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Marmitt DJ, Vettorazzi G, Bortoluzzi L, Alves C, Silva J, Pinteus S, Martins A, Gaspar H, Pedrosa R, da Silva J, Henriques JAP, Laufer S, Goettert MI. Wound healing potential and anti-inflammatory action of extracts and compounds of Myrciaria plinioides D. Legrand leaves. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01547-3. [PMID: 39133352 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01547-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Wounds or chronic injuries are associated with high medical costs so, develop healing-oriented drugs is a challenge for modern medicine. The identification of new therapeutic alternatives focuses on the use of natural products. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to evaluate the healing potential and anti-inflammatory mechanism of action of extracts and the main compounds derived from Myrciaria plinioides D. Legrand leaves. The antimicrobial activity of leaf extracts was analyzed. Cell viability, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of plant extracts and compounds were also assessed. Release of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and TGF-β by ELISA, and protein expression was determined by Western Blot. The cell migration and cell proliferation of ethanol and aqueous leaf extracts and p-coumaric acid, quercetin and caffeic acid compounds were also evaluated. The aqueous extract exhibited antibacterial activity and, after determining the safety concentrations in three assays, we showed that this extract induced p38-α MAPK phosphorylation and the same extract and the p-coumaric acid decreased COX-2 and caspase-3, -8 expression, as well as reduced the TNF-α release and stimulated the IL-10 in RAW 264.7 cells. In L929 cells, the extract and p-coumaric acid induced TGF-β release, besides increasing the process of cell migration and proliferation. These results suggested that the healing properties of Myrciaria plinioides aqueous extract can be associated to the presence of phenolic compounds, especially p-coumaric acid, and/or glycosylated metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diorge Jônatas Marmitt
- Cell Culture Laboratory, Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Taquari Valley University-Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela Vettorazzi
- Cell Culture Laboratory, Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Taquari Valley University-Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
| | - Luísa Bortoluzzi
- Cell Culture Laboratory, Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Taquari Valley University-Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
| | - Celso Alves
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic University of Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Joana Silva
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic University of Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Susete Pinteus
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic University of Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Alice Martins
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic University of Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Helena Gaspar
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic University of Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, C8, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Pedrosa
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic University of Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) and LaSalle University (UniLaSalle), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - João Antonio Pêgas Henriques
- Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul-UCS, Caxias Do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Stefan Laufer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Márcia Inês Goettert
- Cell Culture Laboratory, Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Taquari Valley University-Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
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Ravichandran A, Sivapackiam J, Periasamy S. Oral bacterial insights from a comparative study between healthy and comorbid diseased human individuals. Microb Pathog 2024; 191:106643. [PMID: 38631413 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The human oral cavity is colonized by a diverse microbial community, which includes both native and transient colonizers. The microbial composition is crucial for maintaining oral homeostasis, but due to overgrowth or imbalances of these microbial communities, dysbiosis can occur. There is a lack of understanding of the research of native and transient colonizers in the oral cavity of the Indian subpopulation Therefore, in our present study, we explored the role and prevalence of transient and native colonizers between healthy and comorbid oral diseased human individuals. Culture-dependent techniques and culture-independent 16S r DNA metagenomic analyses were employed to isolate and study the interactions of native and transient colonizers from human oral samples. Among the 66 human individuals of both healthy and comorbid individuals, the most abundant isolate was found to be Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MCC 4424. In addition, the more prevalent culturable isolate from the healthy samples was Streptococcus salivarius MTCC 13009, whereas in comorbid samples Staphylococcus pasteuri MTCC 13076, Rothia dentocariosa MTCC 13010 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 13077 were prevalent to a greater extent. 16S rDNA metagenomic analyses revealed the prevalence and abundance of genera such as Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria in healthy individuals; consequently, Fusobacteria and Firmicutes were observed mostly in comorbid individuals. The significant differences in bacterial population density were observed in terms of the Shannon index (p = 0.5145) and Simpson index (p = 0.9061) between the healthy and comorbid groups. B. amyloliquefaciens MCC 4424 exhibits antagonistic behavior when grown as a dual-species with native and transient colonizers. This result is very consistent with the findings of antibiofilm studies using confocal laser scanning microscopy, which revealed a significant reduction in biofilm biovolume (73 %) and maximum thickness (80 %) and an increase in the rough coefficient of biofilms (30 %). Our data suggested that B. amyloliquefaciens MCC 4424 can be a native colonizer of Indian sub-populations. It may act as a novel candidate for oral healthcare applications and greatly aids in the regulation of transient species in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Ravichandran
- Centre of Excellence in Biofilms, Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College (Autonomous), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Jothilingam Sivapackiam
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Saravanan Periasamy
- Centre of Excellence in Biofilms, Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College (Autonomous), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamilnadu, India.
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Wang X, Duan H, Li M, Xu W, Wei L. Characterization and mechanism of action of amphibian-derived wound-healing-promoting peptides. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1219427. [PMID: 37397255 PMCID: PMC10309037 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1219427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound-healing-promoting peptides are excellent candidates for developing wound-healing agents due to their small size and low production cost. Amphibians are one of the major sources of bioactive peptides, including wound-healing-promoting peptides. So far, a series of wound-healing-promoting peptides have been characterized from amphibians. We hereby summarized the amphibian-derived wound-healing-promoting peptides and their mechanism of action. Among these peptides, two peptides (tylotoin and TK-CATH) were characterized from salamanders, and twenty five peptides were characterized from frogs. These peptides generally have small sizes with 5-80 amino acid residues, nine peptides (tiger17, cathelicidin-NV, cathelicidin-DM, OM-LV20, brevinin-2Ta, brevinin-2PN, tylotoin, Bv8-AJ, and RL-QN15) have intramolecular disulfide bonds, seven peptides (temporin A, temporin B, esculentin-1a, tiger17, Pse-T2, DMS-PS2, FW-1, and FW-2) are amidated at the C-terminus, and the others are linear peptides without modifications. They all efficiently accelerated the healing of skin wounds or photodamage in mice or rats. They selectively promoted the proliferation and migration of keratinocytes and fibroblasts, recruited neutrophils and macrophages to wounds, and regulated the immune response of neutrophils and macrophages in wounds, which were essential for wound healing. Interestingly, MSI-1, Pse-T2, cathelicidin-DM, brevinin-2Ta, brevinin-2PN, and DMS-PS2 were just antimicrobial peptides, but they also significantly promoted the healing of infected wounds by clearing off bacteria. Considering the small size, high efficiency, and definite mechanism, amphibian-derived wound-healing-promoting peptides might be excellent candidates for developing novel wound-healing-promoting agents in future.
