1
|
Hu Y, Feng Y, Long X, Zheng D, Liu G, Lu Y, Ren Q, Huang Z. Megahertz multi-parametric ophthalmic OCT system for whole eye imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:3000-3017. [PMID: 38855668 PMCID: PMC11161356 DOI: 10.1364/boe.517757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
An ultrahigh-speed, wide-field OCT system for the imaging of anterior, posterior, and ocular biometers is crucial for obtaining comprehensive ocular parameters and quantifying ocular pathology size. Here, we demonstrate a multi-parametric ophthalmic OCT system with a speed of up to 1 MHz for wide-field imaging of the retina and 50 kHz for anterior chamber and ocular biometric measurement. A spectrum correction algorithm is proposed to ensure the accurate pairing of adjacent A-lines and elevate the A-scan speed from 500 kHz to 1 MHz for retinal imaging. A registration method employing position feedback signals was introduced, reducing pixel offsets between forward and reverse galvanometer scanning by 2.3 times. Experimental validation on glass sheets and the human eye confirms feasibility and efficacy. Meanwhile, we propose a revised formula to determine the "true" fundus size using all-axial length parameters from different fields of view. The efficient algorithms and compact design enhance system compatibility with clinical requirements, showing promise for widespread commercialization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Yutao Feng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- The College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xing Long
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Dongye Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Gangjun Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Yanye Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qiushi Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Zhiyu Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518071, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gu Y, Kumar V, Dayavansha EK, Schoen S, Feleppa E, Tadross R, Wang MH, Washburn MJ, Thomenius K, Samir AE. Acoustic diffraction-resistant adaptive profile technology (ADAPT) for elasticity imaging. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi6129. [PMID: 37910613 PMCID: PMC10619922 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi6129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic beam shaping with high degrees of freedom is critical for applications such as ultrasound imaging, acoustic manipulation, and stimulation. However, the ability to fully control the acoustic pressure profile over its propagation path has not yet been achieved. Here, we demonstrate an acoustic diffraction-resistant adaptive profile technology (ADAPT) that can generate a propagation-invariant beam with an arbitrarily desired profile. By leveraging wave number modulation and beam multiplexing, we develop a general framework for creating a highly flexible acoustic beam with a linear array ultrasonic transducer. The designed acoustic beam can also maintain the beam profile in lossy material by compensating for attenuation. We show that shear wave elasticity imaging is an important modality that can benefit from ADAPT for evaluating tissue mechanical properties. Together, ADAPT overcomes the existing limitation of acoustic beam shaping and can be applied to various fields, such as medicine, biology, and material science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Gu
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Ultrasound Research and Translation, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| | - Viksit Kumar
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Ultrasound Research and Translation, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| | - E. G. Sunethra K. Dayavansha
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Ultrasound Research and Translation, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| | - Scott Schoen
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Ultrasound Research and Translation, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ernest Feleppa
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Ultrasound Research and Translation, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rimon Tadross
- General Electric Healthcare, Wauwatosa, WI 53226, USA
| | | | | | - Kai Thomenius
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Ultrasound Research and Translation, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anthony E. Samir
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Ultrasound Research and Translation, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Untracht GR, Chen M, Wijesinghe P, Mas J, Yura HT, Marti D, Andersen PE, Dholakia K. Spatially offset optical coherence tomography: Leveraging multiple scattering for high-contrast imaging at depth in turbid media. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh5435. [PMID: 37418534 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh5435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The penetration depth of optical coherence tomography (OCT) reaches well beyond conventional microscopy; however, signal reduction with depth leads to rapid degradation of the signal below the noise level. The pursuit of imaging at depth has been largely approached by extinguishing multiple scattering. However, in OCT, multiple scattering substantially contributes to image formation at depth. Here, we investigate the role of multiple scattering in OCT image contrast and postulate that, in OCT, multiple scattering can enhance image contrast at depth. We introduce an original geometry that completely decouples the incident and collection fields by introducing a spatial offset between them, leading to preferential collection of multiply scattered light. A wave optics-based theoretical framework supports our experimentally demonstrated improvement in contrast. The effective signal attenuation can be reduced by more than 24 decibels. Notably, a ninefold enhancement in image contrast at depth is observed in scattering biological samples. This geometry enables a powerful capacity to dynamically tune for contrast at depth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gavrielle R Untracht
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Mingzhou Chen
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Philip Wijesinghe
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Josep Mas
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Harold T Yura
- Electronics and Photonics Laboratory, The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245, USA
| | - Dominik Marti
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Peter E Andersen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Kishan Dholakia
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
- Centre of Light for Life and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lan Y, Hu J, Ye W, Zeng P, Qian Y. Customizing non-diffracting structured beams. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:775-778. [PMID: 36723586 DOI: 10.1364/ol.482073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a universal approach to designing and generating non-diffracting structured light beams with arbitrary shapes. Such light beams can be tailored by predefining suitable spectral phases that match the corresponding beam shapes in the transverse plane. We develop a practical spectral superposition algorithm to discuss the non-diffracting properties and experimentally confirm our numerical results. Our proposed approach differs from that of classical non-diffracting beams, which are always constructed from wave equation solutions. The various non-diffracting structured beams could help manipulate particles following arbitrary transverse shapes and are likely to give rise to new applications in optical micromachining.
