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Luo X, Liang X, Wei Y, Hou L, Li R, Liu D, Li M, Zhou S. High Ampacity On-Chip Wires Implemented by Aligned Carbon Nanotube-Cu Composite. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1131. [PMID: 36770136 PMCID: PMC9920244 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With the size of electronic devices shrinking to the nanometer scale, it is of great importance to develope new wire materials with higher current carrying capacity than traditional materials such as gold (Au) and copper (Cu). This is urgently needed for more efficient, compact and functional integrated chips and microsystems. To meet the needs of an atom chip, here we report a new solution by introducing super-aligned carbon nanotubes (SACNTs) into Cu thin films. The microwires exhibit an ultra-high current carrying capacity beyond the limit of the traditional Cu wires, reaching (1.7~2.6) × 107 A·cm-2. The first-principles calculation is used to obtain the band structural characteristics of the CNT-Cu composite material, and the principle of its I-V characteristic curve is analyzed. Driven by the bias voltage, a large number of carriers are injected into the CNT layer from Cu by the strong tunneling effect. Moreover, a variety of microwires can be designed and fabricated on demand for high compatibility with conventional microelectronics technology. The composite structures have great potential in high-power electronic devices, high-performance on-chip interconnecting, as well as other applications that have long-term high-current demands, in addition to atom chips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Luo
- Microsystem & Terahertz Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Chengdu 610200, China
- Institute of Electronic Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Information Materials and Device Applications Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Universities, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics and Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ligan Hou
- Advanced Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ru Li
- Microsystem & Terahertz Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Chengdu 610200, China
- Institute of Electronic Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Advanced Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Mo Li
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Shuyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Optics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
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2
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Tajik M, Rauer B, Schweigler T, Cataldini F, Sabino J, Møller FS, Ji SC, Mazets IE, Schmiedmayer J. Designing arbitrary one-dimensional potentials on an atom chip. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:33474-33487. [PMID: 31878416 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.033474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We use laser light shaped by a digital micro-mirror device to realize arbitrary optical dipole potentials for one-dimensional (1D) degenerate Bose gases of 87Rb trapped on an atom chip. Superposing optical and magnetic potentials combines the high flexibility of optical dipole traps with the advantages of magnetic trapping, such as effective evaporative cooling and the application of radio-frequency dressed state potentials. As applications, we present a 160 µm long box-like potential with a central tuneable barrier, a box-like potential with a sinusoidally modulated bottom and a linear confining potential. These potentials provide new tools to investigate the dynamics of 1D quantum systems and will allow us to address exciting questions in quantum thermodynamics and quantum simulations.
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3
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Synthetically tuned electronic and geometrical properties of intermetallic compounds as effective heterogeneous catalysts. PROG SOLID STATE CH 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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4
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Yan Y, Du JS, Gilroy KD, Yang D, Xia Y, Zhang H. Intermetallic Nanocrystals: Syntheses and Catalytic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1605997. [PMID: 28234403 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201605997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
At the forefront of nanochemistry, there exists a research endeavor centered around intermetallic nanocrystals, which are unique in terms of long-range atomic ordering, well-defined stoichiometry, and controlled crystal structure. In contrast to alloy nanocrystals with no elemental ordering, it is challenging to synthesize intermetallic nanocrystals with a tight control over their size and shape. Here, recent progress in the synthesis of intermetallic nanocrystals with controllable sizes and well-defined shapes is highlighted. A simple analysis and some insights key to the selection of experimental conditions for generating intermetallic nanocrystals are presented, followed by examples to highlight the viable use of intermetallic nanocrystals as electrocatalysts or catalysts for various reactions, with a focus on the enhanced performance relative to their alloy counterparts that lack elemental ordering. Within the conclusion, perspectives on future developments in the context of synthetic control, structure-property relationships, and applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Jingshan S Du
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Kyle D Gilroy
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Deren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Younan Xia
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, P. R. China
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5
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Yang J, Huang W, Lin T, Pan X, Zhu H, Huang Y, Wang W. Intramolecular oxidative cyclodehydrogenation route for the synthesis of strap-like conjugated polymers. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25214a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on tetraphenylethene (TPE), a bottom-up solution-based synthesis of narrow strap-like polymers was successfully achieved by intramolecular oxidative cyclodehydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Tingting Lin
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
- Singapore 138634
- Singapore
| | - Xiaoyong Pan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
- Singapore 138634
- Singapore
| | - Haoyun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Yuli Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Weizhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
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6
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Yi WC, Liu W, Zhao L, Islam R, Miao MS, Liu JY. Asymmetric passivation of edges: a route to make magnetic graphene nanoribbons. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03461j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Zigzag graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs) are known to carry interesting properties beyond graphene, such as finite band gaps and magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-cai Yi
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center
- Beijing
- P. R. China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of California
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- California State University
- Northridge
- USA
| | - Rashed Islam
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- California State University