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Salem SH, El-Maraghy SS, Abdel-Mallek AY, Abdel-Rahman MAA, Hassanein EHM, Al-Bedak OA, El-Aziz FEZAA. The antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and wound healing properties of ethyl acetate crude extract of an endophytic fungus Paecilomyces sp. (AUMC 15510) in earthworm model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19239. [PMID: 36357560 PMCID: PMC9649741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23831-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The endophytic fungus Paecilomyces sp. (AUMC 15510) was isolated from healthy stem samples of the Egyptian medicinal plant Cornulaca monacantha. We used GC-MS and HPLC analysis to identify the bioactive constituents of ethyl acetate crude extract of Paecilomyces sp. (PsEAE). Six human microbial pathogens have been selected to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of PsEAE. Our data showed that the extract has significant antimicrobial activity against all tested pathogens. However, the best inhibitory effect was observed against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 90274 with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3.9 μg/ml and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 15.6 μg/ml, for both pathogens. Also, PsEAE exerts a significant inhibition on the biofilm formation of the previously mentioned pathogenic strains. In addition, we evaluated the wound healing efficiency of PsEAE on earthworms (Lumbricus castaneus) as a feasible and plausible model that mimics human skin. Interestingly, PsEAE exhibited a promising wound healing activity and enhanced wound closure. In conclusion, Paecilomyces sp. (AUMC 15510) could be a sustainable source of antimicrobial agents and a potential therapeutic target for wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa H Salem
- Fungal Physiology Laboratory, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Saad S El-Maraghy
- Fungal Physiology Laboratory, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Y Abdel-Mallek
- Mycology Laboratory, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University-Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Osama A Al-Bedak
- Assiut University Mycological Centre (AUMC), Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Harsha G, Haritha S, Arthi S. Role of Resopac® as an intraoral dressing material for the surgical wound: A randomized controlled clinicaltrial. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2022; 12:604-609. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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Murphy C, Atkin L, Vega de Ceniga M, Weir D, Swanson T, Walker A, Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska B, Ciprandi G, Martínez JLL, Černohorská J. Embedding Wound Hygiene into a proactive wound healing strategy. J Wound Care 2022; 31:S1-S19. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2022.31.sup4a.s1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Foreword. Wound Hygiene: the next stage Since a panel published the first consensus document on Wound Hygiene in March 2020, there has been a flurry of activity in support of this newly established concept in proactive wound healing. 1 The document concluded that all wounds, particularly hard-to-heal ones, will benefit from Wound Hygiene, which should be initiated at the first referral, following a full holistic assessment to identify the wound aetiology and comorbidities, and then implemented at every dressing change until full healing occurs. 1 The consensus has since been bolstered by educational webinars; competency-based skills training and support; development of international Wound Hygiene ambassadors; a survey of 1478 respondents, published in July 2021; 2 and a case study supplement, published in January 2022, featuring a range of wound types, anatomies and underlying conditions on the improvements in wound-healing progress that can be achieved. 3 Wound Hygiene has gained its own identity and is now a term in and of itself, that encompasses a 4-step protocol of care. It is an antibiofilm approach that is increasingly being used across wound care. The results of the survey 2 were particularly encouraging for seeing how far Wound Hygiene has come, and how quickly: More than half (57.4%) had heard of the concept of Wound Hygiene Of those, 75.3% have implemented Wound Hygiene Overall, following implementation of Wound Hygiene, 80.3% of respondents reported improved healing rates. 2 However, the top three barriers identified by the survey—lack of confidence, competence and research data—show that there is more to be done to support Wound Hygiene in practice. 2 As a result, a consensus panel of international key opinion leaders convened virtually in the summer of 2021 to discuss what has been done so far, the outputs of the survey, and ideas for addressing the unmet needs identified by the results. The result is this publication, which represents an addendum to the initial consensus document, broadening support for implementation of Wound Hygiene. This document will reflect on the reasons Wound Hygiene has been successful in its first two years of implementation, reiterating its DNA: Do not wait to treat hard-to-heal wounds Use a simple 4-step approach Enable all healthcare professionals to implement and use Wound Hygiene. The document will also discuss the evolution of the Wound Hygiene concept, focusing on how and when to implement Wound Hygiene on all tissue types of hard-to-heal wounds, and proposing what these are. The panel has expanded the framework in which Wound Hygiene is used, with the ultimate objective of introducing the concept of ‘embedding Wound Hygiene intro a proactive wound healing strategy.’ Key inefficiencies are often observed along the journeys of people living with hard-to-heal wounds. The limited number of specialised healthcare professionals and the resulting delays in reaching them may increase the likelihood of a hard-to-heal wound developing. In a world where so much is happening so quickly that we may, at times, feel powerless to drive change, the panel wants to provide further guidance to propel the use of Wound Hygiene. The concept of Wound Hygiene is resonating, and the panel wants you to know that in whatever region you work, in whatever area of clinical practice, you are enabled to make this change. Wielding the 4-step Wound Hygiene protocol consistently is a key action every healthcare professional in every care setting can take to tackle the global wound care crisis. Wound Hygiene has taken off—now, where do we want to land? In a place where Wound Hygiene is practised on all wounds, at every stage, until healing. The panel once again recognises that the community of global healthcare providers should consider their local standards and guidelines when applying the recommendations of this document. To this end, the panel has created a flexible 3-phase framework that situates Wound Hygiene as integral to proactive wound healing. The panel hopes you will continue to implement Wound Hygiene and see the benefits it can bring to people living with wounds, as well as those who care for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Murphy
- Vascular Nurse Specialist, The Ottawa Hospital Limb Preservation Centre, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Leanne Atkin
- Vascular Nurse Consultant, Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Huddersfield, UK
| | - Melina Vega de Ceniga
- Consultant Angiologist, Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Dot Weir
- Wound Clinician, Consultant at Saratoga Hospital Center for Wound Healing and Hyperbaric Medicine, US
| | - Terry Swanson
- Nurse Practitioner, Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia
