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Chen J, Feng S, Lai H, Lu Y, Liu W, Wu X, Wen Z. Interface Ionic/Electronic Redistribution Driven by Conversion-Alloy Reaction for High-Performance Solid-State Sodium Batteries. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301201. [PMID: 38169106 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
NASICON-type Na+ conductors show a great potential to realize high performance and safety for solid-state sodium metal batteries (SSSMBs) owing to their superior ionic conductivity, high chemical stability, and low cost. However, the interfacial incompatibility and sodium dendrite hazards still hinder its applications. Herein, a conversion-alloy reaction-induced interface ionic/electronic redistribution strategy, constructing a gradient sodiophilic and electron-blocking interphase consisting of sodium-tin (Na-Sn) alloy and sodium fluoride (NaF) between NASICON ceramic electrolyte and Na anode is proposed. The NaxSny alloy-rich layer near the side of the sodium electrode acts as a superior conductor to enhance the anodic sodium-ion transport dynamics while the NaF-rich layer near the side of the ceramic electrolyte serves as an electron insulator to confine the interfacial electron turning ability, achieving uniform and dendrite-free Na deposition during the cycling. Profiting from the synergistic effect of the gradient interphase, the critical current density (CCD) of the assembled Na symmetric cell is significantly increased to 1.7 mA cm-2 and the cycling stability of that is as high as 1200 h at 0.5 mA cm-2. Moreover, quasi-solid-state sodium batteries with both Na3V2(PO4)3 and NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode display outstanding electrochemical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Sheng Feng
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Hongjian Lai
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Yan Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wuhan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhaoyin Wen
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Zhu F, Xu L, Hu X, Yang M, Liu H, Gan C, Deng W, Zou G, Hou H, Ji X. Trace Fluorinated Carbon Dots Driven Li-Garnet Solid-State Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202410016. [PMID: 38896116 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202410016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Garnet solid-state electrolyte Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (LLZTO) holds significant promise. However, the practical utilization has been seriously impeded by the poor contact of Li|garnet and electron leakage. Herein, one new type of garnet-based solid-state battery is proposed with high performance through the disparity in interfacial energy, induced by the reaction between trace fluorinated carbon dots (FCDs) and Li. The work of adhesion of Li|garnet is increased by the acquired Li-FCD composite, which facilitates an intimate Li|garnet interface with the promoted uniform Li+ deposition, revealed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It is further validated that a concentrated C-Li2O-LiF component at the Li|garnet interface is spontaneously constructed, due to the significant disparity in interfacial energy between C-Li2O-LiF|LLZTO and C-Li2O-LiF|Li. Furthermore, The electron transport and Li dendrites penetration are effectively hindered by the formed Li2O and LiF. The Li-FCD|LLZTO|Li-FCD symmetrical cells demonstrate stable cycling performance for over 3000 hours at 0.3 mA cm-2 and 800 hours at 0.5 mA cm-2. Furthermore, the LFP|garnet|Li-FCD full cell exhibits remarkable cycling performance (91.6 % capacity retention after 500 cycles at 1 C). Our research has revealed a novel approach to establish a dendrite-free Li|garnet interface, laying the groundwork for future advancements in garnet-based solid-state batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Laiqiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Mushi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Huaxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Chaolun Gan
- Zhangjiagang Guotai Huarong New Chemical Materials Co., Ltd, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
| | - Wentao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Guoqiang Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Hongshuai Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xiaobo Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
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Feng W, Zhao Y, Xia Y. Solid Interfaces for the Garnet Electrolytes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306111. [PMID: 38216304 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) have attracted extensive interests due to the advantages in developing secondary batteries with high energy density and outstanding safety. Possessing high ionic conductivity and the lowest reduction potential among the state-of-the-art SSEs, the garnet type SSE is one of the most promising candidates to achieve high performance solid-state lithium batteries (SSLBs). However, the elastic modulus of the garnet electrolyte leads to deteriorated interfacial contacts, and the increasing in electronic conduction at either anode/garnet interface or grain boundary results in Li dendrite growth. Here, recent developments of the solid interfaces for the garnet electrolytes, including the strategies of Li dendrite suppression and interfacial chemical/electrochemical/mechanical stabilizations are presented. A new viewpoint of the double edges of interfacial lithiophobicity is proposed, and the rational design of the interphases, as well as effective stacking methods of the garnet-based SSLBs are summarized. Moreover, practical roles of the garnet electrolyte in SSLB industry are also discussed. This work delivers insights into the solid interfaces for the garnet electrolytes, which provides not only the promotion of the garnet-based SSLBs, but also a comprehensive understanding of the interfacial stabilization for the whole SSE family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuliang Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- College of Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Energy, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yufeng Zhao
