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Safe S. Specificity Proteins (Sp) and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5164. [PMID: 36982239 PMCID: PMC10048989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The specificity protein (Sp) transcription factors (TFs) Sp1, Sp2, Sp3 and Sp4 exhibit structural and functional similarities in cancer cells and extensive studies of Sp1 show that it is a negative prognostic factor for patients with multiple tumor types. In this review, the role of Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4 in the development of cancer and their regulation of pro-oncogenic factors and pathways is reviewed. In addition, interactions with non-coding RNAs and the development of agents that target Sp transcription factors are also discussed. Studies on normal cell transformation into cancer cell lines show that this transformation process is accompanied by increased levels of Sp1 in most cell models, and in the transformation of muscle cells into rhabdomyosarcoma, both Sp1 and Sp3, but not Sp4, are increased. The pro-oncogenic functions of Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4 in cancer cell lines were studied in knockdown studies where silencing of each individual Sp TF decreased cancer growth, invasion and induced apoptosis. Silencing of an individual Sp TF was not compensated for by the other two and it was concluded that Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4 are examples of non-oncogene addicted genes. This conclusion was strengthened by the results of Sp TF interactions with non-coding microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs where Sp1 contributed to pro-oncogenic functions of Sp/non-coding RNAs. There are now many examples of anticancer agents and pharmaceuticals that induce downregulation/degradation of Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4, yet clinical applications of drugs specifically targeting Sp TFs are not being used. The application of agents targeting Sp TFs in combination therapies should be considered for their potential to enhance treatment efficacy and decrease toxic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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2
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Caspase-Mediated Cleavage of the Transcription Factor Sp3: Possible Relevance to Cancer and the Lytic Cycle of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0146421. [PMID: 35019687 PMCID: PMC8754129 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01464-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The open reading frame 50 (ORF50) protein of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the master regulator essential for initiating the viral lytic cycle. Previously, we have demonstrated that the ORF50 protein can cooperate with Sp3 to synergistically activate a set of viral and cellular gene promoters through highly conserved ORF50-responsive elements that harbor a Sp3-binding motif. Herein, we show that Sp3 undergoes proteolytic cleavage during the viral lytic cycle, and the cleavage of Sp3 is dependent on caspase activation. Since similar cleavage patterns of Sp3 could be detected in both KSHV-positive and KSHV-negative lymphoma cells undergoing apoptosis, the proteolytic cleavage of Sp3 could be a common event during apoptosis. Mutational analysis identifies 12 caspase cleavage sites in Sp3, which are situated at the aspartate (D) positions D17, D19, D180, D273, D275, D293, D304 (or D307), D326, D344, D530, D543, and D565. Importantly, we noticed that three stable Sp3 C-terminal fragments generated through cleavage at D530, D543, or D565 encompass an intact DNA-binding domain. Like the full-length Sp3, the C-terminal fragments of Sp3 could still retain the ability to cooperate with ORF50 protein to activate specific viral and cellular gene promoters synergistically. Collectively, our findings suggest that despite the proteolytic cleavage of Sp3 under apoptotic conditions, the resultant Sp3 fragments may retain biological activities important for the viral lytic cycle or for cellular apoptosis. IMPORTANCE The ORF50 protein of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the key viral protein that controls the switch from latency to lytic reactivation. It is a potent transactivator that can activate target gene promoters via interacting with other cellular DNA-binding transcription factors, such as Sp3. In this report, we show that Sp3 is proteolytically cleaved during the viral lytic cycle, and up to 12 caspase cleavage sites are identified in Sp3. Despite the proteolytic cleavage of Sp3, several resulting C-terminal fragments that have intact zinc-finger DNA-binding domains still retain substantial influence in the synergy with ORF50 to activate specific gene promoters. Overall, our studies elucidate the caspase-mediated cleavage of Sp3 and uncover how ORF50 utilizes the cleavage fragments of Sp3 to transactivate specific viral and cellular gene promoters.
