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Abdelmawgood IA, Mahana NA, Badr AM, Mohamed AS. Echinochrome exhibits anti-asthmatic activity through the suppression of airway inflammation, oxidative stress, and histopathological alterations in ovalbumin-induced asthma in BALB/c mice. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1803-1815. [PMID: 37750936 PMCID: PMC10858934 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02678-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic pulmonary disease with marked infiltrating inflammatory cells and reduced respiratory performance. Echinochrome (Ech) is a dark-red pigment isolated from the sea urchin spines, shells, and ova. It has antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties, but whether it can be used in asthma treatment has yet to be investigated. In this research, we aimed to study the inhibitory actions of Ech on allergic asthma symptoms in mice. Mice were divided into 4 groups (n = 8 for each): control, ovalbumin-challenged, and Ech-treated (0.1 and 1 mg/kg). At the end of the experiment, nasal scratching, lung oxidative stress, airway inflammation, and remodeling were assessed. In ovalbumin-challenged BALB/C mice, treatment with Ech significantly decreased nasal scratching, lung oxidative stress, inflammatory cell infiltration, mucus hyperproduction and hyperplasia of goblet cells, IgE levels, and inflammatory cytokines. It also inhibited NF-κB phosphorylation. This is the first study to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of Ech against allergic asthma in mice. According to our findings, we imply that Ech may be utilized as a treatment for allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noha A Mahana
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abeer Mahmoud Badr
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Ayman Saber Mohamed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
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Sun Y, Wang TE, Hu Q, Zhang W, Zeng Y, Lai X, Zhang L, Shi M. Systematic comparation of the biological and transcriptomic landscapes of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells under serum-containing and serum-free conditions. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:490. [PMID: 36195964 PMCID: PMC9530421 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) are splendid cell sources for clinical application in the administration of numerous refractory and relapse diseases. Despite the preferable prospect of serum-free (SF) condition for cell product standardization and pathogenic contamination remission, yet the systematic and detailed impact upon hAMSCs at both cellular and transcriptomic levels is largely obscure. Methods For the purpose, we preconditioned hAMSCs under serum-containing (SC) and SF medium for 48 h and compared the biological signatures and biofunctions from the view of cell morphology, immunophenotypes, multi-lineage differentiation in vitro, cell vitality, cytokine expression, and immunosuppressive effect upon the subpopulations of T lymphocytes, together with the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling reactivation upon cell vitality. Meanwhile, we took advantage of RNA-SEQ and bioinformatic analyses to verify the gene expression profiling and genetic variation spectrum in the indicated hAMSCs. Results Compared with those maintained in SC medium, hAMSCs pretreated in SF conditions manifested conservation in cell morphology, immunophenotypes, adipogenic differentiation, and immunosuppressive effect upon the proliferation and activation of most of the T cell subpopulations, but with evaluated cytokine expression (e.g., TGF-β1, IDO1, NOS2) and declined osteogenic differentiation and cell proliferation as well as proapoptotic and apoptotic cells. The declined proliferation in the SF group was efficiently rescued by PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling reactivation. Notably, hAMSCs cultured in SF and SC conditions revealed similarities in gene expression profiling and variations in genetic mutation at the transcriptome level. Instead, based on the differentially expressed genes and variable shear event analyses, we found those genes were mainly involved in DNA synthesis-, protein metabolism-, and cell vitality-associated biological processes and signaling pathways (e.g., P53, KRAS, PI3K-Akt-mTOR). Conclusions Collectively, our data revealed the multifaceted cellular and molecular properties of hAMSCs under SC and SF conditions, which suggested the feasibility of serum-free culture for the preferable preparation of standardized cell products for hAMSC drug development and clinical application. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03179-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyan Sun
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Hematology Research Center of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650032, China.,Department of Hematology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Ti-Er Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Hematology Research Center of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Qianwen Hu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Hematology Research Center of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Wenxia Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Yun Zeng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Hematology Research Center of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650032, China.
| | - Xun Lai
- Department of Hematology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, 650118, China.
| | - Leisheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province & NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Radiation Technology and Biophysics, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350 Shushanhu Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China. .,Center for Cellular Therapies, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Mingxia Shi
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Hematology Research Center of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650032, China.
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Effects of human adipose tissue- and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on airway inflammation and remodeling in a murine model of chronic asthma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12032. [PMID: 35835804 PMCID: PMC9283392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16165-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
It is challenging to overcome difficult-to-treat asthma, and cell-based therapies are attracting increasing interest. We assessed the effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) treatments using a murine model of chronic ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged asthma. We developed a murine model of chronic allergic asthma using OVA sensitization and challenge. Human adipose-derived MSCs (hADSCs) or human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBMSCs) were administered. We measured the levels of resistin-like molecule-β (RELM-β). We also measured RELM-β in asthma patients and normal controls. OVA-challenged mice exhibited increased airway hyper-responsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling. hBMSC treatment remarkably decreased airway hyper-responsiveness but hADSC treatment did not. Both MSCs alleviated airway inflammation, but hBMSCs tended to have a more significant effect. hBMSC treatment reduced Th2-cytokine levels but hADSC treatment did not. Both treatments reduced airway remodeling. The RELM-β level decreased in the OVA-challenged control group, but increased in both treatment groups. We found that the serum level of RELM-β was lower in asthma patients than controls. MSC treatments alleviated the airway inflammation, hyper-responsiveness, and remodeling associated with chronic asthma. hBMSCs were more effective than hADSCs. The RELM-β levels increased in both treatment groups; the RELM-β level may serve as a biomarker of MSC treatment efficacy.