- College of Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Energy, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yongyao Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Bai X, Zhao G, Yang G, Wang M, Chen Z, Zhang N. Titanium-Oxygen Clusters Brazing Li with Li 6.5La 3Zr 1.5Ta 0.5O 12 for High-Performance All-Solid-State Li Batteries. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:7934-7940. [PMID: 37624088 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Garnet-based solid-state electrolytes are considered crucial candidates for solid-state Li batteries due to their high Li+ conductivity and nonflammability; however, poor interfacial contact with the Li anode and growth of Li dendrites limit their application. Herein, a high-activity titanium-oxygen cluster is used as a brazing filler to braze the Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (LLZTO) with an Li anode into the whole unit. The brazing layer leads to a significantly lower interfacial impedance of 8.32 Ω cm2. Furthermore, the brazing layer is an isotropic amorphous ion-electron hybrid conductive layer, which significantly promotes Li+ transport and regulates the distribution of the electric field, therefore inhibiting the growth of Li dendrites. The cell exhibits an ultrahigh critical current density of 2.3 mA cm-2 and stable cycling of over 4000 h at 0.5 mA cm-2 (25 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiye Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyu Chen
- Space Environment Simulation Research Infrastructure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150006, People's Republic of China
| | - Naiqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
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Sun B, Zheng W, Kang C, Xie B, Qian Z, Wang Y, Ye S, Lou S, Kong F, Mei B, Du C, Zuo P, Xie J, Yin G. Tailoring the p-Band Center of NS Pair for Accelerating High-Performance Lithium-Oxygen Battery. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207461. [PMID: 36861365 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The local coordination environment of catalytical moieties directly determines the performance of electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices, such as Li-O2 batteries (LOBs) cathode. However, understanding how the coordinative structure affects the performance, especially for non-metal system, is still insufficient. Herein, a strategy that introduces S-anion to tailor the electronic structure of nitrogen-carbon catalyst (SNC) is proposed to improve the LOBs performance. This study unveils that the introduced S-anion effectively manipulates the p-band center of pyridinic-N moiety, substantially reducing the battery overpotential by accelerating the generation and decomposition of intermediate products Li1-3 O4 . The lower adsorption energy of discharging product Li2 O2 on NS pair accounts for the long-term cyclic stability by exposing the high active area under operation condition. This work demonstrates an encouraging strategy to enhance LOBs performance by modulating the p-band center on non-metal active sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyu Sun
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zheng
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Cong Kang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Bingxing Xie
- School of New Energy, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Jiangyin, 214443, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyi Qian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yijie Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Ye
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Shuaifeng Lou
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Fanpeng Kong
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - BingBao Mei
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai, 200000, P. R. China
| | - Chunyu Du
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Pengjian Zuo
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Jingying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai, 200245, P. R. China
| | - Geping Yin
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
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Chen Y, Qian J, Hu X, Ma Y, Li Y, Xue T, Yu T, Li L, Wu F, Chen R. Constructing a Uniform and Stable Mixed Conductive Layer to Stabilize the Solid-State Electrolyte/Li Interface by Cold Bonding at Mild Conditions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2212096. [PMID: 36841246 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202212096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Garnet-type Li6.4 La3 Zr1.4 Ta0.6 O12 (LLZ) electrolyte is a promising candidate for high-performance solid-state batteries, while its applications are hindered by interfacial problems. Although the utilization of functional coatings and molten lithium (Li) effectively solves the LLZ interfacial compatibility problem with Li metal, it poses problems such as high cost, high danger, and structural damage. Herein, a mixed conductive layer (MCL) is introduced at the LLZ/Li interface (RT-MCL) via an in situ cold bonding process at room