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Ghosal S, Banerjee S. In silico bioinformatics analysis for identification of differentially expressed genes and therapeutic drug molecules in Glucocorticoid-resistant Multiple myeloma. Med Oncol 2022; 39:53. [PMID: 35150335 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01651-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM), second most common hematological malignancy, still remains irremediable because of acquisition of drug resistance. Glucocorticoid (GC) therapy, which is used as one of the key therapies against MM, is hindered by the incidence of GC resistance. The underlying mechanism of this acquired GC resistance in MM is not fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study was aimed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), associated micro RNAs (miRNAs), and transcription factors (TFs) from the microarray datasets of GC-resistant and GC-sensitive MM cell lines, obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. DEGs were identified using GEO2R tool from two datasets and common DEGs were obtained by constructing Venn diagram. Then the Gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis were performed using DAVID database. Genetic alterations in DEGs were examined using COSMIC database. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was constructed using STRING database and Cytoscape tool. Network of interaction of DEGs and miRNAs as well as TFs were obtained and constructed using mirDIP, TRRUST, and miRNet tools. Drug gene interaction was studied to identify potential drug molecules by DGIdb tool. Six common DEGs, CDKN1A, CDKN2A, NLRP11, BTK, CD52, and RELN, were found to be significantly upregulated in GC-resistant MM and selected for further analysis. miRNA analysis detected hsa-mir-34a-5p that could interact with maximum target DEGs. Two TFs, Sp1 and Sp3, were found to regulate the expression of selected DEGs. The entire study may provide a new understanding about the GC resistance in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Ghosal
- School of Biological Sciences, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute (RKMVERI), Narendrapur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
| | - Subrata Banerjee
- School of Biological Sciences, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute (RKMVERI), Narendrapur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Aksenova AY, Zhuk AS, Lada AG, Zotova IV, Stepchenkova EI, Kostroma II, Gritsaev SV, Pavlov YI. Genome Instability in Multiple Myeloma: Facts and Factors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5949. [PMID: 34885058 PMCID: PMC8656811 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant neoplasm of terminally differentiated immunoglobulin-producing B lymphocytes called plasma cells. MM is the second most common hematologic malignancy, and it poses a heavy economic and social burden because it remains incurable and confers a profound disability to patients. Despite current progress in MM treatment, the disease invariably recurs, even after the transplantation of autologous hematopoietic stem cells (ASCT). Biological processes leading to a pathological myeloma clone and the mechanisms of further evolution of the disease are far from complete understanding. Genetically, MM is a complex disease that demonstrates a high level of heterogeneity. Myeloma genomes carry numerous genetic changes, including structural genome variations and chromosomal gains and losses, and these changes occur in combinations with point mutations affecting various cellular pathways, including genome maintenance. MM genome instability in its extreme is manifested in mutation kataegis and complex genomic rearrangements: chromothripsis, templated insertions, and chromoplexy. Chemotherapeutic agents used to treat MM add another level of complexity because many of them exacerbate genome instability. Genome abnormalities are driver events and deciphering their mechanisms will help understand the causes of MM and play a pivotal role in developing new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Y. Aksenova
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna S. Zhuk
- International Laboratory “Computer Technologies”, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Artem G. Lada
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Irina V. Zotova
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (I.V.Z.); (E.I.S.)
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena I. Stepchenkova
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (I.V.Z.); (E.I.S.)
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ivan I. Kostroma
- Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia; (I.I.K.); (S.V.G.)
| | - Sergey V. Gritsaev
- Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia; (I.I.K.); (S.V.G.)
