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Chai R, Liu W, Li Z, Zhang Y, Wang H, Cheng H, Tian J, Chen S. Spatial Information Lasing Enabled by Full-k-Space Bound States in the Continuum. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:183801. [PMID: 38759196 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.183801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Optical amplification and massive information transfer in modern physics depend on stimulated radiation. However, regardless of traditional macroscopic lasers or emerging micro- and nanolasers, the information modulations are generally outside the lasing cavities. On the other hand, bound states in the continuum (BICs) with inherently enormous Q factors are limited to zero-dimensional singularities in momentum space. Here, we propose the concept of spatial information lasing, whose lasing information entropy can be correspondingly controlled by near-field Bragg coupling of guided modes. This concept is verified in gain-loss metamaterials supporting full-k-space BICs with both flexible manipulations and strong confinement of light fields. The counterintuitive high-dimensional BICs exist in a continuous energy band, which provide a versatile platform to precisely control each lasing Fourier component and, thus, can directly convey rich spatial information on the compact size. Single-mode operation achieved in our scheme ensures consistent and stable lasing information. Our findings can be expanded to different wave systems and open new scenarios in informational coherent amplification and high-Q physical frameworks for both classical and quantum applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoheng Chai
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wenwei Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhancheng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuebian Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Haonan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hua Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jianguo Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shuqi Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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2
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Shi J, Li M, Tang L, Li X, Jia X, Guo C, Bai H, Ma H, Wang X, Niu P, Weng J, Yao J. All-Dielectric Integrated Meta-Antenna Operating in 6G Terahertz Communication Window. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308958. [PMID: 38189638 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Efficient transceivers and antennas at terahertz frequencies are leading the development of 6G terahertz communication systems. The antenna design for high-resolution terahertz spatial sensing and communication remains challenging, while emergent metallic metasurface antennas can address this issue but often suffer from low efficiency and complex manufacturing. Here, an all-dielectric integrated meta-antenna operating in 6G terahertz communication window for high-efficiency beam focusing in the sub-wavelength scale is reported. With the antenna surface functionalized by metagrating arrays with asymmetric scattering patterns, the design and optimization methods are demonstrated with a physical size constraint. The highest manipulation and diffraction efficiencies achieve 84.1% and 48.1%. The commercially accessible fabrication method with low cost and easy to implement has been demonstrated for the meta-antenna by photocuring 3D printing. A filamentous focal spot is measured as 0.86λ with a long depth of focus of 25.3λ. Its application for integrated imaging and communication has been demonstrated. The proposed technical roadmap provides a general pathway for creating high-efficiency integrated meta-antennas with great potential in high-resolution 6G terahertz spatial sensing and communication applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Meiling Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Longhuang Tang
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Xianguo Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Xing Jia
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Cuijuan Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Hua Bai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Heli Ma
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Pingjuan Niu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and System, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Jidong Weng
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Jianquan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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3
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Satheesh A, Yang CM, Gaidhane V, Sood N, Goel N, Bozkurt S, Singh KK, Bhalla N. Unconventional Breathing Currents Far beyond the Quantum Tunneling Distances in Large-Gapped Nanoplasmonic Systems. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:3157-3164. [PMID: 38278135 PMCID: PMC10941250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c05133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in plasmonic nanoparticles propels the field of plasmo-electronics, holding promise for transformative optoelectronic devices through efficient light-to-current conversion. Plasmonic excitations strongly influence the charge distribution within nanoparticles, giving rise to electromagnetic fields that can significantly impact the macroscopic charge flows within the nanoparticle housing material. In this study, we present evidence of ultralow, unconventional breathing currents resulting from dynamic irradiance interactions between widely separated nanoparticles, extending far beyond conventional electron (quantum) tunneling distances. We develop an electric analogue model and derive an empirical expression to elucidate the generation of these unconventional breathing currents in cascaded nanoplasmonic systems under irradiance modulation. This technique and theoretical model have significant potential for applications requiring a deeper understanding of current dynamics, particularly on large nanostructured surfaces relevant to photocatalysis, energy harvesting, sensing, imaging, and the development of future photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind Satheesh
- Nanotechnology
and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast BT15 1AP, Northern
Ireland, United Kingdom
- Department
of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd, Guishan
District, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Chia-Ming Yang
- Department
of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd, Guishan
District, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
- Institute
of Electro-Optical Engineering, Chang Gung
University, No. 259,
Wenhua 1st Rd, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
(R.O.C.)
