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Nikolaev KO, Lake SR, Schmidt G, Demokritov SO, Demidov VE. Zero-Field Spin Waves in YIG Nanowaveguides. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8719-8724. [PMID: 37691265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Spin-wave-based transmission and processing of information is a promising emerging nanotechnology that can help overcome limitations of traditional electronics based on the transfer of electrical charge. Among the most important challenges for this technology is the implementation of spin-wave devices that can operate without the need for an external bias magnetic field. Here we experimentally demonstrate that this can be achieved using submicrometer wide spin-wave waveguides fabricated from ultrathin films of a low-loss magnetic insulator, yttrium iron garnet (YIG). We show that these waveguides exhibit a highly stable single-domain static magnetic configuration at zero field and support long-range propagation of spin waves with gigahertz frequencies. The experimental results are supported by micromagnetic simulations, which additionally provide information for the optimization of zero-field guiding structures. Our findings create the basis for the development of energy-efficient zero-field spin-wave devices and circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill O Nikolaev
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Stephanie R Lake
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Georg Schmidt
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Sergej O Demokritov
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Vladislav E Demidov
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
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2
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Szulc K, Tacchi S, Hierro-Rodríguez A, Díaz J, Gruszecki P, Graczyk P, Quirós C, Markó D, Martín JI, Vélez M, Schmool DS, Carlotti G, Krawczyk M, Álvarez-Prado LM. Reconfigurable Magnonic Crystals Based on Imprinted Magnetization Textures in Hard and Soft Dipolar-Coupled Bilayers. ACS NANO 2022; 16:14168-14177. [PMID: 36043881 PMCID: PMC9527808 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Reconfigurable magnetization textures offer control of spin waves with promising properties for future low-power beyond-CMOS systems. However, materials with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) suitable for stable magnetization-texture formation are characterized by high damping, which limits their applicability in magnonic devices. Here, we propose to overcome this limitation by using hybrid structures, i.e., a PMA layer magnetostatically coupled to a low-damping soft ferromagnetic film. We experimentally show that a periodic stripe-domain texture from a PMA layer is imprinted upon the soft layer and induces a nonreciprocal dispersion relation of the spin waves confined to the low-damping film. Moreover, an asymmetric bandgap features the spin-wave band diagram, which is a clear demonstration of collective spin-wave dynamics, a property characteristic for magnonic crystals with broken time-reversal symmetry. The composite character of the hybrid structure allows for stabilization of two magnetic states at remanence, with parallel and antiparallel orientation of net magnetization in hard and soft layers. The states can be switched using a low external magnetic field; therefore, the proposed system obtains an additional functionality of state reconfigurability. This study offers a link between reconfigurable magnetization textures and low-damping spin-wave dynamics, providing an opportunity to create miniaturized, programmable, and energy-efficient signal processing devices operating at high frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Szulc
- Institute
of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
- E-mail:
| | - Silvia Tacchi
- Istituto
Officina dei Materiali del CNR (CNR-IOM), Sede Secondaria di Perugia,
c/o Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università
di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- E-mail:
| | - Aurelio Hierro-Rodríguez
- Departamento
de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico García Lorca no 18, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación en Nanomateriales y Nanotecnología
(CINN), CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo, 33940 El Entrego, Spain
| | - Javier Díaz
- Departamento
de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico García Lorca no 18, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación en Nanomateriales y Nanotecnología
(CINN), CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo, 33940 El Entrego, Spain
| | - Paweł Gruszecki
- Institute
of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Graczyk
- Institute
of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Smoluchowskiego 17, 60-179 Poznań, Poland
| | - Carlos Quirós
- Departamento
de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico García Lorca no 18, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación en Nanomateriales y Nanotecnología
(CINN), CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo, 33940 El Entrego, Spain
| | - Daniel Markó
- Université
Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, GEMaC, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - José Ignacio Martín
- Departamento
de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico García Lorca no 18, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación en Nanomateriales y Nanotecnología
(CINN), CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo, 33940 El Entrego, Spain
| | - María Vélez
- Departamento
de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico García Lorca no 18, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación en Nanomateriales y Nanotecnología
(CINN), CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo, 33940 El Entrego, Spain
| | - David S. Schmool
- Université
Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, GEMaC, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Giovanni Carlotti
- Dipartimento
di Fisica e Geologia, Università
di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maciej Krawczyk
- Institute
of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Luis Manuel Álvarez-Prado
- Departamento
de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Federico García Lorca no 18, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación en Nanomateriales y Nanotecnología
(CINN), CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo, 33940 El Entrego, Spain
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3
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Zhang DL, Zhu J, Qu T, Lattery DM, Victora RH, Wang X, Wang JP. High-frequency magnetoacoustic resonance through strain-spin coupling in perpendicular magnetic multilayers. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/38/eabb4607. [PMID: 32948586 PMCID: PMC7500926 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb4607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