Collapse
|
5
|
Singh R, Subramanian K, Power RM, Paix A, Gil A, Ikmi A, Prevedel R. Oblique plane microscope for mesoscopic imaging of freely moving organisms with cellular resolution. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:2292-2301. [PMID: 36785246 DOI: 10.1364/oe.471845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Several important questions in biology require non-invasive and three-dimensional imaging techniques with an appropriate spatiotemporal resolution that permits live organisms to move in an unconstrained fashion over an extended field-of-view. While selective-plane illumination microscopy (SPIM) has emerged as a powerful method to observe live biological specimens at high spatio-temporal resolution, typical implementations often necessitate constraining sample mounting or lack the required volumetric speed. Here, we report on an open-top, dual-objective oblique plane microscope (OPM) capable of observing millimeter-sized, freely moving animals at cellular resolution. We demonstrate the capabilities of our mesoscopic OPM (MesOPM) by imaging the behavioral dynamics of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis over 1.56 × 1.56 × 0.25 mm at 1.5 × 2.8 × 5.3 µm resolution and 0.5 Hz volume rate.
Collapse
|
6
|
Stabilization of Axisymmetric Airy Beams by Means of Diffraction and Nonlinearity Management in Two-Dimensional Fractional Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14122664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The propagation dynamics of two-dimensional (2D) ring-Airy beams is studied in the framework of the fractional Schrödinger equation, which includes saturable or cubic self-focusing or defocusing nonlinearity and Lévy index ((LI) alias for the fractionality) taking values 1≤α≤2. The model applies to light propagation in a chain of optical cavities emulating fractional diffraction. Management is included by making the diffraction and/or nonlinearity coefficients periodic functions of the propagation distance, ζ. The management format with the nonlinearity coefficient decaying as 1/ζ is considered too. These management schemes maintain stable propagation of the ring-Airy beams, which maintain their axial symmetry, in contrast to the symmetry-breaking splitting instability of ring-shaped patterns in 2D Kerr media. The instability driven by supercritical collapse at all values α<2 in the presence of the self-focusing cubic term is eliminated, too, by the means of management.
Collapse
|
7
|
Taege Y, Borre AL, Veettikazhy M, Schulz SL, Marti D, Andersen PE, Messerschmidt B, Ataman Ç. Design parameters for Airy beams in light-sheet microscopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:5315-5319. [PMID: 36256216 DOI: 10.1364/ao.458343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We derive analytical expressions for the length, thickness, and curvature of an Airy light sheet in terms of basic parameters of the cubic phase and the paraxially defined focusing optics that form the beam. The length and thickness are defined analogously to the Rayleigh range and beam waist of a Gaussian beam, hence providing a direct and quantitative comparison between the two beam types. The analytical results are confirmed via numerical Fresnel propagation simulations and discussed within the context of light-sheet microscopy, providing a comprehensive guide for the design of the illumination unit.
