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Gualtieri A, Vicens-Bordas J, Rampinini E, Ferrari Bravo D, Beato M. Three-, Four-, and Five-Day Microcycles: The Normality in Professional Football. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39069283 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2024-0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to quantify training and match-day (MD) load during 3-, 4-, and 5-day microcycles in professional adult football, as well as to analyze the effect of the microcycle length on training load produced the day after the match (MD + 1) and the day before the match (MD - 1). METHODS The study involved 20 male professional football players whose external and internal loads were monitored for a whole season. The training exposure, total distance covered, high-speed-running distance, sprint distance (SD), individual SD above 80% of the individual maximum velocity (D > 80%), and the number of accelerations and decelerations were quantified, as well as rating of perceived exertion and session rating of perceived exertion training load. RESULTS Microcycle length affected most of the variables of interest: high-speed-running distance (F = 9.04, P < .01), SD (F = 13.90, P < .01), D > 80% (F = 20.25, P < .01), accelerations (F = 10.12, P < .01), and decelerations (F = 6.01, P < .01). There was an interaction effect between the training day and microcycle type for SD (F = 5.46, P < .01), D > 80% (F = 4.51, P < .01), accelerations (F = 2.24, P = .06), and decelerations (F = 3.91, P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Coaches seem to be influenced by shorter microcycles in their training proposal, preferring sessions with a reduced muscle impact during shorter microcycles. Independent of the length of the congested fixture microcycle, the daily load seems to decrease when MD approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gualtieri
- Sport Science and R&D Department, Juventus Football Club, Turin, Italy
- School of Health and Sports Science, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, United Kingdom
| | - Jordi Vicens-Bordas
- Sport Performance Analysis Research Group (SPARG), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
- UVic-UCC Sport and Physical Activity Studies Center (CEEAF), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ermanno Rampinini
- Human Performance Laboratory, MAPEI Sport Research Center, Olgiate Olona, Italy
- Sport and Exercise Discipline Group, Human Performance Research Centre, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Moore Park, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Marco Beato
- School of Health and Sports Science, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, United Kingdom
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Gómez-Piqueras P, Alcaraz PE. If You Want to Prevent Hamstring Injuries in Soccer, Run Fast: A Narrative Review about Practical Considerations of Sprint Training. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:134. [PMID: 38787003 PMCID: PMC11126098 DOI: 10.3390/sports12050134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hamstring strain injuries (HSIs) are one of the most common injuries in sprint-based sports. In soccer, the ability to sprint is key, not only because of its relation to performance but also due to its possible protective effect against HSIs. Although many authors have focused on the "how", "when", and "what" training load should be implemented, there is a lack of practical proposals for sprint training in a high-level professional environment. The objective of this narrative review is, after a deep review of the scientific literature, to present a practical approach for sprint training, trying to answer some of the questions that most strength and conditioning coaches ask themselves when including it in soccer. Once the literature published on this topic was reviewed and combined with the practical experience of the authors, it was concluded that sprint training in soccer, although it presents an obvious need, is not something about which there is methodological unanimity. However, following the practical recommendations from this narrative review, strength and conditioning coaches can have a reference model that serves as a starting point for optimal management of the internal and external training load when they wish to introduce sprint training in the competitive microcycle in professional soccer players, with the aim of reducing HSIs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro E. Alcaraz
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
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Hu X, Boisbluche S, Philippe K, Maurelli O, Ren X, Li S, Xu B, Prioux J. Position-specific workload of professional rugby union players during tactical periodization training. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0288345. [PMID: 38551898 PMCID: PMC10980212 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The positional workload characteristics in rugby union on three acquisition days (i.e. strength, endurance, and speed days) of tactical periodization are still relatively unknown. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to shed light on the positional external workload variables (10 Hz Global Positioning System and accelerometer microtechnology) and internal workload indicators (the session rating of perceived exertion) of players in a professional rugby union team by utilizing and comparing two tactical periodization models. Twenty-six male players (15 forwards and 11 backs) were recruited from a French second-division rugby club. Data were obtained over 10 weeks of in-season home games: a total of 780 observations were analyzed. Student's t-test observed different external workload profiles between positions among acquisition days. Mean external workload values, except PlayerLoadslow, were significantly higher (p≤0.01; effect size: 0.41-1.93) for backs than forwards for all acquisition days. Moreover, forwards perceived a higher internal workload than backs on the strength day of both models. The findings demonstrate that applying these two tactical periodization models could result in effective rugby union training. Validating external and internal workload characteristics on tactical periodization acquisition days enables extensive analysis of training load monitoring data; these data can be utilized to discover the unique characteristics of each position and design position-specific acquisition days to improve performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopan Hu
- Sino-French Joint Research Center of Sport Science, College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Movement, Sport, and Health Sciences Laboratory, Rennes 2 University, Bruz, France
- Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, École Normale Supérieure de Rennes, Bruz, France
