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Liang H, Zhang X, Wang F, Li C, Yuan W, Meng W, Cheng Z, Dong Y, Shi X, Yan Y, Yi H, Shuai Y, Long Y. Bio-inspired micropatterned thermochromic hydrogel for concurrent smart solar transmission and rapid visible-light stealth at all-working temperatures. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:202. [PMID: 39168994 PMCID: PMC11339365 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01525-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Thermochromic hydrogels exhibit a smart capacity for regulating solar spectrum transmission, enabling automatically change their transmissivity in response to the ambient temperature change. This has great importance for energy conservation purposes. Military and civilian emergency thermochromic applications require rapid visible-light stealth (VLS); however, concurrent smart solar transmission and rapid VLS is yet to be realized. Inspired by squid-skin, we propose a micropatterned thermochromic hydrogel (MTH) to realize the concurrent control of smart solar transmittance and rapid VLS at all-working temperatures. The MTH possesses two optical regulation mechanisms: optical property regulation and optical scattering, controlled by temperature and pressure, respectively. The introduced surface micropattern strategy can arbitrarily switch between normal and diffuse transmission, and the VLS response time is within 1 s compared with previous ~180 s. The MTH also has a high solar-transmission regulation range of 61%. Further, the MTH preparation method is scalable and cost-effective. This novel regulation mechanism opens a new pathway towards applications with multifunctional optical requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxu Liang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xinping Zhang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Fuqiang Wang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Chunzhe Li
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Weizhe Yuan
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Weifeng Meng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Ziming Cheng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Yan Dong
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xuhang Shi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej 113, Kgs, Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Yuying Yan
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Hongliang Yi
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yong Shuai
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yi Long
- Department of Electronic Engineering, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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2
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Liu Q, Liu L, Zheng Y, Li M, Ding B, Diao X, Cheng HM, Tang Y. On-demand engineerable visible spectrum by fine control of electrochemical reactions. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwad323. [PMID: 38312377 PMCID: PMC10833456 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Tunability of optical performance is one of the key technologies for adaptive optoelectronic applications, such as camouflage clothing, displays, and infrared shielding. High-precision spectral tunability is of great importance for some special applications with on-demand adaptability but remains challenging. Here we demonstrate a galvanostatic control strategy to achieve this goal, relying on the finding of the quantitative correlation between optical properties and electrochemical reactions within materials. An electrochromic electro-optical efficiency index is established to optically fingerprint and precisely identify electrochemical redox reactions in the electrochromic device. Consequently, the charge-transfer process during galvanostatic electrochemical reaction can be quantitatively regulated, permitting precise control over the final optical performance and on-demand adaptability of electrochromic devices as evidenced by an ultralow deviation of <3.0%. These findings not only provide opportunities for future adaptive optoelectronic applications with strict demand on precise spectral tunability but also will promote in situ quantitative research in a wide range of spectroelectrochemistry, electrochemical energy storage, electrocatalysis, and material chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qirong Liu
- Advanced Energy Storage Technology Research Center, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Yongping Zheng
- Advanced Energy Storage Technology Research Center, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Resource, Environment and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Baofu Ding
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xungang Diao
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Materials for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yongbing Tang
- Advanced Energy Storage Technology Research Center, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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3
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Xie L, Wang X, Zou X, Bai Z, Liang S, Wei C, Zha S, Zheng M, Zhou Y, Yue O, Liu X. Engineering Self-Adaptive Multi-Response Thermochromic Hydrogel for Energy-Saving Smart Windows and Wearable Temperature-Sensing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2304321. [PMID: 37658503 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Buildings account for ≈40% of the total energy consumption. In addition, it is challenging to control the indoor temperature in extreme weather. Therefore, energy-saving smart windows with light regulation have gained increasing attention. However, most emerging base materials for smart windows have disadvantages, including low transparency at low temperatures, ultra-high phase transition temperature, and scarce applications. Herein, a self-adaptive multi-response thermochromic hydrogel (PHC-Gel) with dual temperature and pH response is engineered through "one-pot" integration tactics. The PHC-Gel exhibits excellent mechanical, adhesion, and electrical conductivity properties. Notably, the low critical solubility temperature (LCST) of PHC-Gel can be regulated over a wide temperature range (20-35 °C). The outdoor practical testing reveals that PHC-Gel has excellent light transmittance at low temperatures and radiation cooling performances at high temperatures, indicating that PHC-Gel can be used for developing energy-saving windows. Actually, PHC-Gel-based thermochromic windows show remarkable visible light transparency (Tlum ≈ 95.2%) and solar modulation (△Tsol ≈ 57.2%). Interestingly, PHC-Gel has superior electrical conductivity, suggesting that PHC-Gel can be utilized to fabricate wearable signal-response and temperature sensors. In summary, PHC-Gel has broad application prospects in energy-saving smart windows, smart wearable sensors, temperature monitors, infant temperature detection, and thermal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Biomass & Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Xuechuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Biomass & Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Institute of Biomass & Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Xiaoliang Zou
