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Fu SY, Garriga Francis KJ, Pac Chong ML, E Y, Zhang XC. Enhanced second harmonic generation in laser-induced air plasma. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:3199-3202. [PMID: 37319061 DOI: 10.1364/ol.493826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We report a systematic investigation into the processes behind a near hundred-fold enhanced second harmonic wave generated from a laser-induced air plasma, by examining the temporal dynamics of the frequency conversion processes, and the polarization of the emitted second harmonic beam. Contrary to typical nonlinear optical processes, the enhanced second harmonic generation efficiency is only observed within a sub-picosecond time window and found to be nearly constant across fundamental pulse durations spanning from 0.1 ps to over 2 ps. We further demonstrate that with the adopted orthogonal pump-probe configuration, the polarization of the second harmonic field exhibits a complex dependence on the polarization of both input fundamental beams, contrasting with most of the previous experiments with a single-beam geometry.
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2
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Studying on effects of boiling on texture, microstructure and physiochemical properties of sea cucumber body wall and its mechanism using second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy. Food Chem 2023; 400:134055. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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3
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Schauer A, Adams V, Augstein A, Jannasch A, Draskowski R, Kirchhoff V, Goto K, Mittag J, Galli R, Männel A, Barthel P, Linke A, Winzer EB. Sacubitril/Valsartan Improves Diastolic Function But Not Skeletal Muscle Function in a Rat Model of HFpEF. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3570. [PMID: 33808232 PMCID: PMC8036273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor Sacubitril/Valsartan (Sac/Val) has been shown to be beneficial in patients suffering from heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, the impact of Sac/Val in patients presenting with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is not yet clearly resolved. The present study aimed to reveal the influence of the drug on the functionality of the myocardium, the skeletal muscle, and the vasculature in a rat model of HFpEF. Female obese ZSF-1 rats received Sac/Val as a daily oral gavage for 12 weeks. Left ventricle (LV) function was assessed every four weeks using echocardiography. Prior to organ removal, invasive hemodynamic measurements were performed in both ventricles. Vascular function of the carotid artery and skeletal muscle function were monitored. Sac/Val treatment reduced E/é ratios, left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and myocardial stiffness as well as myocardial fibrosis and heart weight compared to the obese control group. Sac/Val slightly improved endothelial function in the carotid artery but had no impact on skeletal muscle function. Our results demonstrate striking effects of Sac/Val on the myocardial structure and function in a rat model of HFpEF. While vasodilation was slightly improved, functionality of the skeletal muscle remained unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Schauer
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, TU Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (V.A.); (A.A.); (R.D.); (V.K.); (K.G.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.L.); (E.B.W.)
| | - Volker Adams
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, TU Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (V.A.); (A.A.); (R.D.); (V.K.); (K.G.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.L.); (E.B.W.)
| | - Antje Augstein
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, TU Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (V.A.); (A.A.); (R.D.); (V.K.); (K.G.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.L.); (E.B.W.)
| | - Anett Jannasch
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Centre Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 76, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (A.J.); (J.M.)
| | - Runa Draskowski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, TU Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (V.A.); (A.A.); (R.D.); (V.K.); (K.G.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.L.); (E.B.W.)
| | - Virginia Kirchhoff
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, TU Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (V.A.); (A.A.); (R.D.); (V.K.); (K.G.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.L.); (E.B.W.)
| | - Keita Goto
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, TU Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (V.A.); (A.A.); (R.D.); (V.K.); (K.G.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.L.); (E.B.W.)
| | - Jeniffer Mittag
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Centre Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 76, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (A.J.); (J.M.)
| | - Roberta Galli
- Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Anita Männel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, TU Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (V.A.); (A.A.); (R.D.); (V.K.); (K.G.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.L.); (E.B.W.)
| | - Peggy Barthel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, TU Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (V.A.); (A.A.); (R.D.); (V.K.); (K.G.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.L.); (E.B.W.)
| | - Axel Linke
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, TU Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (V.A.); (A.A.); (R.D.); (V.K.); (K.G.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.L.); (E.B.W.)
| | - Ephraim B. Winzer
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, TU Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (V.A.); (A.A.); (R.D.); (V.K.); (K.G.); (A.M.); (P.B.); (A.L.); (E.B.W.)