| | - Angela Walker
- Podiatry Lead Clinical Specialist, Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Beata Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska
- Associate Professor, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Guido Ciprandi
- Chief Wound Care Surgical Unit, Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Research Institute, Rome, Italy
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Thapa RK, Grønlien KG, Tønnesen HH. Protein-Based Systems for Topical Antibacterial Therapy. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 3:685686. [PMID: 35047932 PMCID: PMC8757810 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2021.685686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, proteins are gaining attention as potential materials for antibacterial therapy. Proteins possess beneficial properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, low immunogenic response, ability to control drug release, and can act as protein-mimics in wound healing. Different plant- and animal-derived proteins can be developed into formulations (films, hydrogels, scaffolds, mats) for topical antibacterial therapy. The application areas for topical antibacterial therapy can be wide including bacterial infections in the skin (e.g., acne, wounds), eyelids, mouth, lips, etc. One of the major challenges of the healthcare system is chronic wound infections. Conventional treatment strategies for topical antibacterial therapy of infected wounds are inadequate, and the development of newer and optimized formulations is warranted. Therefore, this review focuses on recent advances in protein-based systems for topical antibacterial therapy in infected wounds. The opportunities and challenges of such protein-based systems along with their future prospects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Thapa
- Section for Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Hanne Hjorth Tønnesen
- Section for Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Korolenkova MV, Poberezhnaya AA, Dmitrieva NA. [Oral microbiome in children with dystrophic recessive epidermolysis bullosa]. STOMATOLOGIIA 2022; 101:46-52. [PMID: 35184533 DOI: 10.17116/stomat202210101146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
THE AIM OF THE STUDY Was to assess bacterial load in oral wounds in children with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study comprised 77 RDEB children aged 3-18 years (mean age 9.5±3.6 years) and 27 healthy children aged 4-18 years (mean age 9.8±4.1 years) who served as controls. Swabs for bacteriological study were taken from the oral wounds in RDEB patients and non-affected corresponding oral mucosa areas in controls. The microorganism growth was assessed after 24, 48 and 72 hours of incubation (37 °C and 30 °C) with subsequent identification in automatic bacteriological analyzer MicroScan Walk Away (Simens, USA). Results. The study revealed high prevalence and concentrations of Candida albicans (in 40.3% children), Staphilococcus aureus (23.4%), Enterobacter cloacae (9.1%), and Enterobacteria (10.4%) in RDEB children. From these species, only Candida albicans was present in controls (26%). The prevalence and concentration of commensal and pathogenic species correlated positively with age and significant difference was revealed between children at the age of 3-6 and 7-10 years (p=0.001). Thus, bacterial load in oral wounds correlates with the RDEB natural history and fibrosis progression. Delayed oral wound healing was associated with microbiome shift towards biofilm-producing bacteria Staphilococcus aureus and Enterobacter cloacae. CONCLUSION Oral wounds microbiome may be an indicator of RDEB severity and tendency to oral fibrosis. The decrease of bacterial load in the oral wounds may remove one of the healing obstacles and serve as fibrosis prevention measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Korolenkova
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Regional Research Institute named after M.F. Vladimirskiy, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Poberezhnaya
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - N A Dmitrieva
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
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Niazy AA. LuxS quorum sensing system and biofilm formation of oral microflora: A short review article. Saudi Dent J 2021; 33:116-123. [PMID: 33679103 PMCID: PMC7910685 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The LuxS quorum sensing system is considered as the main system that most of the oral bacteria use to communicate in order to create biofilms. Here we identified 11 of the most important biofilm formers that utilize the LuxS system and presented current and recent information regarding this system. Though different bacterial species are able to communicate thorough the LuxS system, it was also found that cross kingdom communication can occur between bacteria and fungi and bacteria and epithelial cells. Immune response also plays and important role in mitigating the effects of biofilms. Here we identified 6 of the most important molecules that are involved in the immune response to biofilms. These immune molecules maintain the stability in the oral cavity by preventing bacteria from overwhelming the space and simultaneously minimizing the immune response in order not to cause tissue damage. Here we also discuss current research being done in order to maintain the balance in the oral cavity via inhibiting biofilm formation without eradicating oral bacteria in order to prevent the overgrowth of other organisms such as Candida albicans. One approach being used is inhibiting AI-2 intermediates which leads to lack of quorum sensing communication between bacteria through the use of intermediate analogues. Another approach that found success is the utilization of D forms of sugars where D-ribose and D-galactose have been proven to inhibit the LuxS system and subsequently preventing the process of quorum sensing leading to the reduction in biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurahman A. Niazy
- Address: Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Prince Naif bin AbdulAziz Health Research Center, College of Dentistry, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
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Nagasundarapandian S, Cho HS, Prathap S, Kang M, Choi M, Lee Y, Jeon H, Song H, Kim JH, Park C. Cathelicidin ΔPb-CATH4 derived from Python bivittatus accelerates the healing of Staphylococcus aureus-infected wounds in mice. Amino Acids 2021; 53:313-317. [PMID: 33576904 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-02948-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of ΔPb-CATH4, a cathelicidin derived from Python bivittatus, were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus-infected wounds in mice. These effects were comparable to those of classical antibiotics. ΔPb-CATH4 was resistant to bacterial protease but not to porcine trypsin. A reduction in the level of inflammatory cytokines and an increase in the migration of immune cells was observed in vitro. Thus, ΔPb-CATH4 can promote wound healing by controlling infections including those caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria via its immunomodulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hye-Sun Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Somasundaram Prathap
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Mingue Kang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Munjeong Choi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Yunjung Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Hyoim Jeon
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Chankyu Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul, 05029, Korea.
