1
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Noguchi S, Kiyama R, Yoshida M, Marsudi MA, Kashimura N, Tadanaga K, Gong JP, Nonoyama T. Real-Space Visualization of Charged Polymer Network of Hydrogel by Double Network Strategy and Mineral Staining. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:9088-9095. [PMID: 38979827 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels consist of three-dimensional (3D) and complicated polymer networks that determine their physical properties. Among the methods for structural analyses of hydrogels, the real-space imaging of a polymer network of hydrogels on a nanometer scale is one of the optimal methods; however, it is highly challenging. In this study, we propose a direct observation method for cationic polymer networks using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). By combining the double network strategy and the mineral staining technique, we overcame the challenges of polymer aggregation and the low electron density of the polymer. An objective cationic network was incorporated into a neutral skeleton network to suppress shrinkage during subsequent staining. Titania mineralization along the cationic polymer strands provided sufficient electron density for the objective polymer network for TEM observation. This observation method enables the visualization of local structures in real space and plays a complementary role to scattering methods for soft matter structure analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Noguchi
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita-13, Nishi-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kiyama
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Laboratoire de Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Maradhana Agung Marsudi
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Naohiro Kashimura
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Kiyoharu Tadanaga
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita-13, Nishi-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Jian Ping Gong
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nonoyama
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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2
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Du M, Yan X, Zhao N, Wang X, Xu D. Self-assembly of rigid amphiphilic graft cyclic-brush copolymers to nanochannels using dissipative particle dynamics simulation. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:2321-2330. [PMID: 38372026 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01674a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of specific artificial nanochannels remains a formidable challenge in the field of nanomaterials and synthetic chemistry. In particular, the preparation of artificial nanochannels using amphiphilic graft cyclic-brush copolymers (AGCCs) as monomers has garnered substantial attention. Nevertheless, because of the constrained time and length scales inherent in traditional molecular dynamics simulations, a comprehensive theoretical understanding of the morphological regulation mechanism governing the self-assembly of AGCCs into nanochannels remains elusive. In this study, we employed the dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) method to explore the self-assembly mechanism considering factors such as the DPD interaction parameters, concentrations, and sizes of AGCCs. By calculating the phase diagrams, we predicted the emergence of four distinct nanochannel types: short independent, long independent, parallel, and disordered channels. Importantly, the formation of these nanochannels is highly contingent on specific environmental conditions. Furthermore, we extensively discussed self-assembly processes that lead to different types of nanochannels. The self-assembly of AGCCs is revealed as a multistep process primarily influenced by the interaction parameters. However, while the monomer size and concentration do not introduce novel self-assembly morphologies, they do influence the final aggregation state. The elucidation of the self-assembly mechanism presented in this study deepens our understanding of AGCC nanochannel formation. Consequently, this is a valuable guide for the preparation of copolymer materials with specific functionalities, offering insights into targeted copolymer material design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
| | - Xinrong Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
| | - Nanrong Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
| | - Xin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
| | - Dingguo Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
- Research Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, PR China
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3
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Ma C, Wang H, Sun R, Liao X, Han H, Xie M. Polyacetylene-Based Asymmetric Bicyclic Polymer by Blocking-Cyclization Technique. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300628. [PMID: 38227809 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
A rare asymmetric bicyclic polymer containing different length of conjugated polyacetylene segments is synthesized by metathesis cyclopolymerization-mediated blocking-cyclization technique. The size of each single ring differs from each other, and the unique cyclic polymer topology is controlled by adjusting the feed ratio of monofunctional monomer to catalyst. The topological difference between linear and bicyclic polymers is confirmed by several techniques, and the visualized morphology of asymmetric bicyclic polymer is directly observed without tedious post-modification process. The photoelectric and thermal properties of polymers are investigated. This work expands the pathway for the derivation of cyclic polymers, and such unique topological structure enriches the diversity of cyclic polymer classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuihong Ma
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Ruyi Sun
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Huijing Han
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Meiran Xie
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
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4
