- Division of Companion Animal Surgery, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
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Planner F, Feichtner F, Meyer-Lindenberg A. Comparative microcomputed tomographic structural analysis of the trabecular and cortical bone architecture of radius and ulna in toy dog breeds. Res Vet Sci 2021; 136:324-335. [PMID: 33761436 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Radius and ulna fractures can be detected in dogs with an incidence of 18.0% and occur more frequently in toy breeds with increased complication rates. The reasons for the predisposition and the increased complication rate of antebrachial fractures in toy breeds are not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to research the associated mechanisms by investigating the trabecular structure parameters (BV/TV (%), Tb.N (mm-1), Tb.Th (mm), Tb.Sp (mm), Conn. D (mm-3), DA) and the cortical bone density (Mean Density (mg HA/ccm)) for toy breeds and small dogs of other breeds using microcomputed tomography and to identify the differences between both groups. A total of 70 forearms, originating from toy breeds (n = 36) and small dogs of other breeds (n = 34) were evaluated by microcomputed tomography. The results of this study showed a lower bone volume fraction (BV/TV), more (Tb.N) but thinner trabeculae (Tb.Th) with greater separation (Tb.Sp) and decreased diaphyseal cortical density (Mean Density) in toy breed dogs. This could thus contribute to the increased risk of antebrachial fractures in toy breeds. Within the group of toy breeds inhomogeneous results were observed, whereby the values of the Chihuahuas deviated. This breed had significantly thinner trabeculae (Tb.Th) with a greater trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), lower bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and significantly lower diaphyseal cortical density (Mean Density). These parameters could therefore indicate an increased antebrachial fracture and complication risk, especially in Chihuahuas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Planner
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany.
| | - Franziska Feichtner
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Meyer-Lindenberg
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
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Sônego D, Moi T, Pires M, Dias J, Kemper B, Amude A, Cunha O, Yamauchi K. Enxerto pediculado de omento maior como adjuvante no tratamento de osteomielite de tíbia em cão ˗ relato de caso. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-11816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO A osteomielite é um desafio terapêutico em ortopedia, capaz de retardar ou mesmo impedir a consolidação óssea. O omento, há anos, tem sido empregado como alternativa em diferentes procedimentos cirúrgicos, por sua capacidade, entre outras, de angiogênese, sendo aplicado na ortopedia veterinária quando há o risco de não união óssea. Neste caso, um cão Fila Brasileiro foi submetido à realização de enxerto com retalho pediculado de omento maior, após osteomielite resistente presente em osteossíntese de fratura múltipla de tíbia aberta grau II. Durante 16 dias, manteve-se a comunicação do retalho, mas, diante do risco de peritonite, o pedículo foi seccionado. Numa sequência de intervenções cirúrgicas, após 89 dias, houve cicatrização óssea e remissão da osteomielite, mesmo na presença de bactérias multirresistentes. Neste relato, o omento foi efetivo como terapia adjuvante no tratamento da osteomielite e garantiu o retorno da função do membro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - B. Kemper
- Universidade do Norte do Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - O. Cunha
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil
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Risselada M, Winter MD, Lewis DD, Griffith E, Pozzi A. Comparison of three imaging modalities used to evaluate bone healing after tibial tuberosity advancement in cranial cruciate ligament-deficient dogs and comparison of the effect of a gelatinous matrix and a demineralized bone matrix mix on bone healing - a pilot study. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:164. [PMID: 29784034 PMCID: PMC5963028 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1490-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bone healing and assessment of the state of bone bridging is an important part of clinical orthopedics, whether for fracture healing or for follow up of osteotomy procedures. Tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) is designed to restore stability in cruciate deficient stifle joints by advancing the tuberosity while creating an osteotomy gap. The current study aims to: 1) compare three different imaging modalities to assess bone healing: ultrasound, radiographs and computed tomography (CT) and, to 2) compare the effect of a gelatinous matrix (GM) versus a demineralized bone matrix mix (DBM mix) on bone healing and bridging of this osteotomy gap in 10 otherwise healthy client-owned dogs with cranial cruciate ligament insufficiency. Osseous union of the osteotomy gap was evaluated with ultrasound, radiographs and CT at one, two, and 3 months postoperatively. Dogs were randomly selected to receive GM or DBM mix to fill the osteotomy gap created during the TTA procedure. Bone healing was assessed subjectively on all modalities as well as scored on radiographs and measured using Hounsfield units (HUs) on CT. Time to heal based on ultrasound, radiographs and CT were statistically compared between groups with significance set at p < 0.05. Results All osteotomy gaps were bridged with bone within 3 months for all modalities. Bridging bone was diagnosed in 5.6 weeks, 10.4 weeks and 9.6 weeks based on ultrasound, radiographs, and CT, respectively, in dogs treated with DBM mix. In dogs treated with GM osseous union was diagnosed in a mean of 4.0 weeks, 9.6 weeks and 7.2 weeks based on ultrasound, radiographs and CT. Ultrasound diagnosed osseous union significantly faster than both CT and radiographs (p < 0.001). The dimensions of the newly formed bone differed between treatment groups with the central portion of the bone only providing a small bridge in GM cases. Although bridging of the osteotomy gap occurred earlier in the group that received GM, no significant statistical difference was found between the two groups. Conclusions Radiographs overestimate the time needed for osseous union of the osteotomy gap. All osteotomy sites healed radiographically within 3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marije Risselada
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0126, USA. .,Present address: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, Lynn Hall, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Matthew D Winter
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0126, USA
| | - Daniel D Lewis
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0126, USA
| | - Emily Griffith
- Department of Statistics, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Antonio Pozzi
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0126, USA.,Present address: Department for Small Animals, Vetsuisse University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 258c, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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