It is desirable to experimentally demonstrate an extremely high resonant frequency, assisted by strain-spin coupling, in technologically important perpendicular magnetic materials for device applications. Here, we directly observe the coupling of magnons and phonons in both time and frequency domains upon femtosecond laser excitation. This strain-spin coupling leads to a magnetoacoustic resonance in perpendicular magnetic [Co/Pd] n multilayers, reaching frequencies in the extremely high frequency (EHF) band, e.g., 60 GHz. We propose a theoretical model to explain the physical mechanism underlying the strain-spin interaction. Our model explains the amplitude increase of the magnetoacoustic resonance state with time and quantitatively predicts the composition of the combined strain-spin state near the resonance. We also detail its precise dependence on the magnetostriction. The results of this work offer a potential pathway to manipulating both the magnitude and timing of EHF and strongly coupled magnon-phonon excitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Lin Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Tao Qu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Dustin M Lattery
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - R H Victora
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Xiaojia Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jian-Ping Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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4
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Tian C, Chaudhuri U, Singh N, Adeyeye AO. Direct mapping of spin wave modes of individual Ni 80Fe 20 nanorings. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:145714. [PMID: 31887729 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab662f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ferromagnetic nanorings exhibit tunable magnetic states with unique magnetization reversal processes and dynamic behavior that can be exploited in data storage and magnonic devices. Traditionally, probing the magnetization dynamics of individual ferromagnetic nanorings and mapping the resonance modes has proved challenging. In this study, micro-focused Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy is used to directly map the spin wave modes and their intensities in nanorings as a function of ring width and applied magnetic field. Micromagnetic simulations provide further insights into the experimental observations and are in good agreement with the experimental results. These results can help in improving the understanding of spin wave confinement in single elements for magnonic devices and waveguides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Tian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore
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5
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Albisetti E, Tacchi S, Silvani R, Scaramuzzi G, Finizio S, Wintz S, Rinaldi C, Cantoni M, Raabe J, Carlotti G, Bertacco R, Riedo E, Petti D. Optically Inspired Nanomagnonics with Nonreciprocal Spin Waves in Synthetic Antiferromagnets. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906439. [PMID: 31944413 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Integrated optically inspired wave-based processing is envisioned to outperform digital architectures in specific tasks, such as image processing and speech recognition. In this view, spin waves represent a promising route due to their nanoscale wavelength in the gigahertz frequency range and rich phenomenology. Here, a versatile, optically inspired platform using spin waves is realized, demonstrating the wavefront engineering, focusing, and robust interference of spin waves with nanoscale wavelength. In particular, magnonic nanoantennas based on tailored spin textures are used for launching spatially shaped coherent wavefronts, diffraction-limited spin-wave beams, and generating robust multi-beam interference patterns, which spatially extend for several times the spin-wave wavelength. Furthermore, it is shown that intriguing features, such as resilience to back reflection, naturally arise from the spin-wave nonreciprocity in synthetic antiferromagnets, preserving the high quality of the interference patterns from spurious counterpropagating modes. This work represents a fundamental step toward the realization of nanoscale optically inspired devices based on spin waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Albisetti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Via Giuseppe Colombo, 81, Milano, 20133, Italy
- Advanced Science Research Center, CUNY Graduate Center, 85, St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Silvia Tacchi
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali del CNR (CNR-IOM), Sede Secondaria di Perugia, c/o Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università di Perugia, Perugia, I-06123, Italy
| | - Raffaele Silvani
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali del CNR (CNR-IOM), Sede Secondaria di Perugia, c/o Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università di Perugia, Perugia, I-06123, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università di Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, Perugia, I-06123, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Scaramuzzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Via Giuseppe Colombo, 81, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Simone Finizio
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, PSI CH-5232, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Wintz
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, PSI CH-5232, Switzerland
| | - Christian Rinaldi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Via Giuseppe Colombo, 81, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Matteo Cantoni
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Via Giuseppe Colombo, 81, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Jörg Raabe
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, PSI CH-5232, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Carlotti
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali del CNR (CNR-IOM), Sede Secondaria di Perugia, c/o Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università di Perugia, Perugia, I-06123, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bertacco
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Via Giuseppe Colombo, 81, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Elisa Riedo
- Advanced Science Research Center, CUNY Graduate Center, 85, St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, 11201, USA