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Levenson AM, Morrison CM, Huang PR, Wang TW, Carter-Schwendler Z, Golder MR. Ancillary Ligand Lability Improves Control in Cyclic Ruthenium Benzylidene Initiated Ring-Expansion Metathesis Polymerizations. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:1286-1292. [PMID: 37695322 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of well-defined cyclic polymers is crucial to exploring applications spanning engineering, energy, and biomedicine. These materials lack chain-ends and are therefore imbued with unique bulk properties. Despite recent advancements, the general methodology for controlled cyclic polymer synthesis via ring-expansion metathesis polymerization (REMP) remains challenging. Low initiator activity leads to high molar mass polymers at short reaction times that subsequently "evolve" to smaller polymeric products. In this work, we demonstrate that in situ addition of pyridine to the tethered ruthenium-benzylidene REMP initiator CB6 increases ancillary ligand lability to synthesize controlled and low dispersity cyclic poly(norbornene) on a short time scale without relying on molar mass evolution events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelaide M Levenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Christine M Morrison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Pin-Ruei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Teng-Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Zak Carter-Schwendler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Matthew R Golder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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5
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Zhang H, Zha H, Liu C, Hong C. Scalable preparation and direct visualization of cyclic polymers via self-folding cyclization technique. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1344-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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6
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Wang Z, Yoon S, Wang J. Breaking the Paradox between Grafting-Through and Depolymerization to Access Recyclable Graft Polymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wang
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, the University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Seiyoung Yoon
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, the University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Junpeng Wang
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, the University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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7
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Progress in polymer single-chain based hybrid nanoparticles. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Chen C, Weil T. Cyclic polymers: synthesis, characteristics, and emerging applications. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:1121-1135. [PMID: 35938292 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00242f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic polymers with a ring-like topology and no chain ends are a unique class of macromolecules. In the past several decades, significant advances have been made to prepare these fascinating polymers, which allow for the exploration of their topological effects and potential applications in various fields. In this Review, we first describe representative synthetic strategies for making cyclic polymers and their derivative topological polymers with more complex structures. Second, the unique physical properties and self-assembly behavior of cyclic polymers are discussed by comparing them with their linear analogues. Special attention is paid to highlight how polymeric rings can assemble into hierarchical macromolecular architectures. Subsequently, representative applications of cyclic polymers in different fields such as drug and gene delivery and surface functionalization are presented. Last, we envision the following key challenges and opportunities for cyclic polymers that may attract future attention: large-scale synthesis, efficient purification, programmable folding and assembly, and expansion of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojian Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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9
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Pal D, Garrison JB, Miao Z, Diodati LE, Veige AS, Sumerlin BS. Nanobowls from Amphiphilic Core–Shell Cyclic Bottlebrush Polymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Digvijayee Pal
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - John B. Garrison
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Zhihui Miao
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Lily E. Diodati
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Adam S. Veige
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Brent S. Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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10
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Tang Q, Ren H, Kochovski Z, Cheng L, Zhang K, Yuan J, Zhang W. Topological Effects on Cyclic Co‐Poly(Ionic Liquid)s Self‐Assembly. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingquan Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430200 China
| | - Hao Ren
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430200 China
| | - Zdravko Kochovski
- Department for Electrochemical Energy Storage Helmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Hahn‐Meitner‐Platz 1 14109 Berlin Germany
| | - Lisheng Cheng
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry The Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University Stockholm 10691 Sweden
| | - Weiyi Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
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11
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Ma C, Quan Y, Zhang J, Sun R, Zhao Q, He X, Liao X, Xie M. Efficient Synthesis and Cyclic Molecular Topology of Ultralarge-Sized Bicyclic and Tetracyclic Polymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuihong Ma
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ying Quan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jinhuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ruyi Sun
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qiuhua Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiao He
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Meiran Xie