| | - Youri I. Pavlov
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Microbiology and Pathology, Genetics Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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5
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Zarei M, Shrestha R, Johnson S, Yu Z, Karki K, Vaziri-Gohar A, Epps J, Du H, Suva L, Zarei M, Safe S. Nuclear Receptor 4A2 (NR4A2/NURR1) Regulates Autophagy and Chemoresistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 1:65-78. [PMID: 35582016 PMCID: PMC9109828 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-21-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer with poor prognosis and chemotherapy with gemcitabine has limited effects and is associated with development of drug resistance. Treatment of Panc1 and MiaPaca2 pancreatic cancer cells with gemcitabine induced expression of the orphan nuclear receptor 4A2 (NURR1) and analysis of the cancer genome atlas indicated the NURR1 is overexpressed in pancreatic tumors and is a negative prognostic factor for patient survival. Results of NURR1 knockdown or treatment with the NURR1 antagonist 1,1-bis(3΄-indolyl)-1-(p-chlorophenyl)methane (C-DIM 12) demonstrated that NURR1 was pro-oncogenic in pancreatic cancer cells and regulated cancer cell and tumor growth and survival. NURR1 is induced by gemcitabine and serves as a key drug-resistance factor and is also required for gemcitabine-induced cytoprotective autophagy. NURR1 regulated genes were determined by RNA sequencing of mRNAs expressed in MiaPaCa2 cells expressing NURR1 and in CRISPR/Cas9 gene edited cells for NURR1 knockdown and KEGG enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes showed that autophagy was the major pathway regulated by NURR1. Moreover, NURR1 regulated expression of two major autophagic genes ATG7 and ATG12 which are also overexpressed in pancreatic tumors and like NURR1 are negative prognostic factors for patient survival. Thus, gemcitabine-induced cytoprotective autophagy is due to the NURR1 - ATG7/ATG12 axis and this can be targeted and disrupted by NURR1 antagonist C-DIM12 demonstrating the potential clinical applications for combination therapies with gemcitabine and NURR1 antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Zarei
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals; Case Western University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Rupesh Shrestha
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Sneha Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Zuhua Yu
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
- Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province, China, P.R
| | - Keshav Karki
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Ali Vaziri-Gohar
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals; Case Western University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Jessica Epps
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Heng Du
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Larry Suva
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Mahsa Zarei
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
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Chen N, Zheng Q, Wan G, Guo F, Zeng X, Shi P. Impact of posttranslational modifications in pancreatic carcinogenesis and treatments. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:739-759. [PMID: 34342796 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-09980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly aggressive cancer, with a 9% 5-year survival rate and a high risk of recurrence. In part, this is because PC is composed of heterogeneous subgroups with different biological and functional characteristics and personalized anticancer treatments are required. Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) play an important role in modifying protein functions/roles and are required for the maintenance of cell viability and biological processes; thus, their dysregulation can lead to disease. Different types of PTMs increase the functional diversity of the proteome, which subsequently influences most aspects of normal cell biology or pathogenesis. This review primarily focuses on ubiquitination, SUMOylation, and NEDDylation, as well as the current understanding of their roles and molecular mechanisms in pancreatic carcinogenesis. Additionally, we briefly summarize studies and clinical trials on PC treatments to advance our knowledge of drugs available to target the ubiquitination, SUMOylation, and NEDDylation PTM types. Further investigation of PTMs could be a critical field of study in relation to PC, as they have been implicated in the initiation and progression of many other types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianhong Chen
- Center Lab of Longhua Branch and Department of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2Nd Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Medicine School, Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518037, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Cell Biology & University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Qiaoqiao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqing Wan
- Center Lab of Longhua Branch and Department of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2Nd Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Medicine School, Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518037, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xiaobin Zeng
- Center Lab of Longhua Branch and Department of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2Nd Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Medicine School, Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
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7
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HCMV-Mediated Interference of Bortezomib-Induced Apoptosis in Colon Carcinoma Cell Line Caco-2. Viruses 2021; 13:v13010083. [PMID: 33435377 PMCID: PMC7827311 DOI: 10.3390/v13010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has been implicated in the development of human malignancies, for instance in colon cancer. Proteasome inhibitors were developed for cancer therapy and have also been shown to influence HCMV infection. The aim of this study was to investigate if proteasome inhibitors have therapeutic potential for colon carcinoma and how this is influenced by HCMV infection. We show by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry that the colon carcinoma cell line Caco-2 is susceptible to HCMV infection. Growth curve analysis as well as protein expression kinetics and quantitative genome analysis further confirm these results. HCMV has an anti-apoptotic effect on Caco-2 cells by inhibiting very early events of the apoptosis cascade. Further investigations showed that HCMV stabilizes the membrane potential of the mitochondria, which is typically lost very early during apoptosis. This stabilization is resistant to proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib treatment, allowing HCMV-infected cells to survive apoptotic signals. Our findings indicate a possible role of proteasome inhibitors in colon carcinoma therapy.