| | | | - Kilian Philippe
- Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, École Normale Supérieure de Rennes, Bruz, France
- Movement, Balance, Performance, and Health Laboratory, University of Pau and Pays de l’Adour, Tarbes, France
| | - Olivier Maurelli
- Muscle Dynamics and Metabolism Laboratory, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Xiangyu Ren
- Sino-French Joint Research Center of Sport Science, College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Movement, Sport, and Health Sciences Laboratory, Rennes 2 University, Bruz, France
- Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, École Normale Supérieure de Rennes, Bruz, France
| | - Shichang Li
- Sino-French Joint Research Center of Sport Science, College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Sino-French Joint Research Center of Sport Science, College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jacques Prioux
- Sino-French Joint Research Center of Sport Science, College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Movement, Sport, and Health Sciences Laboratory, Rennes 2 University, Bruz, France
- Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, École Normale Supérieure de Rennes, Bruz, France
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Hu X, Boisbluche S, Philippe K, Maurelli O, Li S, Xu B, Prioux J. Effects of Tactical Periodization on Workload, Physical Fitness, and Well-Being in Professional Rugby Union Players During a Preseason Period. J Strength Cond Res 2024; 38:105-115. [PMID: 37506365 PMCID: PMC10712997 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hu, X, Boisbluche, S, Philippe, K, Maurelli, O, Li, S, Xu, B, and Prioux, J. Effects of tactical periodization on workload, physical fitness, and well-being in professional rugby union players during a preseason period. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 105-115, 2024-Tactical periodization (TP) emerged approximately 30 years ago and has recently gained considerable attention in rugby union (RU). It aims to develop specific physical fitness components with 3 acquisition days (strength, endurance, and speed). However, no study has investigated the effects of TP on workload, physical fitness, and well-being across an RU preseason. This study aimed to determine how RU players' workload response to TP focusing on positional differences, observe the influence of a TP preseason training program on aerobic fitness and neuromuscular performance between positions, and analyze the variation of well-being reported by forwards and backs from the 3 acquisition days. Thirty-two male players completed a 6-week TP protocol. External and internal workload variables were recorded through global positioning systems and session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE) separately. Fitness assessments included Bronco and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests. The sum of well-being indices was measured using the Hooper index. Kruskal-Wallis H tests revealed that the highest values of PlayerLoad slow, PlayerLoad slow percentage, and s-RPE were found on endurance day and the lowest on speed day. Mann-Whitney U tests showed that 15 external workload parameters were higher in backs than forwards for each acquisition day. Small improvements were observed on the Bronco test. No differences were observed in CMJ performance during the preseason period and well-being values between acquisition days. This study provides unique insights into external and internal workload variables during each acquisition day. Furthermore, it highlights TP as an efficient theoretical concept to use in an RU context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopan Hu
- Sino-French Joint Research Center of Sport Science, College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Movement, Sport, and Health Sciences Laboratory, Rennes 2 University, Bruz, France
- Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, École Normale Supérieure de Rennes, Bruz, France
| | - Simon Boisbluche
- Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, École Normale Supérieure de Rennes, Bruz, France
| | - Kilian Philippe
- Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, École Normale Supérieure de Rennes, Bruz, France
- Movement, Balance, Performance, and Health Laboratory, University of Pau and Pays de l’Adour, Tarbes, France; and
| | - Olivier Maurelli
- Muscle Dynamics and Metabolism Laboratory, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Shichang Li
- Sino-French Joint Research Center of Sport Science, College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Sino-French Joint Research Center of Sport Science, College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jacques Prioux
- Sino-French Joint Research Center of Sport Science, College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Movement, Sport, and Health Sciences Laboratory, Rennes 2 University, Bruz, France
- Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, École Normale Supérieure de Rennes, Bruz, France
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Saccà M, Bondi D, Balducci F, Petri C, Mazza G. Intra- and Inter-Seasonal Fitness and Training Load Variations of Elite U20 Soccer Players. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2023; 94:940-947. [PMID: 35612959 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2022.2074951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inherent physical and anthropometric traits of elite soccer players, influenced by nature and nurture, account for the emergence of performances across time. Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate inter- and intraseasonal differences and the influence of playing position on training and fitness metrics in talented young soccer players. Methods: A total of 74 male players from U20 teams of a single elite club were tested both at beginning, during, and at the end of three consecutive competitive seasons. Players under went anthropometric measurement and were tested for aerobic, jumping, and sprinting performances; the GPS-derived measures of metabolic power (MP) and equivalent distance index (ED) of every athlete were analyzed. Results: Difference between teams emerged in Mognoni's test, while it did not in countermovement jump and anthropometrics. ED was different across seasons. The model selection criteria revealed that the Bosco-Vittori test achieved the best fit. BMI and countermovement jump (CMJ) increased, and fat mass decreased, during season; different intraseasonal trends for CMJ. MP was slightly greater in midfielder. Conclusion: Network approaches in modeling performance metrics in sports team could unveil original interconnections between performance factors. In addition, the authors support multiparametric longitudinal assessments and a huge database of sports data for facilitating talent identification.