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
at Linkou, No. 5, Fuxing
St, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
- Department
of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University
of Technology, 84 Gungjuan
Rd, Taishan District, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan
(R.O.C.)
- Department
of Electronic Engineering, Ming Chi University
of Technology, 84 Gungjuan
Rd, Taishan District, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan
(R.O.C.)
| | - Vilas Gaidhane
- Department
of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani Dubai Campus, Dubai International Academic City, P.O. Box: 345055, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Neeru Sood
- Department
of Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology
and Science (BITS), Pilani Dubai Campus, Dubai International Academic City, P.O. Box: 345055, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nilesh Goel
- Department
of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani Dubai Campus, Dubai International Academic City, P.O. Box: 345055, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Selim Bozkurt
- School
of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast, BT15 1AP, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Krishna Kumar Singh
- Department
of Physics, Birla Institute of Technology
and Science (BITS), Pilani Dubai Campus, Dubai International Academic City, P.O. Box: 345055, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nikhil Bhalla
- Nanotechnology
and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast BT15 1AP, Northern
Ireland, United Kingdom
- Healthcare
Technology Hub, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast, BT15 1AP, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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Ding F, Deng Y, Meng C, Thrane PCV, Bozhevolnyi SI. Electrically tunable topological phase transition in non-Hermitian optical MEMS metasurfaces. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl4661. [PMID: 38306421 PMCID: PMC10836917 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl4661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Exceptional points (EPs), unique junctures in non-Hermitian open systems where eigenvalues and eigenstates simultaneously coalesce, have gained notable attention in photonics because of their enthralling physical principles and unique properties. Nonetheless, the experimental observation of EPs, particularly within the optical domain, has proven rather challenging because of the grueling demand for precise and comprehensive control over the parameter space, further compounded by the necessity for dynamic tunability. Here, we demonstrate the occurrence of optical EPs when operating with an electrically tunable non-Hermitian metasurface platform that synergizes chiral metasurfaces with piezoelectric MEMS mirrors. Moreover, we show that, with a carefully constructed metasurface, a voltage-controlled spectral space can be finely tuned to access not only the chiral EP but also the diabolic point characterized by degenerate eigenvalues and orthogonal eigenstates, thereby allowing for dynamic topological phase transition. Our work paves the way for developing cutting-edge optical devices rooted in EP physics and opening uncharted vistas in dynamic topological photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ding
- Centre for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Yadong Deng
- Centre for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Chao Meng
- Centre for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Paul C V Thrane
- Centre for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense DK-5230, Denmark
- SINTEF Microsystems and Nanotechnology, Gaustadalleen 23C, 0737 Oslo, Norway
| | - Sergey I Bozhevolnyi
- Centre for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense DK-5230, Denmark
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Hu X, Yang S, Zhou G, Liu B, Sun D, Lu M, Lu C. Compact plasmon modulator based on the spatial control of carrier density in indium tin oxide. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:8654-8660. [PMID: 38037982 DOI: 10.1364/ao.505066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
To keep pace with the demands of semiconductor integration technology, a semiconductor device should offer a small footprint. Here, we demonstrate a compact electro-optic modulator by controlling the spatial distribution of carrier density in indium tin oxide (ITO). The proposed structure is mainly composed of a symmetrical metal electrode layer, calcium fluoride dielectric layer, and an ITO propagating layer. The carrier density on the surface of the ITO exhibits a periodical distribution when the voltage is applied on the electrode, which greatly enhances the interaction between the surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and the ITO. This structure can not only effectively improve the modulation depth of the modulator, but also can further reduce the device size. The numerical results indicate that when the length, width, and height of the device are 14 µm, 5 µm, and 8 µm, respectively, the modulation depth can reach 37.1 dB at a wavelength of 3.66 µm. The structure can realize a broadband modulation in theory only if we select a different period of the electrode corresponding to the propagating wavelength of SPPs because the modulator is based on the scattering effect principle. This structure could potentially have high applicability for optoelectronic integration, optical communications, and optical sensors in the future.
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