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Akkermansia muciniphila is Negatively Correlated with Hemoglobin A1c in Refractory Diabetes. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091360. [PMID: 32899513 PMCID: PMC7565276 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with refractory diabetes are defined as type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients; they cannot achieve optimal glycemic control and exhibit persistent elevations of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥8% while on appropriate therapy. Hyperglycemia can lead to severe microvascular/macrovascular complications. However, in contrast to T2D, few studies have focused specifically on the gut microbiota in refractory diabetes. To examine this issue, we recruited 79 subjects with T2D and refractory diabetes (RT2D), and all subjects received standard therapy with Metformin or other hypoglycemic agents with or without insulin for at least one year. The α-diversity displayed no significant difference, whereas the β-diversity showed a marginal significance (p = 0.054) between T2D and RT2D. The evaluation of taxonomic indices revealed reductions in both Akkermansia muciniphila and Fusobacterium and a corresponding enrichment of Bacteroides vulgatus, Veillonella denticariosi among those with RT2D. These microbial markers distinguished RT2D from T2D with an acceptable degree of discrimination (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.719, p < 0.01) and were involved in several glucose-related functional pathways. Furthermore, the relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila was negatively correlated with HbA1c. Our combined results reveal unique features of the gut microbiota in RT2D and suggest that the evaluation of the gut microbiota could provide insights into the mechanisms underlying glycemic control and the impact of therapeutic modalities in patients with RT2D.
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Noizet M, Bianchi P, Galliano MF, Caruana A, Brandner JM, Bessou-Touya S, Duplan H. Broad spectrum repairing properties of an extract of Aquaphilus dolomiae on in vitro and ex vivo models of injured skin. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34 Suppl 5:37-42. [PMID: 32870551 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A biological concentrate was produced from cultures of an Avène aquatic microflora isolate, namely Aquaphilus dolomiae. Some of the beneficial effects on diseased and damaged skin are thought to be due to the presence of this microorganism. AIMS An extract of A. dolomiae (A. dolomiae extract-G2, ADE-G2) was evaluated for its wound-healing effects using in vitro and ex vivo models of injured skin. METHODS The effect of ADE-G2 on the proliferation of fibroblasts, migration of keratinocytes and re-epithelialization of ex vivo wounded skin explants was measured. Antimicrobial protection by ADE-G2 was measured by analysing the gene expression of a panel of antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) in keratinocytes (RNASE7, S100A7, DEFB4A/B and DEFb103B), as well as the protein encoded by DEFB4A-B (hBD2) in the medium. RESULTS ADE-G2 increased fibroblast proliferation and keratinocyte migration, as well as re-epithelialization of wounded ex vivo skin. ADE-G2 induced the expression of all AMP genes analysed in keratinocytes, as well as stimulated the release in to the medium of hBD2 peptide, encoded by DEFB4A/B. CONCLUSIONS We have shown the broad spectrum of the repairing properties of the A. dolomiae extract, ADE-G2. These results support the use of ADE-G2 as a promising component for use in formulations aimed at repairing skin, limiting wound superinfection and preventing complicated wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Noizet
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Toulouse, France
| | - P Bianchi
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Toulouse, France
| | | | - A Caruana
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Toulouse, France
| | - J M Brandner
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - H Duplan
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Toulouse, France
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Clinical Detection of Chronic Rhinosinusitis through Next-Generation Sequencing of the Oral Microbiota. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060959. [PMID: 32604855 PMCID: PMC7356624 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is the chronic inflammation of the sinus cavities of the upper respiratory tract, which can be caused by a disrupted microbiome. However, the role of the oral microbiome in CRS is not well understood. Polymicrobial and anaerobic infections of CRS frequently increased the difficulty of cultured and antibiotic therapy. This study aimed to elucidate the patterns and clinical feasibility of the oral microbiome in CRS diagnosis. Matched saliva and nasal swabs were collected from 18 CRS patients and 37 saliva specimens from normal volunteers were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. The α-diversity of the saliva displayed no significant difference between control and CRS patients, whereas the β-diversity was significantly different (p = 0.004). Taxonomic indices demonstrated that Veillonella dispar, Rothia mucilaginosa, and Porphyromonas endodontalis were enriched, while Campylobacter and Cardiobacterium were reduced in the saliva of CRS patients. These microbial markers could significantly distinguish CRS patients from control (AUC = 0.939). It is noted that the 16S rRNA results of the nasal swab were consistent with the nasopharynx aerobic culture, and additionally detected multiple pathogens in CRS patients. In summary, these results indicated these oral microbiomes may provide a novel signal for CRS detection and that NGS may be an alternative approach for CRS diagnosis.
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Protection of an intraoral surgical wound with a new dressing: a randomised controlled clinical trial. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 58:766-770. [PMID: 32279888 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Operations that involve the maxillofacial region often require intraoral incisions, and contamination of these wounds is common as a result of the presence of saliva, plaque, and food debris. Postoperative infection is therefore common. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of an intraoral dressing material, Reso-Pac®, in improving postoperative comfort for patients and its effect on wound healing. One hundred patients who required removal of impacted mandibular third molars were recruited, and were randomised into two groups (50 in each). A standardised surgical technique was used for removal of the impacted teeth, and wounds were closed with sutures. Postoperatively, the study group was given Reso-Pac® dressing while the control group was not. Postoperative pain was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Wound healing was assessed with the help of Landry's scale, and we also measured thermal sensitivity. Data were analysed using the paired t test. The results in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group (p<0.001). Reso-Pac® promoted wound healing and improved patients' comfort during the postoperative phase.