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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12
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Multicyclic topology-enhanced anticancer drug delivery. J Control Release 2022; 345:278-291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Golder MR, Morrison CM. Ring-Expansion Metathesis Polymerization Initiator Design for the Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers. Synlett 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1737802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AbstractCyclic polymers are of increasing interest to the synthetic and physical polymer communities due to their unique structures that lack chain ends. This topological distinction results in decreased chain entanglement, lower intrinsic viscosity, and smaller hydrodynamic radii. Many methods for the production of cyclic polymers exist, however, large-scale production of architecturally pure cyclic polymers is challenging. Ring-expansion metathesis polymerization (REMP) is an increasingly promising method to produce cyclic polymers because of the mild and scalable reaction conditions. Herein, a brief history of REMP for the synthesis of cyclic polymers with both ruthenium and non-ruthenium initiators is discussed. Even though REMP is a promising method for synthesizing cyclic polymers, state-of-the-art methods still struggle with poor molar mass control, slow polymerization rates, low conversion, and poor initiator stability. To combat these challenges, our group has developed a tethered ruthenium-benzylidene initiator, CB6, which utilizes design features from ubiquitous Grubbs-type initiators used in linear polymerizations. These structural modifications are shown to improve initiator kinetics, enhance initiator stability, and increase control over the molar mass of the resulting cyclic polymers.1 Introduction2 Ring-Expansion Metathesis Polymerization (REMP) with Ruthenium Initiators3 New Developments in Ruthenium Ring-Expansion Metathesis (REMP) Initiator Design4 Ring-Expansion Metathesis Polymerization (REMP) with Non-Ruthenium Initiators5 Conclusions
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14
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Xie M, Ma C, Quan Y, Sun R, Song W, Liao X. Synthesis of conjugated segments-based cyclic polymers for direct imaging of cyclic molecular topology. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4340-4343. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cc07223d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated polyacetylene-based monocyclic and bicyclic polymers were synthesized by blocking-cyclization metathesis polymerization using the short ladderphanes as the intial motif and multi-cyclizing unit, and fully characterized to elucidate the cyclic...
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15
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Sueyoshi S, Taniguchi T, Tanaka S, Asakawa H, Nishimura T, Maeda K. Understanding the Polymerization of Diphenylacetylenes with Tantalum(V) Chloride and Cocatalysts: Production of Cyclic Poly(diphenylacetylene)s by Low-Valent Tantalum Species Generated in Situ. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16136-16146. [PMID: 34499837 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A systematic investigation of the polymerization of representative diphenylacetylenes with TaCl5 and cocatalysts suggested that low-valent Ta species, which are formed by in situ reduction of TaCl5 by the cocatalysts, are involved in the polymerization and that the polymerization reaction proceeds by an insertion ring expansion mechanism via the formation of tantalacyclopentadiene intermediates, rather than the previously considered metathesis mechanism. This polymerization mechanism indicates the production of unprecedented cis-stereoregular cyclic poly(diphenylacetylene)s. Indeed, the possibilities of a cyclic structure and high cis-stereoregularity of the resulting polymers were reasonably supported by the results of their detailed atomic force microscopy (AFM) and NMR analyses, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingyo Sueyoshi
- Graduate School of Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Saki Tanaka
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Asakawa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.,Nanomaterials Research Institute (NanoMaRi), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.,Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nishimura
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Maeda
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.,Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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16
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Polymer cyclization for the emergence of hierarchical nanostructures. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3959. [PMID: 34172744 PMCID: PMC8233313 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24222-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The creation of synthetic polymer nanoobjects with well-defined hierarchical structures is important for a wide range of applications such as nanomaterial synthesis, catalysis, and therapeutics. Inspired by the programmability and precise three-dimensional architectures of biomolecules, here we demonstrate the strategy of fabricating controlled hierarchical structures through self-assembly of folded synthetic polymers. Linear poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) of different lengths are folded into cyclic polymers and their self-assembly into hierarchical structures is elucidated by various experimental techniques and molecular dynamics simulations. Based on their structural similarity, macrocyclic brush polymers with amphiphilic block side chains are synthesized, which can self-assemble into wormlike and higher-ordered structures. Our work points out the vital role of polymer folding in macromolecular self-assembly and establishes a versatile approach for constructing biomimetic hierarchical assemblies. Synthetic polymer nano-objects with well-defined hierarchical structures are important for a wide range of applications such as nanomaterial synthesis, catalysis, and therapeutics. Here the authors demonstrate the strategy of fabricating controlled hierarchical structures through self-assembly of folded synthetic polymers.
