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Zhou X, Zhang J, Luo H, Zhang Y, Tang S, Huang H, Yuan X, Song M, Qi H, Zhang D. Lead-free ferroelectrics with giant unipolar strain for high-precision actuators. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6625. [PMID: 39103339 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51082-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The trade-off between electrostrain and strain hysteresis for piezo/ferroelectric materials largely restrains the development of high precision actuators and remains unresolved over the past few decades. Here, a simple composition of (Bi0.5Na0.5)1-x/100Srx/100TiO3 in the ergodic relaxor state is collaboratively designed through the segregated domain structure with the ferroelectric core, local polarization heterogeneity, and defect engineering. The ferroelectric core can act as a seed to facilitate the field-induced nonpolar-to-polar transition. Together with the internal bias field caused by defect dipoles and adjusted through electric field cycling and heat treatment technology, a giant unipolar strain of 1.03% is achieved in the x = 30 ceramic with a low hysteresis of 27%, while the electric-field-independent large-signal piezoelectric strain coefficient of ~1000 pm/V and ultralow hysteresis of <10% can be obtained in the x = 35 ceramic. Intriguingly, the low-hysteresis high strain also exhibits near-zero remnant strain, excellent temperature and cycling stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Hang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Shiyu Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Houbing Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xi Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Miao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China.
| | - He Qi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Dou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China.
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2
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Wang J, Wang B, Zhang H, Zhang S, Guo Y. Ultrahigh Electrobending Deformation in Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramics via Defect Concentration Gradient Design. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404682. [PMID: 38875475 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in defect-engineered lead-free piezoelectric ceramics have reported remarkable electrostrain values, surpassing the limit of lattice distortion. This has aroused wide concern on bending deformation and the associated underlying mechanism. Herein, via designing lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with varying volatilization characteristics, it is uncovered that the ultrahigh electrobending deformation is primarily attributed to a large strain gradient induced by unevenly distributed defect dipoles. In 0.5 mm thick Sr/Sn co-doped potassium sodium niobate ceramics featuring volatile K/Na elements, the inherent bipolar electrostrain value can reach 0.3% at 20 kV cm-1 due to the existence of defect dipoles, while the gradient distribution of defect dipole generates significant bending displacement, amplifying apparent electrostrain value to 1.1%. Notably, nonvolatile Ba0.99TiO2.99 ceramic with homogeneous defect dipole distribution does not present electrobending. Of particular interest is that the electrobending phenomenon can be observed through introducing a defect dipole gradient into barium titanate ceramic. A monolayer ceramic with defect dipole gradient can generate large tip displacement (±1.5 mm) in cantilever structure, demonstrating its promising potential in precise positioning. This study delves into the underlying mechanism driving electrobending deformation and its impact on the apparent electrostrain measurement in defect-engineered piezoelectric ceramics, providing fresh perspectives for the development of piezoelectric bending actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Binquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
| | - Yiping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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3
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Tian S, Wang B, Li B, Guo Y, Zhang S, Dai Y. Defect dipole stretching enables ultrahigh electrostrain. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn2829. [PMID: 38985865 PMCID: PMC11235158 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn2829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Piezoelectric actuators have been extensively utilized as micro-displacement devices because of their advantages of large output displacement, high sensitivity, and immunity to electromagnetic interference. Here, we propose a straightforward approach to design <110>-oriented defect dipoles by introducing A-site vacancies and oxygen vacancies in (K0.48Na0.52)0.99NbO2.995 ceramics. As a result, we achieve ultrahigh electrostrains of 0.7% at 20 kV cm-1 (with an effective piezoelectric strain coefficient d33* = 3500 pm V-1), outperforming the performance of existing piezoelectric ceramics at the same driving field. The exceptional electrostrain is primarily attributed to the large stretching of defect dipoles when subjected to an applied electric field, a phenomenon that has been experimentally confirmed. Moreover, the strong interaction between these defect dipoles and <110> spontaneous polarizations plays a critical role in minimizing hysteresis and ensuring excellent fatigue resistance. Our findings present a practical and effective strategy for developing high-performance piezoelectric materials tailored for advanced actuator applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Tian
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
| | - Binquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
| | - Yiping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Yejing Dai
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
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4