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15
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Murphy C, Atkin L, Swanson T, Tachi M, Tan YK, de Ceniga MV, Weir D, Wolcott R, Ĉernohorská J, Ciprandi G, Dissemond J, James GA, Hurlow J, Lázaro MartÍnez JL, Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska B, Wilson P. Defying hard-to-heal wounds with an early antibiofilm intervention strategy: wound hygiene. J Wound Care 2020; 29:S1-S26. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2020.29.sup3b.s1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Murphy
- Vascular Nurse Specialist, The Ottawa Hospital Limb Preservation Centre, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Leanne Atkin
- Vascular Nurse Consultant, Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Huddersfield, UK
| | - Terry Swanson
- Nurse Practitioner, Wound Management, Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia
| | - Masahiro Tachi
- Professor, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yih Kai Tan
- Director of Vascular Services, Consultant Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Melina Vega de Ceniga
- Consultant Angiologist, Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Dot Weir
- Saratoga Hospital Center for Wound Healing and Hyperbaric Medicine, Saratoga Springs, New York, US
| | | | | | - Guido Ciprandi
- Chief Wound Care Surgical Unit, Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Research Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Joachim Dissemond
- Professor of Dermatology and Venerology, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Garth A James
- Associate Research Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Director, Medical Biofilms Laboratory, Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, US
| | - Jenny Hurlow
- Wound Specialized Advanced Practice Nurse, Advanced Wound Care, Southaven, Mississippi and West Memphis, Arkansas, US
| | | | - Beata Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska
- Associate Professor, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pauline Wilson
- Clinical Specialist Podiatrist, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
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16
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Topical antimicrobial peptide formulations for wound healing: Current developments and future prospects. Acta Biomater 2020; 103:52-67. [PMID: 31874224 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are the natural antibiotics recognized for their potent antibacterial and wound healing properties. Bare AMPs have limited activity following topical application attributable to their susceptibility to environment (hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis), and wound (alkaline pH, proteolysis) related factors as well as minimal residence time. Therefore, the formulation of AMPs is essential to enhance stability, prolong delivery, and optimize effectiveness at the wound site. Different topical formulations of AMPs have been developed so far including nanoparticles, hydrogels, creams, ointments, and wafers to aid in controlling bacterial infection and enhance wound healing process in vivo. Herein, an overview is provided of the AMPs and current understanding of their formulations for topical wound healing applications along with suitable examples. Furthermore, future prospects for the development of effective combination AMP formulations are discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chronic wound infection and subsequent development of antibiotic resistance are serious clinical problems affecting millions of people worldwide. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) possess great potential in effectively killing the bacteria with minimal risk of resistance development. However, AMPs susceptibility to degradation following topical application limits their antimicrobial and wound healing effects. Therefore, development of an optimized topical formulation with high peptide stability and sustained AMP delivery is necessary to maximize the antimicrobial and wound healing effects. The present review provides an overview of the state-of-art in the field of topical AMP formulations for wound healing. Current developments in the field of topical AMP formulations are reviewed and future prospects for the development of effective combination AMP formulations are discussed.
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Identification of Periopathogenes from Dental Plaque in Periodontal Patients with PCR Technique and Their Association with Composite Interleukin-1 Genotype. Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) 2019; 40:89-97. [PMID: 31605582 DOI: 10.2478/prilozi-2019-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present study aimed to assess the presence of main types of microorganisms involved in the aetiopathogenesis of chronic periodontitis with PCR technique and determinates the presence of composite IL-1 genotype and their associations with founded bacteria. MATERIAL AND METHOD The examined group was consisted from 20 subjects with diagnosed chronic periodontitis and 20 healthy control without periodontitis. Clinical parameters like gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment lost (CAL) were determinates. Subgingival dental plaque was collected using a sterilized paper point. We used Parodontose Plus test, reverse hybridization kit, for the detection of periodontal marker bacteria, as well as for the detection of composite Interleukin -1 Genotype Results: The most present bacterial species detected from subgingival dental plaque was Treponema denticola and Porfiromonas gingivalis which was present in 65% of examined patients. In relation to the presence of positive genotype in patients, there was no significant difference between the test and control group for p> 0.05 (p = 1.00). For χ2=8,17 (p=0,06, p<0,05) there is an association between Prevotella intermedia, and composite genotype. Between positive genotype and analyzed bacterial species A. actinomycetem comitans for p> 0.05 (p = 1.00), P. gingivalis for p> 0.05 (p = 0.16), T. Forsythia for p> 0.05 (p = 0.20), T. Denticola for p> 0.05 (p = 0.64) no association was found. CONCLUSION This investigations confirmed the strong association of these five examined periopathogenes with periodontitis.
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18
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Silva CND, Silva FRD, Dourado LFN, Reis PVMD, Silva RO, Costa BLD, Nunes PS, Amaral FA, Santos VLD, de Lima ME, Silva Cunha Júnior AD. A New Topical Eye Drop Containing LyeTxI-b, A Synthetic Peptide Designed from A Lycosa erithrognata Venom Toxin, Was Effective to Treat Resistant Bacterial Keratitis. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11040203. [PMID: 30987317 PMCID: PMC6520776 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11040203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial keratitis is an ocular infection that can lead to severe visual disability. Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen of the eye. We recently demonstrated the strong antimicrobial activity of LyeTxI-b, a synthetic peptide derived from a Lycosa erithrognatha toxin. Herein, we evaluated a topical formulation (eye drops) containing LyeTxI-b to treat resistant bacterial keratitis. Keratitis was induced with intrastromal injection of 4 × 105 cells (4 µL) in New Zealand female white rabbits. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and biofilm viability were determined. LyeTxI-b ocular toxicity was evaluated through chorioallantoic membrane and Draize tests. One drop of the formulation (LyeTxI-b 28.9 µmol/L +0.5% CMC in 0.9% NaCl) was instilled into each eye four times a day, for a week. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy analysis, corneal histopathological studies and cellular infiltrate quantification through myeloperoxidase (MPO) and N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) detection were performed. LyeTxI-b was very effective in the treatment of keratitis, with no signs of ocular toxicity. Planktonic bacteria MIC was 3.6 µmol/L and LyeTxI-b treatment reduced biofilm viability in 90%. LyeTxI-b eliminated bacteria and reduced inflammatory cellular activity in the eyes. Healthy and treated animals showed similar NAG and MPO levels. LyeTxI-b is a potent new drug to treat resistant bacterial keratitis, showing effective antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Nunes da Silva
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901 MG, Brazil.
| | - Flavia Rodrigues da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde-PPGCAS, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto 49400-000 SE, Brazil.
| | | | - Pablo Victor Mendes Dos Reis
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901 MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Bruna Lopes da Costa
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901 MG, Brazil.
| | - Paula Santos Nunes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde-PPGCAS, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto 49400-000 SE, Brazil.
| | - Flávio Almeida Amaral
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901 MG, Brazil.
| | - Vera Lúcia Dos Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901 MG, Brazil.
| | - Maria Elena de Lima
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Biomedicina e Medicina, Ensino e Pesquisa da Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Grupo Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 30150-250, MG, Brazil.