| | - Daniela Petti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Via Giuseppe Colombo, 81, Milano, 20133, Italy
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6
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Han J, Zhang P, Hou JT, Siddiqui SA, Liu L. Mutual control of coherent spin waves and magnetic domain walls in a magnonic device. Science 2019; 366:1121-1125. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aau2610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The successful implementation of spin-wave devices requires efficient modulation of spin-wave propagation. Using cobalt/nickel multilayer films, we experimentally demonstrate that nanometer-wide magnetic domain walls can be applied to manipulate the phase and magnitude of coherent spin waves in a nonvolatile manner. We further show that a spin wave can, in turn, be used to change the position of magnetic domain walls by means of the spin-transfer torque effect generated from magnon spin current. This mutual interaction between spin waves and magnetic domain walls opens up the possibility of realizing all-magnon spintronic devices, in which one spin-wave signal can be used to control others by reconfiguring magnetic domain structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Han
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Pengxiang Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Justin T. Hou
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Saima A. Siddiqui
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Luqiao Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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7
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Golovchanskiy IA, Abramov NN, Stolyarov VS, Dzhumaev PS, Emelyanova OV, Golubov AA, Ryazanov VV, Ustinov AV. Ferromagnet/Superconductor Hybrid Magnonic Metamaterials. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1900435. [PMID: 31453063 PMCID: PMC6702653 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a class of metamaterials is proposed on the basis of ferromagnet/superconductor hybridization for applications in magnonics. These metamaterials comprise of a ferromagnetic magnon medium that is coupled inductively to a superconducting periodic microstructure. Spectroscopy of magnetization dynamics in such hybrid evidences formation of areas in the medium with alternating dispersions for spin wave propagation, which is the basic requirement for the development of metamaterials known as magnonic crystals. The spectrum allows for derivation of the impact of the superconducting structure on the dispersion: it takes place due to a diamagnetic response of superconductors on the external and stray magnetic fields. In addition, the spectrum displays a dependence on the superconducting critical state of the structure: the Meissner and the mixed states of a type II superconductor are distinguished. This dependence hints toward nonlinear response of hybrid metamaterials on the magnetic field. Investigation of the spin wave dispersion in hybrid metamaterials shows formation of allowed and forbidden bands for spin wave propagation. The band structures are governed by the geometry of spin wave propagation: in the backward volume geometry the band structure is conventional, while in the surface geometry the band structure is nonreciprocal and is formed by indirect band gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A. Golovchanskiy
- Moscow Institute of Physics and TechnologyNational Research University9 Institutskiy per.Dolgoprudny141700Moscow RegionRussia
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS4 Leninsky prosp.119049MoscowRussia
| | - Nikolay N. Abramov
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS4 Leninsky prosp.119049MoscowRussia
| | - Vasily S. Stolyarov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and TechnologyNational Research University9 Institutskiy per.Dolgoprudny141700Moscow RegionRussia
- Institute of Solid State Physics (ISSP RAS)Chernogolovka142432Moscow RegionRussia
- Solid State Physics DepartmentKazan Federal University420008KazanRussia
- All‐Russian Research Institute of Automatics n.a.N.L. Dukhov (VNIIA)127055MoscowRussia
| | - Pavel S. Dzhumaev
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)31 Kashirskoye Shosse115409MoscowRussia
| | - Olga V. Emelyanova
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)31 Kashirskoye Shosse115409MoscowRussia
| | - Alexander A. Golubov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and TechnologyNational Research University9 Institutskiy per.Dolgoprudny141700Moscow RegionRussia
- Faculty of Science and Technology and MESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Twente7500 AEEnschedeThe Netherlands
| | - Valery V. Ryazanov
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS4 Leninsky prosp.119049MoscowRussia
- Institute of Solid State Physics (ISSP RAS)Chernogolovka142432Moscow RegionRussia
- Solid State Physics DepartmentKazan Federal University420008KazanRussia
- Faculty of Physics National Research UniversityHigher School of Economics21/4 Staraya Basmannaya Str.105066MoscowRussia
| | - Alexey V. Ustinov
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS4 Leninsky prosp.119049MoscowRussia
- Physikalisches InstitutKarlsruhe Institute of Technology76131KarlsruheGermany
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Inglis A, Tock CJ, Gregg JF. Indirect observation of phase conjugate magnons from non-degenerate four-wave mixing. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0500-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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9
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Kolodny S, Yudin D, Iorsh I. Resonant spin wave excitation in magnetoplasmonic bilayers using short laser pulses. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:2003-2007. [PMID: 30644961 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09989h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In magnetically ordered solids a static magnetic field can be generated by virtue of the transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (TMOKE). Moreover, the latter was shown to be dramatically enhanced due to the optical excitation of surface plasmons in nanostructures with relatively small optical losses. In this paper we suggest a new method for resonant optical excitation in a prototypical bilayer composed of a noble metal (Au) with grating and a ferromagnetic thin film of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) via a frequency comb. Based on magnetization dynamics simulations we show that for a frequency comb with certain parameters, chosen to be resonant with the spin-wave excitations of YIG, the TMOKE is drastically enhanced, hinting at possible technological applications in optical control of spintronics systems.
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