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17
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Zhao Y, Zhu S, Liao C, Wang Y, Lam JWY, Zhou X, Wang X, Xie X, Tang BZ. Cobalt-Mediated Switchable Catalysis for the One-Pot Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16974-16979. [PMID: 34013603 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A cobalt salen pentenoate complex [salen=(R,R)-N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tertbutylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine] is rationally designed as the catalyst for the ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of epoxides/anhydrides/CO2 . Via migratory insertion of carbon monoxide (CO) into the Co-O bonds, the ROCOP-active species α-alkene-ω-O-CoIII (salen) can be rapidly and quantitatively transformed into α-alkene-ω-O2 C-CoIII (salen) telechelic linear precursors. Upon dilution of reaction mixtures, the homolytic cleavage of Co-C bonds induced by visible light generates α-alkene acyl radicals that spontaneously undergo intramolecular radical addition to afford organocobalt-functionalized cyclic polyesters and CO2 -based polycarbonates with excellent regioselectivity. The cyclic products can either react with radical scavengers to generate metal-free cyclic polymers or serve as photo-initiators for organometallic-mediated radical polymerization (OMRP) to produce tadpole-shaped copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Can Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Xingping Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xianhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, CAS, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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18
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Zhao Y, Zhu S, Liao C, Wang Y, Lam JWY, Zhou X, Wang X, Xie X, Tang BZ. Cobalt‐Mediated Switchable Catalysis for the One‐Pot Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Can Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Jacky W. Y. Lam
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Xingping Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Xianhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, CAS Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China
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19
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Wang TW, Huang PR, Chow JL, Kaminsky W, Golder MR. A Cyclic Ruthenium Benzylidene Initiator Platform Enhances Reactivity for Ring-Expansion Metathesis Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7314-7319. [PMID: 33960766 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ring-expansion metathesis polymerization (REMP) has shown potential as an efficient strategy to access cyclic macromolecules. Current approaches that utilize cyclic olefin feedstocks suffer from poor functional group tolerance, low initiator stability, and slow reaction kinetics. Improvements to current initiators will address these issues in order to develop more versatile and user-friendly technologies. Herein, we report a reinvigorated tethered ruthenium-benzylidene initiator, CB6, that utilizes design features from ubiquitous Grubbs-type initiators that are regularly applied in linear polymerizations. We report the controlled synthesis of functionalized cyclic poly(norbornene)s and demonstrate that judicious ligand modifications not only greatly improve kinetics but also lead to enhanced initiator stability. Overall, CB6 is an adaptable platform for the study and application of cyclic macromolecules via REMP.
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20
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Xu J, Wen L, Zhang F, Lin W, Zhang L. Self-assembly of cyclic grafted copolymers with rigid rings and their potential as drug nanocarriers. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 597:114-125. [PMID: 33892419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the performance of polymer micelles by purposeful regulation of their structures is a challenging topic that receives widespread attention. In this study, we systematically conduct a comparative study between cyclic grafted copolymers with rigid and flexible rings in the self-assembly behavior via dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulation. With a focus on the possible stacking ways of rigid rings, we propose the energy-driven packing mechanism of cyclic grafted copolymers with rigid rings. For cyclic grafted copolymers with large ring size (14 and 21-membered rings), rigid rings present a novel channel-layer-combination layout, which is determined by the balance between the potential energy of micelles (Emicelle) and the interaction energy between water and micelles (Eint). Based on this mechanism, we further regulate a series of complex self-assembling structures, including curved rod-like, T-shape, annular and helical micelles. Compared with flexible copolymers, cyclic grafted copolymers with rigid rings provide a larger and loose hydrophobic core and higher structural stability with micelles due to the unique packing way of rigid rings. Therefore, their micelles have a great potential as drug nanocarriers. They possess a better drug loading capacity and disassemble more quickly than flexible counterparts under acidic tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, the endocytosis kinetics of rigid micelles is faster than the flexible counterparts for the adsorption and wrapping process. This study may provide a reasonable idea of structural design for polymer micelles to enhance their performance in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Liyang Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Fusheng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wenjing Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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21
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Kurogi T, Mindiola DJ. Methylidyne Transfer as a Plausible Deactivation Pathway for Ynene Metathesis. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kurogi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Daniel J. Mindiola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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22