Collapse
|
8
|
Hilzenrat G, Gill ET, McArthur SL. Imaging approaches for monitoring three-dimensional cell and tissue culture systems. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202100380. [PMID: 35357086 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The past decade has seen an increasing demand for more complex, reproducible and physiologically relevant tissue cultures that can mimic the structural and biological features of living tissues. Monitoring the viability, development and responses of such tissues in real-time are challenging due to the complexities of cell culture physical characteristics and the environments in which these cultures need to be maintained in. Significant developments in optics, such as optical manipulation, improved detection and data analysis, have made optical imaging a preferred choice for many three-dimensional (3D) cell culture monitoring applications. The aim of this review is to discuss the challenges associated with imaging and monitoring 3D tissues and cell culture, and highlight topical label-free imaging tools that enable bioengineers and biophysicists to non-invasively characterise engineered living tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geva Hilzenrat
- Bioengineering Engineering Group, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emma T Gill
- Bioengineering Engineering Group, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sally L McArthur
- Bioengineering Engineering Group, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Munck S, Cawthorne C, Escamilla‐Ayala A, Kerstens A, Gabarre S, Wesencraft K, Battistella E, Craig R, Reynaud EG, Swoger J, McConnell G. Challenges and advances in optical 3D mesoscale imaging. J Microsc 2022; 286:201-219. [PMID: 35460574 PMCID: PMC9325079 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Optical mesoscale imaging is a rapidly developing field that allows the visualisation of larger samples than is possible with standard light microscopy, and fills a gap between cell and organism resolution. It spans from advanced fluorescence imaging of micrometric cell clusters to centimetre-size complete organisms. However, with larger volume specimens, new problems arise. Imaging deeper into tissues at high resolution poses challenges ranging from optical distortions to shadowing from opaque structures. This manuscript discusses the latest developments in mesoscale imaging and highlights limitations, namely labelling, clearing, absorption, scattering, and also sample handling. We then focus on approaches that seek to turn mesoscale imaging into a more quantitative technique, analogous to quantitative tomography in medical imaging, highlighting a future role for digital and physical phantoms as well as artificial intelligence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Munck
- VIB‐KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLight Microscopy Expertise Unit & VIB BioImaging CoreLeuvenBelgium
- KU Leuven Department of NeurosciencesLeuven Brain InstituteLeuvenBelgium
| | | | - Abril Escamilla‐Ayala
- VIB‐KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLight Microscopy Expertise Unit & VIB BioImaging CoreLeuvenBelgium
- KU Leuven Department of NeurosciencesLeuven Brain InstituteLeuvenBelgium
| | - Axelle Kerstens
- VIB‐KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLight Microscopy Expertise Unit & VIB BioImaging CoreLeuvenBelgium
- KU Leuven Department of NeurosciencesLeuven Brain InstituteLeuvenBelgium
| | - Sergio Gabarre
- VIB‐KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLight Microscopy Expertise Unit & VIB BioImaging CoreLeuvenBelgium
- KU Leuven Department of NeurosciencesLeuven Brain InstituteLeuvenBelgium
| | | | | | - Rebecca Craig
- Department of Physics, SUPAUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK
| | - Emmanuel G. Reynaud
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical ScienceUniversity College DublinDublinBelfieldIreland
| | - Jim Swoger
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Gail McConnell
- Department of Physics, SUPAUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xi K, Fang B, Ding L, Li L, Zhuang S, Cheng Q. Terahertz Airy beam generated by Pancharatnam-Berry phases in guided wave-driven metasurfaces. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:16699-16711. [PMID: 36221507 DOI: 10.1364/oe.456699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metasurface antennas scatter traveling guided waves into spatial waves, which act as extendable subsources to overcome the size limitation on emission sources. With the use of a Pancharatnam-Berry phase metasurface stimulated by a circularly polarized wave in a waveguide, the local phase distributions of scattered spatial waves can be made consistent with those of an Airy beam, thereby allowing the generation of high-quality Airy beams. In a slab waveguide, circularly polarized waves are synthesized through superposition of in-plane transverse electric modes. Simulations demonstrate that a 20 mm × 20 mm footprint all-dielectric guided wave-driven metasurface generates a 2D Airy beam at a frequency of 0.6 THz. Furthermore, we employ a metasurface deposited on a strip waveguide to generate a 1D Airy beam under direct stimulation by the fundamental transverse electric mode. Our work not only provides a large-scale emitter, but it also suggests promising potential applications in on-chip imaging and holography.
