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Melbourne LA, Goodkin NF. Using Museum collections to assess the impact of industrialization on mussel (Mytilus edulis) calcification. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301874. [PMID: 38630684 PMCID: PMC11023280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mytilus edulis is a commercially and ecologically important species found along the east coast of the United States. Ecologically, M. edulis improves water quality through filtration feeding and provides habitat formation and coastal protection through reef formation. Like many marine calcifiers, ocean warming, and acidification are a growing threat to these organisms-impacting their morphology and function. Museum collections are useful in assessing long-term environmental impacts on organisms in a natural multi-stressor environment, where acclimation and adaptation can be considered. Using the American Museum of Natural History collections ranging from the early 1900s until now, we show that shell porosity changes through time. Shells collected today are significantly more porous than shells collected in the 1960s and, at some sites, than shells collected from the early 1900s. The disparity between porosity changes matches well with the warming that occurred over the last 130 years in the north Atlantic suggesting that warming is causing porosity changes. However, more work is required to discern local environmental impacts and to fully identify porosity drivers. Since, porosity is known to affect structural integrity, porosity increasing through time could have negative consequences for mussel reef structural integrity and hence habitat formation and storm defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne A. Melbourne
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Nathalie F. Goodkin
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
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2
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Zhao L, Harvey BP, Higuchi T, Agostini S, Tanaka K, Murakami-Sugihara N, Morgan H, Baker P, Hall-Spencer JM, Shirai K. Ocean acidification stunts molluscan growth at CO 2 seeps. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162293. [PMID: 36813205 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification can severely affect bivalve molluscs, especially their shell calcification. Assessing the fate of this vulnerable group in a rapidly acidifying ocean is therefore a pressing challenge. Volcanic CO2 seeps are natural analogues of future ocean conditions that offer unique insights into the scope of marine bivalves to cope with acidification. Here, we used a 2-month reciprocal transplantation of the coastal mussel Septifer bilocularis collected from reference and elevated pCO2 habitats to explore how they calcify and grow at CO2 seeps on the Pacific coast of Japan. We found significant decreases in condition index (an indication of tissue energy reserves) and shell growth of mussels living under elevated pCO2 conditions. These negative responses in their physiological performance under acidified conditions were closely associated with changes in their food sources (shown by changes to the soft tissue δ13C and δ15N ratios) and changes in their calcifying fluid carbonate chemistry (based on shell carbonate isotopic and elemental signatures). The reduced shell growth rate during the transplantation experiment was further supported by shell δ13C records along their incremental growth layers, as well as their smaller shell size despite being of comparable ontogenetic ages (5-7 years old, based on shell δ18O records). Taken together, these findings demonstrate how ocean acidification at CO2 seeps affects mussel growth and reveal that lowered shell growth helps them survive stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan.
| | - Ben P Harvey
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda 415-0025, Japan.
| | - Tomihiko Higuchi
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan
| | - Sylvain Agostini
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda 415-0025, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan
| | | | - Holly Morgan
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Phoebe Baker
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Jason M Hall-Spencer
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda 415-0025, Japan; School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Kotaro Shirai
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan
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3
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Willard HF, Deutekom ES, Allemand D, Tambutté S, Kaandorp JA. Testing hypotheses on the calcification in scleractinian corals using a spatio-temporal model that shows a high degree of robustness. J Theor Biol 2023; 561:111382. [PMID: 36610694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Calcification in photosynthetic scleractinian corals is a complicated process that involves many different biological, chemical, and physical sub-processes that happen within and around the coral tissue. Identifying and quantifying the role of separate processes in vivo or in vitro is difficult or not possible. A computational model can facilitate this research by simulating the sub-processes independently. This study presents a spatio-temporal model of the calcification physiology, which is based on processes that are considered essential for calcification: respiration, photosynthesis, Ca2+-ATPase, carbonic anhydrase. The model is used to test different hypotheses considering ion transport across the calicoblastic cells and Light Enhanced Calcification (LEC). It is also used to quantify the effect of ocean acidification (OA) on the Extracellular Calcifying Medium (ECM) and ATP-consumption of Ca2+-ATPase. It was able to reproduce the experimental data of three separate studies and finds that paracellular transport plays a minor role compared to transcellular transport. In the model, LEC results from increased Ca2+-ATPase activity in combination with increased metabolism. Implementing OA increases the concentration of CO2 throughout the entire tissue, thereby increasing the availability of CO3- in the ECM. As a result, the model finds that calcification becomes more energy-demanding and the calcification rate increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena F Willard
- Computational Science Lab, Informatics Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eva S Deutekom