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Varlas S, Hua Z, Jones JR, Thomas M, Foster JC, O’Reilly RK. Complementary Nucleobase Interactions Drive the Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Core–Shell Bottlebrush Block Copolymers toward Cylindrical Supramolecules. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Varlas
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Zan Hua
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph R. Jones
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Marjolaine Thomas
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey C. Foster
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel K. O’Reilly
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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23
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Pal D, Miao Z, Garrison JB, Veige AS, Sumerlin BS. Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Macrocyclic Bottlebrushes via Post-Polymerization Modification of a Cyclic Polymer. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Digvijayee Pal
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Zhihui Miao
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - John B. Garrison
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Adam S. Veige
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Brent S. Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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24
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Wang L, Zhu Q, Bai Y. Transition of Ultrathick Polyamide Tubes into Vesicles with Great Stability. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000481. [PMID: 33047435 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This work reports on the transition of a polyamide ultrathick wall microtubes to microvesicles through self-assembly. An amphiphilic polyamide is synthesized first by the solution polycondensation of sodium isophthalate-5-sulfonate (SIPA) and poly(propylene glycol) bis(2-aminopropyl ether) 2000. Then, its self-assembly in aqueous solution is investigated through direct hydration. The size and morphology of the self-assemblies is investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and optical microscope (OM) measurements. The result shows that the as-prepared polyamide first self-assembles to thick walled tubes, then these tubes can gradually evolve to ultrathick wall microvesicles with an unusually thick membrane above 330 nm. Both the transition pathway and the mechanism are investigated in micromicroscopy. Most importantly, the microvesicles show great thermal and chemical stability. The novel superstable self-assembly structures as well as the transition mechanism presented here offer a promising perspective for the application in the scope of the biological membrane movements and nanoelectromechanics in medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Institute of chemical materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621999, P. R. China
| | - Yongping Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China.,Wuxi HIT New Material Research Institute Co., Ltd, Wuxi, 214183, P. R. China
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25
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26
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Muramatsu Y, Takasu A, Higuchi M, Hayashi M. Direct observation of the formation of a cyclic poly(alkyl sorbate) via
chain‐growth
polymerization by an
N
‐heterocyclic
carbene initiator and
ring‐closing
without extreme dilution. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Muramatsu
- Division of Soft Materials, Department of Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan
| | - Akinori Takasu
- Division of Soft Materials, Department of Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan
| | - Masahiro Higuchi
- Division of Soft Materials, Department of Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan
| | - Mikihiro Hayashi
- Division of Soft Materials, Department of Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan
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27
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Meng C, Cao Y, Sun L, Liu Y, Kang G, Ma W, Peng J, Deng K, Ma L, Wei H. Synthesis of cyclic graft polymeric prodrugs with heterogeneous grafts of hydrophilic OEG and reducibly conjugated CPT for controlled release. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:4206-4215. [PMID: 32555884 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00656d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of cyclic graft (cg) copolymer-based polymeric prodrugs by conjugation of drug molecules to cg copolymers via a dynamic covalent bond capable of responding to biorelevant signals integrates simultaneously the merits of cg copolymers and polymeric prodrugs for enhanced stability of nanocarriers and precise modulation of drug release kinetics. To completely eliminate the compromised drug conjugation efficiency due to the steric hindrance of hydrophilic grafts, it will be useful to develop cg polymeric prodrugs with heterogeneous grafts composed of hydrophilic polymers and drug species, respectively. For this purpose, we reported in this study the synthesis of cyclic graft polymeric prodrugs with heterogeneous grafts of hydrophilic oligo (ethylene glycol) (OEG) and reducibly conjugated camptothecin (CPT), cg-poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacrylate)-b-poly((2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-disulfide link-camptothecin) (cg-P(OEGMA)-b-P(HEMA-SS-CPT), cg-prodrugs), via an integrated strategy of a previously reported diblock copolymer-based template and post-polymerization intermolecular click conjugation of a reducible CPT prodrug. The micelles self-assembled from cg-prodrugs on one hand had sufficient salt stability due to the branched cg structure, and on the other hand showed a reduction-triggered cleavage of the disulfide link for a promoted CPT release. Most importantly, we uncovered two interesting phenomena of the cg-based polymeric prodrugs as delivery vehicles: (i) the dimensions of both self-assemblies formed by the cg and bottlegraft (bg) polymers depend substantially on the molecular size of the cg and bg polymers likely due to the steric hindrance of the grafted structures of the cg and bg molecules and relatively low aggregation number of the self-assembled structures, and (ii) cg-prodrug-based micelles exhibited greater in vitro cytotoxicity against cancer cells despite the lower drug loading content (DLC) than the bg-based analogues, which results primarily from the faster reduction-triggered degradation and drug release as well as the greater cellular uptake efficiency of the former micelle prodrugs. Taken together, the developed cg-prodrugs provide great potential for chemotherapy, and the aforementioned interesting results will definitely inspire more upcoming studies on the future design and development of novel cg polymers for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Meng