- Northridge
- USA
| | - Mao-sheng Miao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- California State University
- Northridge
- USA
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center
| | - Jing-yao Liu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- People's Republic of China
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7
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Keil M, Amit O, Zhou S, Groswasser D, Japha Y, Folman R. Fifteen years of cold matter on the atom chip: promise, realizations, and prospects. JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS 2016; 63:1840-1885. [PMID: 27499585 PMCID: PMC4960518 DOI: 10.1080/09500340.2016.1178820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Here we review the field of atom chips in the context of Bose-Einstein Condensates (BEC) as well as cold matter in general. Twenty years after the first realization of the BEC and 15 years after the realization of the atom chip, the latter has been found to enable extraordinary feats: from producing BECs at a rate of several per second, through the realization of matter-wave interferometry, and all the way to novel probing of surfaces and new forces. In addition, technological applications are also being intensively pursued. This review will describe these developments and more, including new ideas which have not yet been realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Keil
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Omer Amit
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Shuyu Zhou
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - David Groswasser
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Yonathan Japha
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Ron Folman
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
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8
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Wang X, Zheng Y, Wang T, Yang H, Bai Z, Zhang Z. Catalyst Coated Paper Substrate Strategy: Development and Its Application for Copper-Catalysts Screening and Activity Studies. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xi'an Shiyou Unviersity; Xi'an 710065 China
| | - Yajun Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xi'an Shiyou Unviersity; Xi'an 710065 China
| | - Teng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xi'an Shiyou Unviersity; Xi'an 710065 China
| | - Haijun Yang
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Zongquan Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xi'an Shiyou Unviersity; Xi'an 710065 China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xi'an Shiyou Unviersity; Xi'an 710065 China
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9
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Muessel W, Strobel H, Linnemann D, Hume DB, Oberthaler MK. Scalable spin squeezing for quantum-enhanced magnetometry with Bose-Einstein condensates. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:103004. [PMID: 25238356 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.103004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in quantum metrology is the generation of entangled states with a macroscopic atom number. Here, we demonstrate experimentally that atomic squeezing generated via nonlinear dynamics in Bose-Einstein condensates, combined with suitable trap geometries, allows scaling to large ensemble sizes. We achieve a suppression of fluctuations by 5.3(5) dB for 12,300 particles, from which we infer that similar squeezing can be obtained for more than 10(7) atoms. With this resource, we demonstrate quantum-enhanced magnetometry by swapping the squeezed state to magnetically sensitive hyperfine levels that have negligible nonlinearity. We find a quantum-enhanced single-shot sensitivity of 310(47) pT for static magnetic fields in a probe volume as small as 90 μm3.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Muessel
- Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H Strobel
- Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Linnemann
- Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D B Hume
- Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M K Oberthaler
- Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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10
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Ockeloen CF, Schmied R, Riedel MF, Treutlein P. Quantum metrology with a scanning probe atom interferometer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:143001. [PMID: 24138235 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.143001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We use a small Bose-Einstein condensate on an atom chip as an interferometric scanning probe to map out a microwave field near the chip surface with a few micrometers resolution. With the use of entanglement between the atoms, our interferometer overcomes the standard quantum limit of interferometry by 4 dB and maintains enhanced performance for interrogation times up to 10 ms. This corresponds to a microwave magnetic field sensitivity of 77 pT/√Hz in a probe volume of 20 μm(3). Quantum metrology with entangled atoms is useful in measurements with high spatial resolution, since the atom number in the probe volume is limited by collisional loss. High-resolution measurements of microwave near fields, as demonstrated here, are important for the development of integrated microwave circuits for quantum information processing and applications in communication technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caspar F Ockeloen
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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11
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Machluf S, Japha Y, Folman R. Coherent Stern–Gerlach momentum splitting on an atom chip. Nat Commun 2013; 4:2424. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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12
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Gierling M, Schneeweiss P, Visanescu G, Federsel P, Häffner M, Kern DP, Judd TE, Günther A, Fortágh J. Cold-atom scanning probe microscopy. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 6:446-451. [PMID: 21623359 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2011.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Scanning probe microscopes are widely used to study surfaces with atomic resolution in many areas of nanoscience. Ultracold atomic gases trapped in electromagnetic potentials can be used to study electromagnetic interactions between the atoms and nearby surfaces in chip-based systems. Here we demonstrate a new type of scanning probe microscope that combines these two areas of research by using an ultracold gas as the tip in a scanning probe microscope. This cold-atom scanning probe microscope offers a large scanning volume, an ultrasoft tip of well-defined shape and high purity, and sensitivity to electromagnetic forces (including dispersion forces near nanostructured surfaces). We use the cold-atom scanning probe microscope to non-destructively measure the position and height of carbon nanotube structures and individual free-standing nanotubes. Cooling the atoms in the gas to form a Bose-Einstein condensate increases the resolution of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gierling
- CQ Center for Collective Quantum Phenomena and their Applications, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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13
