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Scarano S, Caronni A, Carraro E, Ferrari Aggradi CR, Rota V, Malloggi C, Tesio L, Sansone VA. In Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 Head Repositioning Errors Suggest Impaired Cervical Proprioception. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4685. [PMID: 39200827 PMCID: PMC11355930 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a rare multisystemic genetic disorder with motor hallmarks of myotonia, muscle weakness and wasting. DM1 patients have an increased risk of falling of multifactorial origin, and proprioceptive and vestibular deficits can contribute to this risk. Abnormalities of muscle spindles in DM1 have been known for years. This observational cross-sectional study was based on the hypothesis of impaired cervical proprioception caused by alterations in the neck spindles. Methods: Head position sense was measured in 16 DM1 patients and 16 age- and gender-matched controls. A head-to-target repositioning test was requested from blindfolded participants. Their head was passively rotated approximately 30° leftward or rightward and flexed or extended approximately 25°. Participants had to replicate the imposed positions. An optoelectronic system was adopted to measure the angular differences between the reproduced and the imposed positions (joint position error, JPE, °) concerning the intended (sagittal, horizontal) and unintended (including the frontal) planar projections. In DM1 patients, JPEs were correlated with clinical and balance measures. Static balance in DM1 patients was assessed through dynamic posturography. Results: The accuracy and precision of head repositioning in the intended sagittal and horizontal error components did not differ between DM1 and controls. On the contrary, DM1 patients showed unintended side-bending to the left and the right: the mean [95%CI] of frontal JPE was -1.29° [-1.99°, -0.60°] for left rotation and 0.98° [0.28°, 1.67°] for right rotation. The frontal JPE of controls did not differ significantly from 0° (left rotation: 0.17° [-0.53°, 0.87°]; right rotation: -0.22° [-0.91°, 0.48°]). Frontal JPE differed between left and right rotation trials (p < 0.001) only in DM1 patients. No correlation was found between JPEs and measures from dynamic posturography and clinical scales. Conclusions: Lateral head bending associated with head rotation may reflect a latent impairment of neck proprioception in DM1 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Scarano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (V.A.S.)
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Ospedale San Luca, 20122 Milan, Italy; (V.R.); (C.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Antonio Caronni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (V.A.S.)
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Ospedale San Luca, 20122 Milan, Italy; (V.R.); (C.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Elena Carraro
- The NeMO Clinical Center in Milan, Neurorehabilitation Unit, University of Milan, 20162 Milan, Italy; (E.C.); (C.R.F.A.)
| | - Carola Rita Ferrari Aggradi
- The NeMO Clinical Center in Milan, Neurorehabilitation Unit, University of Milan, 20162 Milan, Italy; (E.C.); (C.R.F.A.)
| | - Viviana Rota
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Ospedale San Luca, 20122 Milan, Italy; (V.R.); (C.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Chiara Malloggi
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Ospedale San Luca, 20122 Milan, Italy; (V.R.); (C.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Luigi Tesio
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Ospedale San Luca, 20122 Milan, Italy; (V.R.); (C.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Valeria Ada Sansone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (V.A.S.)
- The NeMO Clinical Center in Milan, Neurorehabilitation Unit, University of Milan, 20162 Milan, Italy; (E.C.); (C.R.F.A.)
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Krause Neto W, Silva W, Oliveira T, Vilas Boas A, Ciena A, Caperuto ÉC, Gama EF. Ladder-based resistance training with the progression of training load altered the tibial nerve ultrastructure and muscle fiber area without altering the morphology of the postsynaptic compartment. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1371839. [PMID: 38694209 PMCID: PMC11061484 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1371839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Scientific evidence regarding the effect of different ladder-based resistance training (LRT) protocols on the morphology of the neuromuscular system is scarce. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the morphological response induced by different LRT protocols in the ultrastructure of the tibial nerve and morphology of the motor endplate and muscle fibers of the soleus and plantaris muscles of young adult Wistar rats. Rats were divided into groups: sedentary control (control, n = 9), a predetermined number of climbs and progressive submaximal intensity (fixed, n = 9), high-intensity and high-volume pyramidal system with a predetermined number of climbs (Pyramid, n = 9) and lrt with a high-intensity pyramidal system to exhaustion (failure, n = 9). myelinated fibers and myelin sheath thickness were statistically larger in pyramid, fixed, and failure. myelinated axons were statistically larger in pyramid than in control. schwann cell nuclei were statistically larger in pyramid, fixed, and failure. microtubules and neurofilaments were greater in pyramid than in control. morphological analysis of the postsynaptic component of the plantar and soleus muscles did not indicate any significant difference. for plantaris, the type i myofibers were statistically larger in the pyramid and fixed compared to control. the pyramid, fixed, and failure groups for type ii myofibers had larger csa than control. for soleus, the type i myofibers were statistically larger in the pyramid than in control. pyramid and fixed had larger csa for type ii myofibers than control and failure. the pyramid and fixed groups showed greater mass progression delta than the failure. We concluded that the LRT protocols with greater volume and progression of accumulated mass elicit more significant changes in the ultrastructure of the tibial nerve and muscle hypertrophy without endplate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Krause Neto
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wellington Silva
- Depatment of Physical Education, Laboratory of Human Movement, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tony Oliveira
- Depatment of Physical Education, Laboratory of Human Movement, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan Vilas Boas
- Depatment of Physical Education, Laboratory of Human Movement, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano Ciena
- Department of Physical Education, Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Érico Chagas Caperuto
- Depatment of Physical Education, Laboratory of Human Movement, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliane Florencio Gama
