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Xie D, Li Q, Gao Q, Song W, Zhang HF, Yuan X. In vivo blind-deconvolution photoacoustic ophthalmoscopy with total variation regularization. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11:e201700360. [PMID: 29577625 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic ophthalmoscopy (PAOM) is capable of noninvasively imaging anatomic and functional information of the retina in living rodents. However, the strong ocular aberration in rodent eyes and limited ultrasonic detection sensitivity affect PAOM's spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in in vivo eyes. In this work, we report a computational approach to combine blind deconvolution (BD) algorithm with a regularizing constraint based on total variation (BDTV) for PAOM imaging restoration. We tested the algorithm in retinal and choroidal microvascular images in albino rat eyes. The algorithm improved PAOM's lateral resolution by around 2-fold. Moreover, it enabled the improvement in imaging SNR for both major vessels and capillaries, and realized the well-preserved blood vessels' edges simultaneously, which surpasses conventional Richardson-Lucy BD algorithm. The reported results indicate that the BDTV algorithm potentially facilitate PAOM in extracting retinal pathophysiological information by enhancing in vivo imaging quality without physically modifying PAOM's optical configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qin Li
- School of Software Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Quanxue Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Song
- Nanophotonics Research Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao F Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xiaocong Yuan
- Nanophotonics Research Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Song W, Wei Q, Liu W, Liu T, Yi J, Sheibani N, Fawzi AA, Linsenmeier RA, Jiao S, Zhang HF. A combined method to quantify the retinal metabolic rate of oxygen using photoacoustic ophthalmoscopy and optical coherence tomography. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6525. [PMID: 25283870 PMCID: PMC4185377 DOI: 10.1038/srep06525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitatively determining physiological parameters at a microscopic level in the retina furthers the understanding of the molecular pathways of blinding diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. An essential parameter, which has yet to be quantified noninvasively, is the retinal oxygen metabolic rate (rMRO2). Quantifying rMRO2 is challenging because two parameters, the blood flow rate and hemoglobin oxygen saturation (sO2), must be measured together. We combined photoacoustic ophthalmoscopy (PAOM) with spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to tackle this challenge, in which PAOM measured the sO2 and SD-OCT mapped the blood flow rate. We tested the integrated system on normal wild-type rats, in which the measured rMRO2 was 297.86 ± 70.23 nl/minute. This quantitative method may shed new light on both fundamental research and clinical care in ophthalmology in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Da-Zhi Street Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Qing Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Wenzhong Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Tan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Ji Yi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Nader Sheibani
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Amani A. Fawzi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Robert A. Linsenmeier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Shuliang Jiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Hao F. Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Kafieh R, Rabbani H, Hajizadeh F, Ommani M. An accurate multimodal 3-D vessel segmentation method based on brightness variations on OCT layers and curvelet domain fundus image analysis. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2013; 60:2815-23. [PMID: 23722446 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2013.2263844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This paper proposes a multimodal approach for vessel segmentation of macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) slices along with the fundus image. The method is comprised of two separate stages; the first step is 2-D segmentation of blood vessels in curvelet domain, enhanced by taking advantage of vessel information in crossing OCT slices (named feedback procedure), and improved by suppressing the false positives around the optic nerve head. The proposed method for vessel localization of OCT slices is also enhanced utilizing the fact that retinal nerve fiber layer becomes thicker in the presence of the blood vessels. The second stage of this method is axial localization of the vessels in OCT slices and 3-D reconstruction of the blood vessels. Twenty-four macular spectral 3-D OCT scans of 16 normal subjects were acquired using a Heidelberg HRA OCT scanner. Each dataset consisted of a scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) image and limited number of OCT scans with size of 496 × 512 (namely, for a data with 19 selected OCT slices, the whole data size was 496 × 512 × 19). The method is developed with least complicated algorithms and the results show considerable improvement in accuracy of vessel segmentation over similar methods to produce a local accuracy of 0.9632 in area of SLO, covered with OCT slices, and the overall accuracy of 0.9467 in the whole SLO image. The results are also demonstrative of a direct relation between the overall accuracy and percentage of SLO coverage by OCT slices.
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