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Gomis Perez C, Dudzinski NR, Rouches M, Landajuela A, Machta B, Zenisek D, Karatekin E. Rapid propagation of membrane tension at retinal bipolar neuron presynaptic terminals. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl4411. [PMID: 34985955 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl4411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Many cellular activities, such as cell migration, cell division, phagocytosis, and exo-endocytosis, generate and are regulated by membrane tension gradients. Membrane tension gradients drive membrane flows, but there is controversy over how rapidly plasma membrane flow can relax tension gradients. Here, we show that membrane tension can propagate rapidly or slowly, spanning orders of magnitude in speed, depending on the cell type. In a neuronal terminal specialized for rapid synaptic vesicle turnover, membrane tension equilibrates within seconds. By contrast, membrane tension does not propagate in neuroendocrine adrenal chromaffin cells secreting catecholamines. Stimulation of exocytosis causes a rapid, global decrease in the synaptic terminal membrane tension, which recovers slowly due to endocytosis. Thus, membrane flow and tension equilibration may be adapted to distinct membrane recycling requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Gomis Perez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Nanobiology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Natasha R Dudzinski
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Nanobiology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mason Rouches
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ane Landajuela
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Nanobiology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Benjamin Machta
- Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David Zenisek
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Erdem Karatekin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Nanobiology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Université de Paris, SPPIN-Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris F-75006, France
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Arriagada-Diaz J, Prado-Vega L, Cárdenas Díaz AM, Ardiles AO, Gonzalez-Jamett AM. Dynamin Superfamily at Pre- and Postsynapses: Master Regulators of Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity in Health and Disease. Neuroscientist 2020; 28:41-58. [PMID: 33300419 DOI: 10.1177/1073858420974313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dynamin superfamily proteins (DSPs) comprise a large group of GTP-ases that orchestrate membrane fusion and fission, and cytoskeleton remodeling in different cell-types. At the central nervous system, they regulate synaptic vesicle recycling and signaling-receptor turnover, allowing the maintenance of synaptic transmission. In the presynapses, these GTP-ases control the recycling of synaptic vesicles influencing the size of the ready-releasable pool and the release of neurotransmitters from nerve terminals, whereas in the postsynapses, they are involved in AMPA-receptor trafficking to and from postsynaptic densities, supporting excitatory synaptic plasticity, and consequently learning and memory formation. In agreement with these relevant roles, an important number of neurological disorders are associated with mutations and/or dysfunction of these GTP-ases. Along the present review we discuss the importance of DSPs at synapses and their implication in different neuropathological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Arriagada-Diaz
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Programa de Magister en Ciencias, mención Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Lorena Prado-Vega
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Programa de Magister en Ciencias, mención Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ana M Cárdenas Díaz
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Alvaro O Ardiles
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Centro de Neurología Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Arlek M Gonzalez-Jamett
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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姚 心, 高 晓, 邹 晓, 岳 林. [Role of endocytosis in cell surface CXC chemokine receptor 4 expression of stem cells from apical papilla]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2019; 51:893-899. [PMID: 31624395 PMCID: PMC7433530 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the change of cell surface CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) expression of stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP) after the inhibition of endocytotic pathway, thus to provide experimental basis for the mechanism of SCAP migration. METHODS The immunofluorescence analysis was conducted to examine the co-expression of CXCR4 and endocytotic compartments, including early endosomes, recycling endosomes and lysosomes in SCAP. Several Rab proteins were applied as markers of organelles in the endocytotic pathway, including Rab5 for early endosomes, Rab11A for recycling endosomes, and Lamp1 for lysosomes. The co-localization of CXCR4 with these endodontic compartments was further observed by proximity ligation assay (PLA). SCAP was treated with two kinds of endocytotic inhibitors, Blebbistatin and Dynasore, at a concentration of 80 μmol/L, respectively. The conditioning time was 1 hour. Flow cytometry was carried out to evaluate the proportion of SCAP that expressed CXCR4 on cell surface. The data were analysed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS The red staining of CXCR4 on