1
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Meng QW, Li J, Lai Z, Xian W, Wang S, Chen F, Dai Z, Zhang L, Yin H, Ma S, Sun Q. Optimizing selectivity via membrane molecular packing manipulation for simultaneous cation and anion screening. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado8658. [PMID: 39321297 PMCID: PMC11423885 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado8658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Advancing membranes with enhanced solute-solute selectivity is essential for expanding membrane technology applications, yet it presents a notable challenge. Drawing inspiration from the unparalleled selectivity of biological systems, which benefit from the sophisticated spatial organization of functionalities, we posit that manipulating the arrangement of the membrane's building blocks, an aspect previously given limited attention, can address this challenge. We demonstrate that optimizing the face-to-face orientation of building blocks during the assembly of covalent-organic-framework (COF) membranes improves ion-π interactions with multivalent ions. This optimization leads to extraordinary selectivity in differentiating between monovalent cations and anions from their multivalent counterparts, achieving selectivity factors of 214 for K+/Al3+ and 451 for NO3-/PO43-. Leveraging this attribute, the COF membrane facilitates the direct extraction of NaCl from seawater with a purity of 99.57%. These findings offer an alternative approach for designing highly selective membrane materials, offering promising prospects for advancing membrane-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wei Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhuozhi Lai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Weipeng Xian
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Sai Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhifeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shengqian Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1508 W Mulberry St., Denton, TX 76201, USA
| | - Qi Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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2
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Chen S, Meng W, Tong Z, Chen P, Gao F, Hou Y, Lu J, He Q, Wang H, Zhan X, Zhang Q. Modular Customized Biomimetic Nanofluidic Diode for Tunable Asymmetric Ion Transport. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2404605. [PMID: 39248680 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Artificial ion diodes, inspired by biological ion channels, have made significant contributions to the fields of physics, chemistry, and biology. However, constructing asymmetric sub-nanofluidic membranes that simultaneously meet the requirements of easy fabrication, high ion transport efficiency, and tunable ion transport remains a challenge. Here, a direct and flexible in situ staged host-guest self-assembly strategy is employed to fabricate ion diode membranes capable of achieving zonal regulation. Coupling the interfacial polymerization process with a host-guest assembly strategy, it is possible to easily manipulate the type, order, thickness, and charge density of each module by introducing two oppositely charged modules in stages. This method enables the tuning of ion transport behavior over a wide range salinity, as well as responsive to varying pH levels. To verify the potential of controllable diode membranes for application, two ion diode membranes with different ion selectivity and high charge density are coupled in a reverse electrodialysis device. This resulted in an output power density of 63.7 W m-2 at 50-fold NaCl concentration gradient, which is 12 times higher than commercial standards. This approach shows potential for expanding the variety of materials that are appropriate for microelectronic power generation devices, desalination, and biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifan Chen
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Wentong Meng
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zheming Tong
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Pu Chen
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Quzhou Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Yang Hou
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jianguo Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Qinggang He
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhan
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Quzhou Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Quzhou Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Quzhou, 324000, China
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3
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Zheng L, Zhang Z, Lai Z, Yin S, Xian W, Meng QW, Dai Z, Xiong Y, Meng X, Ma S, Xiao FS, Sun Q. Covalent organic framework membrane reactor for boosting catalytic performance. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6837. [PMID: 39122706 PMCID: PMC11315959 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51250-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Membrane reactors are known for their efficiency and superior operability compared to traditional batch processes, but their limited diversity poses challenges in meeting various reaction requirements. Herein, we leverage the molecular tunability of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) to broaden their applicability in membrane reactors. Our COF membrane demonstrates an exceptional ability to achieve complete conversion in just 0.63 s at room temperature-a benchmark in efficiency for Knoevenagel condensation. This performance significantly surpasses that of the corresponding homogeneous catalyst and COF powder by factors of 176 and 375 in turnover frequency, respectively. The enhanced concentration of reactants and the rapid removal of generated water within the membrane greatly accelerate the reaction, reducing the apparent activation energy. Consequently, this membrane reactor enables reactions that are unattainable using both COF powders and homogeneous catalysts. Considering the versatility, our findings highlight the substantial promise of COF-based membrane reactors in organic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhuozhi Lai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shijie Yin
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Xian
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Wei Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhifeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.