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4
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Apter B, Lapshina N, Handelman A, Fainberg BD, Rosenman G. Peptide Nanophotonics: From Optical Waveguiding to Precise Medicine and Multifunctional Biochips. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1801147. [PMID: 30027685 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Optical waveguiding phenomena found in bioinspired chemically synthesized peptide nanostructures are a new paradigm which can revolutionize emerging fields of precise medicine and health monitoring. A unique combination of their intrinsic biocompatibility with remarkable multifunctional optical properties and developed nanotechnology of large peptide wafers makes them highly promising for new biomedical light therapy tools and implantable optical biochips. This Review highlights a new field of peptide nanophotonics. It covers peptide nanotechnology and the fabrication process of peptide integrated optical circuits, basic studies of linear and nonlinear optical phenomena in biological and bioinspired nanostructures, and their passive and active optical waveguiding. It is shown that the optical properties of this generation of bio-optical materials are governed by fundamental biological processes. Refolding the peptide secondary structure is followed by wideband optical absorption and visible tunable fluorescence. In peptide optical waveguides, such a bio-optical effect leads to switching from passive waveguiding mode in native α-helical phase to an active one in the β-sheet phase. The found active waveguiding effect in β-sheet fiber structures below optical diffraction limit opens an avenue for the future development of new bionanophotonics in ultrathin peptide/protein fibrillar structures toward advanced biomedical nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Apter
- Faculty of Engineering, Holon Institute of Technology, Holon, 5810201, Israel
| | - Nadezda Lapshina
- School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Amir Handelman
- Faculty of Engineering, Holon Institute of Technology, Holon, 5810201, Israel
| | - Boris D Fainberg
- Faculty of Science, Holon Institute of Technology, Holon, 5810201, Israel
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Gil Rosenman
- School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
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5
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Buttner P, Galli R, Husser D, Bollmann A. Label-free Imaging of Myocardial Remodeling in Atrial Fibrillation Using Nonlinear Optical Microscopy: A Feasibility Study. J Atr Fibrillation 2018; 10:1644. [PMID: 29988238 DOI: 10.4022/jafib.1644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation, characterized by rapid disorganized electrical activation of myocardium, is caused by and accompanied by remodeling of myocardial tissue. We applied nonlinear optical microscopy (NLOM) to visualize typical myocardial features and atrial fibrillation effects in order to test anon-destructive imaging technology that in principle can be applied in vivo.Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering, endogenous two-photon excited fluorescence, and second harmonic generation were used to inspect unstained human atrial myocardium from three patients who underwent surgical Cox-MAZE procedure with amputation of left atrial appendage. Using NLOM techniques, we collected detailrich pictures of unstained tissue that enable comprehensive characterization of myocardial characteristics like myocyte structure, collagen and lipofuscin deposition, intercalating disc width, and fatty degradation. Development of in vivo application of the NLOM technique may represent a revolutionary approach in characterizing atrial fibrillation associated myocardial remodeling with important implications for therapy individualization and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Buttner
- Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Strumpellstrabe 39, 04289 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roberta Galli
- Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrabe 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniela Husser
- Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Strumpellstrabe 39, 04289 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Bollmann
- Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Strumpellstrabe 39, 04289 Leipzig, Germany
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Waduge P, Hu R, Bandarkar P, Yamazaki H, Cressiot B, Zhao Q, Whitford PC, Wanunu M. Nanopore-Based Measurements of Protein Size, Fluctuations, and Conformational Changes. ACS NANO 2017; 11:5706-5716. [PMID: 28471644 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b01212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are structurally dynamic macromolecules, and it is challenging to quantify the conformational properties of their native state in solution. Nanopores can be efficient tools to study proteins in a solution environment. In this method, an electric field induces electrophoretic and/or electro-osmotic transport of protein molecules through a nanopore slightly larger than the protein molecule. High-bandwidth ion current measurement is used to detect the transit of each protein molecule. First, our measurements reveal a correlation between the mean current blockade amplitude and the radius of gyration for each protein. Next, we find a correlation between the shape of the current signal amplitude distributions and the protein fluctuation as obtained from molecular dynamics simulations. Further, the magnitude of the structural fluctuations, as probed by experiments and simulations, correlates with the ratio of α-helix to β-sheet content. We highlight the resolution of our measurements by resolving two states of calmodulin, a canonical protein that undergoes a conformational change in response to calcium binding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Hirohito Yamazaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kouhoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | | | - Qing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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Cicchi R, Pavone FS. Probing Collagen Organization: Practical Guide for Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) Imaging. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1627:409-425. [PMID: 28836217 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7113-8_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is a powerful microscopy technique for imaging collagen and other biological molecules using a label-free approach. SHG microscopy offers the advantages of a nonlinear imaging modality together with those ones of a coherent technique. These features make SHG microscopy the ideal tool for imaging collagen at high resolution and for characterizing its organization at various hierarchical levels. Considering that collagen organization plays a crucial role in fibrosis and in its development, it would be beneficial for the researcher working in the field of fibrosis to have a manual listing crucial points to be considered when imaging collagen using SHG microscopy. This chapter provides an answer to this demand with state-of-the-art protocols, methods, and laboratory tips related to SHG microscopy. We also discuss advantages and limitations of the use of SHG for studying fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Cicchi
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council (INO-CNR), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Francesco S Pavone
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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8
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Hinderer S, Brauchle E, Schenke-Layland K. Generation and Assessment of Functional Biomaterial Scaffolds for Applications in Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:2326-41. [PMID: 25778713 PMCID: PMC4745029 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Current clinically applicable tissue and organ replacement therapies are limited in the field of cardiovascular regenerative medicine. The available options do not regenerate damaged tissues and organs, and, in the majority of the cases, show insufficient restoration of tissue function. To date, anticoagulant drug-free heart valve replacements or growing valves for pediatric patients, hemocompatible and thrombus-free vascular substitutes that are smaller than 6 mm, and stem cell-recruiting delivery systems that induce myocardial regeneration are still only visions of researchers and medical professionals worldwide and far from being the standard of clinical treatment. The design of functional off-the-shelf biomaterials as well as automatable and up-scalable biomaterial processing methods are the focus of current research endeavors and of great interest for fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Here, various approaches that aim to overcome the current limitations are reviewed, focusing on biomaterials design and generation methods for myocardium, heart valves, and blood vessels. Furthermore, novel contact- and marker-free biomaterial and extracellular matrix assessment methods are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Hinderer
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology (IGB), Nobelstrasse 12, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Silcherstr. 7/1, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Eva Brauchle
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology (IGB), Nobelstrasse 12, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Silcherstr. 7/1, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- Institute of Interfacial Process Engineering and Plasma Technology (IGVP), University of Stuttgart, Nobelstrasse 12, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology (IGB), Nobelstrasse 12, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Silcherstr. 7/1, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at the, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
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9
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Levy U, Silberberg Y. Second and third harmonic waves excited by focused Gaussian beams. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:27795-27805. [PMID: 26480441 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.027795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Harmonic generation by tightly-focused Gaussian beams is finding important applications, primarily in nonlinear microscopy. It is often naively assumed that the nonlinear signal is generated predominantly in the focal region. However, the intensity of Gaussian-excited electromagnetic harmonic waves is sensitive to the excitation geometry and to the phase matching condition, and may depend on quite an extended region of the material away from the focal plane. Here we solve analytically the amplitude integral for second harmonic and third harmonic waves and study the generated harmonic intensities vs. focal-plane position within the material. We find that maximum intensity for positive wave-vector mismatch values, for both second harmonic and third harmonic waves, is achieved when the fundamental Gaussian is focused few Rayleigh lengths beyond the front surface. Harmonic-generation theory predicts strong intensity oscillations with thickness if the material is very thin. We reproduced these intensity oscillations in glass slabs pumped at 1550nm. From the oscillations of the 517nm third-harmonic waves with slab thickness we estimate the wave-vector mismatch in a Soda-lime glass as Δk(H)= -0.249μm(-1).