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Borišek J, Pintar S, Ogrizek M, Grdadolnik SG, Hodnik V, Turk D, Perdih A, Novič M. Discovery of (phenylureido)piperidinyl benzamides as prospective inhibitors of bacterial autolysin E from Staphylococcus aureus. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:1239-1247. [PMID: 30141354 PMCID: PMC6116672 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1493474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Autolysin E (AtlE) is a cell wall degrading enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the β-1,4-glycosidic bond between the N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid units of the bacterial peptidoglycan. Using our recently determined crystal structure of AtlE from Staphylococcus aureus and a combination of pharmacophore modeling, similarity search, and molecular docking, a series of (Phenylureido)piperidinyl benzamides were identified as potential binders and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and saturation-transfer difference (STD) NMR experiments revealed that discovered compounds bind to AtlE in a lower micromolar range. (phenylureido)piperidinyl benzamides are the first reported non-substrate-like compounds that interact with this enzyme and enable further study of the interaction of small molecules with bacterial AtlE as potential inhibitors of this target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jure Borišek
- a National Institute of Chemistry , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Sara Pintar
- b Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology , Jozef Stefan Institute , Ljubljana , Slovenia.,c Jozef Stefan International Postgraduate School , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Mitja Ogrizek
- a National Institute of Chemistry , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | | | - Vesna Hodnik
- d Biotechnical Faculty , Infrastructural Center for Surface Plasmon Resonance , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Dušan Turk
- b Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology , Jozef Stefan Institute , Ljubljana , Slovenia.,e Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Andrej Perdih
- a National Institute of Chemistry , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Marjana Novič
- a National Institute of Chemistry , Ljubljana , Slovenia
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20
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Williams H, Campbell L, Crompton RA, Singh G, McHugh BJ, Davidson DJ, McBain AJ, Cruickshank SM, Hardman MJ. Microbial Host Interactions and Impaired Wound Healing in Mice and Humans: Defining a Role for BD14 and NOD2. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:2264-2274. [PMID: 29723492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic wounds cause significant patient morbidity and mortality. A key factor in their etiology is microbial infection, yet skin host-microbiota interactions during wound repair remain poorly understood. Microbiome profiles of noninfected human chronic wounds are associated with subsequent healing outcome. Furthermore, poor clinical healing outcome was associated with increased local expression of the pattern recognition receptor NOD2. To investigate NOD2 function in the context of cutaneous healing, we treated mice with the NOD2 ligand muramyl dipeptide and analyzed wound repair parameters and expression of antimicrobial peptides. Muramyl dipeptide treatment of littermate controls significantly delayed wound repair associated with reduced re-epithelialization, heightened inflammation, and up-regulation of murine β-defensins 1, 3, and particularly 14. We postulated that although murine β-defensin 14 might affect local skin microbial communities, it may further affect other healing parameters. Indeed, exogenously administered murine β-defensin 14 directly delayed mouse primary keratinocyte scratch wound closure in vitro. To further explore the role of murine β-defensin 14 in wound repair, we used Defb14-/- mice and showed they had a global delay in healing in vivo, associated with alterations in wound microbiota. Taken together, these studies suggest a key role for NOD2-mediated regulation of local skin microbiota, which in turn affects chronic wound etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Williams
- Division of Infection, Immunity, and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Laura Campbell
- Division of Infection, Immunity, and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Rachel A Crompton
- Division of Infection, Immunity, and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Gurdeep Singh
- Division of Infection, Immunity, and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Brian J McHugh
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Donald J Davidson
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew J McBain
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sheena M Cruickshank
- Division of Infection, Immunity, and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
| | - Matthew J Hardman
- Division of Infection, Immunity, and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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21
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Staphylococcus aureus Triggers Induction of miR-15B-5P to Diminish DNA Repair and Deregulate Inflammatory Response in Diabetic Foot Ulcers. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 138:1187-1196. [PMID: 29273315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a debilitating complication of diabetes in which bacterial presence, including the frequent colonizer Staphylococcus aureus, contributes to inhibition of healing. MicroRNAs (miRs) play a role in healing and host response to bacterial pathogens. However, the mechanisms by which miR response to cutaneous S. aureus contributes to DFU pathophysiology are unknown. Here, we show that S. aureus inhibits wound closure and induces miR-15b-5p in acute human and porcine wound models and in chronic DFUs. Transcriptome analyses of DFU tissue showed induction of miR-15b-5p to be critical, regulating many cellular processes, including DNA repair and inflammatory response, by suppressing downstream targets IKBKB, WEE1, FGF2, RAD50, MSH2, and KIT. Using a human wound model, we confirmed that S. aureus-triggered miR-15b-5p induction results in suppression of the inflammatory- and DNA repair-related genes IKBKB and WEE1. Inhibition of DNA repair and accumulation of DNA breaks was functionally confirmed by the presence of the pH2AX within colonized DFUs. We conclude that S. aureus induces miR-15b-5p, subsequently repressing DNA repair and inflammatory response, showing a mechanism of inhibition of healing in DFUs previously unreported, to our knowledge. This underscores a previously unknown role of DNA damage repair in the pathophysiology of DFUs colonized with S. aureus.
