1
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Giannopoulou PC, Missiri DA, Kournoutou GG, Sazakli E, Papadopoulos GE, Papaioannou D, Dinos GP, Athanassopoulos CM, Kalpaxis DL. New Chloramphenicol Derivatives from the Viewpoint of Anticancer and Antimicrobial Activity. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8010009. [PMID: 30699905 PMCID: PMC6466596 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last years, we have been focused on chloramphenicol conjugates that combine in their structure chloramphenicol base with natural polyamines, spermine, spermidine and putrescine, and their modifications. Conjugate 3, with spermidine (SPD) as a natural polyamine linked to chloramphenicol base, showed the best antibacterial and anticancer properties. Using 3 as a prototype, we here explored the influence of the antibacterial and anticancer activity of additional benzyl groups on N1 amino moiety together with modifications of the alkyl length of the aminobutyl fragment of SPD. Our data demonstrate that the novel modifications did not further improve the antibacterial activity of the prototype. However, one of the novel conjugates (4) showed anticancer activity without affecting bacterial growth, thus emerging as a promising anticancer agent, with no adverse effects on bacterial microflora when taken orally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dionissia A Missiri
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Georgia G Kournoutou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Eleni Sazakli
- Laboratory of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Georgios E Papadopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, GR-41500 Larissa, Greece.
| | - Dionissios Papaioannou
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - George P Dinos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | | | - Dimitrios L Kalpaxis
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
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2
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Tereshchenkov AG, Dobosz-Bartoszek M, Osterman IA, Marks J, Sergeeva VA, Kasatsky P, Komarova ES, Stavrianidi AN, Rodin IA, Konevega AL, Sergiev PV, Sumbatyan NV, Mankin AS, Bogdanov AA, Polikanov YS. Binding and Action of Amino Acid Analogs of Chloramphenicol upon the Bacterial Ribosome. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:842-852. [PMID: 29410130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic chloramphenicol (CHL) binds with a moderate affinity at the peptidyl transferase center of the bacterial ribosome and inhibits peptide bond formation. As an approach for modifying and potentially improving properties of this inhibitor, we explored ribosome binding and inhibitory activity of a number of amino acid analogs of CHL. The L-histidyl analog binds to the ribosome with the affinity exceeding that of CHL by 10 fold. Several of the newly synthesized analogs were able to inhibit protein synthesis and exhibited the mode of action that was distinct from the action of CHL. However, the inhibitory properties of the semi-synthetic CHL analogs did not correlate with their affinity and in general, the amino acid analogs of CHL were less active inhibitors of translation in comparison with the original antibiotic. The X-ray crystal structures of the Thermus thermophilus 70S ribosome in complex with three semi-synthetic analogs showed that CHL derivatives bind at the peptidyl transferase center, where the aminoacyl moiety of the tested compounds established idiosyncratic interactions with rRNA. Although still fairly inefficient inhibitors of translation, the synthesized compounds represent promising chemical scaffolds that target the peptidyl transferase center of the ribosome and potentially are suitable for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey G Tereshchenkov
- Department of Chemistry and A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | | | - Ilya A Osterman
- Department of Chemistry and A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia; Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow region 143025, Russia
| | - James Marks
- Center for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Vasilina A Sergeeva
- Department of Chemistry and A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Pavel Kasatsky
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Gatchina 188300, Russia
| | - Ekaterina S Komarova
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow region 143025, Russia; Department of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Andrey N Stavrianidi
- Department of Chemistry and A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Igor A Rodin
- Department of Chemistry and A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Andrey L Konevega
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Gatchina 188300, Russia; Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - Petr V Sergiev
- Department of Chemistry and A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia; Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow region 143025, Russia
| | - Natalia V Sumbatyan
- Department of Chemistry and A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Alexander S Mankin
- Center for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Alexey A Bogdanov
- Department of Chemistry and A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia.