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Smith DA, Aigner S, Hofferberth S, Gring M, Andersson M, Wildermuth S, Krüger P, Schneider S, Schumm T, Schmiedmayer J. Absorption imaging of ultracold atoms on atom chips. OPTICS EXPRESS 2011; 19:8471-8485. [PMID: 21643097 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.008471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Imaging ultracold atomic gases close to surfaces is an important tool for the detailed analysis of experiments carried out using atom chips. We describe the critical factors that need be considered, especially when the imaging beam is purposely reflected from the surface. In particular we present methods to measure the atom-surface distance, which is a prerequisite for magnetic field imaging and studies of atom surface-interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Smith
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
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14
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Hunger D, Camerer S, Hänsch TW, König D, Kotthaus JP, Reichel J, Treutlein P. Resonant coupling of a Bose-Einstein condensate to a micromechanical oscillator. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:143002. [PMID: 20481938 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.143002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report experiments in which the vibrations of a micromechanical oscillator are coupled to the motion of Bose-condensed atoms in a trap. The interaction relies on surface forces experienced by the atoms at about 1 microm distance from the mechanical structure. We observe resonant coupling to several well-resolved mechanical modes of the condensate. Coupling via surface forces does not require magnets, electrodes, or mirrors on the oscillator and could thus be employed to couple atoms to molecular-scale oscillators such as carbon nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hunger
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Schellingstrasse 4, 80799 München, Germany
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15
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Atom-chip-based generation of entanglement for quantum metrology. Nature 2010; 464:1170-3. [PMID: 20357765 DOI: 10.1038/nature08988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2009] [Accepted: 03/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Atom chips provide a versatile quantum laboratory for experiments with ultracold atomic gases. They have been used in diverse experiments involving low-dimensional quantum gases, cavity quantum electrodynamics, atom-surface interactions, and chip-based atomic clocks and interferometers. However, a severe limitation of atom chips is that techniques to control atomic interactions and to generate entanglement have not been experimentally available so far. Such techniques enable chip-based studies of entangled many-body systems and are a key prerequisite for atom chip applications in quantum simulations, quantum information processing and quantum metrology. Here we report the experimental generation of multi-particle entanglement on an atom chip by controlling elastic collisional interactions with a state-dependent potential. We use this technique to generate spin-squeezed states of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate; such states are a useful resource for quantum metrology. The observed reduction in spin noise of -3.7 +/- 0.4 dB, combined with the spin coherence, implies four-partite entanglement between the condensate atoms; this could be used to improve an interferometric measurement by -2.5 +/- 0.6 dB over the standard quantum limit. Our data show good agreement with a dynamical multi-mode simulation and allow us to reconstruct the Wigner function of the spin-squeezed condensate. The techniques reported here could be directly applied to chip-based atomic clocks, currently under development.
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16
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Koschorreck M, Napolitano M, Dubost B, Mitchell MW. Sub-projection-noise sensitivity in broadband atomic magnetometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:093602. [PMID: 20366983 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.093602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate sub-projection-noise sensitivity of a broadband atomic magnetometer using quantum nondemolition spin measurements. A cold, dipole-trapped sample of rubidium atoms provides a long-lived spin system in a nonmagnetic environment, and is probed nondestructively by paramagnetic Faraday rotation. The calibration procedure employs as known reference state, the maximum-entropy or "thermal" spin state, and quantitative imaging-based atom counting to identify electronic, quantum, and technical noise in both the probe and spin system. The measurement achieves a sensitivity 1.6 dB (2.8 dB) better than projection-noise (thermal state quantum noise) and will enable squeezing-enhanced broadband magnetometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Koschorreck
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain.
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17
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Verdú J, Zoubi H, Koller C, Majer J, Ritsch H, Schmiedmayer J. Strong magnetic coupling of an ultracold gas to a superconducting waveguide cavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:043603. [PMID: 19659351 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.043603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Placing an ensemble of 10;{6} ultracold atoms in the near field of a superconducting coplanar waveguide resonator with a quality factor Q approximately 10;{6}, one can achieve strong coupling between a single microwave photon in the coplanar waveguide resonator and a collective hyperfine qubit state in the ensemble with g_{eff}/2pi approximately 40 kHz larger than the cavity linewidth of kappa/2pi approximately 7 kHz. Integrated on an atomchip, such a system constitutes a hybrid quantum device, which also can be used to interconnect solid-state and atomic qubits, study and control atomic motion via the microwave field, observe microwave superradiance, build an integrated micromaser, or even cool the resonator field via the atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Verdú
- Atominstitut der Osterreichischen Universitäten, TU-Wien, 1020 Vienna, Austria
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18
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Cano D, Kasch B, Hattermann H, Kleiner R, Zimmermann C, Koelle D, Fortágh J. Meissner effect in superconducting microtraps. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:183006. [PMID: 18999830 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.183006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on the realization and characterization of a magnetic microtrap for ultracold atoms near a straight superconducting Nb wire with circular cross section. The trapped atoms are used to probe the magnetic field outside the superconducting wire. The Meissner effect shortens the distance between the trap and the wire, reduces the radial magnetic-field gradients, and lowers the trap depth. Measurements of the trap position reveal a complete exclusion of the magnetic field from the superconducting wire for temperatures lower than 6 K. As the temperature is further increased, the magnetic field partially penetrates the superconducting wire; hence the microtrap position is shifted towards the position expected for a normal-conducting wire.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cano
- Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, CQ Center for Collective Quantum Phenomena and their Applications, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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