- Computational Science Lab, Informatics Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Denis Allemand
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Avenue Saint Martin, 98000, Monaco
| | - Sylvie Tambutté
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Avenue Saint Martin, 98000, Monaco
| | - Jaap A Kaandorp
- Computational Science Lab, Informatics Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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4
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Leung JYS, Zhang S, Connell SD. Is Ocean Acidification Really a Threat to Marine Calcifiers? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 980+ Studies Spanning Two Decades. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107407. [PMID: 35934837 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification is considered detrimental to marine calcifiers, but mounting contradictory evidence suggests a need to revisit this concept. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to critically re-evaluate the prevailing paradigm of negative effects of ocean acidification on calcifiers. Based on 5153 observations from 985 studies, many calcifiers (e.g., echinoderms, crustaceans, and cephalopods) are found to be tolerant to near-future ocean acidification (pH ≈ 7.8 by the year 2100), but coccolithophores, calcifying algae, and corals appear to be sensitive. Calcifiers are generally more sensitive at the larval stage than adult stage. Over 70% of the observations in growth and calcification are non-negative, implying the acclimation capacity of many calcifiers to ocean acidification. This capacity can be mediated by phenotypic plasticity (e.g., physiological, mineralogical, structural, and molecular adjustments), transgenerational plasticity, increased food availability, or species interactions. The results suggest that the impacts of ocean acidification on calcifiers are less deleterious than initially thought as their adaptability has been underestimated. Therefore, in the forthcoming era of ocean acidification research, it is advocated that studying how marine organisms persist is as important as studying how they perish, and that future hypotheses and experimental designs are not constrained within the paradigm of negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Y S Leung
- Faculty of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
- Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Sam Zhang
- Faculty of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Sean D Connell
- Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
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5
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Responses of Freshwater Calcifiers to Carbon-Dioxide-Induced Acidification. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10081068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Increased anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere can enter surface waters and depress pH. In marine systems, this phenomenon, termed ocean acidification (OA), can modify a variety of physiological, ecological, and chemical processes. Shell-forming organisms are particularly sensitive to this chemical shift, though responses vary amongst taxa. Although analogous chemical changes occur in freshwater systems via absorption of CO2 into lakes, rivers, and streams, effects on freshwater calcifiers have received far less attention, despite the ecological importance of these organisms to freshwater systems. We exposed four common and widespread species of freshwater calcifiers to a range of pCO2 conditions to determine how CO2-induced reductions in freshwater pH impact calcium carbonate shell formation. We incubated the signal crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus, the Asian clam, Corbicula fluminea, the montane pea clam, Pisidium sp., and the eastern pearlshell mussel, Margaritifera margaritifera, under low pCO2 conditions (pCO2 = 616 ± 151 µatm; pH = 7.91 ± 0.11), under moderately elevated pCO2 conditions (pCO2 = 1026 ± 239 uatm; pH = 7.67 ± 0.10), and under extremely elevated pCO2 conditions (pCO2 = 2380 ± 693 uatm; pH = 7.32 ± 0.12). Three of these species exhibited a negative linear response to increasing pCO2 (decreasing pH), while the fourth, the pea clam, exhibited a parabolic response. Additional experiments revealed that feeding rates of the crayfish decreased under the highest pCO2 treatment, potentially contributing to or driving the negative calcification response of the crayfish to elevated pCO2 by depriving them of energy needed for biocalcification. These results highlight the potential for freshwater taxa to be deleteriously impacted by increased atmospheric pCO2, the variable nature of these responses, and the need for further study of this process in freshwater systems.
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Stewart JA, Strawson I, Kershaw J, Robinson LF. Stylasterid corals build aragonite skeletons in undersaturated water despite low pH at the site of calcification. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13105. [PMID: 35907926 PMCID: PMC9339005 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16787-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic carbon emissions are causing seawater pH to decline, yet the impact on marine calcifiers is uncertain. Scleractinian corals and coralline algae strongly elevate the pH of their calcifying fluid (CF) to promote calcification. Other organisms adopt less energetically demanding calcification approaches but restrict their habitat. Stylasterid corals occur widely (extending well below the carbonate saturation horizon) and precipitate both aragonite and high-Mg calcite, however, their mode of biocalcification and resilience to ocean acidification are unknown. Here we measure skeletal boron isotopes (δ11B), B/Ca, and U/Ca to provide the first assessment of pH and rate of seawater flushing of stylasterid CF. Remarkably, both aragonitic and high-Mg calcitic stylasterids have low δ11B values implying little modification of internal pH. Collectively, our results suggest stylasterids have low seawater exchange rates into the calcifying space or rely on organic molecule templating to facilitate calcification. Thus, despite occupying similar niches to Scleractinia, Stylasteridae exhibit highly contrasting biocalcification, calling into question their resilience to ocean acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Stewart
- School of Earth Sci. Univ. of Bristol, Queens Road, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, UK.