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu C, Yu X, Bai C, Li X, Zhou Y, Yan S, Min J, Dan D, Li R, Gu S, Yao B. Axial resolution enhancement for planar Airy beam light-sheet microscopy via the complementary beam subtraction method. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:10239-10245. [PMID: 34807133 DOI: 10.1364/ao.441070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Airy beam light-sheet illumination can extend the field of view (FOV) of light-sheet fluorescence microscopy due to the unique propagation properties of non-diffraction and self-acceleration. However, the side lobes create undesirable out-of-focus background, leading to poor axial resolution and low image contrast. Here, we propose an Airy complementary beam subtraction (ACBS) method to improve the axial resolution while keeping the extended FOV. By scanning the optimized designed complementary beam that has two main lobes (TML), the generated complementary light-sheet has almost identical intensity distribution to that of the planar Airy light-sheet except for the central lobe. Subtraction of the two images acquired by double exposure respectively using the planar Airy light-sheet and the planar TML light-sheet can effectively suppress the influence of the out-of-focus background. The axial resolution improves from ∼4µm to 1.2 µm. The imaging performance was demonstrated by imaging specimens of aspergillus conidiophores and GFP labeled mouse brain section. The results show that the ACBS method enables the Airy beam light-sheet fluorescence microscopy to obtain better imaging quality.
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang Y. Pearcey beam tuning and caustic evolution. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2021; 38:1726-1731. [PMID: 34807034 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.438792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Based on the principle of catastrophe theory, by adding an additional phase factor, we adjust Pearcey beams, which therefore have a more flexible and controllable light-field structure. The basic optical structure and evolution characteristics of caustics are also investigated. In particular, we derive analytical equations of caustics for Pearcey beams by exactly considering the specially engineered phase factor. Experimentally, binary masks are used to encode light-field information with the superpixel method so that the theoretically designed Pearcey beam can be generated. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations indicate that the caustics remain unchanged but exhibit lateral shift for a series of phase parameters during propagation in free space. This phenomenon has potential applications in the field of optical manipulation.
Collapse
|
13
|
Tan YJ, Pitchappa P, Wang N, Singh R, Wong LJ. Space-Time Wave Packets from Smith-Purcell Radiation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100925. [PMID: 34658164 PMCID: PMC8596120 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Space-time wave packets are electromagnetic waves with strong correlations between their spatial and temporal degrees of freedom. These wave packets have gained much attention for fundamental properties like propagation invariance and user-designed group velocities, and for potential applications like optical microscopy, micromanipulation, and laser micromachining. Here, free-electron radiation is presented as a natural and versatile source of space-time wave packets that are ultra-broadband and highly tunable in frequency. For instance, ab initio theory and numerical simulations show that the intensity profile of space-time wave packets from Smith-Purcell radiation can be directly tailored through the grating properties, as well as the velocity and shape of the electron bunches. The result of this work indicates a viable way of generating space-time wave packets at exotic frequencies such as the terahertz and X-ray regimes, potentially paving the way toward new methods of shaping electromagnetic wave packets through free-electron radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ji Tan
- Institute of MicroelectronicsAgency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)2 Fusionopolis WaySingapore138634Singapore
- School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University21 Nanyang LinkSingapore637371Singapore
| | - Prakash Pitchappa
- Institute of MicroelectronicsAgency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)2 Fusionopolis WaySingapore138634Singapore
| | - Nan Wang
- Institute of MicroelectronicsAgency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)2 Fusionopolis WaySingapore138634Singapore
| | - Ranjan Singh
- School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University21 Nanyang LinkSingapore637371Singapore
| | - Liang Jie Wong
- School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wong LJ. Propagation-invariant space-time caustics of light. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:30682-30693. [PMID: 34614789 DOI: 10.1364/oe.432798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Caustics are responsible for a wide range of natural phenomena, from rainbows and mirages to sparkling seas. Here, we present caustics in space-time wavepackets, a class of pulsed beams featuring strong coupling between spatial and temporal frequencies. Space-time wavepackets have attracted much attention with their propagation-invariant intensity profiles that travel at tunable superluminal and subluminal group velocities. These intensity profiles, however, have been largely restricted to an X-shape or similar pattern. We show that space-time caustics combine the propagation invariance of space-time wavepackets with the flexible design of caustics, allowing for customizable intensity patterns in space-time wavepackets. Our method directly provides the phase distribution needed to realize user-designed caustic patterns in space-time wavepackets. We show that space-time caustics can feature in a broad range of intriguing optical phenomena, including backward traveling caustics formed from purely forward propagating waves, and nondiffracting beams that evolve with time. Our findings should open the doors to an even wider range of structured light with spatiotemporal coupling.