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Xu Y, Yan W, Li X. Research progress in female pelvic floor rehabilitation aids. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 49:482-490. [PMID: 38970523 PMCID: PMC11208410 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2024.230532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is a common clinical problem that can lead to bladder and bowel dysfunction such as urinary incontinence, urinary retention, fecal incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, and sexual dysfunction. Pelvic floor rehabilitation aids are essential tools in the treatment of PFD. However, there is limited understanding of the efficacy and mechanisms of these aids, and there is a lack of standardized guidelines for selecting appropriate aids for different types of PFD. To assist patients in choosing suitable pelvic floor rehabilitation aids to their needs, it is necessary to summarize the existing types, mechanisms, and applications of these aids. Based on their mechanisms and target functions, pelvic floor rehabilitation aids can be mainly categorized into 3 main types. The first type includes aids that improve pelvic floor function, such as vaginal dumbbells, vaginal tampons, and vaginal dilators, which aim to strengthen pelvic floor muscles and enhance the contractility of the urethral, vaginal, and anal sphincters, thereby improving incontinence symptoms. The second type consists of aids that mechanically block the outlet, such as pessaries, urethral plugs, incontinence pads, incontinence pants, anal plugs, and vaginal bowel control systems, which directly or indirectly prevent incontinence leakage. The third type includes aids that assist in outlet drainage, such as catheters and anal excreta collection devices, which help patients effectively expel urine, feces, and other waste materials, preventing incontinence leakage. By summarizing the existing pelvic floor rehabilitation aids, personalized guidance can be provided to patients with PFD, helping them select the appropriate aids for their rehabilitation needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Wenguang Yan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xuhong Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
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Kröger S. Experimental Physiology special issue: 'Mechanotransduction, muscle spindles and proprioception'. Exp Physiol 2024; 109:1-5. [PMID: 38160398 PMCID: PMC10988673 DOI: 10.1113/ep091431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Kröger
- Department of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical CenterLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätPlanegg‐MartinsriedGermany
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Granic A, Suetterlin K, Shavlakadze T, Grounds M, Sayer A. Hallmarks of ageing in human skeletal muscle and implications for understanding the pathophysiology of sarcopenia in women and men. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1721-1751. [PMID: 37986616 PMCID: PMC10665130 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is a complex biological process associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Nine classic, interdependent hallmarks of ageing have been proposed involving genetic and biochemical pathways that collectively influence ageing trajectories and susceptibility to pathology in humans. Ageing skeletal muscle undergoes profound morphological and physiological changes associated with loss of strength, mass, and function, a condition known as sarcopenia. The aetiology of sarcopenia is complex and whilst research in this area is growing rapidly, there is a relative paucity of human studies, particularly in older women. Here, we evaluate how the nine classic hallmarks of ageing: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication contribute to skeletal muscle ageing and the pathophysiology of sarcopenia. We also highlight five novel hallmarks of particular significance to skeletal muscle ageing: inflammation, neural dysfunction, extracellular matrix dysfunction, reduced vascular perfusion, and ionic dyshomeostasis, and discuss how the classic and novel hallmarks are interconnected. Their clinical relevance and translational potential are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoneta Granic
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, U.K
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K
| | - Karen Suetterlin
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, U.K
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K
| | - Tea Shavlakadze
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York, NY, U.S.A
| | - Miranda D. Grounds
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, School of Human Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Avan A. Sayer
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, U.K
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K
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Cheng YR, Chi CH, Lee CH, Lin SH, Min MY, Chen CC. Probing the Effect of Acidosis on Tether-Mode Mechanotransduction of Proprioceptors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12783. [PMID: 37628964 PMCID: PMC10454156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Proprioceptors are low-threshold mechanoreceptors involved in perceiving body position and strain bearing. However, the physiological response of proprioceptors to fatigue- and muscle-acidosis-related disturbances remains unknown. Here, we employed whole-cell patch-clamp recordings to probe the effect of mild acidosis on the mechanosensitivity of the proprioceptive neurons of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in mice. We cultured neurite-bearing parvalbumin-positive (Pv+) DRG neurons on a laminin-coated elastic substrate and examined mechanically activated currents induced through substrate deformation-driven neurite stretch (SDNS). The SDNS-induced inward currents (ISDNS) were indentation depth-dependent and significantly inhibited by mild acidification (pH 7.2~6.8). The acid-inhibiting effect occurred in neurons with an ISDNS sensitive to APETx2 (an ASIC3-selective antagonist) inhibition, but not in those with an ISNDS resistant to APETx2. Detailed subgroup analyses revealed ISDNS was expressed in 59% (25/42) of Parvalbumin-positive (Pv+) DRG neurons, 90% of which were inhibited by APETx2. In contrast, an acid (pH 6.8)-induced current (IAcid) was expressed in 76% (32/42) of Pv+ DRG neurons, 59% (21/32) of which were inhibited by APETx2. Together, ASIC3-containing channels are highly heterogenous and differentially contribute to the ISNDS and IAcid among Pv+ proprioceptors. In conclusion, our findings highlight the importance of ASIC3-containing ion channels in the physiological response of proprioceptors to acidic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Ren Cheng
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10090, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Chi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Han Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hong Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yuan Min
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10090, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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