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10
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Patheja P, Dasgupta R, Dube A, Ahlawat S, Verma RS, Gupta PK. The use of optical trap and microbeam to investigate the mechanical and transport characteristics of tunneling nanotubes in tumor spheroids. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2015; 8:730-9. [PMID: 25355694 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201400086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The use of optical trap and microbeam for investigating mechanical and transport properties of inter cellular tunneling nanotubes (TnTs) in tumor spheroids has been demonstrated. TnTs in tumor spheroids have been visualized by manipulating TnT connected cells using optical tweezers. Functionality of the TnTs for transferring cytoplasmic vesicles and injected dye molecules by optoporation method has been studied. Further, the TnTs could be longitudinally stretched by manipulating the connected cells and their elastic response was studied. Manipulation of cells at the surface of tumor spheroid using optical tweezers and injection of fluorescent dye into a trapped cell using optoporation technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Patheja
- Laser Biomedical Applications and Instrumentation Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013, India.
| | - Raktim Dasgupta
- Laser Biomedical Applications and Instrumentation Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013, India.
- Department of Theory and Bio-systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Alok Dube
- Laser Biomedical Applications and Instrumentation Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013, India
| | - Sunita Ahlawat
- Laser Biomedical Applications and Instrumentation Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013, India
| | - Ravi Shanker Verma
- Laser Biomedical Applications and Instrumentation Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Gupta
- Laser Biomedical Applications and Instrumentation Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013, India
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11
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Mancuso JJ, Cheng J, Yin Z, Gilliam JC, Xia X, Li X, Wong STC. Integration of multiscale dendritic spine structure and function data into systems biology models. Front Neuroanat 2014; 8:130. [PMID: 25429262 PMCID: PMC4228840 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2014.00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprising 1011 neurons with 1014 synaptic connections the human brain is the ultimate systems biology puzzle. An increasing body of evidence highlights the observation that changes in brain function, both normal and pathological, consistently correlate with dynamic changes in neuronal anatomy. Anatomical changes occur on a full range of scales from the trafficking of individual proteins, to alterations in synaptic morphology both individually and on a systems level, to reductions in long distance connectivity and brain volume. The major sites of contact for synapsing neurons are dendritic spines, which provide an excellent metric for the number and strength of signaling connections between elements of functional neuronal circuits. A comprehensive model of anatomical changes and their functional consequences would be a holy grail for the field of systems neuroscience but its realization appears far on the horizon. Various imaging technologies have advanced to allow for multi-scale visualization of brain plasticity and pathology, but computational analysis of the big data sets involved forms the bottleneck toward the creation of multiscale models of brain structure and function. While a full accounting of techniques and progress toward a comprehensive model of brain anatomy and function is beyond the scope of this or any other single paper, this review serves to highlight the opportunities for analysis of neuronal spine anatomy and function provided by new imaging technologies and the high-throughput application of older technologies while surveying the strengths and weaknesses of currently available computational analytical tools and room for future improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Mancuso
- Department of Systems Medicine and Bioengineering, Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston, TX, USA ; TT and WF Chao Center for Bioinformatics Research and Imaging for Neurosciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Systems Medicine and Bioengineering, Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston, TX, USA ; TT and WF Chao Center for Bioinformatics Research and Imaging for Neurosciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zheng Yin
- Department of Systems Medicine and Bioengineering, Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston, TX, USA ; TT and WF Chao Center for Bioinformatics Research and Imaging for Neurosciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jared C Gilliam
- Department of Systems Medicine and Bioengineering, Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston, TX, USA ; TT and WF Chao Center for Bioinformatics Research and Imaging for Neurosciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Xia
- Department of Systems Medicine and Bioengineering, Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston, TX, USA ; TT and WF Chao Center for Bioinformatics Research and Imaging for Neurosciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xuping Li
- Department of Systems Medicine and Bioengineering, Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston, TX, USA ; TT and WF Chao Center for Bioinformatics Research and Imaging for Neurosciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen T C Wong
- Department of Systems Medicine and Bioengineering, Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston, TX, USA ; TT and WF Chao Center for Bioinformatics Research and Imaging for Neurosciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston, TX, USA
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12