Collapse
|
15
|
Liang N, Huang Z, Yan C, Wang K, Kuang D. Lattice light sheets generated with a firmly arranged dielectric regular hexagonal pyramid array. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:4100-4103. [PMID: 34469949 DOI: 10.1364/ol.434299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present a firmly arranged dielectric regular hexagonal pyramid array to generate lattice light sheets with high conversion efficiency and low stray light. Both the size and working distance of the lattice light sheets can be modulated by changing the structural parameters. We experimentally recorded the lattice light sheets illumination, which is consistent with the corresponding simulation. To evaluate the imaging quality, we compared the light field generated with and without structure by using polystyrene fluorescent microspheres. This study provides a potential method for the building of light sheet fluorescence microscopy with high resolution and low phototoxicity.
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Noninvasive optical imaging with deep tissue penetration depth and high spatiotemporal resolution is important to longitudinally studying the biology at the single-cell level in live mammals, but has been challenging due to light scattering. Here, we developed near-infrared II (NIR-II) (1,000 to 1,700 nm) structured-illumination light-sheet microscopy (NIR-II SIM) with ultralong excitation and emission wavelengths up to ∼1,540 and ∼1,700 nm, respectively, suppressing light scattering to afford large volumetric three-dimensional (3D) imaging of tissues with deep-axial penetration depths. Integrating structured illumination into NIR-II light-sheet microscopy further diminished background and improved spatial resolution by approximately twofold. In vivo oblique NIR-II SIM was performed noninvasively for 3D volumetric multiplexed molecular imaging of the CT26 tumor microenvironment in mice, longitudinally mapping out CD4, CD8, and OX40 at the single-cell level in response to immunotherapy by cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG), a Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR-9) agonist combined with OX40 antibody treatment. NIR-II SIM affords an additional tool for noninvasive volumetric molecular imaging of immune cells in live mammals.
Collapse
|
17
|
Huang Z, Gu P, Kuang D, Mi P, Feng X. Dynamic imaging of zebrafish heart with multi-planar light sheet microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202000466. [PMID: 33452862 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Light sheet fluorescence microscopy has become a research hotspot in biomedicine because of low phototoxicity, high speed, and high resolution. However, the conventional methods to acquire three-dimensional spatial information are mainly based on scanning, which inevitably increases photodamage and is not real-time. Here, we propose a method to generate controllable multi-planar illumination with a dielectric isosceles triangular array and a design of multi-planar light sheet fluorescence microscopy system. We carry out experiments of three-dimensional illumination beam measurement, volumetric imaging of fluorescent microspheres, and dynamic in vivo imaging of zebrafish heart to evaluate the performance of this system. In addition, we apply this system to study the effects of bisphenol fluorene on the heart shape and heart-beating rate of zebrafish. Our experiment results indicate that the multi-planar light sheet microscopy system provides a novel and feasible method for three-dimensional selected plane imaging and low-phototoxicity in vivo imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zengxin Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, and Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Panchun Gu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, and Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dengfeng Kuang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, and Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xizeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mitri FG. Unconventional circularly polarized Airy light-sheet spinner tweezers. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2021; 38:526-533. [PMID: 33798181 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.418743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Standard circularly polarized Airy light-sheets are synthesized by combining two dephased TE and TM wave fields, polarized in the transverse directions of wave propagation, respectively. Somewhat counterintuitively, the present analysis theoretically demonstrates the existence of unconventional circularly polarized Airy light-sheets, where one of the individual dephased wave fields is polarized along the direction of wave propagation. The vector angular spectrum decomposition method in conjunction with the Lorenz gauge condition and Maxwell's equations allow adequate determination of the Cartesian components of the incident radiated electric field components. Subsequently, the Cartesian components of the optical time-averaged radiation force and torque can be determined and computed. The example of a subwavelength light-absorptive (lossy) dielectric sphere is considered based upon the dipole approximation method. The results demonstrate the emergence of negative force components, suggesting retrograde motion and spinning reversal depending on the polarization of the Airy light-sheet and its transverse scale and attenuation parameter. The results are important in the design of light-sheet spinner tweezers and applications involving optical switching and particle manipulation and rotation.