| | - Yury S Polikanov
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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3
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Bougas A, Vlachogiannis IA, Gatos D, Arenz S, Dinos GP. Dual effect of chloramphenicol peptides on ribosome inhibition. Amino Acids 2017; 49:995-1004. [PMID: 28283906 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2406-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chloramphenicol peptides were recently established as useful tools for probing nascent polypeptide chain interaction with the ribosome, either biochemically, or structurally. Here, we present a new 10mer chloramphenicol peptide, which exerts a dual inhibition effect on the ribosome function affecting two distinct areas of the ribosome, namely the peptidyl transferase center and the polypeptide exit tunnel. According to our data, the chloramphenicol peptide bound on the chloramphenicol binding site inhibits the formation of both acetyl-phenylalanine-puromycin and acetyl-lysine-puromycin, showing, however, a decreased peptidyl transferase inhibition compared to chloramphenicol-mediated inhibition per se. Additionally, we found that the same compound is a strong inhibitor of green fluorescent protein synthesis in a coupled in vitro transcription-translation assay as well as a potent inhibitor of lysine polymerization in a poly(A)-programmed ribosome, showing that an additional inhibitory effect may exist. Since chemical protection data supported the interaction of the antibiotic with bases A2058 and A2059 near the entrance of the tunnel, we concluded that the extra inhibition effect on the synthesis of longer peptides is coming from interactions of the peptide moiety of the drug with residues comprising the ribosomal tunnel, and by filling up the tunnel and blocking nascent chain progression through the restricted tunnel. Therefore, the dual interaction of the chloramphenicol peptide with the ribosome increases its inhibitory effect and opens a new window for improving the antimicrobial potency of classical antibiotics or designing new ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Bougas
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Gatos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stefan Arenz
- Gene Center and Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Feodor- Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - George P Dinos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece.
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4
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Dinos GP, Athanassopoulos CM, Missiri DA, Giannopoulou PC, Vlachogiannis IA, Papadopoulos GE, Papaioannou D, Kalpaxis DL. Chloramphenicol Derivatives as Antibacterial and Anticancer Agents: Historic Problems and Current Solutions. Antibiotics (Basel) 2016; 5:antibiotics5020020. [PMID: 27271676 PMCID: PMC4929435 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics5020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloramphenicol (CAM) is the D-threo isomer of a small molecule, consisting of a p-nitrobenzene ring connected to a dichloroacetyl tail through a 2-amino-1,3-propanediol moiety. CAM displays a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic activity by specifically inhibiting the bacterial protein synthesis. In certain but important cases, it also exhibits bactericidal activity, namely against the three most common causes of meningitis, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis. Resistance to CAM has been frequently reported and ascribed to a variety of mechanisms. However, the most important concerns that limit its clinical utility relate to side effects such as neurotoxicity and hematologic disorders. In this review, we present previous and current efforts to synthesize CAM derivatives with improved pharmacological properties. In addition, we highlight potentially broader roles of these derivatives in investigating the plasticity of the ribosomal catalytic center, the main target of CAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- George P Dinos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | | | - Dionissia A Missiri
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | | | - Ioannis A Vlachogiannis
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Georgios E Papadopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Ploutonos 26, GR-41221 Larissa, Greece.
| | - Dionissios Papaioannou
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios L Kalpaxis
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
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5
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Kostopoulou ON, Kouvela EC, Magoulas GE, Garnelis T, Panagoulias I, Rodi M, Papadopoulos G, Mouzaki A, Dinos GP, Papaioannou D, Kalpaxis DL. Conjugation with polyamines enhances the antibacterial and anticancer activity of chloramphenicol. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:8621-34. [PMID: 24939899 PMCID: PMC4117768 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chloramphenicol (CAM) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, limited to occasional only use in developed countries because of its potential toxicity. To explore the influence of polyamines on the uptake and activity of CAM into cells, a series of polyamine–CAM conjugates were synthesized. Both polyamine architecture and the position of CAM-scaffold substitution were crucial in augmenting the antibacterial and anticancer potency of the synthesized conjugates. Compounds 4 and 5, prepared by replacement of dichloro-acetyl group of CAM with succinic acid attached to N4 and N1 positions of N8,N8-dibenzylspermidine, respectively, exhibited higher activity than CAM in inhibiting the puromycin reaction in a bacterial cell-free system. Kinetic and footprinting analysis revealed that whereas the CAM-scaffold preserved its role in competing with the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA 3′-terminus to ribosomal A-site, the polyamine-tail could interfere with the rotatory motion of aminoacyl-tRNA 3′-terminus toward the P-site. Compared to CAM, compounds 4 and 5 exhibited comparable or improved antibacterial activity, particularly against CAM-resistant strains. Compound 4 also possessed enhanced toxicity against human cancer cells, and lower toxicity against healthy human cells. Thus, the designed conjugates proved to be suitable tools in investigating the ribosomal catalytic center plasticity and some of them exhibited greater efficacy than CAM itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourania N Kostopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Ekaterini C Kouvela