immunofluorescence confocal microscopy predominantly overlapped with the green staining of Rab5 and Rab11A, and partly overlapped with Lamp1. It indicated that most CXCR4 molecules were located in early endosomes and recycling endosomes, and some were located in lysosomes. The PLA results revealed that the co-localizaiton of CXCR4 with endocytotic compartments could be observed in early endosomes, recycling endosomes and lysosomes. According to the results of flow cytometry, the proportion of SCAP that expressed CXCR4 on cell surface was as low as 0.13%±0.10%. After the inhibition of endocytosis by pretreating the cells with the following two inhibitors, Blebbistatin and Dynasore, the percentage of SCAP that positively expressed CXCR4 on cell surface was significantly increased to 13.34%±1.31% in Blebbistatin group and 4.03%±0.92% in Dynasore group (F=16.721, P<0.001). Moreover, the number of SCAP that expressed CXCR4 on cell surface in Blebbistatin group was significantly higher than that in Dynasore group (P<0.001). CONCLUSION The inhibition of endocytotic pathway could increase the number of SCAP that expressed CXCR4 on cell surface, and provide potency for the migration of SCAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- 心韵 姚
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,牙体牙髓科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 晓敏 高
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,牙体牙髓科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 晓英 邹
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,牙体牙髓科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 林 岳
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,牙体牙髓科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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Dembla M, Kesharwani A, Natarajan S, Fecher-Trost C, Fairless R, Williams SK, Flockerzi V, Diem R, Schwarz K, Schmitz F. Early auto-immune targeting of photoreceptor ribbon synapses in mouse models of multiple sclerosis. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 10:emmm.201808926. [PMID: 30266776 PMCID: PMC6220320 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201808926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Optic neuritis is one of the first manifestations of multiple sclerosis. Its pathogenesis is incompletely understood, but considered to be initiated by an auto‐immune response directed against myelin sheaths of the optic nerve. Here, we demonstrate in two frequently used and well‐validated mouse models of optic neuritis that ribbon synapses in the myelin‐free retina are targeted by an auto‐reactive immune system even before alterations in the optic nerve have developed. The auto‐immune response is directed against two adhesion proteins (CASPR1/CNTN1) that are present both in the paranodal region of myelinated nerves as well as at retinal ribbon synapses. This occurs in parallel with altered synaptic vesicle cycling in retinal ribbon synapses and altered visual behavior before the onset of optic nerve demyelination. These findings indicate that early synaptic dysfunctions in the retina contribute to the pathology of optic neuritis in multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur Dembla
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical School, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ajay Kesharwani
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical School, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sivaraman Natarajan
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical School, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Fecher-Trost
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical School, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Richard Fairless
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarah K Williams
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Veit Flockerzi
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical School, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ricarda Diem
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karin Schwarz
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical School, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Frank Schmitz
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical School, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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Dunn VK, Gleason E. Inhibition of endocytosis suppresses the nitric oxide-dependent release of Cl- in retinal amacrine cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201184. [PMID: 30044876 PMCID: PMC6059450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our lab has previously shown that nitric oxide (NO) can alter the synaptic response properties of amacrine cells by releasing Cl- from internal acidic compartments. This alteration in the Cl- gradient brings about a positive shift in the reversal potential of the GABA-gated current, which can convert inhibitory synapses into excitatory synapses. Recently, we have shown that the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) Cl- channel is involved in the Cl- release. Here, we test the hypothesis that (acidic) synaptic vesicles are a source of NO-releasable Cl- in chick retinal amacrine cells. If SVs are a source of Cl-, then depleting synaptic vesicles should decrease the nitric oxide-dependent shift in the reversal potential of the GABA-gated current. The efficacy of four inhibitors of dynamin (dynasore, Dyngo 4a, Dynole 34-2, and MiTMAB) were evaluated. In order to deplete synaptic vesicles, voltage-steps were used to activate V-gated Ca2+ channels and stimulate the synaptic vesicle cycle either under control conditions or after treatment with the dynamin