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Chen C, Long L, Zhang F, Chen Q, Chen C, Yu X, Liu Q, Bao J, Long Z. Antifungal activity, main active components and mechanism of Curcuma longa extract against Fusarium graminearum. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194284. [PMID: 29543859 PMCID: PMC5854386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcuma longa possesses powerful antifungal activity, as demonstrated in many studies. In this study, the antifungal spectrum of Curcuma longa alcohol extract was determined, and the resulting EC50 values (mg/mL) of its extract on eleven fungi, including Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium chlamydosporum, Alternaria alternate, Fusarium tricinctum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium culmorum, Rhizopus oryzae, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum higginsianum, were 0.1088, 0.1742, 0.1888, 0.2547, 0.3135, 0.3825, 0.4229, 1.2086, 4.5176, 3.8833 and 5.0183, respectively. Among them, F. graminearum was selected to determine the inhibitory effects of the compounds (including curdione, isocurcumenol, curcumenol, curzerene, β-elemene, curcumin, germacrone and curcumol) derived from Curcuma longa. In addition, the antifungal activities of curdione, curcumenol, curzerene, curcumol and isocurcumenol and the synergies of the complexes of curdione and seven other chemicals were investigated. Differential proteomics of F. graminearum was also compared, and at least 2021 reproducible protein spots were identified. Among these spots, 46 were classified as differentially expressed proteins, and these proteins are involved in energy metabolism, tRNA synthesis and glucose metabolism. Furthermore, several fungal physiological differences were also analysed. The antifungal effect included fungal cell membrane disruption and inhibition of ergosterol synthesis, respiration, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and NADH oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciqiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Li Long
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Fusheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Qin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Qingya Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Jinku Bao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Zhangfu Long
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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Dohnal V, Jezkova A, Pavlikova L, Musilek K, Jun D, Kuca K. Fluctuation in the ergosterol and deoxynivalenol content in barley and malt during malting process. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 397:109-114. [PMID: 20225055 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3585-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes determination of the deoxynivalenol and ergosterol in samples from different varieties of barley and, consequently, malt produced from this barley. In total, 20 samples of barley and 20 samples of barley malt were analyzed. The alkaline hydrolysis with consequent extraction into hexane was applied to obtain the ergosterol from cereals. Extraction to acetonitrile/water and subsequent solid-phase extraction (SPE) were used for deoxynivalenol. The determination of the samples was performed on high-performance liquid chromatography using UV detection (ergosterol) and mass spectrometric detection (deoxynivalenol). The influence of the malting process on the production of two compounds of interest was assessed from obtained results. Ergosterol concentration ranged 0.88-15.87 mg/kg in barley and 2.63-34.96 mg/kg in malt, where its content increased to 95% compared to samples before malting. The malting process was observed as having a significant effect on ergosterol concentration (P = 0.07). The maximum concentration of deoxynivalenol was found to be 641 microg/kg in barley and 499 microg/kg in malt. Its concentration was lower than the legislative limit for unprocessed cereals (1,250 microg/kg). The statistic effect of the malting process on deoxynivalenol production was not found. Linear correlation between ergosterol and deoxynivalenol content was found to be very low (barley R = 0.02, malt R = 0.01). The results revealed that it is not possible to consider the ergosterol content as the indicator of deoxynivalenol contamination of naturally molded samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlastimil Dohnal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of J.E. Purkynje in Usti nad Labem, Ceske mladeze 8, 400 96, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic. .,Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Military Health, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Alena Jezkova
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Zemedelská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Pavlikova
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Zemedelská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Musilek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of J.E. Purkynje in Usti nad Labem, Ceske mladeze 8, 400 96, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic.,Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Military Health, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of J.E. Purkynje in Usti nad Labem, Ceske mladeze 8, 400 96, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic.,Center of Advanced Studies, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of J.E. Purkynje in Usti nad Labem, Ceske mladeze 8, 400 96, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic.,Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Military Health, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Center of Advanced Studies, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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