Collapse
|
19
|
Wen J, Chen L, Yu B, Nieder JB, Zhuang S, Zhang D, Lei D. All-Dielectric Synthetic-Phase Metasurfaces Generating Practical Airy Beams. ACS NANO 2021; 15:1030-1038. [PMID: 33400864 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Accelerating optical beams exhibit exotic features, such as nondiffractive propagation, self-acceleration, and self-healing, which have led their use in a wide range of photonics applications. However, spatial light modulator-based generators of such beams suffer from narrow operational bandwidth, high cost, low diffraction efficiency, and limited integration capability. Although recent metasurface-based approaches have yielded generators with significantly improved bandwidths and integration capacities, the resultant devices usually have ultrashort working distances and limited control over characteristic beam parameters, which decreases their utility in optical imaging and manipulation applications. Herein, we describe a synthetic-phase metasurface-based approach that overcomes these problems and increases the degrees of freedom to enable effective control of beam parameters by integrating a cubic phase profile and the phase of a Fresnel holographic lens into a single metasurface. We demonstrate this approach by using the synthetic metasurface to generate a series of Airy beams with controllable focal length (i.e., working distance), narrowed beam width, and extended propagation distance. Crucially, these beam parameters are fully adjustable, which makes these focal-length-modifiable Airy beams particularly appealing for use in high-resolution, large field-of-view imaging, and deep-penetration optical manipulation. Furthermore, we show that imposing the phase of a Dammann grating into a synthetic metasurface generates a 1 × 4 array of Airy beams that exhibit the aforementioned optical properties. These findings suggest that synthetic-phase metasurfaces may significantly broaden the application of accelerating optical beams in various fields, such as light-sheet microscopy, super-resolution stochastic optical-reconstruction microscopy, laser fabrication, and parallel processing and in the development of optical tweezers for use with live samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wen
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and Systems, Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jun Gong Road, Shanghai 200093, P.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and Systems, Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jun Gong Road, Shanghai 200093, P.R. China
| | - Binbin Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and Systems, Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jun Gong Road, Shanghai 200093, P.R. China
| | - Jana B Nieder
- Ultrafast Bio- and Nanophotonics Group, INL-International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, Braga 4715-330, Portugal
| | - Songlin Zhuang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and Systems, Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jun Gong Road, Shanghai 200093, P.R. China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and Systems, Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jun Gong Road, Shanghai 200093, P.R. China
| | - Dangyuan Lei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong 999077, Hong Kong S.A.R., P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Three-Dimensional Spheroids as In Vitro Preclinical Models for Cancer Research. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12121186. [PMID: 33291351 PMCID: PMC7762220 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cancer biologists still rely on conventional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture techniques to test in vitro anti-tumor drugs prior to in vivo testing. However, the vast majority of promising preclinical drugs have no or weak efficacy in real patients with tumors, thereby delaying the discovery of successful therapeutics. This is because 2D culture lacks cell–cell contacts and natural tumor microenvironment, important in tumor signaling and drug response, thereby resulting in a reduced malignant phenotype compared to the real tumor. In this sense, three-dimensional (3D) cultures of cancer cells that better recapitulate in vivo cell environments emerged as scientifically accurate and low cost cancer models for preclinical screening and testing of new drug candidates before moving to expensive and time-consuming animal models. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of 3D tumor systems and highlight the strategies for spheroid construction and evaluation tools of targeted therapies, focusing on their applicability in cancer research. Examples of the applicability of 3D culture for the evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of nanomedicines are discussed.
Collapse
|
21
|
Yan S, Li M, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Yao B. Accelerating triangle-like singular beam. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2020; 37:1965-1970. [PMID: 33362140 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.408431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a type of singular beam that accelerates along a parabolic trajectory and has a cross-section intensity pattern exhibiting a dark central region surrounded by multiple rings with the innermost (main) ring resembling an equilateral triangle. The key to creating such beams is to replace the standard triangle with a rounded one, made up of six circular arcs connected end to end. The individual input phase mask for each arc can be analytically computed, and the whole input phase mask for the beam is thus obtained by piecing together these individual phases. Furthermore, the continuity of field forces of these triangle-like modes is discrete; that is, an index similar to the topological charge of vortex beams arises. Numerical results show that the energy flow in the beam's cross section circulates around the dark center along the triangle-like main ring, suggesting a possible application in orbiting particles along an irregular path.
