1
|
β3 adrenergic receptor activation modulates connexin 43 activity to relax human myometrium. Cell Signal 2023; 106:110640. [PMID: 36841274 PMCID: PMC10134909 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Preterm labor, delivery prior to 37 completed weeks of gestation, is the leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality. β3 adrenergic receptor protein expression is increased in the myometrium during pregnancy, and the agonist, mirabegron, relaxes the myometrium making the β3 adrenergic receptor a potential therapeutic target in PTL. β3 adrenergic receptor has been shown to activate the tyrosine kinase, Src, which can down regulate connexin 43, a contractile associated protein which promotes the formation of gap junctions that create an electrical syncytium. We hypothesize that mirabegron downregulates connexin 43, imparting quiescence effects on the myometrium. Employing contractile studies, we demonstrate that Src is involved in the mirabegron-induced relaxation of contracting pregnant human myometrial tissue strips. Western blot analysis demonstrates that Src kinase expression is decreased in both preterm and term laboring myometrial tissue. Imaging revealed that mirabegron stimulation of the β3 adrenergic receptor phosphorylates tyrosine at position Y265 on connexin 43 in pregnant human uterine myocytes. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescent imaging indicate that mirabegron decreases the expression of connexin 43 and mediates relaxation over a 24-h exposure period, suggesting that mirabegron has long lasting quiescent effects on the human myometrium. The relationship between the β3 adrenergic receptor and down regulation of the contractile associated protein connexin 43 through activation of Src kinase suggests that mirabegron may be useful in combination tocolysis.
Collapse
|
2
|
Lai PF, Georgiou EX, Tribe RM, Johnson MR. The impact of progesterone and RU-486 on classic pro-labour proteins & contractility in human myometrial tissues during 24-hour exposure to tension & interleukin-1β. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 500:110633. [PMID: 31678609 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Increased expression of pro-labour genes that encode cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), oxytocin receptor (OTR) and connexin-43 (Cx43) at parturition is often attributed to P4 functional withdrawal, based on findings from animal models and human primary myometrial cells. However, the cause of reduced myometrial P4 responsiveness that promotes contractions at labour is not fully determined. Uterine stretch occurs with advancing gestation but most in vitro experimental models do not take this into consideration. We aimed to examine whether tissue-level myometrial stretch influences the ability of P4 to regulate pro-labour protein abundance by using myometrial biopsies from term gestation pregnant women to assess the impact of 24 h exposure to combinations of (i) stretch-mediated tension, (ii) P4 (100 nM) and (iii) an anti-progestin, RU-486 (1 μM). Firstly, we observed baseline COX-2 and Cx43 protein levels increased, whereas P4 content along with calponin-1 and progesterone receptor (PR) protein abundance decreased, in vehicle-treated tissues. P4 supplementation subtly reduced COX-2 levels in un-stretched tissues. Spontaneous and oxytocin-augmented contractility were unchanged by tissue culture exposure to P4 and/or RU-486. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β; 1 ng/ml) enhanced COX-2 protein and PGE2 content in un-stretched tissues. Overall, tissue stretch may, in part, regulate P4-sensitive pro-labour protein levels, but this is likely to be reliant on interaction with other in utero factors that were absent in our tissue cultures. More complex culture conditions should be evaluated in future to aid further development of a physiologically relevant model to improve our understanding of in utero myometrial P4 responsiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei F Lai
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Ektoras X Georgiou
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Rachel M Tribe
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Kings College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Mark R Johnson
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, SW10 9NH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fan Y, Hou W, Xing Y, Zhang L, Zhou C, Gui J, Xu P, Wang A, Fan X, Zeng X, Feng S, Li P. Peptidomics analysis of myometrium tissues in term labor compared with term nonlabor. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1890-1900. [PMID: 31709621 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) is a major cause of neonatal mortality, with a poorly understood etiology. The regular contraction of the myometrium was considered as contributing to the etiology of the onset of labor, especially PTB. Thus, studying the mechanism of myometrium contraction is very important for understanding the initiation of labor and also for preventing PTB. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we found 322 significantly differential peptides in myometrium tissues between term nonlabor and term labor groups (absolute fold change ≥ 2 and P < .05). We next analyzed length, molecular weights, isoelectric point, and cleavage site of all the different peptides. We, next, analyzed the functions of different peptides through their precursor proteins by Gene Ontology, enrichment and canonical pathway analysis. The results indicated that the extracellular matrix (ECM) played a major role in biological process, the cellular component, and molecular function categories, and revealed that ECM remodeling played a vital role in myometrial contraction. In addition, some known signaling, such as corticotropin-releasing hormone signaling and calcium signaling were proven to be involved in this process. Ingenuity Pathways Analysis upstream regulator analysis suggested that some of the known molecules, which reportedly were very important in labor onset, were included, for example, nuclear factor κB, tubulin, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. We also identified 23 peptides derived from the precursor protein TITIN, of which 21 peptides sequences from TITIN were located in functional domains. These results suggested that peptides play an important role in labor onset and provide further insight into PTB therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Fan
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Wenwen Hou
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Xing
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Chunxiu Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Gui
