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Neyra K, Desai S, Mathur D. Plugging synthetic DNA nanoparticles into the central dogma of life. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 61:220-231. [PMID: 39611736 PMCID: PMC11606385 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc04648j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 11/11/2024] [Indexed: 11/30/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic DNA nanotechnology has emerged as a powerful tool for creating precise nanoscale structures with diverse applications in biotechnology and materials science. Recently, it has evolved to include gene-encoded DNA nanoparticles, which have potentially unique advantages compared to alternative gene delivery platforms. In exciting new developments, we and others have shown how the long single strand within DNA origami nanoparticles, the scaffold strand, can be customized to encode protein-expressing genes and engineer nanoparticles that interface with the transcription-translation machinery for protein production. Remarkably, therefore, DNA nanoparticles - despite their complex three-dimensional shapes - can function as canonical genes. Characteristics such as potentially unlimited gene packing size and low immunogenicity make DNA-based platforms promising for a variety of gene therapy applications. In this review, we first outline various techniques for the isolation of the gene-encoded scaffold strand, a crucial precursor for building protein-expressing DNA nanoparticles. Next, we highlight how features such as sequence design, staple strand optimization, and overall architecture of gene-encoded DNA nanoparticles play a key role in the enhancement of protein expression. Finally, we discuss potential applications of these DNA origami structures to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of gene-encoded DNA nanoparticles and motivate future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Neyra
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Sara Desai
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Divita Mathur
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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2
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Neuhoff M, Wang Y, Vantangoli NJ, Poirier MG, Castro CE, Pfeifer WG. Recycling Materials for Sustainable DNA Origami Manufacturing. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:12080-12087. [PMID: 39315689 PMCID: PMC11451448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
DNA origami nanotechnology has great potential in multiple fields including biomedical, biophysical, and nanofabrication applications. However, current production pipelines lead to single-use devices incorporating a small fraction of initial reactants, resulting in a wasteful manufacturing process. Here, we introduce two complementary approaches to overcome these limitations by recycling the strand components of DNA origami nanostructures (DONs). We demonstrate reprogramming entire DONs into new devices, reusing scaffold strands. We validate this approach by reprogramming DONs with complex geometries into each other, using their distinct geometries to verify successful scaffold recycling. We reprogram one DON into a dynamic structure and show both pristine and recycled structures display similar properties. Second, we demonstrate the recovery of excess staple strands postassembly and fold DONs with these recycled strands, showing these structures exhibit the expected geometry and dynamic properties. Finally, we demonstrate the combination of both approaches, successfully fabricating DONs solely from recycled DNA components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael
J. Neuhoff
- Department
of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Nicholas J. Vantangoli
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Michael G. Poirier
- Department
of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Biophysics
Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Carlos E. Castro
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Biophysics
Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Wolfgang G. Pfeifer
- Department
of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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3
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Wang M, Dong L, Wang Y, Suo F, Zhang L, Dong J, Ma S. Validation of shikimate dehydrogenase as the herbicidal target of drupacine and screening of target-based compounds with high herbicidal activity. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 204:106077. [PMID: 39277390 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
The discovery of new targets and lead compounds is the key to developing new pesticides. The herbicidal target of drupacine has been identified as shikimate dehydrogenase (SkDH). However, the mechanism of interaction between them remains unclear. This study found that drupacine specifically binds to SkDH with a dissociation equilibrium constant (KD) of 8.88 μM and a Kd value of 2.15 μM, as confirmed by surface plasmon resonance and microscale thermophoresis. Site-directed mutagenesis coupled with fluorescence quenching analysis indicated that residue THR431 was the key amino acid site for drupacine binding to SkDH. Nine compounds with the best binding ability to SkDH were identified by virtual screening from about 120,000 compounds. Among them, compound 8 showed the highest inhibition rate with values of 41.95% against SkDH, also exhibiting the strongest herbicidal activity. This research identifies a novel potential target SkDH and a candidate lead compound with high herbicidal activity for developing new herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Lili Dong
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology/ State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Fengyue Suo
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Lihui Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology/ State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China.
| | - Jingao Dong
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology/ State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China.
| | - Shujie Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology/ State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China.