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22
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Brown ME, Zou Y, Peyyala R, Huja SS, Cunningham LL, Milbrandt TA, Dziubla TD, Puleo DA. Testing of a bioactive, moldable bone graft substitute in an infected, critically sized segmental defect model. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:1878-1886. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matt E. Brown
- F. Joseph Halcomb III, M.D. Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Kentucky; Lexington Kentucky
| | - Yuan Zou
- F. Joseph Halcomb III, M.D. Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Kentucky; Lexington Kentucky
| | - Rebecca Peyyala
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry; University of Kentucky; Lexington Kentucky
| | - Sarandeep S. Huja
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry; University of Kentucky; Lexington Kentucky
| | - Larry L. Cunningham
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry; University of Kentucky; Lexington Kentucky
| | - Todd A. Milbrandt
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; University of Kentucky; Lexington Kentucky
| | - Thomas D. Dziubla
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; University of Kentucky; Lexington Kentucky
| | - David A. Puleo
- F. Joseph Halcomb III, M.D. Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Kentucky; Lexington Kentucky
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23
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Cromie GA, Tan Z, Hays M, Sirr A, Jeffery EW, Dudley AM. Transcriptional Profiling of Biofilm Regulators Identified by an Overexpression Screen in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2017; 7:2845-2854. [PMID: 28673928 PMCID: PMC5555487 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.042440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm formation by microorganisms is a major cause of recurring infections and removal of biofilms has proven to be extremely difficult given their inherent drug resistance . Understanding the biological processes that underlie biofilm formation is thus extremely important and could lead to the development of more effective drug therapies, resulting in better infection outcomes. Using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a biofilm model, overexpression screens identified DIG1, SFL1, HEK2, TOS8, SAN1, and ROF1/YHR177W as regulators of biofilm formation. Subsequent RNA-seq analysis of biofilm and nonbiofilm-forming strains revealed that all of the overexpression strains, other than DIG1 and TOS8, were adopting a single differential expression profile, although induced to varying degrees. TOS8 adopted a separate profile, while the expression profile of DIG1 reflected the common pattern seen in most of the strains, plus substantial DIG1-specific expression changes. We interpret the existence of the common transcriptional pattern seen across multiple, unrelated overexpression strains as reflecting a transcriptional state, that the yeast cell can access through regulatory signaling mechanisms, allowing an adaptive morphological change between biofilm-forming and nonbiofilm states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth A Cromie
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98122
| | - Zhihao Tan
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98122
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648
| | - Michelle Hays
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Amy Sirr
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98122
| | - Eric W Jeffery
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98122
| | - Aimée M Dudley
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98122
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
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Withycombe C, Purdy K, Maddocks S. Micro-management: curbing chronic wound infection. Mol Oral Microbiol 2016; 32:263-274. [DOI: 10.1111/omi.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Withycombe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Cardiff School of Health Sciences; Cardiff Metropolitan University; Cardiff UK
| | - K.J. Purdy
- School of Life Sciences; University of Warwick; Coventry UK
| | - S.E. Maddocks
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Cardiff School of Health Sciences; Cardiff Metropolitan University; Cardiff UK
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25
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Gerber FA, Sahrmann P, Schmidlin OA, Heumann C, Beer JH, Schmidlin PR. Influence of obesity on the outcome of non-surgical periodontal therapy - a systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2016; 16:90. [PMID: 27590050 PMCID: PMC5010690 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-016-0272-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and periodontitis are important chronic health problems. Obesity is associated with an increased prevalence of periodontitis. Whether obesity also affects the outcome of non-surgical periodontal therapy is to date still unclear. METHODS A systematic review of studies referenced in SCOPUS, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, Biosis and Web of Science was performed. Titles, abstracts and finally full texts were scrutinized for possible inclusion by two independent investigators. Quality and heterogeneity of the studies were assessed and the study designs were examined. Probing pocket depth reduction was analyzed as primary surrogate parameter for therapeutic success after non-surgical periodontal therapy. RESULTS One-hundred-and-fifty-nine potentially qualifying studies were screened. Eight studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Three of eight studies failed to show an influence of obesity on pocket depth reduction after non-surgical therapy. The remaining five studies documented a clear negative effect on the outcome of non-surgical periodontal therapy. The finally included studies did not correspond to the highest level of quality (RCTs). Due to the heterogeneity of the data a meta-analysis was not possible. CONCLUSION The literature on the effect of obesity on the treatment outcome of non-surgical periodontal therapy remains controversial. The data, however, support that obesity is not only a factor associated with poorer periodontal health but might also result in inferior response to non-surgical treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne A. Gerber
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Sahrmann
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver A. Schmidlin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Christian Heumann
- Department of Statistics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürg Hans Beer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Patrick R. Schmidlin
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
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Mashima I, Theodorea CF, Thaweboon B, Thaweboon S, Nakazawa F. Identification of Veillonella Species in the Tongue Biofilm by Using a Novel One-Step Polymerase Chain Reaction Method. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157516. [PMID: 27326455 PMCID: PMC4915624 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Six Veillonella species have been frequently isolated from human oral cavities including infectious sites. Recently, it was reported that diet, smoking, and possibly socioeconomic status can influence the bacterial profile in oral cavities. In addition, oral hygiene habits may also influence oral microbiota in terms of both numbers and diversity of microorganisms. In this study, the identification of Veillonella species in tongue biofilms of Thai children, divided into three groups dependent on their status of oral hygiene. For this, we used a novel one-step PCR method with species-specific primer sets based on sequences of the rpoB gene. As shown in the results, the number of isolates of Veillonella species was 101 strains from only 10 of 89 subjects. However, the total number of bacteria was high for all subjects. Since it was reported in previous studies that Veillonella species were easy to isolate in human tongue biofilms at high numbers, the results obtained in this study may suggest country- or age-specific differences. Moreover, Veillonella species were detected predominantly in subjects who had poor oral hygiene compared to those with good or moderate oral hygiene. From these results, there is a possibility that Veillonella species may be an index of oral hygiene status. Furthermore, V. rogosae was a predominant species in tongue biofilms of Thai children, whereas V. parvula and V. denticariosi were not isolated at all. These characteristics of the distribution and frequency of Veillonella species are similar to those reported in previous studies. Although further studies are needed in other countries, in this study, a successful novel one-step PCR method was established to detect Veillonella species in human oral cavities easily and effectively. Furthermore, this is the first report investigating the distribution and frequency of Veillonella species in tongue biofilms of Thai children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Mashima
- Postdoctoral Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1, Kouji-machi, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Citra Fragrantia Theodorea
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya No. 4, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Boonyanit Thaweboon
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, 6 Yothi Street, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Sroisiri Thaweboon
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, 6 Yothi Street, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Futoshi Nakazawa
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Mangoni ML, McDermott AM, Zasloff M. Antimicrobial peptides and wound healing: biological and therapeutic considerations. Exp Dermatol 2016; 25:167-73. [PMID: 26738772 PMCID: PMC4789108 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Repair of tissue wounds is a fundamental process to re-establish tissue integrity and regular function. Importantly, infection is a major factor that hinders wound healing. Multicellular organisms have evolved an arsenal of host-defense molecules, including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), aimed at controlling microbial proliferation and at modulating the host's immune response to a variety of biological or physical insults. In this brief review, we provide the evidence for a role of AMPs as endogenous mediators of wound healing and their promising therapeutic potential for the treatment of non-life-threatening skin and other epithelial injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Mangoni
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, IT
| | - Alison M. McDermott
- The Ocular Surface Institute, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Zasloff
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
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28
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Atmospheric pressure nonthermal plasmas for bacterial biofilm prevention and eradication. Biointerphases 2015; 10:029404. [PMID: 25869456 DOI: 10.1116/1.4914382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are three-dimensional structures formed by surface-attached microorganisms and their extracellular products. Biofilms formed by pathogenic microorganisms play an important role in human diseases. Higher resistance to antimicrobial agents and changes in microbial physiology make treating biofilm infections very complex. Atmospheric pressure nonthermal plasmas (NTPs) are a novel and powerful tool for antimicrobial treatment. The microbicidal activity of NTPs has an unspecific character due to the synergetic actions of bioactive components of the plasma torch, including charged particles, reactive species, and UV radiation. This review focuses on specific traits of biofilms, their role in human diseases, and those effects of NTP that are helpful for treating biofilm infections. The authors discuss NTP-based strategies for biofilm control, such as surface modifications to prevent bacterial adhesion, killing bacteria in biofilms, and biofilm destruction with NTPs. The unspecific character of microbicidal activity, proven polymer modification and destruction abilities, low toxicity for human tissues and absence of long-living toxic compounds make NTPs a very promising tool for biofilm prevention and control.