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Abbaszadeh H, Ghorbani F, Abbaspour-Aghdam S, Kamrani A, Valizadeh H, Nadiri M, Sadeghi A, Shamsasenjan K, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Roshangar L, Ahmadi M. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma: mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles as potential therapeutic tools. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:262. [PMID: 35725505 PMCID: PMC9208161 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02938-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, are one of the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality in the global. COPD is characterized by progressive loss of lung function through inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress caused by chronic exposure to harmful environmental pollutants. Airway inflammation and epithelial remodeling are also two main characteristics of asthma. In spite of extensive efforts from researchers, there is still a great need for novel therapeutic approaches for treatment of these conditions. Accumulating evidence suggests the potential role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in treatment of many lung injuries due to their beneficial features including immunomodulation and tissue regeneration. Besides, the therapeutic advantages of MSCs are chiefly related to their paracrine functions such as releasing extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs comprising exosomes and microvesicles are heterogeneous bilayer membrane structures loaded with various lipids, nucleic acids and proteins. Due to their lower immunogenicity, tumorigenicity, and easier management, EVs have appeared as favorable alternatives to stem cell therapies. Therefore, in this review, we provided an overview on the current understanding of the importance of MSCs and MSC-derived EVs from different sources reported in preclinical and clinical COPD and asthmatic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Abbaszadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Ghorbani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Amin Kamrani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Valizadeh
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Nadiri
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Armin Sadeghi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Karim Shamsasenjan
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Differential response of hepatocellular carcinoma glycolytic metabolism and oxidative stress markers after exposure to human amniotic membrane proteins. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:7731-7741. [PMID: 35716291 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07598-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human Amniotic Membrane (hAM) has been studied as a potential therapeutic option in cancer, namely in hepatocellular carcinoma. Previously, our research group evaluated the effect of human Amniotic Membrane Protein Extracts (hAMPE) in cancer therapy, demonstrating that hAMPE inhibit the metabolic activity of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines: Hep3B2.1-7, HepG2 and Huh7. Therefore, and considering the close relationship between metabolic activity and oxidative stress, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hAMPE treatment in glucose metabolism and its role in oxidative stress of hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS AND RESULTS Glucose uptake and lactate production was assessed by 1 H-NMR, and the expression of several mediators of the glycolytic pathway was evaluated by Western blot or fluorescence. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and biomarkers of oxidative stress effects in proteins were detected. Our results showed that hAMPE treatment increased glucose consumption on Hep3B2.1-7, HepG2, and Huh7 through the increase of GLUT1 in Hep3B2.1-7 and Huh7, and GLUT3 in HepG2 cells. It was observed an increased expression of 6-phosphofrutokinase (PFK-1L) in all cell lines though glucose was not converted to lactate on HepG2 and Huh7 cells, suggesting that hAMPE treatment may counteract the Warburg effect observed in carcinogenesis. In Hep3B2.1-7, hAMPE treatment induced an increase in expression of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and monocarboxylate transporter isoform 4 (MCT4). We further detected that hAMPE enhances the TAC of culture media after 2 and 8 h. This was followed by a degree of protection against proteins nitration and carbonylation. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this work highlights the potential usefulness of hAMPE as anticancer therapy through the modulation of the glycolytic and oxidative profile in human hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Filidou E, Kandilogiannakis L, Tarapatzi G, Su C, Po ENF, Paspaliaris V, Kolios G. Conditioned medium from a human adipose-derived stem cell line ameliorates inflammation and fibrosis in a lung experimental model of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Life Sci 2021; 287:120123. [PMID: 34748761 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive parenchymal lung disease that results in fibrogenesis and the conditioned medium from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (CM-ADSCs) has been shown to be efficacious in pulmonary fibrosis animal models. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of CM-ADSCs on lung inflammation and fibrosis in a Bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis model. CM-ADSCs safety and toxicity were evaluated in Sprague Dawley rats and no adverse effects were observed. Six-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were employed in the BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis model and were divided into four groups: Group 1 (Sham): animals were kept without BLM and treatment, Group 2 (Control): BLM with vehicle DMEM, Group 3: 10 μg/kg CM-ADSCs and Group 4: 100 μg/kg CM-ADSCs. Body weight, fibrosis and inflammation histological analyses, mRNA and protein pro-inflammatory cytokine, and total hydroxyproline content calculation were performed in all groups upon sacrifice. The 100 μg/kg CM-ADSCs showed a significant increase in mean body weight compared to Controls. CM-ADSCs doses resulted in the amelioration of fibrosis, as seen by Masson's Trichrome-staining, Ashcroft scoring, and Sirius red-staining. Compared to Controls, inflammation was also significantly reduced in CM-ADSCs-treated mice, with reduced F4/80 macrophage antigen staining, TNF-α mRNA and IL-6 and IL-10 protein levels. Total hydroxyproline content was found significantly reduced in both groups of CM-ADSCs-treated mice. Overall, our study shows that the CM-ADSCs is safe and efficient against pulmonary fibrosis, as it significantly reduced inflammation and fibrosis, with the larger dose of 100 μg/kg CM-ADSCs being the most efficient one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Filidou
- Lab of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | - Gesthimani Tarapatzi