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Roozbahani GM, Colosi PL, Oravecz A, Sorokina EM, Pfeifer W, Shokri S, Wei Y, Didier P, DeLuca M, Arya G, Tora L, Lakadamyali M, Poirier MG, Castro CE. Piggybacking functionalized DNA nanostructures into live-cell nuclei. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn9423. [PMID: 38968349 PMCID: PMC11225781 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn9423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
DNA origami nanostructures (DOs) are promising tools for applications including drug delivery, biosensing, detecting biomolecules, and probing chromatin substructures. Targeting these nanodevices to mammalian cell nuclei could provide impactful approaches for probing, visualizing, and controlling biomolecular processes within live cells. We present an approach to deliver DOs into live-cell nuclei. We show that these DOs do not undergo detectable structural degradation in cell culture media or cell extracts for 24 hours. To deliver DOs into the nuclei of human U2OS cells, we conjugated 30-nanometer DO nanorods with an antibody raised against a nuclear factor, specifically the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (Pol II). We find that DOs remain structurally intact in cells for 24 hours, including inside the nucleus. We demonstrate that electroporated anti-Pol II antibody-conjugated DOs are piggybacked into nuclei and exhibit subdiffusive motion inside the nucleus. Our results establish interfacing DOs with a nuclear factor as an effective method to deliver nanodevices into live-cell nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golbarg M. Roozbahani
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - P. L. Colosi
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Attila Oravecz
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch 67404, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch 67404, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch 67404, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Elena M. Sorokina
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wolfgang Pfeifer
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Siamak Shokri
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yin Wei
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Pascal Didier
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch 67404, France
- Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Illkirch 67401, France
| | - Marcello DeLuca
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Gaurav Arya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - László Tora
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch 67404, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch 67404, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch 67404, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Melike Lakadamyali
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael G. Poirier
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Carlos E. Castro
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Neyra K, Everson HR, Mathur D. Dominant Analytical Techniques in DNA Nanotechnology for Various Applications. Anal Chem 2024; 96:3687-3697. [PMID: 38353660 PMCID: PMC11261746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology is rapidly gaining traction in numerous applications, each bearing varying degrees of tolerance to the quality and quantity necessary for viable nanostructure function. Despite the distinct objectives of each application, they are united in their reliance on essential analytical techniques, such as purification and characterization. This tutorial aims to guide the reader through the current state of DNA nanotechnology analytical chemistry, outlining important factors to consider when designing, assembling, purifying, and characterizing a DNA nanostructure for downstream applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Neyra
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Heather R Everson
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Divita Mathur
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Ohio 44106, United States
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Roozbahani GM, Colosi P, Oravecz A, Sorokina EM, Pfeifer W, Shokri S, Wei Y, Didier P, DeLuca M, Arya G, Tora L, Lakadamyali M, Poirier MG, Castro CE. Piggybacking functionalized DNA nanostructures into live cell nuclei. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.30.573746. [PMID: 38260628 PMCID: PMC10802371 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.30.573746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
DNA origami (DO) are promising tools for in vitro or in vivo applications including drug delivery; biosensing, detecting biomolecules; and probing chromatin sub-structures. Targeting these nanodevices to mammalian cell nuclei could provide impactful approaches for probing visualizing and controlling important biological processes in live cells. Here we present an approach to deliver DO strucures into live cell nuclei. We show that labelled DOs do not undergo detectable structural degradation in cell culture media or human cell extracts for 24 hr. To deliver DO platforms into the nuclei of human U2OS cells, we conjugated 30 nm long DO nanorods with an antibody raised against the largest subunit of RNA Polymerase II (Pol II), a key enzyme involved in gene transcription. We find that DOs remain structurally intact in cells for 24hr, including within the nucleus. Using fluorescence microscopy we demonstrate that the electroporated anti-Pol II antibody conjugated DOs are efficiently piggybacked into nuclei and exihibit sub-diffusive motion inside the nucleus. Our results reveal that functionalizing DOs with an antibody raised against a nuclear factor is a highly effective method for the delivery of nanodevices into live cell nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golbarg M. Roozbahani
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Patricia Colosi
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Attila Oravecz
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, 67404, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, 67404, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, 67404, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, 67404, France
| | - Elena M. Sorokina
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Wolfgang Pfeifer
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Siamak Shokri
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yin Wei
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Pascal Didier
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, 67404, France
- Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Illkirch, 67401, France
| | - Marcello DeLuca
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Gaurav Arya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - László Tora
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, 67404, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, 67404, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, 67404, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, 67404, France
| | - Melike Lakadamyali
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael G. Poirier
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Carlos E. Castro
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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