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The interaction between Streptococcus spp. and Veillonella tobetsuensis in the early stages of oral biofilm formation. J Bacteriol 2015; 197:2104-2111. [PMID: 25917902 DOI: 10.1128/jb.02512-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental plaque is a multispecies oral biofilm, the development of which is initiated by adherence of the pioneer Streptococcus spp. Oral Veillonella spp., including V. atypica, V. denticariosi, V. dispar, V. parvula, V. rogosae, and V. tobetsuensis, are known as early colonizers in oral biofilm formation. These species have been reported to co-aggregate with Streptococcus spp. in a metabolic cooperation-dependent manner to form biofilms in human oral cavities, especially in the early stages of biofilm formation. However, in our previous study, Streptococcus gordonii showed biofilm formation to the greatest extent in the presence of V. tobetsuensis, without co-aggregation between species. These results suggest that V. tobetsuensis produces signaling molecules that promote the proliferation of S. gordonii in biofilm formation. It is well known in many bacterial species that the quorum-sensing (QS) system regulates diverse functions such as biofilm formation. However, little is known about the QS system with autoinducers (AIs), between Veillonella and Streptococcus. Recently, AI-1 and AI-2 were detected and identified in the culture supernatants of V. tobetsuensis as strong signaling molecules in biofilm formation with S. gordonii. In particular, the supernatant from V. tobetsuensis showed the highest AI-2 activity among 6 oral Veillonella species, indicating that AIs, mainly AI-2, produced by V. tobetsuensis may be important factors and may facilitate biofilm formation of S. gordonii. Clarifying the mechanism that underlies the QS system between S. gordonii and V. tobetsuensis may lead to the development of novel methods for the prevention of oral infectious diseases caused by oral biofilms.
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Donovan TE, Marzola R, Becker W, Cagna DR, Eichmiller F, McKee JR, Metz JE, Albouy JP. Annual review of selected scientific literature: report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 2014; 112:1038-87. [PMID: 25443419 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Terence E Donovan
- Chair, Committee on Scientific Investigation, American Academy of Restorative Dentistry (AARD); Professor and Section Head for Biomaterials, Department of Operative Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
| | | | - William Becker
- Clinical Professor, Advanced Education in Prosthodontics, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California; private practice, Tucson, Ariz
| | - David R Cagna
- Associate Dean, Professor and Director, Advanced Prosthodontics, University of Tennessee, Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Memphis, Tenn
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Mashima I, Nakazawa F. The influence of oral Veillonella species on biofilms formed by Streptococcus species. Anaerobe 2014; 28:54-61. [PMID: 24862495 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oral Veillonella, Veillonella atypica, Veillonella denticariosi, Veillonella dispar, Veillonella parvula, Veillonella rogosae, and Veillonella tobetsuensis are known as early colonizers in oral biofilm formation. To investigate the role of oral Veillonella, biofilms formed by the co-culture of Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus salivarius, or Streptococcus sanguinis, with oral Veillonella were examined at the species level. The amount of biofilm formed by S. mutans, S. gordonii, and S. salivarius in the presence of the six Veillonella species was greater than that formed in the control experiments, with the exception of S. mutans with V. dispar. In contrast, in the case of biofilm formation by S. sanguinis, the presence of Veillonella species reduced the amount of the biofilm, with the exception of V. parvula and V. dispar. The time-dependent changes in the amount of biofilm and the number of planktonic cells were grouped into four patterns over the 24 combinations. Only that of S. gordonii with V. tobetsuensis showed a unique pattern. These results indicate that the mode of action of this combination differed from that of the other combinations with respect to biofilm formation. It is possible that there may be several factors involved in the interaction between Streptococcus and Veillonella species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Mashima
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Futoshi Nakazawa
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan.
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Abstract
Man has lived together with microbes for so long that we have become completely dependent on their presence. Most microbes reside in biofilms; structured communities encased in a protective matrix of biopolymers. Under healthy conditions, the microbial biofilm is in balance with itself (endo-balance) and with the host (exo-balance). Integrity of the skin is an important immunological function. Wounds go through a well-orchestrated series of healing steps. However, if for some reason healing times are extended, serious problems related to infection and homeostasis can develop. Based on recent advances in biofilm research and microbiological identification we discuss two hypotheses describing the role of microbial biofilms in chronic wound biology. The first hypothesis describes microbial biofilms as the cause of extended healing times. The second hypothesis is based on the host as cause of extended healing times and basically treats microbial biofilms as a logical consequence of failure to re-build the integrity of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastiaan P Krom
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Free University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacques Oskam
- Department of Surgery, Isala Klinieken, Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Diabetic foot ulcers: Part II. Management. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014; 70:21.e1-24; quiz 45-6. [PMID: 24355276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2013.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The management of diabetic foot ulcers can be optimized by using an interdisciplinary team approach addressing the correctable risk factors (ie, poor vascular supply, infection control and treatment, and plantar pressure redistribution) along with optimizing local wound care. Dermatologists can initiate diabetic foot care. The first step is recognizing that a loss of skin integrity (ie, a callus, blister, or ulcer) considerably increases the risk of preventable amputations. A holistic approach to wound assessment is required. Early detection and effective management of these ulcers can reduce complications, including preventable amputations and possible mortality.
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