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Anming Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Xuemei Fan
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Shanwu Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xie Y, Perrino BA. Quantitative in situ proximity ligation assays examining protein interactions and phosphorylation during smooth muscle contractions. Anal Biochem 2019; 577:1-13. [PMID: 30981700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-based in situ proximity ligation assays (isPLA) have the potential to study protein phosphorylation and protein interactions with spatial resolution in intact tissues. However, the application of isPLA at the tissue level is limited by a lack of appropriate positive and negative controls and the difficulty in accounting for changes in tissue shape. Here we demonstrate a set of experimental and computational approaches using gastric fundus smooth muscles to improve the validity of quantitative isPLA. Appropriate positive and negative biological controls and PLA technical controls were selected to ensure experimental rigor. To account for changes in morphology between relaxed and contracted smooth muscles, target PLA spots were normalized to smooth muscle myosin light chain 20 PLA spots or the cellular cross-sectional areas. We describe the computational steps necessary to filter out false-positive improperly sized spots and set the thresholds for counting true positive PLA spots to quantify the PLA signals. We tested our approach by examining protein phosphorylation and protein interactions in smooth muscle myofilament Ca2+ sensitization pathways from resting and contracted gastric fundus smooth muscles. In conclusion, our tissue-level isPLA method enables unbiased quantitation of protein phosphorylation and protein-protein interactions in intact smooth muscle tissues, suggesting the potential for quantitative isPLA applications in other types of intact tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeming Xie
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada Reno, School of Medicine, MS 0352, 1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Brian A Perrino
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada Reno, School of Medicine, MS 0352, 1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee SH, Kwon SC, Ok SH, Hong JM, Kim JY, Ahn SH, Il Bae S, Shin Y, Sohn JT. Levobupivacaine-induced vasoconstriction involves caldesmon phosphorylation mediated by tyrosine kinase-induced ERK phosphorylation. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 842:167-176. [PMID: 30391746 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The goals of this study were to examine the cellular signaling pathways associated with the phosphorylation of caldesmon, the phosphorylation-dependent inhibitory protein of myosin phosphatase (CPI-17), and the 20-kDa regulatory light chain of myosin (MLC20) induced by levobupivacaine in isolated rat aortas. The effects of genistein, tyrphostin 23, GF109203X, PD98059, Y-27632, 1-butanol, and ML-7 HCl on levobupivacaine-induced contraction were assessed. The effect of genistein on the simultaneous calcium-tension curves induced by levobupivacaine was examined. The effects of GF109203X, genistein, PD98059 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) siRNA on levobupivacaine-induced caldesmon phosphorylation were investigated. The effect of genistein on the ERK and tyrosine phosphorylation induced by levobupivacaine was examined. The effect of GF109203X, PD98059, Y-27632, SP600125, and ML-7 HCl on the levobupivacaine-induced phosphorylation of CPI-17 and MLC20 were investigated. Genistein, tyrphostin 23, GF109203X, PD98059, Y-27632, ML-7 HCl, and 1-butanol attenuated levobupivacaine-induced contraction. Genistein caused a right downward shift of the calcium-tension curves induced by levobupivacaine. Genistein attenuated levobupivacaine-induced phosphorylation of protein tyrosine, ERK and caldesmon. PD98059, ERK siRNA and GF109203X attenuated levobupivacaine-induced caldesmon phosphorylation. GF109203X, Y-27632, SP600125, ML-7 HCl and PD98059 attenuated CPI-17 phosphorylation and MLC20 phosphorylation induced by levobupivacaine. These results suggest that levobupivacaine-induced caldesmon phosphorylation contributing to levobupivacaine-induced contraction is mediated by a pathway involving ERK, which is activated by tyrosine kinase or protein kinase C (PKC). The phosphorylation of CPI-17 and MLC20 induced by levobupivacaine is mediated by cellular signaling pathways involving PKC, Rho-kinase, and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase or PKC, Rho-kinase, ERK, and myosin light chain kinase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hee Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15 Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Chun Kwon
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Catholic Kwangdong University, College of Medicine, Gangneung 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Ok
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon 51427, Republic of Korea; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, 15 Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Hong
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15 Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Ahn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15 Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Il Bae
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15 Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunsik Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15 Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Tae Sohn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15 Jinju-daero 816 beon-gil, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si 52727, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nicholson CJ, Seta F, Lee S, Morgan KG. MicroRNA-203 mimics age-related aortic smooth muscle dysfunction of cytoskeletal pathways. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:81-95. [PMID: 27502584 PMCID: PMC5192880 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased aortic stiffness is a biomarker for subsequent adverse cardiovascular events. We have previously reported that vascular smooth muscle Src-dependent cytoskeletal remodelling, which contributes to aortic plasticity, is impaired with ageing. Here, we use a multi-scale approach to determine the molecular mechanisms behind defective Src-dependent signalling in an aged C57BL/6 male mouse model. Increased aortic stiffness, as measured in vivo by pulse wave velocity, was found to have a comparable time course to that in humans. Bioinformatic analyses predicted several miRs to regulate Src-dependent cytoskeletal remodelling. qRT-PCR was used to determine the relative levels of predicted miRs in aortas and, notably, the expression of miR-203 increased almost twofold in aged aorta. Increased miR-203 expression was associated with a decrease in both mRNA and protein expression of Src, caveolin-1 and paxillin in aged aorta. Probing with phospho-specific antibodies confirmed that overexpression of miR-203 significantly attenuated Src and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) signalling, which we have previously found to regulate vascular smooth muscle stiffness. In addition, transfection of miR-203 into aortic tissue from young mice increased phenylephrine-induced aortic stiffness ex vivo, mimicking the aged phenotype. Upstream of miR-203, we found that DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) 1, 3a, and 3b are also significantly decreased in the aged mouse aorta and that DNMT inhibition significantly increases miR-203 expression. Thus, the age-induced increase in miR-203 may be caused by epigenetic promoter hypomethylation in the aorta. These findings indicate that miR-203 promotes a re-programming of Src/ERK signalling pathways in vascular smooth muscle, impairing the regulation of stiffness in aged aorta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Seta
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sophie Lee
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Brozovich FV, Nicholson CJ, Degen CV, Gao YZ, Aggarwal M, Morgan KG. Mechanisms of Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction and the Basis for Pharmacologic Treatment of Smooth Muscle Disorders. Pharmacol Rev 2016; 68:476-532. [PMID: 27037223 PMCID: PMC4819215 DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.010652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The smooth muscle cell directly drives the contraction of the vascular wall and hence regulates the size of the blood vessel lumen. We review here the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which agonists, therapeutics, and diseases regulate contractility of the vascular smooth muscle cell and we place this within the context of whole body function. We also discuss the implications for personalized medicine and highlight specific potential target molecules that may provide opportunities for the future development of new therapeutics to regulate vascular function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F V Brozovich
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| | - C J Nicholson
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| | - C V Degen
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| | - Yuan Z Gao
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| | - M Aggarwal
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| | - K G Morgan
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lim R, Tran HT, Liong S, Barker G, Lappas M. The Transcription Factor Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 (IRF1) Plays a Key Role in the Terminal Effector Pathways of Human Preterm Labor1. Biol Reprod 2016; 94:32. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.134726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
9
|
Wray S, Burdyga T, Noble D, Noble K, Borysova L, Arrowsmith S. Progress in understanding electro-mechanical signalling in the myometrium. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 213:417-31. [PMID: 25439280 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we give a state-of-the-art account of uterine contractility, focussing on excitation-contraction (electro-mechanical) coupling (ECC). This will show how electrophysiological data and intracellular calcium measurements can be related to more modern techniques such as confocal microscopy and molecular biology, to advance our understanding of mechanical output and its modulation in the smooth muscle of the uterus, the myometrium. This new knowledge and understanding, for example concerning the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), or stretch-activated K channels, when linked to biochemical and molecular pathways, provides a clearer and better informed basis for the development of new drugs and targets. These are urgently needed to combat dysfunctions in excitation-contraction coupling that are clinically challenging, such as preterm labour, slow to progress labours and post-partum haemorrhage. It remains the case that scientific progress still needs to be made in areas such as pacemaking and understanding interactions between the uterine environment and ion channel activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Wray
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology; Institute of Translational Medicine; University of Liverpool; Liverpool Women's Hospital; Liverpool UK
| | - T. Burdyga
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology; Institute of Translational Medicine; University of Liverpool; Liverpool Women's Hospital; Liverpool UK
| | - D. Noble
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology; Institute of Translational Medicine; University of Liverpool; Liverpool Women's Hospital; Liverpool UK
| | - K. Noble
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology; Institute of Translational Medicine; University of Liverpool; Liverpool Women's Hospital; Liverpool UK
| | - L. Borysova
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology; Institute of Translational Medicine; University of Liverpool; Liverpool Women's Hospital; Liverpool UK
| | - S. Arrowsmith
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology; Institute of Translational Medicine; University of Liverpool; Liverpool Women's Hospital; Liverpool UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
|
11
|
Kupittayanant S, Munglue P, Lijuan W, Promprom W, Budhaklala N, Wray S. Finding new agents in medicinal plants to act on the myometrium. Exp Physiol 2014; 99:530-7. [DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2013.072884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sajeera Kupittayanant
- Institute of Science; Suranaree University of Technology; Muang District Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand
| | - Phukphon Munglue
- Faculty of Science; Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University; Muang District Ubon Ratchathani Thailand
| | - Wanwisa Lijuan
- Faculty of Science and Technology; Thepsatri Rajabhat University; Muang Lop Buri Lobburi Thailand
| | - Wilawan Promprom
- Faculty of Science; Mahasarakham University; Kantrawichai Mahasarakham Thailand
| | - Nopparat Budhaklala
- Faculty of Science; Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi; Thanyaburi Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Susan Wray
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology; Institute of Translational Medicine; University of Liverpool; Liverpool UK
| |
Collapse
|