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Briest F, Koziolek EJ, Albrecht J, Schmidt F, Bernsen MR, Haeck J, Kühl AA, Sedding D, Hartung T, Exner S, Welzel M, Fischer C, Grötzinger C, Brenner W, Baum RP, Grabowski P. Does the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib sensitize to DNA-damaging therapy in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms? - A preclinical assessment in vitro and in vivo. Neoplasia 2020; 23:80-98. [PMID: 33246310 PMCID: PMC7701025 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms are rare tumors with a slow proliferation. They are virtually resistant to many DNA-damaging therapeutic approaches, such as chemo- and external beam therapy, which might be overcome by DNA damage inhibition induced by proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we assessed several combined treatment modalities in vitro and in vivo. By cell-based functional analyses, in a 3D in ovo and an orthotopic mouse model, we demonstrated sensitizing effects of bortezomib combined with cisplatin, radiation and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). By gene expression profiling and western blot, we explored the underlying mechanisms, which resulted in an impaired DNA damage repair. Therapy-induced DNA damage triggered extrinsic proapoptotic signaling as well as the induction of cell cycle arrest, leading to a decreased vital tumor volume and altered tissue composition shown by magnetic resonance imaging and F-18-FDG-PET in vivo, however with no significant additional benefit related to PRRT alone. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that bortezomib has short-term sensitizing effects when combined with DNA damaging therapy by interfering with DNA repair in vitro and in ovo. Nevertheless, due to high tumor heterogeneity after PRRT in long-term observations, we were not able to prove a therapeutic advantage of bortezomib-combined PRRT in an in vivo mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Briest
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität (FU) Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Eva J Koziolek
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jakob Albrecht
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin Germany
| | - Fränze Schmidt
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - Joost Haeck
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anja A Kühl
- iPATH.Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin
| | - Dagmar Sedding
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universität (HU) Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Teresa Hartung
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Samantha Exner
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Molecular Cancer Research Center, Tumor Targeting Laboratory, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Welzel
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Fischer
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Grötzinger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany; Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Molecular Cancer Research Center, Tumor Targeting Laboratory, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Winfried Brenner
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin Germany; Berlin Experimental Radionuclide Imaging Center (BERIC), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard P Baum
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zentralklinik Bad Berka GmbH, Bad Berka, Germany; CURANOSTICUM Wiesbaden-Frankfurt, DKD Helios Clinic, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Patricia Grabowski
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Zentralklinik Bad Berka GmbH, Bad Berka, Germany; Department of Medical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Rausch JL, Ali AA, Lee DM, Gebreyohannes YK, Mehalek KR, Agha A, Patil SS, Tolstov Y, Wellens J, Dhillon HS, Makielski KR, Debiec-Rychter M, Schöffski P, Wozniak A, Duensing A. Differential antitumor activity of compounds targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome machinery in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5178. [PMID: 32198455 PMCID: PMC7083865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are driven by oncogenic KIT signaling and can therefore be effectively treated with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib mesylate. However, most GISTs develop imatinib resistance through secondary KIT mutations. The type of resistance mutation determines sensitivity to approved second-/third-line TKIs but shows high inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity. Therefore, therapeutic strategies that target KIT independently of the mutational status are intriguing. Inhibiting the ubiquitin-proteasome machinery with bortezomib is effective in GIST cells through a dual mechanism of KIT transcriptional downregulation and upregulation of the pro-apoptotic histone H2AX but clinically problematic due to the drug’s adverse effects. We therefore tested second-generation inhibitors of the 20S proteasome (delanzomib, carfilzomib and ixazomib) with better pharmacologic profiles as well as compounds targeting regulators of ubiquitination (b-AP15, MLN4924) for their effectiveness and mechanism of action in GIST. All three 20S proteasome inhibitors were highly effective in vitro and in vivo, including in imatinib-resistant models. In contrast, b-AP15 and MLN4924 were only effective at high concentrations or had mostly cytostatic effects, respectively. Our results confirm 20S proteasome inhibitors as promising strategy to overcome TKI resistance in GIST, while highlighting the complexity of the ubiquitin-proteasome machinery as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Rausch
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Areej A Ali
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Donna M Lee
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yemarshet K Gebreyohannes
- Departments of Oncology and General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Keith R Mehalek
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aya Agha
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sneha S Patil
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yanis Tolstov
- Molecular Urooncology, University of Heidelberg School of Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jasmien Wellens
- Departments of Oncology and General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Harbir S Dhillon
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Maria Debiec-Rychter
- Department of Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Schöffski
- Departments of Oncology and General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Agnieszka Wozniak
- Departments of Oncology and General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anette Duensing
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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10
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Li S, Vallet S, Sacco A, Roccaro A, Lentzsch S, Podar K. Targeting transcription factors in multiple myeloma: evolving therapeutic strategies. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:445-462. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1605354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Li
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sonia Vallet
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Antonio Sacco
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Aldo Roccaro
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Suzanne Lentzsch
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Klaus Podar
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
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