temperature. Such a stable and compact RT-MCL can effectively suppress side reactions and protect the crystal structure of LLZ, and it also inhibits growth of Li dendrites and promotes uniform Li deposition. The critical current density (CCD) of the Li symmetric cell composed of RT-MCL-LLZ is increased to 1.8 mA cm-2 and provides stable cycling performance over 2000 h under 0.5 mA cm-2 . Additionally, this in situ cold bonding treatment can significantly reduce cost and eliminate potential safety issues caused by the high-temperature processing of Li metal. This work highlights tremendous potential of this cold bonding technique in the reasonable design and optimization of the LLZ/Li interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ji Qian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250300, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yitian Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Yu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tianyang Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tianyang Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
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Liang Y, Shen C, Liu H, Wang C, Li D, Zhao X, Fan LZ. Tailoring Conversion-Reaction-Induced Alloy Interlayer for Dendrite-Free Sulfide-Based All-Solid-State Lithium-Metal Battery. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2300985. [PMID: 37083269 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Utilization of lithium (Li) metal anodes in all-solid-state batteries employing sulfide solid electrolytes is hindered by diffusion-related dendrite growth at high rates of charge. Engineering ex-situ Li-intermetallic interlayers derived from a facile solution-based conversion-alloy reaction is attractive for bypassing the Li0 self-diffusion restriction. However, no correlation is established between the properties of conversion-reaction-induced (CRI) interlayers and the deposition behavior of Li0 in all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries (ASSLBs). Herein, using a control set of electrochemical characterization experiments with LixAgy as the interlayer in different battery chemistries, this work identifies that dendritic tolerance in ASSLBs is susceptible to the surface roughness and electronic conductivity of the CRI-alloy interlayer. This work thereby tailors the CRI-alloy interlayer from the typical mosaic structure to a hierarchical gradient structure by adjusting the pit corrosion kinetics from the (de)solvation mechanism to an adsorption model, yielding a smooth organic-rich outer layer and a composition-regulated inorganic-rich inner layer composed mainly of lithiophilic LixAgy and electron-insulating LiF. Ultimately, desirable roughness, conductivity, and diffusivity are integrated simultaneously into the tailored CRI-alloy interlayer, resulting in dendrite-free and dense Li deposition beneath the interlayer capable of improving battery cycling stability. This work provides a rational protocol for the CRI-alloy interlayer specialized for ASSLBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Liang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chen Shen
- Institute of Materials Science, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64 287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Hong Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dabing Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Li-Zhen Fan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
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Zuo Y, Shang H, Hao J, Song J, Ning F, Zhang K, He L, Xia D. Regulating the Potential of Anion Redox to Reduce the Voltage Hysteresis of Li-Rich Cathode Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5174-5182. [PMID: 36757130 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Layered Li-rich oxides (LROs) that exhibit anionic and cationic redox are extensively studied due to their high energy storage capacities. However, voltage hysteresis, which reduces the energy conversion efficiency of the battery, is a critical limitation in the commercial application of LROs. Herein, using two Li2RuO3 (LRO) model materials with C2/c and P21/m symmetries, we explored the relationship between voltage hysteresis and the electronic structure of Li2RuO3 by neutron diffraction, in situ X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, macro magnetic study, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The charge-transfer band gap of the LRO cathode material with isolated eg electron filling decreases, reducing the oxidation potential of anion redox and thus displaying a reduced voltage hysteresis. We further synthesized Mn-based Li-rich cathode materials with practical significance and different electron spin states. Low-spin Li1.15Ni0.377Mn0.473O2 with isolated eg electron filling exhibited a reduced voltage hysteresis and high energy conversion efficiency. We rationalized this finding via density functional theory calculations. This discovery should provide critical guidance in designing and preparing high-energy layered Li-rich cathode materials for use in next-generation high-energy-density Li-ion batteries based on anion redox activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Zuo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Huaifang Shang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Jiazheng Hao
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
| | - Jin Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fanghua Ning
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lunhua He
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
| | - Dingguo Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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