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Marín K, Castellano J. Two periodization strategies in professional football and their influence on accumulated training load and its distribution: Differences between starters and non-starters. J Sports Sci 2023; 41:2201-2208. [PMID: 38377010 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2318061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
This study compared weekly training-load (TL), training-monotony (TM), and training-strain (TS) in 80 professional football players (28.1 ± 3.2 yrs, 78.0 ± 5.9 kg, and 182.0 ± 4.8 cm), considering two lengths (6 and 7 days between matches), two types of periodization strategies (placing the compensatory session in MD+1 [P1] or MD+2 [P2] post-match-day) and two players' status, starters, and non-starters. Using Global Positioning Technology, the monitored variables were: Player Load (PL), Total Distance (TD), distances at various speeds (>21 [HSR], >24 [VHSR], and > 27 [SPR] km·h-1), number of accelerations (>2 m·s-2, ACC), and decelerations (<-2 m·s-2, DEC). Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney non-parametric statistical tests were used for loading strategy differences. In both lengths and periodization strategies of the micro-cycles, non-starters trained more than starters. There were differences in the quantity (TL) and distribution (TM and TS) demand considering the micro-cycle's length and periodization strategy. In MD+1 (P1), non-starters accumulated higher TL, showing moderate to large Cohen's d magnitudes in HSR, VHSR, SPR, PL, and TD. For starters, training in MD+2 (P2) resulted in higher values (p < 0.05) of TL, TM and TS. The coaching staff needs to anticipate TL, TM, and TS by considering players' status, periodization strategy, and the number of training sessions between matches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Marín
- GIKAFIT Research Group, Physical Education and Sport Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Julen Castellano
- GIKAFIT Research Group, Physical Education and Sport Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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Karlsson UB, Vagle M, Wiig H, Luteberget LS. Training Load Quantification in Women's Elite Football: A Season-Long Prospective Cohort Study. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2023; 18:603-614. [PMID: 37080539 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2022-0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate (1) if there are differences in training load and intensity between the different training days within a microcycle and (2) if training load and intensity within the different training days are stable over the course of a season. Data were collected over a full season from a team in the women's premier division in Norway. External load (total distance, high-speed-running distance, sprint distance, and the combined number of accelerations and decelerations [ACCDEC]) was assessed using a 10-Hz GPS system with a built-in accelerometer. Internal load was assessed through session rating of perceived exertion, which was multiplied with session duration (session rating of perceived exertion-load). Training days were classified in relation to their proximity to the upcoming match day (MD): MD - 4, MD - 3, MD - 2, and MD - 1. Contents on these days were standardized according to a weekly periodization model followed by the coaching staff. Differences between training days were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model. All training days were significantly different from each other across multiple variables. ACCDEC values were highest on MD - 4 (147.5 [13.0] ACCDEC count), and all distance variables were highest on MD - 3. All measures of training load were significantly reduced from MD - 3 to MD - 2 (effect size [ES] = 1.0-4.1) and from MD - 2 to MD - 1 (ES = 1.6-4.3). A significant negative effect across the season was observed for session rating of perceived exertion-load and ACCDEC (ES = 0.8-2.1). These results provide evidence that elite female football teams can be successful in differentiating training load between training days when implementing a weekly periodization approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrik B Karlsson
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo,Norway
| | - Markus Vagle
- Department of Sports, Physical Education and Outdoor Studies, University of South-Eastern Norway, Buskerud,Norway
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Oslo,Norway
| | - Håvard Wiig
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo,Norway
| | - Live S Luteberget
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo,Norway
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Silva H, Nakamura FY, Castellano J, Marcelino R. Training Load Within a Soccer Microcycle Week—A Systematic Review. Strength Cond J 2023. [DOI: 10.1519/ssc.0000000000000765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Cao G. APPLICATION OF ABDOMINAL CORE RESISTANCE TRAINING IN SOCCER TRAINING. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202329012022_0583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: The abdominal center exercises are essential to ensure functional stability in soccer players, increasing the athlete's safety during rehabilitation. Objective: Verify the practical influence of abdominal core resistance training in the training of soccer players with a history of injuries. Methods: Eighteen athletes with recent sports injuries were selected for a controlled trial, randomly divided into two groups. The athletes underwent an FMS test before the beginning of the experiment. The experimental group underwent resistance training in addition to the usual procedures. The frequency of the intervention was twice weekly and the experiment lasted 12 weeks. All participants were tested and compared by the FMS test after the intervention. A combination of mathematics and statistics was the experiment’s effects of the experiment. Results: There was no significant difference in the measurement values of the seven basic tests in the soccer player groups (P>0.05). The fitness level of the experimental group was significantly improved after the abdominal core resistance exercise (P<0.05). Conclusion: Abdominal core stability training can effectively improve the physical fitness of soccer players, reducing the risk of injury. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