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Zhang P, Li Q, Li Z, Shi X, Wang H, Huo C, Zhou L, Kuang X, Lin K, Cao Y, Deng J, Yu C, Chen X, Miao J, Xing X. Intrinsic-strain-induced ferroelectric order and ultrafine nanodomains in SrTiO 3. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2400568121. [PMID: 38857392 PMCID: PMC11194550 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2400568121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nano ferroelectrics holds the potential application promise in information storage, electro-mechanical transformation, and novel catalysts but encounters a huge challenge of size limitation and manufacture complexity on the creation of long-range ferroelectric ordering. Herein, as an incipient ferroelectric, nanosized SrTiO3 was indued with polarized ordering at room temperature from the nonpolar cubic structure, driven by the intrinsic three-dimensional (3D) tensile strain. The ferroelectric behavior can be confirmed by piezoelectric force microscopy and the ferroelectric TO1 soft mode was verified with the temperature stability to 500 K. Its structural origin comes from the off-center shift of Ti atom to oxygen octahedron and forms the ultrafine head-to-tail connected 90° nanodomains about 2 to 3 nm, resulting in an overall spontaneous polarization toward the short edges of nanoparticles. According to the density functional theory calculations and phase-field simulations, the 3D strain-related dipole displacement transformed from [001] to [111] and segmentation effect on the ferroelectric domain were further proved. The topological ferroelectric order induced by intrinsic 3D tensile strain shows a unique approach to get over the nanosized limitation in nanodevices and construct the strong strain-polarization coupling, paving the way for the design of high-performance and free-assembled ferroelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixi Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
| | - Zhiguo Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
| | - Xiaoming Shi
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
| | - Chuanrui Huo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
| | - Lihui Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai200237, China
| | - Xiaojun Kuang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin541006, China
| | - Kun Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
| | - Yili Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
| | - Jinxia Deng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
| | - Chengyi Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
| | - Jun Miao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
| | - Xianran Xing
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
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5
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Li T, Deng S, Liu H, Chen J. Insights into Strain Engineering: From Ferroelectrics to Related Functional Materials and Beyond. Chem Rev 2024; 124:7045-7105. [PMID: 38754042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Ferroelectrics have become indispensable components in various application fields, including information processing, energy harvesting, and electromechanical conversion, owing to their unique ability to exhibit electrically or mechanically switchable polarization. The distinct polar noncentrosymmetric lattices of ferroelectrics make them highly responsive to specific crystal structures. Even slight changes in the lattice can alter the polarization configuration and response to external fields. In this regard, strain engineering has emerged as a prevalent regulation approach that not only offers a versatile platform for structural and performance optimization within ferroelectrics but also unlocks boundless potential in various functional materials. In this review, we systematically summarize the breakthroughs in ferroelectric-based functional materials achieved through strain engineering and progress in method development. We cover research activities ranging from fundamental attributes to wide-ranging applications and novel functionalities ranging from electromechanical transformation in sensors and actuators to tunable dielectric materials and information technologies, such as transistors and nonvolatile memories. Building upon these achievements, we also explore the endeavors to uncover the unprecedented properties through strain engineering in related chemical functionalities, such as ferromagnetism, multiferroicity, and photoelectricity. Finally, through discussions on the prospects and challenges associated with strain engineering in the materials, this review aims to stimulate the development of new methods for strain regulation and performance boosting in functional materials, transcending the boundaries of ferroelectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Li
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shiqing Deng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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6
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Lin W, Li G, Qian J, Ge G, Wang S, Lin J, Lin J, Shen B, Zhai J. Achieving Ultrahigh Electrocaloric Response in (Bi 0.5Na 0.5)TiO 3-Based Ceramics through B-Site Defect Engineering. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13322-13332. [PMID: 38728221 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Lead-free electrocaloric (EC) ferroelectrics are considered ideal for the next generation of environmentally friendly solid-state refrigeration materials. However, their inferior performance compared to lead-based materials significantly restricts their potential application. According to phase-field simulations, it is predicted that the pinning effect of a moderate number of defects can effectively enhance the reversible polarization response associated with the entropy change. Herein, sodium-bismuth titanate (BNT) ceramics with high spontaneous polarization are selected to construct B-site defects by introducing Li+ and Nb5+. Under an electric field of 6 kV mm-1, ultrahigh EC temperature changes of ΔTpos = 1.77 and ΔTneg = 1.49 K are achieved at 65 °C by direct measurement (ΔTneg > 1 K over 55-120 °C). Furthermore, ΔTneg remains above 0.70 K in the temperature range from 25 to 130 °C, exhibiting immense potential for practical applications. This study offers a promising direction for optimizing the EC response in defect systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Guohui Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Jin Qian