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Institute of Biomass & Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Zhongxue Bai
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Institute of Biomass & Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Institute of Biomass & Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Chao Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Biomass & Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Siyu Zha
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Biomass & Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Manhui Zheng
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Institute of Biomass & Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Institute of Biomass & Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Ouyang Yue
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Institute of Biomass & Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Institute of Biomass & Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
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4
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Kim Y, Lim J, Lim JH, Hwang E, Lee H, Kim M, Ha I, Cho H, Kwon J, Oh J, Ko SH, Pan H, Hong S. Reconfigurable Multilevel Optical PUF by Spatiotemporally Programmed Crystallization of Supersaturated Solution. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2212294. [PMID: 36940430 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202212294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are emerging as an alternative to information security by providing an advanced level of cryptographic keys with non-replicable characteristics, yet the cryptographic keys of conventional PUFs are not reconfigurable from the ones assigned at the manufacturing stage and the overall authentication process slows down as the number of entities in the dataset or the length of cryptographic key increases. Herein, a supersaturated solution-based PUF (S-PUF) is presented that utilizes stochastic crystallization of a supersaturated sodium acetate solution to allow a time-efficient, hierarchical authentication process together with on-demand rewritability of cryptographic keys. By controlling the orientation and the average grain size of the sodium acetate crystals via a spatiotemporally programmed temperature profile, the S-PUF now includes two global parameters, that is, angle of rotation and divergence of the diffracted beam, in addition to the speckle pattern to produce multilevel cryptographic keys, and these parameters function as prefixes for the classification of each entity for a fast authentication process. At the same time, the reversible phase change of sodium acetate enables repeated reconfiguration of the cryptographic key, which is expected to offer new possibilities for a next-generation, recyclable anti-counterfeiting platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngchan Kim
- Optical Nanoprocessing Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, 15588, South Korea
| | - Jaemook Lim
- Optical Nanoprocessing Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, 15588, South Korea
| | - Ji Hwan Lim
- Optical Nanoprocessing Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, 15588, South Korea
| | - Eunseung Hwang
- Optical Nanoprocessing Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, 15588, South Korea
| | - Hyunkoo Lee
- Optical Nanoprocessing Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, 15588, South Korea
| | - Minwoo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering/Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Inho Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering/Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Hyunmin Cho
- Department of Nano Manufacturing Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34103, South Korea
| | - Jinhyeong Kwon
- Smart Manufacturing System R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Seobuk-gu, Chungchengnam-do, Cheonan, 31056, South Korea
| | - Junho Oh
- Bio-inspired Energy and Thermal Transport Engineering Research Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, 15588, South Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Ko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering/Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Heng Pan
- Multiscale Manufacturing Lab, J. Mike Walker '66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Sukjoon Hong
- Optical Nanoprocessing Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, 15588, South Korea
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5
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Feng Y, Ma W, Li H, Yang M, Yu Y, Liu S, Zeng X, Huang F, Yang Y, Li Z. Phase-Changing Polymer Film for Smart Windows with Highly Adaptive Solar Modulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:5836-5844. [PMID: 36688968 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Adjusting sunlight and thermal radiation from windows is important in efficient energy-saving applications. A high solar modulation (ΔTsol) capability as well as a high luminous transmittance (Tlum) are the ultimate aim of smart windows. In this study, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), W-doped VO2, and poly-N-iso-propylacrylamide (PNIPAm) composite hydrogel films were produced. The sample was prepared between two glasses to constitute a smart window with a sandwich construction structure, which exhibits a high Tlum of 87.16%, a ΔTsol of 65.71%, and a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of 29 °C. The practical applications of conventional PNIPAm hydrogels are limited by the volume contraction of phase transition. Here, this challenge is addressed by the simple method of combining with HPC. The PNIPAm-2.5 wt % HPC hydrogels possess thermo-responsive contractility with a volume shrinkage rate of 8.5%. Even after 100 high- and low-temperature cyclic durability tests, the smart windows still exhibit a high solar modulation capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Fingshing, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 43003, China
| | - Wenxia Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Fingshing, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 43003, China