Collapse
|
22
|
Wong LJ, Christodoulides DN, Kaminer I. The Complex Charge Paradigm: A New Approach for Designing Electromagnetic Wavepackets. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1903377. [PMID: 33042735 PMCID: PMC7539223 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201903377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Singularities in optics famously describe a broad range of intriguing phenomena, from vortices and caustics to field divergences near point charges. The diverging fields created by point charges are conventionally seen as a mathematical peculiarity that is neither needed nor related to the description of electromagnetic beams and pulses, and other effects in modern optics. This work disrupts this viewpoint by shifting point charges into the complex plane, and showing that their singularities then give rise to propagating, divergence-free wavepackets. Specifically, point charges moving in complex space-time trajectories are shown to map existing wavepackets to corresponding complex trajectories. Tailoring the complex trajectories in this "complex charge paradigm" leads to the discovery and design of new wavepacket families, as well as unprecedented electromagnetic phenomena, such as the combination of both nondiffracting behavior and abruptly-varying behavior in a single wavepacket. As an example, the abruptly focusing X-wave-a propagation-invariant X-wave-like wavepacket with prechosen self-disruptions that enhance its peak intensity by over 200 times-is presented. This work envisions a unified method that captures all existing wavepackets as corresponding complex trajectories, creating a new design tool in modern optics and paving the way to further discoveries of electromagnetic modes and waveshaping applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Jie Wong
- School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AveSingapore639798Singapore
| | | | - Ido Kaminer
- Department of Electrical EngineeringTechnionHaifa32000Israel
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang J, Hua X, Guo C, Liu W, Jia S. Airy-beam tomographic microscopy. OPTICA 2020; 7:790-793. [PMID: 32905493 PMCID: PMC7470243 DOI: 10.1364/optica.389894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We introduce Airy-beam tomographic microscopy (ATM) for high-resolution, volumetric, inertia-free imaging of biological specimens. The work exploits the highly adjustable Airy trajectories in the three-dimensional (3D) space, transforming the conventional telecentric wide-field imaging scheme that requires sample or focal-plane scanning to acquire 3D information. The results present a consistent near-diffraction-limited 3D resolution across a tenfold extended imaging depth compared to wide-field microscopy. We anticipate the strategy to not only offer a promising paradigm for 3D optical microscopy, but also be translated to other non-optical waveforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuanwen Hua
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Changliang Guo
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Wenhao Liu
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Shu Jia
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Veettikazhy M, Nylk J, Gasparoli F, Escobet-Montalbán A, Hansen AK, Marti D, Andersen PE, Dholakia K. Multi-photon attenuation-compensated light-sheet fluorescence microscopy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8090. [PMID: 32415135 PMCID: PMC7229186 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64891-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Attenuation of optical fields owing to scattering and absorption limits the penetration depth for imaging. Whilst aberration correction may be used, this is difficult to implement over a large field-of-view in heterogeneous tissue. Attenuation-compensation allows tailoring of the maximum lobe of a propagation-invariant light field and promises an increase in depth penetration for imaging. Here we show this promising approach may be implemented in multi-photon (two-photon) light-sheet fluorescence microscopy and, furthermore, can be achieved in a facile manner utilizing a graded neutral density filter, circumventing the need for complex beam shaping apparatus. A "gold standard" system utilizing a spatial light modulator for beam shaping is used to benchmark our implementation. The approach will open up enhanced depth penetration in light-sheet imaging to a wide range of end users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Veettikazhy
- DTU Health Tech, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Jonathan Nylk
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Federico Gasparoli
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Adrià Escobet-Montalbán
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Anders Kragh Hansen
- DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Dominik Marti
- DTU Health Tech, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Peter Eskil Andersen
- DTU Health Tech, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kishan Dholakia
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ding S, Li Y, Li Z, Wang G, Xu J, Li Y, Dong X, Gao X. Focal shift of an axisymmetric Bessel-Gaussian beam under Airy mixing modulation. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:3673-3681. [PMID: 32400489 DOI: 10.1364/ao.388065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the focusing characteristics of Bessel-Gaussian beams are studied by means of vector diffraction theory. The vector field distribution of the axisymmetric Bessel-Gaussian beam of a cylindrical vector is derived by calculating and adding Airy mixing modulation to the Bessel-Gaussian beam. It is found that with a series of regular focusing change characteristics, the focusing presents strong stability of the optical chain structure, and the number of optical chain links can be adjusted. At the same time, it is pointed out that in the case of a tightly focused helically polarized beam, the polarization in the focal region is not uniform, but there was a similar horizontal shift in focus. Finally, the relevant practical application scenarios are briefly introduced. The correlation focus shift conversion can be widely used in electronic acceleration, optical sampling and operation, and biological imaging.