| | - Ivo Strawson
- School of Earth Sci. Univ. of Bristol, Queens Road, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, UK.,Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, UK
| | - James Kershaw
- School of Earth Sci. Univ. of Bristol, Queens Road, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, UK
| | - Laura F Robinson
- School of Earth Sci. Univ. of Bristol, Queens Road, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, UK
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Gilbert PUPA, Bergmann KD, Boekelheide N, Tambutté S, Mass T, Marin F, Adkins JF, Erez J, Gilbert B, Knutson V, Cantine M, Hernández JO, Knoll AH. Biomineralization: Integrating mechanism and evolutionary history. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl9653. [PMID: 35263127 PMCID: PMC8906573 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl9653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) biomineralizing organisms have played major roles in the history of life and the global carbon cycle during the past 541 Ma. Both marine diversification and mass extinctions reflect physiological responses to environmental changes through time. An integrated understanding of carbonate biomineralization is necessary to illuminate this evolutionary record and to understand how modern organisms will respond to 21st century global change. Biomineralization evolved independently but convergently across phyla, suggesting a unity of mechanism that transcends biological differences. In this review, we combine CaCO3 skeleton formation mechanisms with constraints from evolutionary history, omics, and a meta-analysis of isotopic data to develop a plausible model for CaCO3 biomineralization applicable to all phyla. The model provides a framework for understanding the environmental sensitivity of marine calcifiers, past mass extinctions, and resilience in 21st century acidifying oceans. Thus, it frames questions about the past, present, and future of CaCO3 biomineralizing organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pupa U. P. A. Gilbert
- Departments of Physics, Chemistry, Geoscience, and Materials Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Corresponding author. (P.U.P.A.G.); (A.H.K.)
| | - Kristin D. Bergmann
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Nicholas Boekelheide
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sylvie Tambutté
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Marine Biology, 98000 Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Tali Mass
- University of Haifa, Marine Biology Department, Mt. Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel
| | - Frédéric Marin
- Université de Bourgogne–Franche-Comté (UBFC), Laboratoire Biogéosciences, UMR CNRS 6282, Bâtiment des Sciences Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jess F. Adkins
- Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-23, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Jonathan Erez
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute of Earth Sciences, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Benjamin Gilbert
- Energy Geoscience Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Vanessa Knutson
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Marjorie Cantine
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Javier Ortega Hernández
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Andrew H. Knoll
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Corresponding author. (P.U.P.A.G.); (A.H.K.)
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8
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The effects of low pH on the taste and amino acid composition of tiger shrimp. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21180. [PMID: 34707152 PMCID: PMC8551290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00612-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research has revealed that shrimp sensory quality may be affected by ocean acidification but we do not exactly know why. Here we conducted controlled pH exposure experiments on adult tiger shrimp, which were kept in 1000-L tanks continuously supplied with coastal seawater. We compared survival rate, carapace properties and flesh sensory properties and amino acid composition of shrimp exposed to pH 7.5 and pH 8.0 treatments for 28 days. Shrimp reared at pH 7.5 had a lower amino acid content (17.6% w/w) than those reared at pH 8.0 (19.5% w/w). Interestingly, the amino acids responsible for the umami taste, i.e. glutamate and aspartic acid, were present at significantly lower levels in the pH 7.5 than the pH 8.0 shrimp, and the pH 7.5 shrimp were also rated as less desirable in a blind quality test by 40 volunteer assessors. These results indicate that tiger shrimp may become less palatable in the future due to a lower production of some amino acids. Finally, tiger shrimp also had a lower survival rate over 28 days at pH 7.5 than at pH 8.0 (73% vs. 81%) suggesting that ocean acidification may affect both the quality and quantity of future shrimp resources.