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Guanglong Ge
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Simin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Jinfeng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Jimin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Jiwei Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
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7
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He X, Boda MA, Chen C, Dun R, Wang L, Bao Y, Pang D, Guo L, Zeng H, Li Y, Yi Z. Ultra-large electromechanical deformation in lead-free piezoceramics at reduced thickness. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:1079-1087. [PMID: 38093683 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01657a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Lead-free piezoceramics with large controllable deformations are highly desirable for numerous energy converter applications ranging from consumer electronics to medical microrobots. Although several new classes of high-performance ferroelectrics have been discovered, a universal strategy to enable various piezoceramics to realize large electromechanical deformations is still lacking. Herein, by gradually reducing the thickness from 0.5 mm to 0.1 mm, we discover that a large nominal electrostrain of ∼11.49% can be achieved in thin 0.937(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.063BaTiO3 (BNT-BT) ceramics with highly asymmetric strain-electric field curves. Further analyses of the polarization switching process reveal that the boosted strain curves originate from the bending deformation driven by asymmetric ferroelastic switching in the surface layers. Based on this, one monolayer BNT-BT was designed to realize digital displacement actuation and a scanning mirror application with a maximum mirror deflection angle of 44.38°. Moreover, the surface effect-induced bending deformation can be extended to other piezoceramics, accompanied by derived shape retention effects. These discoveries raise the possibility of utilizing thickness engineering to design large-displacement actuators and may accelerate the development of high-performance lead-free piezoceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang He
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Muzaffar Ahmad Boda
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
| | - Rongmin Dun
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yizheng Bao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
| | - Dongfang Pang
- College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Lin Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Huarong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongxiang Li
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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8
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Luo H, Sun Z, Zhang J, Xie H, Yao Y, Li T, Lou C, Zheng H, Wang N, Deng S, Zhu LF, Liu J, Neuefeind JC, Tucker MG, Tang M, Liu H, Chen J. Outstanding Energy-Storage Density Together with Efficiency of above 90% via Local Structure Design. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:460-467. [PMID: 38109256 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Dielectric ceramic capacitors with high recoverable energy density (Wrec) and efficiency (η) are of great significance in advanced electronic devices. However, it remains a challenge to achieve high Wrec and η parameters simultaneously. Herein, based on density functional theory calculations and local structure analysis, the feasibility of developing the aforementioned capacitors is demonstrated by considering Bi0.25Na0.25Ba0.5TiO3 (BNT-50BT) as a matrix material with large local polarization and structural distortion. Remarkable Wrec and η of 16.21 J/cm3 and 90.5% have been achieved in Bi0.25Na0.25Ba0.5Ti0.92Hf0.08O3 via simple chemical modification, which is the highest Wrec value among reported bulk ceramics with η greater than 90%. The examination results of local structures at lattice and atomic scales indicate that the disorderly polarization distribution and small nanoregion (∼3 nm) lead to low hysteresis and high efficiency. In turn, the drastic increase in local polarization activated via the ultrahigh electric field (80 kV/mm) leads to large polarization and superior energy storage density. Therefore, this study emphasizes that chemical design should be established on a clear understanding of the performance-related local structure to enable a targeted regulation of high-performance systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajie Luo
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Hailong Xie
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yonghao Yao
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chenjie Lou
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huashan Zheng
- Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shiqing Deng
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Li-Feng Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Joerg C Neuefeind
- Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Matthew G Tucker
- Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Mingxue Tang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100193, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
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9