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study & Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Yufei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Lu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Yuping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Guiying Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Jinlei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Kaicheng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Liwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Hua Wei
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study & Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
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28
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Zhang Z, Nie X, Wang F, Chen G, Huang WQ, Xia L, Zhang WJ, Hao ZY, Hong CY, Wang LH, You YZ. Rhodanine-based Knoevenagel reaction and ring-opening polymerization for efficiently constructing multicyclic polymers. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3654. [PMID: 32694628 PMCID: PMC7374721 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17474-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic polymers have a number of unique physical properties compared with those of their linear counterparts. However, the methods for the synthesis of cyclic polymers are very limited, and some multicyclic polymers are still not accessible now. Here, we found that the five-membered cyclic structure and electron withdrawing groups make methylene in rhodanine highly active to aldehyde via highly efficient Knoevenagel reaction. Also, rhodanine can act as an initiator for anionic ring-opening polymerization of thiirane to produce cyclic polythioethers. Therefore, rhodanine can serve as both an initiator for ring-opening polymerization and a monomer in Knoevenagel polymerization. Via rhodanine-based Knoevenagel reaction, we can easily incorporate rhodanine moieties in the backbone, side chain, branched chain, etc, and correspondingly could produce cyclic structures in the backbone, side chain, branched chain, etc, via rhodanine-based anionic ring-opening polymerization. This rhodanine chemistry would provide easy access to a wide variety of complex multicyclic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Qiang Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Yao Hao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chun-Yan Hong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, People's Republic of China.
| | - Long-Hai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ye-Zi You
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Tan D, Hu X, Cao Z, Luo M, Darensbourg DJ. Zwitterionic Alternating Polymerization to Generate Semicrystalline and Recyclable Cyclic Polythiourethanes. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:866-871. [PMID: 35648520 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of cyclic, semicrystalline, and recyclable polythiourethanes was realized via the catalyst-free zwitterionic alternating copolymerization of N-alkyl aziridines with carbonyl sulfide (COS) under mild conditions. The copolymerization proceeded efficiently at room temperature and generated copolymers with fully alternating linkages in more than 99% selectivity in 5 min under solvent-free conditions. Notably, the copolymers are typical semicrystalline thermoplastics with melting temperatures up to 137 °C (n-butyl-substituted) or 170 °C (ethyl-substituted). The resulting polythiourethanes are predominantly cyclic as evidenced by 1H NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies. Remarkably, the cyclic copolymers could be recycled into N-substituted cyclic thiourethanes in quantitative yield by heating at 250 °C for 2 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Tan
- School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu 215500, China
| | - Xin Hu
- School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu 215500, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Ming Luo
- School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu 215500, China
| | - Donald J. Darensbourg
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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30
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Takashima R, Aoki D, Otsuka H. Rational Entry to Cyclic Polymers via Thermally Induced Radical Ring-Expansion Polymerization of Macrocycles with One Bis(hindered amino)disulfide Linkage. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rikito Takashima
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
- JST-PRESTO, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Otsuka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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31
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Li Z, Li Y, Zhao Y, Wang H, Zhang Y, Song B, Li X, Lu S, Hao XQ, Hla SW, Tu Y, Li X. Synthesis of Metallopolymers and Direct Visualization of the Single Polymer Chain. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:6196-6205. [PMID: 32150680 PMCID: PMC7375330 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
