1
|
Zhu Y, Chen X, Lu Y, Fan S, Yang Y, Chen Q, Huang Q, Xia L, Wei Y, Zheng J, Liu X. Diphenyleneiodonium enhances P2X7 dependent non-opsonized phagocytosis and suppresses inflammasome activation via blocking CX43-mediated ATP leakage. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105470. [PMID: 33529751 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of antioxidants against oxidative stress have been well described. However, the pharmacological impacts of antioxidants other than inhibiting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) remain less understood. This study demonstrated that diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), a canonical NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) inhibitor, effectively promoted non-opsonized bacterial phagocytosis. Indeed, DPI abrogated the elevation in the extracellular ATP level of Escherichia coli (E. coli) -infected murine peritoneal macrophages, thereby restoring the association of the purinergic receptor P2X7 with non-muscle myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) to upregulate the P2X7 -dependent phagocytosis of E. coli. DPI also suppressed inflammasome activation and reduced necroptosis in E. coli-infected macrophages by decreasing extracellular ATP levels. Mechanistically, DPI upregulated p38 MAPK phosphorylation to suppress the expression and activity of the hemichannel protein connexin 43 (CX43), leading to the inhibition of CX43-mediated ATP efflux in E. coli-infected macrophages. In a murine E. coli infection model, DPI effectively reduced ATP release, decreased bacterial load and inhibited inflammasome activation, thereby improving survival and ameliorating organ injuries in model mice. In summary, our study demonstrates a previously unknown function of DPI in conferring protection against bacterial infection and suggests a putative antimicrobial strategy of modulating CX43 -dependent ATP leakage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Zhu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yongling Lu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shijun Fan
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yongjun Yang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qianying Huang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lin Xia
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kollau A, Opelt M, Wölkart G, Gorren ACF, Russwurm M, Koesling D, Mayer B, Schrammel A. Irreversible Activation and Stabilization of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase by the Protoporphyrin IX Mimetic Cinaciguat. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 93:73-78. [PMID: 29138269 PMCID: PMC5916872 DOI: 10.1124/mol.117.109918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Belonging to the class of so-called soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) activators, cinaciguat and BAY 60-2770 are interesting therapeutic tools for the treatment of various cardiovascular pathologies. The drugs are supposed to preferentially stimulate oxidized or heme-depleted, but not native sGC. Since this concept has been challenged by studies demonstrating complete relaxation of nondiseased vessels, this study was designed to reinvestigate the mode of action in greater detail. To this purpose, the effect of cinaciguat was studied on vessel tone of porcine coronary arteries and rat thoracic aortas. Organ bath studies showed that the compound caused time- and concentration-dependent relaxation of precontracted vessels with a maximal effect observed at 90 minutes. The dilatory response was not affected by extensive washout of the drug. Cinaciguat-induced vasodilation was associated with a time- and concentration-dependent increase of cGMP levels. Experiments with purified sGC in the presence of Tween 20 showed that cinaciguat activates the heme-free enzyme in a concentration-dependent manner with an EC50 value of ~0.2 μM and maximal cGMP formation at 10 μM. By contrast, the effect of cinaciguat on 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo-[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one–oxidized (ferric) sGC was moderate, reaching ~10%–15% of maximal activity. Dilution experiments of cinaciguat/Tween 20–preincubated sGC revealed the irreversible character of the drug. Assuming a sensitive balance between heme-free, ferric, and nitric oxide–sensitive ferrous sGC in cells and tissues, we propose that cinaciguat by virtue of its irreversible mode of action is capable of shifting this equilibrium toward the heme-free apo-sGC species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kollau
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria (A.K., M.O., G.W., A.C.F.G., B.M., A.S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R., D.K.)
| | - Marissa Opelt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria (A.K., M.O., G.W., A.C.F.G., B.M., A.S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R., D.K.)
| | - Gerald Wölkart
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria (A.K., M.O., G.W., A.C.F.G., B.M., A.S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R., D.K.)
| | - Antonius C F Gorren
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria (A.K., M.O., G.W., A.C.F.G., B.M., A.S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R., D.K.)
| | - Michael Russwurm
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria (A.K., M.O., G.W., A.C.F.G., B.M., A.S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R., D.K.)
| | - Doris Koesling
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria (A.K., M.O., G.W., A.C.F.G., B.M., A.S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R., D.K.)
| | - Bernd Mayer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria (A.K., M.O., G.W., A.C.F.G., B.M., A.S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R., D.K.)