Collapse
|
26
|
Fontaine Q, Hu H, Pigeon S, Bienaimé T, Wu E, Giacobino E, Bramati A, Glorieux Q. Attenuation-free non-diffracting Bessel beams. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:30067-30080. [PMID: 31684260 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.030067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on a versatile method to compensate the linear attenuation in a medium, independently of its microscopic origin. The method exploits diffraction-limited Bessel beams and tailored on-axis intensity profiles, which are generated using a phase-only spatial light modulator. This technique for compensating one of the most fundamental limiting processes in linear optics is shown to be efficient for a wide range of experimental conditions (modifying the refractive index and the attenuation coefficient). Finally, we explain how this method can be advantageously exploited in applications ranging from bio-imaging light sheet microscopy to quantum memories for future quantum communication networks.
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu P, Mu X, Zhang XD, Ming D. The Near-Infrared-II Fluorophores and Advanced Microscopy Technologies Development and Application in Bioimaging. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 31:260-275. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Liu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaoyu Mu
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Corsetti S, Gunn-Moore F, Dholakia K. Light sheet fluorescence microscopy for neuroscience. J Neurosci Methods 2019; 319:16-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
29
|
Xing E, Gao H, Rong J, Khew SY, Liu H, Tong C, Hong M. Dynamically tunable multi-lobe laser generation via multifocal curved beam. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:30944-30951. [PMID: 30469984 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.030944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Beams with curved properties, represented by Airy beam, have already shown potential applications in various fields. Here we propose a simple method to achieve a multifocal curved beam (MCB). The scheme is based on the ability of microspheres to control the distribution of the light field. Combined with the caustic effect, the dynamic control of the beam curvature and the foci can be realized. The simulation results confirm the mechanism behind this phenomenon. Furthermore, MCB is applied experimentally into the end-pumped microchip laser. This work has verified the theory of MCB and achieved a dynamically tunable multi-lobe laser, which has a wide application prospect.
Collapse
|
30
|
Escobet-Montalbán A, Gasparoli FM, Nylk J, Liu P, Yang Z, Dholakia K. Three-photon light-sheet fluorescence microscopy. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:5484-5487. [PMID: 30383037 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.005484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We present the first demonstration of three-photon excitation light-sheet fluorescence microscopy. Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy in single- and two-photon modes has emerged as a powerful wide-field, low-photodamage technique for fast volumetric imaging of biological samples. We extend this imaging modality to the three-photon regime, enhancing its penetration depth. Our present study uses a conventional femtosecond pulsed laser at 1000 nm wavelength for the imaging of 450 μm diameter cellular spheroids. In addition, we show, experimentally and through numerical simulations, the potential advantages in three-photon light-sheet microscopy of using propagation-invariant Bessel beams in preference to Gaussian beams.
Collapse
|
31
|
Goutsoulas M, Penciu RS, Efremidis NK. Independent amplitude and trajectory/beam-width control of nonparaxial beams. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:18969-18974. [PMID: 30114156 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.018969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We show that it is possible to generate non-paraxial optical beams with pre-engineered trajectories and designed maximum amplitude along these trajectories. The independent control of these two degrees of freedom is made possible by engineering both the amplitude and the phase of the optical wave on the input plane. Furthermore, we come to the elegant conclusion that the beam width depends solely on the local curvature of the trajectory. Thus, we can generate beams with pre-defined amplitude and beam-width by appropriately selecting the local curvature. Our theoretical results are in excellent agreement with numerical simulations. We discuss about methods that can be utilized to experimentally generate such beam. Our work might be useful in applications where precise beam control is important such as particle manipulation, filamentation, and micromachining.
Collapse
|