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Cicchi R, Kapsokalyvas D, Troiano M, Campolmi P, Morini C, Massi D, Cannarozzo G, Lotti T, Pavone FS. In vivo non-invasive monitoring of collagen remodelling by two-photon microscopy after micro-ablative fractional laser resurfacing. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2014; 7:914-925. [PMID: 24339127 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201300124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Non-linear optical microscopy is becoming popular as a non-invasive in vivo imaging modality in dermatology. In this study, combined TPF and SHG microscopy were used to monitor collagen remodelling in vivo after micro-ablative fractional laser resurfacing. Papillary dermis of living subjects, covering a wide age range, was imaged immediately before and forty days after treatment. A qualitative visual examination of acquired images demonstrated an age-dependent remodelling effect on collagen. Additional quantitative analysis of new collagen production was performed by means of two image analysis methods. A higher increase in SHG to TPF ratio, corresponding to a stronger treatment effectiveness, was found in older subjects, whereas the effect was found to be negligible in young, and minimal in middle age subjects. Analysis of collagen images also showed a dependence of the treatment effectiveness with age but with controversial results. While the diagnostic potential of in vivo multiphoton microscopy has already been demonstrated for skin cancer and other skin diseases, here we first successfully explore its potential use for a non-invasive follow-up of a laser-based treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Cicchi
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council INO-CNR, Largo E. Fermi 6, 50125, Florence, Italy; European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy LENS, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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13
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Clinical nonlinear laser imaging of human skin: a review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:903589. [PMID: 25250337 PMCID: PMC4163368 DOI: 10.1155/2014/903589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical microscopy has the potential of being used in vivo as a noninvasive imaging modality for both epidermal and dermal imaging. This paper reviews the capabilities of nonlinear microscopy as a noninvasive high-resolution tool for clinical skin inspection. In particular, we show that two-photon fluorescence microscopy can be used as a diagnostic tool for characterizing epidermal layers by means of a morphological examination. Additional functional information on the metabolic state of cells can be provided by measuring the fluorescence decay of NADH. This approach allows differentiating epidermal layers having different structural and cytological features and has the potential of diagnosing pathologies in a very early stage. Regarding therapy follow-up, we demonstrate that nonlinear microscopy could be successfully used for monitoring the effect of a treatment. In particular, combined two-photon fluorescence and second-harmonic generation microscopy were used in vivo for monitoring collagen remodeling after microablative fractional laser resurfacing and for quantitatively monitoring psoriasis on the basis of the morphology of epidermal cells and dermal papillae. We believe that the described microscopic modalities could find in the near future a stable place in a clinical dermatological setting for quantitative diagnostic purposes and as a monitoring method for various treatments.
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Adur J, Carvalho HF, Cesar CL, Casco VH. Nonlinear optical microscopy signal processing strategies in cancer. Cancer Inform 2014; 13:67-76. [PMID: 24737930 PMCID: PMC3981479 DOI: 10.4137/cin.s12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This work reviews the most relevant present-day processing methods used to improve the accuracy of multimodal nonlinear images in the detection of epithelial cancer and the supporting stroma. Special emphasis has been placed on methods of non linear optical (NLO) microscopy image processing such as: second harmonic to autofluorescence ageing index of dermis (SAAID), tumor-associated collagen signatures (TACS), fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis, and gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM)-based methods. These strategies are presented as a set of potential valuable diagnostic tools for early cancer detection. It may be proposed that the combination of NLO microscopy and informatics based image analysis approaches described in this review (all carried out on free software) may represent a powerful tool to investigate collagen organization and remodeling of extracellular matrix in carcinogenesis processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Adur
- Microscopy Laboratory Applied to Molecular and Cellular Studies, Bioengineering School, National University of Entre Rios, Oro Verde, Entre Rios, Argentina. ; INFABiC-National Institute of Science and Technology on Photonics Applied to Cell Biology, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hernandes F Carvalho
- INFABiC-National Institute of Science and Technology on Photonics Applied to Cell Biology, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos L Cesar
- INFABiC-National Institute of Science and Technology on Photonics Applied to Cell Biology, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Víctor H Casco
- Microscopy Laboratory Applied to Molecular and Cellular Studies, Bioengineering School, National University of Entre Rios, Oro Verde, Entre Rios, Argentina
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15