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Tai D, Zhao X, Zheng T, Wu J. Establishing a Relationship between the Piezoelectric Response and Oxygen Vacancies in Lead-Free Piezoelectrics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37466288 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BiFeO3-BaTiO3 (BF-BT)-based lead-free piezoceramics are desired materials for high-temperature applications of piezoelectric sensors with a high Curie temperature and good piezoelectric properties. Recent studies have shown that oxygen vacancies have a significant effect on electrostrain and piezoelectric properties. Interestingly, two different phenomena exist, i.e., the increase in piezoelectric properties is often associated with a decrease in the concentration of oxygen vacancies, while the increase in electrostrain is often associated with an increase in the concentration of oxygen vacancies. Especially, for BF-based ceramics, the physical mechanisms related to property differences caused by oxygen vacancies are rarely reported, which needs further exploration. Here, two ceramics with differences in their oxygen vacancy concentrations are designed. Based on Rayleigh analysis, thermal/electric field-induced domain response (ferroelectric scaling), and macro-microstructural characterization, we can conclude that the transient piezoelectric response and the aging process are significantly affected by the oxygen vacancy concentration. In other words, the increasing concentration of oxygen vacancies in BF-BT ceramics enhances the reversible piezoelectric response contributed by lattice distortion and strengthens the response of domain switching and domain wall motion to electric and thermal fields but deteriorates their aging behavior, which leads to the degradation of piezoelectric performance. Besides, polarization saturation and defect pegging significantly improve the temperature stability of the strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deqing Tai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Ting Zheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jiagang Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
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10
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Wang Y, Wang P, Liu L, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Tian W, Liu X, Zhu F, Shi J. Defect Dipole Behaviors on the Strain Performances of Bismuth Sodium Titanate-Based Lead-Free Piezoceramics. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16114008. [PMID: 37297142 DOI: 10.3390/ma16114008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bismuth sodium titanate (BNT)-based, lead-free piezoelectric materials have been extensively studied due to their excellent strain characteristics and environmental friendliness. In BNTs, the large strain (S) usually requires a relatively large electric field (E) excitation, resulting in a low inverse piezoelectric coefficient d33* (S/E). Moreover, the hysteresis and fatigue of strain in these materials have also been bottlenecks impeding the applications. The current common regulation method is chemical modification, which mainly focuses on forming a solid solution near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) by adjusting the phase transition temperature of the materials, such as BNT-BaTiO3, BNT-Bi0.5K0.5TiO3, etc., to obtain a large strain. Additionally, the strain regulation based on the defects introduced by the acceptor, donor, or equivalent dopant or the nonstoichiometry has proven effective, but its underlying mechanism is still ambiguous. In this paper, we review the generation of strain and then discuss it from the domain, volume, and boundary effect perspectives to understand the defect dipole behavior. The asymmetric effect caused by the coupling between defect dipole polarization and ferroelectric spontaneous polarization is expounded. Moreover, the defect effect on the conductive and fatigue properties of BNT-based solid solutions is described, which will affect the strain characteristics. The optimization approach is appropriately evaluated while there are still challenges in the full understanding of the defect dipoles and their strain output, in which further efforts are needed to achieve new breakthroughs in atomic-level insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Pu Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Laijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal & Materials (MOE), College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Yuyin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Wenchao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Electronic Equipment Structure Design (MOE), School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Fangyuan Zhu
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Electronic Equipment Structure Design (MOE), School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
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Huangfu G, Chen J, Jiao J, Guo Y, Luo H. Ferroelectric-Ferroelastic Transitions in (Na 0.5Bi 0.5)TiO 3-BaTiO 3 Single Crystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:24614-24621. [PMID: 37163681 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The comprehensive understanding of (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-BaTiO3 (NBT-BT) lattice structure is highly desired to develop lead-free ferroelectric materials. However, most of the previous studies focused on the improvement of piezoelectric properties at room temperature, and many structural puzzles are left unclear. In this work, the lattice structure of a ferroelastic phase and the ferroelectric-ferroelastic transitions in both rhombohedral NBT and tetragonal NBT-8%BT single crystals are investigated in detail. Our results illustrate the complex process of the ferroelectric-ferroelastic transition of NBT. The variation of Ti-O modes and oxygen octahedra modes clearly indicates the gradual change of lattice symmetry from R3c to P4bm during a wide temperature range between 170 and 350 °C. A ferroelectric-ferroelastic transition is also confirmed in tetragonal NBT-8BT for the first time, and the lattice symmetry of P4bm is found to be maintained during the ferroelastic stage. This work reveals the lattice evolutions of the ferroelectric-ferroelastic transition of NBT-BT crystals and provides new insights for understanding the ferroelasticity and the evolution of phonon modes in a lead-free relaxor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Huangfu
- Artificial Crystal Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jianwei Chen
- Artificial Crystal Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Jie Jiao
- Artificial Crystal Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Yiping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Haosu Luo
- Artificial Crystal Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
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