| | - Haibo Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Fingshing, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 43003, China
| | - Ming Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Fingshing, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 43003, China
| | - Yunzi Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Fingshing, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 43003, China
| | - Shuming Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Fingshing, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 43003, China
| | - Xianglong Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Fingshing, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 43003, China
| | - Fang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Fingshing, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 43003, China
| | - Yongsheng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Fingshing, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 43003, China
| | - Zehao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Fingshing, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 43003, China
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Rhodamine-containing double-network hydrogels for smart window materials with tunable light transmittance, low-temperature warning, and deformation sensing. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Hwang E, Hong J, Yoon J, Hong S. Direct Writing of Functional Layer by Selective Laser Sintering of Nanoparticles for Emerging Applications: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6006. [PMID: 36079386 PMCID: PMC9457495 DOI: 10.3390/ma15176006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Selective laser sintering of nanoparticles enables the direct and rapid formation of a functional layer even on heat-sensitive flexible and stretchable substrates, and is rising as a pioneering fabrication technology for future-oriented applications. To date, laser sintering has been successfully applied to various target nanomaterials including a wide range of metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles, and extensive investigation of relevant experimental schemes have not only reduced the minimum feature size but also have further expanded the scalability of the process. In the beginning, the selective laser sintering process was regarded as an alternative method to conventional manufacturing processes, but recent studies have shown that the unique characteristics of the laser-sintered layer may improve device performance or even enable novel functionalities which were not achievable using conventional fabrication techniques. In this regard, we summarize the current developmental status of the selective laser sintering technique for nanoparticles, affording special attention to recent emerging applications that adopt the laser sintering scheme.
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Chen Y, Long J, Xie B, Kuang Y, Chen X, Hou M, Gao J, Liu H, He Y, Wong CP. One-Step Ultraviolet Laser-Induced Fluorine-Doped Graphene Achieving Superhydrophobic Properties and Its Application in Deicing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:4647-4655. [PMID: 35015501 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Joule heaters based on flexible thin films have attracted a significant amount of attention in both academia and the industry. However, it has been highly challenging to fabricate such heaters. In this study, a one-step laser induction method was proposed to prepare fluorine-doped laser-induced graphene (F-LIG) with stable and superhydrophobic properties by confining a 355 nm ultraviolet laser at the interface between the fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) film and polyimide (PI) film. The superhydrophobic properties of the F-LIG composite films could be attributed to the doping of fluorine elements and the laser-processed microstructures, which could be tuned by laser processing parameters. Based on the processed F-LIG films, Joule deicing heaters were developed and their deicing efficiencies are 7 times higher than that of the undoped LIG-based deicing heater. The method will provide new means and ideas to develop LIG-based flexible devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Junyu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yicheng Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Maoxiang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huilong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yunbo He
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ching-Ping Wong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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9
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Volumetric, Viscometric and Spectroscopic Properties of Glycylglycine in Citrate and Acetate Buffer Solutions at Different Temperatures. J SOLUTION CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-021-01129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Sun Z, Ni Y, Prakasam T, Liu W, Wu H, Zhang Z, Di H, Baldridge KK, Trabolsi A, Olson MA. The Unusual Photochromic and Hydrochromic Switching Behavior of Cellulose-Embedded 1,8-Naphthalimide-Viologen Derivatives in the Solid-State. Chemistry 2021; 27:9360-9371. [PMID: 33831265 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive chromic materials such as photochromics, hydrochromics, thermochromics, and electrochromics have a long history of capturing the attention of scientists due to their potential industrial applications and novelty in popular culture. However, hybrid chromic materials that combine two or more stimuli-triggered color changing properties are not so well known. Herein, we report a design strategy that has led to a series of emissive 1,8-naphthalimide-viologen dyads which exhibit unusual dual photochromic and hydrochromic switching behavior in the solid-state when embedded in a cellulose matrix. This behavior manifests as reversible solid state fluorescence hydrochromism upon changes in atmospheric relative humidity (RH), and reversible solid state photochromism upon generation of a cellulose-stabilized viologen radical cation. In this design strategy, the bipyridinium unit serves as both a water-sensitive receptor for the hydrochromic fluorophore-receptor system, and a photochromic group, capable of eliciting its own visible colorimetric response, generating a fluorescence quenching radical cation with prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. These dyes can be inkjet-printed onto cellulose paper or drop-cast as cellulose powder-based films and can be unidirectionally cycled between three different states which can be characteristically visualized under UV light or visible light. The material's photochromism, hydrochromism, and underlying mechanism of action was investigated using computational analysis, dynamic vapor sorption/desorption isotherms, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and variable humidity UV-Vis adsorption and fluorescence spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Sun