inhibitors. Voltage-ramps were used to measure the NO-dependent shift in the reversal potential of the GABA-gated currents under both conditions. Our results reveal that activating the synaptic vesicle cycle in the presence of dynasore or Dyngo 4a blocked the NO-dependent shift in EGABA. However, we also discovered that some dynamin inhibitors reduced Ca2+ signaling and L-type Ca2+ currents. Conversely, dynasore also increased neurotransmitter release at autaptic sites. To further resolve the mechanism underlying the inhibition of the NO-dependent shift in the reversal potential for the GABA-gated currents, we also tested the effects of the clathrin assembly inhibitor Pitstop 2 and found that this compound also inhibited the shift. These data provide evidence that dynamin inhibitors have multiple effects on amacrine cell synaptic transmission. These data also suggest that inhibition of endocytosis disrupts the ability of NO to elicit Cl- release from internal stores which may in part be due to depletion of synaptic vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vernon K. Dunn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Evanna Gleason
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
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Li YC, Kavalali ET. Synaptic Vesicle-Recycling Machinery Components as Potential Therapeutic Targets. Pharmacol Rev 2017; 69:141-160. [PMID: 28265000 DOI: 10.1124/pr.116.013342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Presynaptic nerve terminals are highly specialized vesicle-trafficking machines. Neurotransmitter release from these terminals is sustained by constant local recycling of synaptic vesicles independent from the neuronal cell body. This independence places significant constraints on maintenance of synaptic protein complexes and scaffolds. Key events during the synaptic vesicle cycle-such as exocytosis and endocytosis-require formation and disassembly of protein complexes. This extremely dynamic environment poses unique challenges for proteostasis at synaptic terminals. Therefore, it is not surprising that subtle alterations in synaptic vesicle cycle-associated proteins directly or indirectly contribute to pathophysiology seen in several neurologic and psychiatric diseases. In contrast to the increasing number of examples in which presynaptic dysfunction causes neurologic symptoms or cognitive deficits associated with multiple brain disorders, synaptic vesicle-recycling machinery remains an underexplored drug target. In addition, irrespective of the involvement of presynaptic function in the disease process, presynaptic machinery may also prove to be a viable therapeutic target because subtle alterations in the neurotransmitter release may counter disease mechanisms, correct, or compensate for synaptic communication deficits without the need to interfere with postsynaptic receptor signaling. In this article, we will overview critical properties of presynaptic release machinery to help elucidate novel presynaptic avenues for the development of therapeutic strategies against neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying C Li
- Departments of Neuroscience (Y.C.L., E.T.K.) and Physiology (E.T.K.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ege T Kavalali
- Departments of Neuroscience (Y.C.L., E.T.K.) and Physiology (E.T.K.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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Nicholson-Fish JC, Smillie KJ, Cousin MA. Monitoring activity-dependent bulk endocytosis with the genetically-encoded reporter VAMP4-pHluorin. J Neurosci Methods 2016; 266:1-10. [PMID: 27015791 PMCID: PMC4881416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activity-dependent bulk endocytosis (ADBE) is the dominant mode of synaptic vesicle (SV) endocytosis during intense neuronal activity, implicating it as a major contributor to presynaptic plasticity under these stimulation conditions. However methods to monitor this endocytosis mode have been limited to either morphological or optical observation of the uptake of large fluid phase markers. NEW METHOD We present here a method to monitor ADBE using the genetically-encoded reporter VAMP4-pHluorin in primary neuronal cultures. RESULTS Individual nerve terminals expressing VAMP4-pHluorin display either an increase or decrease in fluorescence after stimulation terminates. The decrease in fluorescence reflects the slow acidification of large bulk endosomes to which VAMP4-pHluorin is selectively recruited. Use of VAMP4-pHluorin during sequential high frequency stimuli revealed that all nerve terminals perform ADBE, but not all do so in response to a single stimulus. VAMP4-pHluorin also displays a rapid activity-dependent decrease in fluorescence during high frequency stimulation, a response which is particularly prominent when expressed in hippocampal neurons. The molecular mechanism responsible for this decrease is still unclear, but is not due to loss of VAMP4-pHluorin from the nerve terminal. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS This method allows the selective reporting of ADBE for the first time, when compared to previous approaches using markers of fluid phase uptake. CONCLUSIONS The development of VAMP4-pHluorin as a selective genetically-encoded reporter of ADBE increases the palette of approaches used to monitor this endocytosis mode both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C Nicholson-Fish
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | - Karen J Smillie
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | - Michael A Cousin
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, Scotland, United Kingdom.
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