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Liu C, Wang W. RELATIONS OF BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN THE ENDURANCE AND PHYSICAL FITNESS OF SOCCER PLAYERS. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202329012022_0372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Many factors restrict the development of soccer technology. An athlete’s body constitution, quality, and physical function are essential for achieving technical development. Objective: Analyze the relationship between biochemical parameters on sports endurance and the physical fitness of soccer players. Methods: Samples were collected from volunteer players 20 days before the game, during the adjustment period, and on the morning of the intensive game. Enzyme staining and immunofluorescence method were used for hemoglobin detection. Results: Male soccer players had an average Hb of 15.18 g/dl in pregame preparations and dropped to 13.97 g/dl in high-level games. These data were statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion: Cortisol in high-level soccer players rapidly produces several stressful substances in the body. The blood sugar content of participants from elite youth soccer teams in China is within the normal range. The research findings of this paper can provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of soccer training strategies. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
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Wu H. SUPERISOMETRIC AQUATIC TRAINING IN THE PHYSICAL PREPARATION OF SOCCER PLAYERS. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202329012022_0630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: With the growing importance of physical training over sport training for competition, more research has been conducted. One of the least explored techniques is superisometric aquatic training. Objective: Study the application of super-isometric aquatic training to the physical training of soccer athletes. Methods: A literature review was performed to elaborate an experimental protocol. The experimental method was conducted on 24 university volunteers randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Classical training was conducted for two weeks between the groups, superisometric aquatic training was added only in the experimental group. Through the mathematical-statistical method, a comparative analysis of the research results was elaborated, and the effects of the intervention were discussed. Results: The movement time of the athletes in the experimental training group was reduced by 1.89s. The performance of running, tapping, standing jump, and weightlifting tests is not significantly different from those of the traditional strength training group. Conclusion: The application of superisometric aquatic training in the physical preparation of soccer players increased the overall strength of athletes,and also beneficially influenced specific activities of the sport. It is recommended to analyze the characteristics of the athlete and integrate superisometric training to general strength traispecificcally to the need of each athlete. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Krirk University, Thailand
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Olaizola A, Errekagorri I, Lopez-de-Ipina K, María Calvo P, Castellano J. Comparison of the External Load in Training Sessions and Official Matches in Female Football: A Case Report. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192315820. [PMID: 36497893 PMCID: PMC9736486 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the external load of training sessions using as a reference an official competition match in women's football in order to find if the training sessions replicate the competition demands. Twenty-two semi-professional football players were analyzed during 17 weeks in the first phase of the competitive period of the 2020-2021 season of Spanish women's football. In addition to the competition (Official Matches, OM), four types of sessions were distinguished: strength or intensity (INT), endurance or extensity (EXT), velocity (VEL), and activation or pre-competitive (PREOM). The external load variables recorded were total distance (TD), high-speed running (HSR), sprint (Sprint), accelerations (ACC2), decelerations (DEC2), player load (PL), distance covered per minute (TDmin), high metabolic load distance (HMLD), and total impacts. The main results were that the external load demanded was different according to the type of session, being, in all cases, much lower than OM. The variables referring to the neuromuscular demands (ACC2 and DEC2) were higher in the INT sessions, the TD variable in the EXT sessions and the velocity variables (HSR and Sprint) in the VEL sessions. We can conclude that there was an alternating horizontal distribution of training loads within the competitive micro-cycle in women's football, although the order was not the usual one for tactical periodization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aratz Olaizola
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Ibai Errekagorri
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Society, Sports and Physical Exercise Research Group (GIKAFIT), Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Karmele Lopez-de-Ipina
- Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge 01223, UK
- Department of Computers’ Arquitecture and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo M. Lardizabal, 1, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Pilar María Calvo
- Department of Computers’ Arquitecture and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo M. Lardizabal, 1, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Julen Castellano
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Society, Sports and Physical Exercise Research Group (GIKAFIT), Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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Marqués-Jiménez D, Sampaio J, Calleja-González J, Echeazarra I. How different are soccer training sessions based on small-sided games? A cluster analysis to explore perceived exertion and training load. ACTA GYMNICA 2022. [DOI: 10.5507/ag.2022.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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