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Kushal A, Springborn MR, Valdovinos FS. Assessing impacts of bycatch policies and fishers' heterogeneous information on food webs and fishery sustainability. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230181. [PMID: 39034693 PMCID: PMC11293854 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) has emerged as a promising framework for understanding and managing the long-term interactions between fisheries and the larger marine ecosystems in which they are nested. However, successful implementation of EBFM has been elusive because we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the network of interacting species in marine ecosystems (the food web) and the dynamic relationship between the food web and the humans who harvest those ecosystems. Here, we advance such understanding by developing a network framework that integrates the complexity of food webs with the economic dynamics of different management policies. Specifically, we generate hundreds of different food web models with 20-30 species, each harvested by five different fishers extracting the biomass of a target and a bycatch species, subject to two different management scenarios and exhibiting different information in terms of avoiding bycatch when harvesting the target species. We assess the different ecological and economic consequences of these policy alternatives as species extinctions and profit from sustaining the fishery. We present the results of different policies relative to a benchmark open access scenario where there are no management policies in place. The framework of our network model would allow policymakers to evaluate different management approaches without compromising on the ecological complexities of a fishery.This article is part of the theme issue 'Connected interactions: enriching food web research by spatial and social interactions'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Appilineni Kushal
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of California, Davis, CA95616, USA
| | - Michael R. Springborn
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA95616, USA
| | - Fernanda S. Valdovinos
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA95616, USA
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Valdovinos FS, Bodini A, Jordán F. Connected interactions: enriching food web research by spatial and social interactions. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230163. [PMID: 39034705 PMCID: PMC11293845 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This theme issue features 18 papers exploring ecological interactions, encompassing metabolic, social, and spatial connections alongside traditional trophic networks. This integration enriches food web research, offering insights into ecological dynamics. By examining links across organisms, populations, and ecosystems, a hierarchical approach emerges, connecting horizontal effects within organizational levels vertically across biological organization levels. The inclusion of interactions involving humans is a key focus, highlighting the need for their integration into ecology given the complex interactions between human activities and ecological systems in the Anthropocene. The comprehensive exploration in this theme issue sheds light on the interconnectedness of ecological systems and the importance of considering diverse interactions in understanding ecosystem dynamics. This article is part of the theme issue 'Connected interactions: enriching food web research by spatial and social interactions'.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Bodini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Ferenc Jordán
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Duckwall C, Largier JL, Wieters EA, Valdovinos FS. Modeling time-varying phytoplankton subsidy reveals at-risk species in a Chilean intertidal ecosystem. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6995. [PMID: 38523196 PMCID: PMC10961311 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57108-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The allometric trophic network (ATN) framework for modeling population dynamics has provided numerous insights into ecosystem functioning in recent years. Herein we extend ATN modeling of the intertidal ecosystem off central Chile to include empirical data on pelagic chlorophyll-a concentration. This intertidal community requires subsidy of primary productivity to support its rich ecosystem. Previous work models this subsidy using a constant rate of phytoplankton input to the system. However, data shows pelagic subsidies exhibit highly variable, pulse-like behavior. The primary contribution of our work is incorporating this variable input into ATN modeling to simulate how this ecosystem may respond to pulses of pelagic phytoplankton. Our model results show that: (1) closely related sea snails respond differently to phytoplankton variability, which is explained by the underlying network structure of the food web; (2) increasing the rate of pelagic-intertidal mixing increases fluctuations in species' biomasses that may increase the risk of local extirpation; (3) predators are the most sensitive species to phytoplankton biomass fluctuations, putting these species at greater risk of extirpation than others. Finally, our work provides a straightforward way to incorporate empirical, time-series data into the ATN framework that will expand this powerful methodology to new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Duckwall
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, Wickson Hall, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- Graduate Group in Applied Mathematics, University of California, Davis, Mathematical Sciences Building, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - John L Largier
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, Wickson Hall, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California, Davis, 2099 Westshore Drive, Bodega Bay, CA, 94923, USA
| | - Evie A Wieters
- Estación Costera de Investigaciones Marinas and Millennium Nucleus for the Ecology and Conservation of Temperate Mesophotic Reef Ecosystems (NUTME), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Osvaldo Marin 1672, Las Cruces, Chile
| | - Fernanda S Valdovinos
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, Wickson Hall, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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Valdovinos FS, Hale KRS, Dritz S, Glaum PR, McCann KS, Simon SM, Thébault E, Wetzel WC, Wootton KL, Yeakel JD. A bioenergetic framework for aboveground terrestrial food webs. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:301-312. [PMID: 36437144 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bioenergetic approaches have been greatly influential for understanding community functioning and stability and predicting effects of environmental changes on biodiversity. These approaches use allometric relationships to establish species' trophic interactions and consumption rates and have been successfully applied to aquatic ecosystems. Terrestrial ecosystems, where body mass is less predictive of plant-consumer interactions, present inherent challenges that these models have yet to meet. Here, we discuss the processes governing terrestrial plant-consumer interactions and develop a bioenergetic framework integrating those processes. Our framework integrates bioenergetics specific to terrestrial plants and their consumers within a food web approach while also considering mutualistic interactions. Such a framework is poised to advance our understanding of terrestrial food webs and to predict their responses to environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda S Valdovinos
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Kayla R S Hale
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sabine Dritz
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Paul R Glaum
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kevin S McCann
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Sophia M Simon
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Elisa Thébault
- Sorbonne Université, UPEC, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Paris, France
| | - William C Wetzel
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kate L Wootton
- BioFrontiers Institute at the University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Justin D Yeakel
- Department of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
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Limited effects of size-selective harvesting and harvesting-induced life-history changes on the temporal variability of biomass dynamics in complex food webs. Ecol Modell 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Jordán F. The network perspective: Vertical connections linking organizational levels. Ecol Modell 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Alteration of coastal productivity and artisanal fisheries interact to affect a marine food web. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1765. [PMID: 33469119 PMCID: PMC7815714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81392-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Top-down and bottom-up forces determine ecosystem function and dynamics. Fisheries as a top-down force can shorten and destabilize food webs, while effects driven by climate change can alter the bottom-up forces of primary productivity. We assessed the response of a highly-resolved intertidal food web to these two global change drivers, using network analysis and bioenergetic modelling. We quantified the relative importance of artisanal fisheries as another predator species, and evaluated the independent and combined effects of fisheries and changes in plankton productivity on food web dynamics. The food web was robust to the loss of all harvested species but sensitive to the decline in plankton productivity. Interestingly, fisheries dampened the negative impacts of decreasing plankton productivity on non-harvested species by reducing the predation pressure of harvested consumers on non-harvested resources, and reducing the interspecific competition between harvested and non-harvested basal species. In contrast, the decline in plankton productivity increased the sensitivity of harvested species to fishing by reducing the total productivity of the food web. Our results show that strategies for new scenarios caused by climate change are needed to protect marine ecosystems and the wellbeing of local communities dependent on their resources.
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