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9
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Calcification in free-living coralline algae is strongly influenced by morphology: Implications for susceptibility to ocean acidification. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11232. [PMID: 34045570 PMCID: PMC8160205 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90632-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodolith beds built by free-living coralline algae are important ecosystems for marine biodiversity and carbonate production. Yet, our mechanistic understanding regarding rhodolith physiology and its drivers is still limited. Using three rhodolith species with different branching morphologies, we investigated the role of morphology in species’ physiology and the implications for their susceptibility to ocean acidification (OA). For this, we determined the effects of thallus topography on diffusive boundary layer (DBL) thickness, the associated microscale oxygen and pH dynamics and their relationship with species’ metabolic and light and dark calcification rates, as well as species’ responses to short-term OA exposure. Our results show that rhodolith branching creates low-flow microenvironments that exhibit increasing DBL thickness with increasing branch length. This, together with species’ metabolic rates, determined the light-dependent pH dynamics at the algal surface, which in turn dictated species’ calcification rates. While these differences did not translate in species-specific responses to short-term OA exposure, the differences in the magnitude of diurnal pH fluctuations (~ 0.1–1.2 pH units) between species suggest potential differences in phenotypic plasticity to OA that may result in different susceptibilities to long-term OA exposure, supporting the general view that species’ ecomechanical characteristics must be considered for predicting OA responses.
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10
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Ulrich RN, Guillermic M, Campbell J, Hakim A, Han R, Singh S, Stewart JD, Román-Palacios C, Carroll HM, De Corte I, Gilmore RE, Doss W, Tripati A, Ries JB, Eagle RA. Patterns of Element Incorporation in Calcium Carbonate Biominerals Recapitulate Phylogeny for a Diverse Range of Marine Calcifiers. FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE 2021; 9:641760. [PMID: 36381649 PMCID: PMC9645792 DOI: 10.3389/feart.2021.641760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Elemental ratios in biogenic marine calcium carbonates are widely used in geobiology, environmental science, and paleoenvironmental reconstructions. It is generally accepted that the elemental abundance of biogenic marine carbonates reflects a combination of the abundance of that ion in seawater, the physical properties of seawater, the mineralogy of the biomineral, and the pathways and mechanisms of biomineralization. Here we report measurements of a suite of nine elemental ratios (Li/Ca, B/Ca, Na/Ca, Mg/Ca, Zn/Ca, Sr/Ca, Cd/Ca, Ba/Ca, and U/Ca) in 18 species of benthic marine invertebrates spanning a range of biogenic carbonate polymorph mineralogies (low-Mg calcite, high-Mg calcite, aragonite, mixed mineralogy) and of phyla (including Mollusca, Echinodermata, Arthropoda, Annelida, Cnidaria, Chlorophyta, and Rhodophyta) cultured at a single temperature (25°C) and a range of pCO2 treatments (ca. 409, 606, 903, and 2856 ppm). This dataset was used to explore various controls over elemental partitioning in biogenic marine carbonates, including species-level and biomineralization-pathway-level controls, the influence of internal pH regulation compared to external pH changes, and biocalcification responses to changes in seawater carbonate chemistry. The dataset also enables exploration of broad scale phylogenetic patterns of elemental partitioning across calcifying species, exhibiting high phylogenetic signals estimated from both uni- and multivariate analyses of the elemental ratio data (univariate: λ = 0-0.889; multivariate: λ = 0.895-0.99). Comparing partial R 2 values returned from non-phylogenetic and phylogenetic regression analyses echo the importance of and show that phylogeny explains the elemental ratio data 1.4-59 times better than mineralogy in five out of nine of the elements analyzed. Therefore, the strong associations between biomineral elemental chemistry and species relatedness suggests mechanistic controls over element incorporation rooted in the evolution of biomineralization mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert N. Ulrich
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Maxence Guillermic
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Julia Campbell
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rachel Han
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shayleen Singh
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Justin D. Stewart
- Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cristian Román-Palacios
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Hannah M. Carroll
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ilian De Corte
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Plouzané, France
| | - Rosaleen E. Gilmore
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Whitney Doss
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Plouzané, France
| | - Aradhna Tripati
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Plouzané, France
- American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Justin B. Ries
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robert A. Eagle
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Plouzané, France
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11