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - George E Magoulas
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Thomas Garnelis
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Ioannis Panagoulias
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Maria Rodi
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Georgios Papadopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Ploutonos 26, GR-41221 Larissa, Greece
| | - Athanasia Mouzaki
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - George P Dinos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Dionissios Papaioannou
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitrios L Kalpaxis
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
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6
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On the use of the antibiotic chloramphenicol to target polypeptide chain mimics to the ribosomal exit tunnel. Biochimie 2013; 95:1765-72. [PMID: 23770443 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The ribosomal exit tunnel had recently become the centre of many functional and structural studies. Accumulated evidence indicates that the tunnel is not simply a passive conduit for the nascent chain, but a rather functionally important compartment where nascent peptide sequences can interact with the ribosome to signal translation to slow down or even stop. To explore further this interaction, we have synthesized short peptides attached to the amino group of a chloramphenicol (CAM) base, such that when bound to the ribosome these compounds mimic a nascent peptidyl-tRNA chain bound to the A-site of the peptidyltransferase center (PTC). Here we show that these CAM-peptides interact with the PTC of the ribosome while their effectiveness can be modulated by the sequence of the peptide, suggesting a direct interaction of the peptide with the ribosomal tunnel. Indeed, chemical footprinting in the presence of CAM-P2, one of the tested CAM-peptides, reveals protection of 23S rRNA nucleotides located deep within the tunnel, indicating a potential interaction with specific components of the ribosomal tunnel. Collectively, our findings suggest that the CAM-based peptide derivatives will be useful tools for targeting polypeptide chain mimics to the ribosomal tunnel, allowing their conformation and interaction with the ribosomal tunnel to be explored using further biochemical and structural methods.
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7
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Xaplanteri MA, Andreou A, Dinos GP, Kalpaxis DL. Effect of polyamines on the inhibition of peptidyltransferase by antibiotics: revisiting the mechanism of chloramphenicol action. Nucleic Acids Res 2003; 31:5074-83. [PMID: 12930958 PMCID: PMC212793 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkg686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloramphenicol is thought to interfere competitively with the binding of the aminoacyl-tRNA 3'-terminus to ribosomal A-site. However, noncompetitive or mixed-noncompetitive inhibition, often observed to be dependent on chloramphenicol concentration and ionic conditions, leaves some doubt about the precise mode of action. Here, we examine further the inhibition effect of chloramphenicol, using a model system derived from Escherichia coli in which a peptide bond is formed between puromycin and AcPhe-tRNA bound at the P-site of poly(U)-programmed ribosomes, under ionic conditions (6 mM Mg2+, 100 mM NH4+, 100 microM spermine) more closely resembling the physiological status. Kinetics reveal that chloramphenicol (I) reacts rapidly with AcPhe-tRNA.poly(U).70S ribosomal complex (C) to form the encounter complex CI which is then isomerized slowly to a more tight complex, C*I. A similar inhibition pattern is observed, if complex C modified by a photoreactive analogue of spermine, reacts in buffer free of spermine. Spermine, either reversibly interacting with or covalently attached to ribosomes, enhances the peptidyltransferase activity and increases the chloramphenicol potency, without affecting the isomerization step. As indicated by photoaffinity labeling, the peptidyltransferase center at which chloramphenicol binds, is one of the preferred cross-linking sites for polyamines. This fact may explain the effect of spermine on chloramphenicol binding to ribosomes.
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MESH Headings
- Anti-Bacterial Agents/metabolism
- Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology
- Azides/metabolism
- Azides/pharmacology
- Base Sequence
- Binding Sites
- Binding, Competitive/drug effects
- Chloramphenicol/metabolism
- Chloramphenicol/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Escherichia coli/genetics
- Escherichia coli/metabolism
- Kinetics
- Magnesium/pharmacology
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Nucleic Acid Conformation
- Peptide Biosynthesis/drug effects
- Peptidyl Transferases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Peptidyl Transferases/metabolism
- Polyamines/metabolism
- Polyamines/pharmacology
- Puromycin/metabolism
- RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/chemistry
- RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/metabolism
- RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl/metabolism
- Ribosomes/metabolism
- Spermine/analogs & derivatives
- Spermine/metabolism
- Spermine/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Xaplanteri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26500 Patras, Greece
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