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Cicchi R, Matthäus C, Meyer T, Lattermann A, Dietzek B, Brehm BR, Popp J, Pavone FS. Characterization of collagen and cholesterol deposition in atherosclerotic arterial tissue using non-linear microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2014; 7:135-43. [PMID: 23861313 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201300055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is characterized by the accumulation of lipids within the arterial wall and is commonly diagnosed using standard histology. Non-linear microscopy represents a possible label-free alternative to standard diagnostic methods for imaging various tissue components. Here we employ SHG and CARS microscopy for imaging thin cross-sections of atherosclerotic arterial tissue, demonstrating that both cholesterol deposition in the lumen and collagen in the normal arterial wall can be imaged and discriminated using SHG and CARS microscopy. A simultaneous detection of both forward and backward scattered SHG signals allows distinguishing collagen fibres from cholesterol. Further analysis, based on image pattern evaluation algorithms, is used to characterize collagen organization in the healthy arterial wall against collagen found within plaques. Different values of fibre mean size, distribution and anisotropy are calculated for lumen and media prospectively allowing for automated classification of atherosclerotic lesions. The presented method represents a promising diagnostic tool for evaluating atherosclerotic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Cicchi
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council INO-CNR, Largo E. Fermi 6, 50125, Florence, Italy; European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy LENS, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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16
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Silvestri L, Allegra Mascaro AL, Costantini I, Sacconi L, Pavone FS. Correlative two-photon and light sheet microscopy. Methods 2013; 66:268-72. [PMID: 23806642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Information processing inside the central nervous system takes place on multiple scales in both space and time. A single imaging technique can reveal only a small part of this complex machinery. To obtain a more comprehensive view of brain functionality, complementary approaches should be combined into a correlative framework. Here, we describe a method to integrate data from in vivo two-photon fluorescence imaging and ex vivo light sheet microscopy, taking advantage of blood vessels as reference chart. We show how the apical dendritic arbor of a single cortical pyramidal neuron imaged in living thy1-GFP-M mice can be found in the large-scale brain reconstruction obtained with light sheet microscopy. Starting from the apical portion, the whole pyramidal neuron can then be segmented. The correlative approach presented here allows contextualizing within a three-dimensional anatomic framework the neurons whose dynamics have been observed with high detail in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovico Silvestri
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Italy
| | | | - Irene Costantini
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sacconi
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Saverio Pavone
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Italy; National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, Italy; International Center for Computational Neurophotonics (ICON Foundation), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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17
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De Meulenaere E, Nguyen Bich N, de Wergifosse M, Van Hecke K, Van Meervelt L, Vanderleyden J, Champagne B, Clays K. Improving the second-order nonlinear optical response of fluorescent proteins: the symmetry argument. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:4061-9. [PMID: 23406416 DOI: 10.1021/ja400098b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We have successfully designed and expressed a new fluorescent protein with improved second-order nonlinear optical properties. It is the first time that a fluorescent protein has been rationally altered for this particular characteristic. On the basis of the specific noncentrosymmetry requirements for second-order nonlinear optical effects, we had hypothesized that the surprisingly low first hyperpolarizability (β) of the enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (eYFP) could be explained by centrosymmetric stacking of the chromophoric Tyr66 and the neighboring Tyr203 residue. The inversion center was removed by mutating Tyr203 into Phe203, with minor changes in the linear optical properties and even an improved fluorescence quantum yield. Structure determination by X-ray crystallography as well as linear optical characterization corroborate a correct folding and maturation. Measurement of β by means of hyper-Rayleigh scattering (HRS) as well as their analysis using quantum chemistry calculations validate our hypothesis. This observation can eventually lead to improved red fluorescent proteins for even better performance. On the basis of the specific function (second-harmonic generation), the color of its emission, and in analogy with the "fruit" names, we propose SHardonnay as the name for this Tyr203Phe mutant of eYFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien De Meulenaere
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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18
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Thermal transitions of fibrillar collagen unveiled by second-harmonic generation microscopy of corneal stroma. Biophys J 2013; 103:1179-87. [PMID: 22995490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermal transitions of fibrillar collagen are investigated with second-harmonic generation polarization anisotropy microscopy. Second-harmonic generation images and polarization anisotropy profiles of corneal stroma heated in the 35-80°C range are analyzed by means of a theoretical model that is suitable to probe principal intramolecular and interfibrillar parameters of immediate physiological interest. Our results depict the tissue modification with temperature as the interplay of three destructuration stages at different hierarchical levels of collagen assembly including its tertiary structure and interfibrillar alignment, thus supporting and extending previous findings. This method holds the promise of a quantitative inspection of fundamental biophysical and biochemical processes and may find future applications in real-time and postsurgical functional imaging of collagen-rich tissues subjected to thermal treatments.