| | - Astrid Schrammel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria (A.K., M.O., G.W., A.C.F.G., B.M., A.S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R., D.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Neubauer R, Wölkart G, Opelt M, Schwarzenegger C, Hofinger M, Neubauer A, Kollau A, Schmidt K, Schrammel A, Mayer B. Aldehyde dehydrogenase-independent bioactivation of nitroglycerin in porcine and bovine blood vessels. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 93:440-8. [PMID: 25576686 PMCID: PMC4321882 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The vascular bioactivation of the antianginal drug nitroglycerin (GTN), yielding 1,2-glycerol dinitrate and nitric oxide or a related activator of soluble guanylate cyclase, is catalyzed by aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) in rodent and human blood vessels. The essential role of ALDH2 has been confirmed in many studies and is considered as general principle of GTN-induced vasodilation in mammals. However, this view is challenged by an early report showing that diphenyleneiodonium, which we recently characterized as potent ALDH2 inhibitor, has no effect on GTN-induced relaxation of bovine coronary arteries (De La Lande et al., 1996). We investigated this issue and found that inhibition of ALDH2 attenuates GTN-induced coronary vasodilation in isolated perfused rat hearts but has no effect on relaxation to GTN of bovine and porcine coronary arteries. This observation is explained by low levels of ALDH2 protein expression in bovine coronary arteries and several types of porcine blood vessels. ALDH2 mRNA expression and the rates of GTN denitration were similarly low, excluding a significant contribution of ALDH2 to the bioactivation of GTN in these vessels. Attempts to identify the responsible pathway with enzyme inhibitors did not provide conclusive evidence for the involvement of ALDH3A1, cytochrome P450, or GSH-S-transferase. Thus, the present manuscript describes a hitherto unrecognized pathway of GTN bioactivation in bovine and porcine blood vessels. If present in the human vasculature, this pathway might contribute to the therapeutic effects of organic nitrates that are not metabolized by ALDH2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regina Neubauer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald Wölkart
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Austria
| | - Marissa Opelt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Austria
| | | | - Marielies Hofinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Neubauer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Kollau
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Austria
| | - Kurt Schmidt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Austria
| | - Astrid Schrammel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Mayer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pauwels B, Boydens C, Decaluwé K, Van de Voorde J. NO-donating oximes relax corpora cavernosa through mechanisms other than those involved in arterial relaxation. J Sex Med 2014; 11:1664-74. [PMID: 24842569 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Erectile dysfunction (ED), as well as many cardiovascular diseases, is associated with impaired nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Recently, oxime derivatives have emerged as vasodilators due to their NO-donating capacities. However, whether these oximes offer therapeutic perspectives as an alternative NO delivery strategy for the treatment of ED is unexplored. AIMS This study aims to analyze the influence of formaldoxime (FAL), formamidoxime (FAM), and cinnamaldoxime (CAOx) on corporal tension and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Organ bath studies were carried out measuring isometric tension on isolated mice corpora cavernosa (CC), thoracic aorta, and femoral artery. After contraction with norepinephrine (NOR), cumulative concentration-response curves of FAL, FAM, and CAOx (100 nmol/L-1 mmol/L) were performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES FAL-/FAM-induced relaxations were evaluated in the absence/presence of various inhibitors of different molecular pathways. RESULTS FAL, FAM, and CAOx relax isolated CC as well as aorta and femoral artery from mice. ODQ (soluble guanylyl cyclase-inhibitor), diphenyliodonium chloride (nonselective flavoprotein inhibitor), and 7-ethoxyresorufin (inhibitor of CYP450 1A1 and NADPH-dependent reductases) substantially blocked the FAL-/FAM-induced relaxation in the arteries but not in CC. Only a small inhibition of the FAM response in CC was observed with ODQ. CONCLUSIONS This study shows for the first time that NO-donating oximes relax mice CC. Therefore, oximes are a new group of molecules with potential for the treatment of ED. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of the FAL-/FAM-induced corporal relaxation clearly differ(s) from the one(s) involved in arterial vasorelaxation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bart Pauwels
- Department of Pharmacology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nalepa G, Clapp DW. Fanconi anemia and the cell cycle: new perspectives on aneuploidy. F1000PRIME REPORTS 2014; 6:23. [PMID: 24765528 PMCID: PMC3974572 DOI: 10.12703/p6-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a complex heterogenic disorder of genomic instability, bone marrow failure, cancer predisposition, and congenital malformations. The FA signaling network orchestrates the DNA damage recognition and repair in interphase as well as proper execution of mitosis. Loss of FA signaling causes chromosome instability by weakening the spindle assembly checkpoint, disrupting centrosome maintenance, disturbing resolution of ultrafine anaphase bridges, and dysregulating cytokinesis. Thus, the FA genes function as guardians of genome stability throughout the cell cycle. This review discusses recent advances in diagnosis and clinical management of Fanconi anemia and presents the new insights into the origins of genomic instability in FA. These new discoveries may facilitate the development of rational therapeutic strategies for FA and for FA-deficient malignancies in the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Nalepa
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children705 Riley Hospital Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children705 Riley Hospital Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Wells Center for Pediatric Research1044 W. Walnut Street, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202USA
| | - D. Wade Clapp
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children705 Riley Hospital Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Wells Center for Pediatric Research1044 W. Walnut Street, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wells Center for Pediatric Research1044 W. Walnut Street, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wells Center for Pediatric Research1044 W. Walnut Street, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202USA
| |
Collapse
|