- Longgang Institute of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Yubing Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- Longgang Institute of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangju Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Shengqian Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Feng-Shou Xiao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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4
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Das G, Ibrahim FA, Khalil ZA, Bazin P, Chandra F, AbdulHalim RG, Prakasam T, Das AK, Sharma SK, Varghese S, Kirmizialtin S, Jagannathan R, Saleh N, Benyettou F, Roz ME, Addicoat M, Olson MA, Rao DSS, Prasad SK, Trabolsi A. Ionic Covalent Organic Framework as a Dual Functional Sensor for Temperature and Humidity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311064. [PMID: 38396219 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Visual sensing of humidity and temperature by solids plays an important role in the everyday life and in industrial processes. Due to their hydrophobic nature, most covalent organic framework (COF) sensors often exhibit poor optical response when exposed to moisture. To overcome this challenge, the optical response is set out to improve, to moisture by incorporating H-bonding ionic functionalities into the COF network. A highly sensitive COF, consisting of guanidinium and diformylpyridine linkers (TG-DFP), capable of detecting changes in temperature and moisture content is fabricated. The hydrophilic nature of the framework enables enhanced water uptake, allowing the trapped water molecules to form a large number of hydrogen bonds. Despite the presence of non-emissive building blocks, the H-bonds restrict internal bond rotation within the COF, leading to reversible fluorescence and solid-state optical hydrochromism in response to relative humidity and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gobinda Das
- Chemistry Program, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fayrouz Abou Ibrahim
- Chemistry Program, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zahraa Abou Khalil
- Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie, CNRS, Ensicaen, Université de Caen, 6, Boulevard Maréchal Juin 14050, Caen, France
| | - Philippe Bazin
- Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie, CNRS, Ensicaen, Université de Caen, 6, Boulevard Maréchal Juin 14050, Caen, France
| | - Falguni Chandra
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rasha G AbdulHalim
- Chemistry Program, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Thirumurugan Prakasam
- Chemistry Program, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Akshaya Kumar Das
- Chemistry Program, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sudhir Kumar Sharma
- Engineering Division, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sabu Varghese
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Serdal Kirmizialtin
- Chemistry Program, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ramesh Jagannathan
- Engineering Division, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Na'il Saleh
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- National Water and Energy center, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah Benyettou
- Chemistry Program, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamad El Roz
- Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie, CNRS, Ensicaen, Université de Caen, 6, Boulevard Maréchal Juin 14050, Caen, France
| | - Matthew Addicoat
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, NG11 8NS, Nottingham, NG118NS, UK
| | - Mark A Olson
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Dr, Corpus Christi, TX, 78412, USA
| | - D S Shankar Rao
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences(CeNS), Arkavathi, Survey No.7, Shivanapura, Dasanapura Hobli, Bengaluru, 562162, India
| | - S Krishna Prasad
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences(CeNS), Arkavathi, Survey No.7, Shivanapura, Dasanapura Hobli, Bengaluru, 562162, India
| | - Ali Trabolsi
- Chemistry Program, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, 129188, United Arab Emirates
- NYUAD Water Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, 129188, United Arab Emirates
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5
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Xian W, Wu D, Lai Z, Wang S, Sun Q. Advancing Ion Separation: Covalent-Organic-Framework Membranes for Sustainable Energy and Water Applications. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1973-1984. [PMID: 38950424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusMembranes are pivotal in a myriad of energy production processes and modern separation techniques. They are essential in devices for energy generation, facilities for extracting energy elements, and plants for wastewater treatment, each of which hinges on effective ion separation. While biological ion channels show exceptional permeability and selectivity, designing synthetic membranes with defined pore architecture and chemistry on the (sub)nanometer scale has been challenging. Consequently, a typical trade-off emerges: highly permeable membranes often sacrifice selectivity and vice versa. To tackle this dilemma, a comprehensive understanding and modeling of synthetic membranes across various scales is imperative. This lays the foundation for establishing design criteria for advanced membrane materials. Key attributes for such materials encompass appropriately sized pores, a narrow pore size distribution, and finely tuned interactions between desired permeants and the membrane. The advent of covalent-organic-framework (COF) membranes offers promising solutions to the challenges faced by conventional membranes in selective ion separation within the water-energy nexus. COFs are molecular Legos, facilitating the precise integration of small organic structs into extended, porous, crystalline architectures through covalent linkage. This unique molecular architecture allows for precise control over pore sizes, shapes, and distributions within the membrane. Additionally, COFs offer the flexibility to modify their pore spaces with distinct functionalities. This adaptability not only enhances their permeability but also facilitates tailored interactions with specific ions. As a result, COF membranes are positioned as prime candidates to achieve both superior permeability and selectivity in ion separation processes.In this Account, we delineate our endeavors aimed at leveraging the distinctive attributes of COFs to augment ion separation processes, tackling fundamental inquiries while identifying avenues for further exploration. Our strategies for fabricating COF membranes with enhanced ion selectivity encompass the following: (1) crafting (sub)nanoscale ion channels to enhance permselectivity, thereby amplifying energy production; (2) implementing a multivariate (MTV) synthesis method to control charge density within nanochannels, optimizing ion transport efficiency; (3) modifying the pore environment within confined mass transfer channels to establish distinct pathways for ion transport. For each strategy, we expound on its chemical foundations and offer illustrative examples that underscore fundamental principles. Our efforts have culminated in the creation of groundbreaking membrane materials that surpass traditional counterparts, propelling advancements in sustainable energy conversion, waste heat utilization, energy element extraction, and pollutant removal. These innovations are poised to redefine energy systems and industrial wastewater management practices. In conclusion, we outline future research directions and highlight key challenges that need addressing to enhance the ion/molecular recognition capabilities and practical applications of COF membranes. Looking forward, we anticipate ongoing advancements in functionalization and fabrication techniques, leading to enhanced selectivity and permeability, ultimately rivaling the capabilities of biological membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weipeng Xian