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19
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Cicchi R, Vogler N, Kapsokalyvas D, Dietzek B, Popp J, Pavone FS. From molecular structure to tissue architecture: collagen organization probed by SHG microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2013; 6:129-42. [PMID: 22791562 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is a fantastic tool for imaging collagen and probing its hierarchical organization from molecular scale up to tissue architectural level. In fact, SHG combines the advantages of a non-linear microscopy approach with a coherent modality able to probe molecular organization. In this manuscript we review the physical concepts describing SHG from collagen, highlighting how this optical process allows to probe structures ranging from molecular sizes to tissue architecture, through image pattern analysis and scoring methods. Starting from the description of the most relevant approaches employing SHG polarization anisotropy and forward - backward SHG detection, we then focus on the most relevant methods for imaging and characterizing collagen organization in tissues through image pattern analysis methods, highlighting advantages and limitations of the methods applied to tissue imaging and to potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Cicchi
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy LENS, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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20
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Xu X, Cheng J, Thrall MJ, Liu Z, Wang X, Wong ST. Multimodal non-linear optical imaging for label-free differentiation of lung cancerous lesions from normal and desmoplastic tissues. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 4:2855-68. [PMID: 24409386 PMCID: PMC3862152 DOI: 10.1364/boe.4.002855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung carcinoma is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, and non-small cell carcinoma accounts for 85% of all lung cancer cases. One major characteristic of non-small cell carcinoma is the appearance of desmoplasia and deposition of dense extracellular collagen around the tumor. The desmoplastic response provides a radiologic target but may impair sampling during traditional image-guided needle biopsy and is difficult to differentiate from normal tissues using single label free imaging modality; for translational purposes, label-free techniques provide a more promising route to clinics. We thus investigated the potential of using multimodal, label free optical microscopy that incorporates Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS), Two-Photon Excited AutoFluorescence (TPEAF), and Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) techniques for differentiating lung cancer from normal and desmoplastic tissues. Lung tissue samples from patients were imaged using CARS, TPEAF, and SHG for comparison and showed that the combination of the three non-linear optics techniques is essential for attaining reliable differentiation. These images also illustrated good pathological correlation with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained sections from the same tissue samples. Automated image analysis algorithms were developed for quantitative segmentation and feature extraction to enable lung tissue differentiation. Our results indicate that coupled with automated morphology analysis, the proposed tri-modal nonlinear optical imaging technique potentially offers a powerful translational strategy to differentiate cancer lesions reliably from surrounding non-tumor and desmoplastic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Xu
- Systems Medicine and Bioengineering Department, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas 77030 USA
- Authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jie Cheng
- Systems Medicine and Bioengineering Department, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas 77030 USA
- Authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Michael J. Thrall
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas 77030 USA
| | - Zhengfan Liu
- Systems Medicine and Bioengineering Department, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas 77030 USA
- School of Optoelectronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Systems Medicine and Bioengineering Department, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas 77030 USA
| | - Stephen T.C. Wong
- Systems Medicine and Bioengineering Department, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas 77030 USA
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas 77030 USA
- Department of Radiology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas 77030 USA
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