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Swift HT, O'Driscoll JM, Coleman DD, Caux AD, Wiles JD. Acute cardiac autonomic and haemodynamic responses to leg and arm isometric exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:975-985. [PMID: 35089384 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-04894-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute cardiovascular responses following a single session of isometric exercise (IE) have been shown to predict chronic adaptations in blood pressure (BP) regulation. It was hypothesised that exercises which recruit more muscle mass induce greater reductions in BP compared to exercises using smaller muscle mass. To test this hypothesis, the current study aimed to compare the acute haemodynamic and autonomic responses to a single session of isometric wall squat (IWS) and isometric handgrip (IHG) training. METHODS Twenty-six sedentary participants performed a single IWS and IHG session in a randomised cross-over design, with training composed of 4 × 2-min contractions, with 2-min rest, at 95 HRpeak and 30% MVC respectively. Haemodynamic and cardiac autonomic variables were recorded pre, during, immediately post, and 1-h post-exercise, with the change from baseline for each variable used for comparative analysis. RESULTS During IWS exercise, there was a significantly greater increase in systolic BP (P < 0.001), diastolic BP (P < 0.001), mean BP (P < 0.001), heart rate (P < 0.001), and cardiac output (P < 0.001), and a contrasting decrease in baroreflex effectiveness index (BEI) and cardiac baroreceptor sensitivity (cBRS). In the 10-min recovery period following IWS exercise, there was a significantly greater reduction in systolic BP (P = 0.005), diastolic BP (P = 0.006), mean BP (P = 0.003), total peripheral resistance (TPR) (P < 0.001), BEI (P = 0.003), and power spectral density (PSD-RRI) (P < 0.001). There were no differences in any variables between conditions 1-h post exercise. CONCLUSIONS Isometric wall squat exercise involving larger muscle mass is associated with a significantly greater post-exercise hypotensive response during a 10-min recovery window compared to smaller muscle mass IHG exercise. The significantly greater reduction in TPR may be an important mechanism for the differences in BP response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry T Swift
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Kent, CT1 1QU, UK
| | - Jamie M O'Driscoll
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Kent, CT1 1QU, UK
| | - Damian D Coleman
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Kent, CT1 1QU, UK
| | - Anthony De Caux
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Kent, CT1 1QU, UK
| | - Jonathan D Wiles
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Kent, CT1 1QU, UK.
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Wang J, Liu W, Chen H, Liu C, Wang M, Chen H, Zhou H, Liu Z, Zhang S, Yu Z, Duan S, Deng Q, Sun J, Jiang H, Yu L. Novel Insights Into the Interaction Between the Autonomic Nervous System and Inflammation on Coronary Physiology: A Quantitative Flow Ratio Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:700943. [PMID: 34386531 PMCID: PMC8354298 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.700943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) was proposed as a noninvasive biomarker to stratify the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, it remains to be determined if HRV can be used as a surrogate for coronary artery physiology as analyzed by quantitative flow ratio (QFR) in patients with new-onset unstable angina pectoris (UAP). Methods: A total of 129 consecutive patients with new-onset UAP who underwent 24-h long-range 12-channel electrocardiography from June 2020 to December 2020 were included in this study. HRV, coronary angiography, and QFR information was retrieved from patient medical records, the severity of coronary lesions was evaluated using the Gensini score (GS), and total atherosclerotic burden was assessed using the three-vessel contrast QFR (3V-cQFR) calculated as the sum of cQFR in three vessels. Results: Multivariate logistic analysis showed that low-frequency power (LF) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were directly correlated with functional ischemia of target vessel, which were inversely correlated with total atherosclerotic burden as assessed by 3V-cQFR. Moreover, incorporation of the increase in LF into the existing model that uses clinical risk factors, GS, and hs-CRP significantly increased the discriminatory ability for evaluating coronary artery physiology of target vessel. Conclusions: LF and hs-CRP are independently associated with functional ischemia in patients with new-onset UAP. The relative increase of LF and hs-CRP could add value to the use of classical cardiovascular risk factors to predict the functional severity of coronary artery stenosis. Our results suggest a potential association between the autonomic nervous system, inflammation, and coronary artery physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Centre of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Centre of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaqiang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Centre of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengzhe Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Centre of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Centre of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Centre of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huixin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Centre of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Centre of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Centre of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongyang Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Centre of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shoupeng Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Centre of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Centre of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ji Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Centre of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Centre of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lilei Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Research Centre of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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Patel A, Prowle JR, Ackland GL. Postoperative goal-directed therapy and development of acute kidney injury following major elective noncardiac surgery: post-hoc analysis of POM-O randomized controlled trial. Clin Kidney J 2017; 10:348-356. [PMID: 28616213 PMCID: PMC5466093 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfw118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The role of goal-directed therapy (GDT) in preventing creatinine rise following noncardiac surgery is unclear. We performed a post-hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial to assess the relationship between postoperative optimization of oxygen delivery and development of acute kidney injury (AKI)/creatinine rise following noncardiac surgery. Methods: Patients were randomly assigned immediately postoperatively to receive either fluid and/or dobutamine therapy to maintain/restore their preoperative oxygen delivery, or protocolized standard care (oxygen delivery only recorded). Primary end point was serial changes in postoperative creatinine within 48 h postoperatively. Secondary outcomes were development of AKI (KDIGO criteria) and minimal creatinine rise (MCR; no decline from preoperative creatinine), related to all-cause morbidity and length of stay. Results: Postoperative reductions in serum creatinine were similar (P = 0.76) in patients randomized to GDT [10 µmol/L (95% confidence interval, CI: 17 to −1); n = 95] or protocolized care [8 µmol/L (95% CI: 17 to −6); n = 92]. Postoperative haemodynamic management was not associated with the development of MCR [78/187 (41.7%)] or AKI [13/187; (7.0%)]. Intraoperative requirement for norepinephrine was more likely in patients who developed postoperative rises in creatinine [relative risk (RR): 1.66 (95% CI: 1.04–2.67); P = 0.04], despite similar volumes of intraoperative fluid being administered. Persistently higher lactate during the intervention period was associated with AKI (mean difference: 1.15 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.48–1.81); P = 0.01]. Prolonged hospital stay was associated with AKI but not MCR [RR: 2.71 (95% CI: 1.51–4.87); P = 0.0008]. Conclusion: These data provide further insights into how perioperative haemodynamic alterations relate to postoperative increases in creatinine once systemic inflammation is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amour Patel
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - John R Prowle
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Gareth L Ackland
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
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