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Di Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zhuozhi Lai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Sai Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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6
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Li Q, Gao H, Zhao Y, Zhou B, Yu L, Huang Q, Jiang L, Gao J. Covalent Organic Framework Interlayer Spacings as Perfectly Selective Artificial Proton Channels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402094. [PMID: 38581623 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Biological proton channels have perfect selectivity in aqueous environment against almost all ions and molecules, a property that differs itself from other biological channels and a feature that remains challenging to realize for bulk artificial materials. The biological perfect selectivity originates from the fact that the channel has almost no free space for ion or water transport but generates a hydrogen bonded wire in the presence of protons to allow the proton hopping. Inspired by this, we used the interlayer spacings of covalent organic framework materials consisting of hydrophilic functional groups as perfectly selective artificial proton channels. The interlayer spacings are so narrow that no atoms or molecules can diffuse through. However, protons exhibit a diffusivity in the same order of magnitude as that in bulk water. Density functional theory calculations show that water molecules and the COF material form hydrogen bonded wires, allowing the proton hopping. We further demonstrate that the proton transport rate can be tuned by adjusting the acidity of the functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, 610065, Chengdu, China
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongfei Gao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongye Zhao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingsong Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, 610065, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jun Gao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, 266101, Qingdao, P. R. China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, 266101, Qingdao, P. R. China
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7
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Bhagwandin DD, Page KA, Tran LD, Yao Y, Reidell A, Muratore C, Fang Q, Ruditskiy A, Hampton CM, Kennedy WJ, Drummy LF, Zhong Y, Marks TJ, Facchetti A, Lou J, Koerner H, Baldwin LA, Glavin NR. Orientation and morphology control in acid-catalyzed covalent organic framework thin films. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:8369-8377. [PMID: 38572999 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05798d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
As thin films of semiconducting covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are demonstrating utility for ambipolar electronics, channel materials in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), and broadband photodetectors, control and modulation of their thin film properties is paramount. In this work, an interfacial growth technique is utilized to synthesize imine TAPB-PDA COF films at both the liquid-liquid interface as well as at the liquid-solid interface on a Si/SiO2 substrate. The concentration of acetic acid catalyst in the aqueous phase is shown to significantly influence the thin film morphology of the liquid-solid growth, with concentrations below 1 M resulting in no film nucleation, concentrations of 1-4 M enabling smooth film formation, and concentrations greater than 4 M resulting in films with a higher density of particulates on the surface. Importantly, while the films grown at the liquid-liquid interface are mixed-orientation, those grown directly at the liquid-solid interface on the Si/SiO2 surface have highly oriented COF layers aligned parallel to the substrate surface. Moreover, this liquid-solid growth process affords TAPB-PDA COF thin films with p-type charge transport having a transconductance of 10 μS at a gate voltage of -0.9 V in an OECT device structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayanni D Bhagwandin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA.
- UES, Inc., Beavercreek, Ohio 45432, USA
| | - Kirt A Page
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA.
- UES, Inc., Beavercreek, Ohio 45432, USA
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Ly D Tran
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA.
- UES, Inc., Beavercreek, Ohio 45432, USA
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Alexander Reidell
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA.
- UES, Inc., Beavercreek, Ohio 45432, USA
| | - Christopher Muratore
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio 45469, USA
| | - Qiyi Fang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Aleksey Ruditskiy
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA.
- UES, Inc., Beavercreek, Ohio 45432, USA
| | - Cheri M Hampton
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA.
- UES, Inc., Beavercreek, Ohio 45432, USA
| | - W Joshua Kennedy
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA.
| | - Lawrence F Drummy
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA.
| | - Yu Zhong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Hilmar Koerner
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA.
| | - Luke A Baldwin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA.
| | - Nicholas R Glavin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA.
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8
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Meng QW, Wu D, Wang S, Sun Q. Function-Led Design of Covalent-Organic-Framework Membranes for Precise Ion Separation. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302460. [PMID: 37605607 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient access to clean water and resources has emerged as one of the most pressing issues affecting people globally. Membrane-based ion separation has become a focal point of research for the generation of fresh water and the extraction of energy elements. This Review encapsulates recent advancements in the selective ion transport of covalent organic framework (COF) membranes, accomplished by strategically pairing diverse monomers to create membranes with various pore sizes and environments for specific purposes. We first discuss the merits of using COF materials as a basis for fabricating membranes for ion separation. We then explore the development of COF membranes in areas such as desalination, acid recovery, and energy element extraction, with a particular emphasis on the fundamental principles of membrane design. Lastly, we address both theoretical and practical challenges, as well as potential opportunities in the targeted design of ion-selective membranes. The goal of this Review is to stimulate future investigative efforts in this field, which is of significant scientific and strategic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wei Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of, Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of, Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Sai Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of, Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Qi Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of, Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
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