During the past few decades, the study of the single polymer chain has attracted considerable attention with the goal of exploring the structure-property relationship of polymers. It still, however, remains challenging due to the variability and low atomic resolution of the amorphous single polymer chain. Here, we demonstrated a new strategy to visualize the single metallopolymer chain with a hexameric or trimeric supramolecule as a repeat unit, in which Ru(II) with strong coordination and Fe(II) with weak coordination were combined together in a stepwise manner. With the help of ultrahigh-vacuum, low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (UHV-LT-STM) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), we were able to directly visualize both Ru(II) and Fe(II), which act as staining reagents on the repeat units, thus providing detailed structural information for the single polymer chain. As such, the direct visualization of the single random polymer chain is realized to enhance the characterization of polymers at the single-molecule level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikai Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xin-Qi Hao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Saw-Wai Hla
- Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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32
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Wang L, Zhu Q, Ding L, Bai Y. Super stable giant tubes with densely packed multilayer ultrathick membranes self-assembled from amphiphilic polyamide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:2650-2653. [PMID: 32021995 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08227a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This work reports on the preparation of giant tubes with millimeter-scale length, micron diameter and ultrathick walls above 250 nm, from the aqueous self-assembly of a novel amphiphilic polyamide. Most interestingly, the tubes display great chemical and thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
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33
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Senkum H, Gramlich WM. Cationic Bottlebrush Polymers from Quaternary Ammonium Macromonomers by Grafting‐Through Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - William M. Gramlich
- Department of Chemistry University of Maine 5706 Orono ME 04469 USA
- Advanced Structures and Composites Center University of Maine Orono ME 04469 USA
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34
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Liu X, Zhou X, Shen B, Kim Y, Wang H, Pan W, Kim J, Lee M. Porous Nanosheet Assembly for Macrocyclization and Self-Release. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1904-1910. [PMID: 31927918 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Macrocyclic structures are challenging synthetic targets owing to various potential applications ranging from drug discovery to nanomaterials. Their use, however, is highly limited due to synthetic difficulties arising from an entropic penalty for folding of linear chains. Here, we report single-layered porous nanosheets with 2D ordered internal cavities that act as a highly efficient macrocycle generator, changing linear substrates to release as macrocycles in aqueous methanol solution. The nanosheets with hydrophobic cavities encapsulate a linear substrate with nearly perfect uptake, perform clean cyclization, and then spontaneously release as a pure macrocycle. The self-separation of the macrocycle that precipitates from the solution leads to repeated cycles of macrocycle generation; thereby, the single-layered porous materials enabling catch and release offer a powerful novel strategy for repeated macrocycle generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Xiaobin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Bowen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Yongju Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science & Technology , Korea University , Seoul 02841 , Korea
| | - Huaxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Wanting Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Jehan Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Postech , Pohang , Gyeongbuk 790-784 , Korea
| | - Myongsoo Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
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Zhang M, Liu Y, Peng J, Liu Y, Liu F, Ma W, Ma L, Yu CY, Wei H. Facile construction of stabilized, pH-sensitive micelles based on cyclic statistical copolymers of poly(oligo(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate- st-N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) for in vitro anticancer drug delivery. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01076f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study developed a facile approach to improve the colloidal stability of a cyclic polycation as well as presented a pH-sensitive cyclic copolymer-based nanoplatform with great potential for anticancer drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Ying Liu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study & Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
- University of South China
- Hengyang
- China
| | - Jinlei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Yuping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Fangjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Liwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
| | - Cui-Yun Yu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study & Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
- University of South China
- Hengyang
- China
| | - Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
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Ivanov IV, Meleshko TK, Kashina AV, Yakimansky AV. Amphiphilic multicomponent molecular brushes. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent molecular brushes containing amphiphilic polymer moieties are promising objects of research of macromolecular chemistry. The development of stimulus-responsive systems sensitive to changes in environmental parameters, based on the molecular brushes, opens up new possibilities for their applications in medicine, biochemistry and microelectronics. The review presents the current understanding of the structures of main types of amphiphilic multicomponent brushes, depending on the chemical nature and type of coupling of the backbone and side chains. The approaches to the controlled synthesis of multicomponent molecular brushes of different architecture are analyzed. Self-assembly processes of multicomponent molecular brushes in selective solvents are considered.
The bibliography includes 259 references.