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yanhai Ni
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Thirumurugan Prakasam
- Chemistry Program, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wenqi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Huang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Haiting Di
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Kim K Baldridge
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Ali Trabolsi
- Chemistry Program, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mark A Olson
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois, USA
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11
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Yang J, Lim T, Jeong SM, Ju S. Information-Providing Flexible and Transparent Smart Window Display. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:20689-20697. [PMID: 33890461 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A smart window, which can easily adjust light transmittance, can provide barrier functions, such as improvement in energy efficiency, glare prevention, and privacy protection. However, a smart window that can selectively provide real-time information and display various colorful characters and images at a desired location has not been developed. In this study, a novel smart window capable of real-time information conversion is developed by advancing the light transmittance control of the existing smart windows. A transparent and flexible window display is fabricated by synthesizing poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM)-N,N-methylenebisacrylamide-crosslinked hydrogels (NBcH) and near-infrared (NIR) absorption-heating films sandwiched between two plastic substrates. When the NIR laser irradiates the window display panel surface, the temperature rises rapidly, as the NIR absorption-heating film absorbs the NIR wavelength. The generated heat is transferred to pNIPAM in contact with the NIR absorption-heating film, and an image forms in real time. In addition, if the NIR laser and projector simultaneously irradiate the window display panel surface, various colorful images can be displayed. The smart window for real-time information provision proposed in this study acts like a glass curtain that can selectively make a desired location transparent or opaque by controlling the transmittance of light and acts as a display that can present various colorful characters and images in real time. Therefore, it is expected to be highly convenient for users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonguk Yang
- Department of Nanoengineering, Kyonggi University, Gyeonggi-Do, Suwon 16227, South Korea
| | - Taekyung Lim
- Department of Nanoengineering, Kyonggi University, Gyeonggi-Do, Suwon 16227, South Korea
| | - Sang-Mi Jeong
- Department of Nanoengineering, Kyonggi University, Gyeonggi-Do, Suwon 16227, South Korea
| | - Sanghyun Ju
- Department of Nanoengineering, Kyonggi University, Gyeonggi-Do, Suwon 16227, South Korea
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Jin Y, Baugh N, Lin Y, Ge M, Dickey MD. Soft, Stretchable, and Pneumatically Triggered Thermochromic Optical Filters with Embedded Phosphorescence. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:26424-26431. [PMID: 32390411 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescence is commonly used in nature to communicate using light. There are many ways to activate phosphorescence, including UV light, heat, and mechanical forces, but there are few methods to control phosphorescence once activated. Here, we present soft composite devices-which we call "optical filters"-for controlling the release of light by phosphorescence within a stretchable matrix. The filters consist of liquid metal wires, phosphorescent particles, and thermochromic pigments embedded in an elastomeric matrix. UV light initially activates the phosphorescence of rare-earth long-lasting luminescent particles. At room temperature, the thermochromic pigments block the phosphorescence from leaving the matrix. However, Joule heating of the liquid metal can change the opacity of the thermochromic pigments, which tunes the color, intensity, and wavelength of phosphorescence that exits the composite. In addition, the resistance of the liquid metal wires changes with physical deformation, thereby converting mechanical forces (strain, compression, and pneumatic inflation) into an optical response. Controlled phosphorescence, combined with the electrical conductivity of the liquid metal and the overall soft matrix, enables potential applications as an electronic skin for soft robotics, stretchable electronics, and prosthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- College of Textile and Clothing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Neil Baugh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Yiliang Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Mingqiao Ge
- College of Textile and Clothing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Michael D Dickey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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Effect of AlOx protection layer on AgNWs for flexible transparent heater. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4592. [PMID: 32165696 PMCID: PMC7067773 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61449-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We indicated high performance and stability transparent heaters based on AlOx covered Ag nanowires. We obtained an AlOx covered Ag nanowire thin film which has a 47 ohm/sq of sheet resistance and 88.1% (substrate included) of transmittance at 600 nm on a flexible substrate. We demonstrate that the thin AlOx layer leads to increased contact area at the junction of Ag nanowires, which contributes to lower sheet resistance and improved adhesion of Ag nanowires. Furthermore, high stability and flexibility of Ag nanowire have been achieved by the AlOx layer. Finally, we fabricated a flexible transparent heater with AlOx covered Ag nanowire, and obtained a temperature of 81 °C within 40 sec at the driven voltage of 7 V with fast response and uniform temperature distribution. Therefore, the AlOx covered Ag nanowire film is a promising candidate for the application of the flexible transparent heaters.
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