- Lab of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Colin Su
- Tithon Biotech Inc, San Diego, CA 92127, USA
| | | | | | - George Kolios
- Lab of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
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Cellat M, Kuzu M, İşler CT, Etyemez M, Dikmen N, Uyar A, Gökçek İ, Türk E, Güvenç M. Tyrosol improves ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma in rat model through prevention of airway inflammation. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:2061-2075. [PMID: 34287677 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02117-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is an inflammatory disease that affects many people around the world, especially persons at paediatric age group. The effectiveness of tyrosol, a natural phenolic compound, was examined in the asthma model induced by ovalbumin (OVA). For this purpose, four groups, each consisting of eight rats, were arranged. For 21 days, physiological saline solution was treated to the control group and OVA was treated to the groups of OVA, OVA + dexamethasone (Dexa) and OVA + tyrosol groups, intraperitoneally and through inhalation. Additionally, 0.25 mg/kg Dexa was treated to the OVA + Dexa group and 20 mg/kg tyrosol to the OVA + tyrosol group by oral gavage. Serum, blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues of the rats were examined. It was observed that MDA level decreased, GSH level and GPx activity increased, and there was no change in CAT activity in lung tissues of the tyrosol treatment groups. It was also observed that NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IFN-γ and IgE levels decreased compared to the OVA group in lung tissue and serum samples except for serum NF-κB and IL-4. However, no effect on IL-1 β level was observed. In addition, it was determined that tyrosol treatment increased the IL-10 level on both tissue samples. The results of the histopathological investigation of lung tissue showed that tyrosol significantly ameliorated OVA-induced histopathological lesions. Additionally, PAS staining showed that mucus hypersecretion was significantly reduced with the use of tyrosol. In addition, it was determined that the number of eosinophils decreased significantly in blood and BALF samples. The obtained results showed that tyrosol possessed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory features on OVA-induced rats and preserved tissue architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Cellat
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, 31060, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Müslüm Kuzu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Karabük University, Karabük, Turkey
| | - Cafer Tayer İşler
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgery, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Etyemez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, 31060, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Nursel Dikmen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Chest Diseases, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Uyar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - İshak Gökçek
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, 31060, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Erdinç Türk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Güvenç
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, 31060, Hatay, Turkey
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Cereta AD, Oliveira VR, Costa IP, Afonso JPR, Fonseca AL, de Souza ART, Silva GAM, Mello DACPG, de Oliveira LVF, da Palma RK. Emerging Cell-Based Therapies in Chronic Lung Diseases: What About Asthma? Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:648506. [PMID: 33959015 PMCID: PMC8094181 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.648506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a widespread disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. It causes substantial disability, impaired quality of life, and avoidable deaths around the world. The main treatment for asthmatic patients is the administration of corticosteroids, which improves the quality of life; however, prolonged use of corticosteroids interferes with extracellular matrix elements. Therefore, cell-based therapies are emerging as a novel therapeutic contribution to tissue regeneration for lung diseases. This study aimed to summarize the advancements in cell therapy involving mesenchymal stromal cells, extracellular vesicles, and immune cells such as T-cells in asthma. Our findings provide evidence that the use of mesenchymal stem cells, their derivatives, and immune cells such as T-cells are an initial milestone to understand how emergent cell-based therapies are effective to face the challenges in the development, progression, and management of asthma, thus improving the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Daronco Cereta
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Rosa Oliveira
- Department of Physical Therapy, EUSES University School, University of Barcelona/University of Girona (UB-UdG), Barcelona, Spain.,Research Group on Methodology, Methods, Models, and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | - Ivan Peres Costa
- Department of Master's and and Doctoral Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Ribeiro Afonso
- Department of Experimental Cardiorrespiratory Physiology, Postgraduate Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University Center of Anápolis (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Adriano Luís Fonseca
- Department of Experimental Cardiorrespiratory Physiology, Postgraduate Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University Center of Anápolis (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Alan Robson Trigueiro de Souza
- Department of Experimental Cardiorrespiratory Physiology, Postgraduate Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University Center of Anápolis (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Augusto Moreira Silva
- Department of Experimental Cardiorrespiratory Physiology, Postgraduate Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University Center of Anápolis (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Diego A C P G Mello
- Department of Experimental Cardiorrespiratory Physiology, Postgraduate Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University Center of Anápolis (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Luis Vicente Franco de Oliveira
- Department of Experimental Cardiorrespiratory Physiology, Postgraduate Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University Center of Anápolis (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Renata Kelly da Palma
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Physical Therapy, EUSES University School, University of Barcelona/University of Girona (UB-UdG), Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
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