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Dichotomy between Regulation of Coral Bacterial Communities and Calcification Physiology under Ocean Acidification Conditions. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:AEM.02189-20. [PMID: 33419736 PMCID: PMC8105028 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02189-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) threatens the growth and function of coral reef ecosystems. A key component to coral health is the microbiome, but little is known about the impact of OA on coral microbiomes. A submarine CO2 vent at Maug Island in the Northern Mariana Islands provides a natural pH gradient to investigate coral responses to long-term OA conditions. Three coral species (Pocillopora eydouxi, Porites lobata, and Porites rus) were sampled from three sites where the mean seawater pH is 8.04, 7.98, and 7.94. We characterized coral bacterial communities (using 16S rRNA gene sequencing) and determined pH of the extracellular calcifying fluid (ECF) (using skeletal boron isotopes) across the seawater pH gradient. Bacterial communities of both Porites species stabilized (decreases in community dispersion) with decreased seawater pH, coupled with large increases in the abundance of Endozoicomonas, an endosymbiont. P. lobata experienced a significant decrease in ECF pH near the vent, whereas P. rus experienced a trending decrease in ECF pH near the vent. In contrast, Pocillopora exhibited bacterial community destabilization (increases in community dispersion), with significant decreases in Endozoicomonas abundance, while its ECF pH remained unchanged across the pH gradient. Our study shows that OA has multiple consequences on Endozoicomonas abundance and suggests that Endozoicomonas abundance may be an indicator of coral response to OA. We reveal an interesting dichotomy between two facets of coral physiology (regulation of bacterial communities and regulation of calcification), highlighting the importance of multidisciplinary approaches to understanding coral health and function in a changing ocean.IMPORTANCE Ocean acidification (OA) is a consequence of anthropogenic CO2 emissions that is negatively impacting marine ecosystems such as coral reefs. OA affects many aspects of coral physiology, including growth (i.e., calcification) and disrupting associated bacterial communities. Coral-associated bacteria are important for host health, but it remains unclear how coral-associated bacterial communities will respond to future OA conditions. We document changes in coral-associated bacterial communities and changes to calcification physiology with long-term exposure to decreases in seawater pH that are environmentally relevant under midrange IPCC emission scenarios (0.1 pH units). We also find species-specific responses that may reflect different responses to long-term OA. In Pocillopora, calcification physiology was highly regulated despite changing seawater conditions. In Porites spp., changes in bacterial communities do not reflect a breakdown of coral-bacterial symbiosis. Insights into calcification and host-microbe interactions are critical to predicting the health and function of different coral taxa to future OA conditions.
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Guillermic M, Cameron LP, De Corte I, Misra S, Bijma J, de Beer D, Reymond CE, Westphal H, Ries JB, Eagle RA. Thermal stress reduces pocilloporid coral resilience to ocean acidification by impairing control over calcifying fluid chemistry. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/2/eaba9958. [PMID: 33523983 PMCID: PMC7793579 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba9958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The combination of thermal stress and ocean acidification (OA) can more negatively affect coral calcification than an individual stressors, but the mechanism behind this interaction is unknown. We used two independent methods (microelectrode and boron geochemistry) to measure calcifying fluid pH (pHcf) and carbonate chemistry of the corals Pocillopora damicornis and Stylophora pistillata grown under various temperature and pCO2 conditions. Although these approaches demonstrate that they record pHcf over different time scales, they reveal that both species can cope with OA under optimal temperatures (28°C) by elevating pHcf and aragonite saturation state (Ωcf) in support of calcification. At 31°C, neither species elevated these parameters as they did at 28°C and, likewise, could not maintain substantially positive calcification rates under any pH treatment. These results reveal a previously uncharacterized influence of temperature on coral pHcf regulation-the apparent mechanism behind the negative interaction between thermal stress and OA on coral calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxence Guillermic
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, 520 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 595 Charles Young Drive E, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, LGO, Rue Dumont d'Urville, Université de Brest Occidentale, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Louise P Cameron
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, 430 Nahant Rd, Nahant, MA 01908, USA
- McLean Laboratory, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,360 Woods Hole Rd, Falmouth, MA 02543, USA
- The Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ilian De Corte
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, 520 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 595 Charles Young Drive E, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sambuddha Misra
- Centre for Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
- The Godwin Laboratory for Palaeoclimate Research, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jelle Bijma
- Marine Biogeosciences, Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Dirk de Beer
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Claire E Reymond
- The Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (CUG), 388 Lumo Rd, Hongshan, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Hildegard Westphal
- The Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Department of Geosciences, Bremen University, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Justin B Ries
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, 430 Nahant Rd, Nahant, MA 01908, USA
- The Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Robert A Eagle
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, 520 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 595 Charles Young Drive E, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, LGO, Rue Dumont d'Urville, Université de Brest Occidentale, 29280, Plouzané, France
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