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Peng JJ, Panda B, Satyanarayana K, Yang HR, Huang SL, Huang MJ, Chen CH, Lai G, Lai YY, Luh TY. Stereospecific Synthesis of Poly(methylene-E-vinylene) by Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Substituted Cyclopropene Using Grubbs Catalysts. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guoqiao Lai
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
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Grafting‐from Afforded Cyclic Graft Copolymers from Cyclic Anionic Macroinitiator via Lithiation of Tolyl Groups. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Davletbaev RS, Zaripov II, Faizulina ZZ, Davletbaeva IM, Domrachova DS, Gumerov AM. Synthesis and characterization of amphiphilic branched silica derivatives associated with oligomeric medium. RSC Adv 2019; 9:21233-21242. [PMID: 35521337 PMCID: PMC9066018 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra03683k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphiphilic branched silica derivatives associated with oligomeric medium (ASiP) were obtained using tetraethoxysilane, polyoxyethylene glycol and low molecular weight polydimethylsiloxane. The creation of a silica core was based on tetraethoxysilane hydrolysis and condensation reactions by using water and a potassium diethylene glycolate as the catalyst. These reactions proceeded with the sequential participation of polyoxyethylene glycol and polydimethylsiloxane in parallel transetherification reactions. Microporous polymer film based on 2,4-toluene diisocyanate and block copolymers of propylene and ethylene oxides with terminal potassium-alcoholate groups were modified by ASiP. It has been shown that ASiP at the phase interface between thermodynamically incompatible macrochains performs the function of a link. It leads to a significant increase of intermolecular interactions and the supramolecular organization of the modified microporous polymers. The scheme of ASiP formation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Davletbaev
- Kazan National Research Technical University after A.N. Tupolev-KAI 10 Karl Marx str. Kazan Republic of Tatarstan 420111 Russian Federation
| | - I I Zaripov
- Kazan National Research Technical University after A.N. Tupolev-KAI 10 Karl Marx str. Kazan Republic of Tatarstan 420111 Russian Federation
| | - Z Z Faizulina
- Kazan National Research Technological University 68 Karl Marx str Kazan Republic of Tatarstan 420015 Russian Federation
| | - I M Davletbaeva
- Kazan National Research Technological University 68 Karl Marx str Kazan Republic of Tatarstan 420015 Russian Federation
| | - D S Domrachova
- NIOST LLC (SIBUR Corporate R&D Center) 2 Kuzovlevskiy tract, bld. 270 Tomsk 634067 Russian Federation
| | - A M Gumerov
- Kazan National Research Technological University 68 Karl Marx str Kazan Republic of Tatarstan 420015 Russian Federation
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Steinhaus A, Chakroun R, Müllner M, Nghiem TL, Hildebrandt M, Gröschel AH. Confinement Assembly of ABC Triblock Terpolymers for the High-Yield Synthesis of Janus Nanorings. ACS NANO 2019; 13:6269-6278. [PMID: 31082201 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b09546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymers are versatile building blocks for the self-assembly of functional nanostructures in bulk and solution. While spheres, cylinders, and bilayer sheets are thermodynamically preferred shapes and frequently observed, ring-shaped nanoparticles are more challenging to realize due to energetic penalties that originate from their anisotropic curvature. Today, a handful of concepts exist that produce core-shell nanorings, while more complex ( e. g., patchy) nanorings are currently out of reach and have only been predicted theoretically. Here, we demonstrate that confinement assembly of properly designed ABC triblock terpolymers is a general route to synthesize Janus nanorings in high purity. The triblock terpolymer self-assembles in the spherical confinement of nanoemulsion droplets into prolate ellipsoidal microparticles with an axially stacked lamellar-ring ( lr)-morphology. We clarified and visualized this complex, yet well-ordered, morphology with transmission electron tomography. Blocks A and C formed stacks of lamellae with the B microdomain sandwiched in-between as nanorings. Cross-linking of the B-rings allowed disassembly of the microparticles into Janus nanorings carrying two strictly separated polymer brushes of A and C on the top and bottom. Decreasing the B volume leads to Janus spheres and rods, while an increase of B results in perforated and filled Janus disks. The confinement assembly of ABC triblock terpolymers is a general process that can be extended to other block chemistries and will allow to synthesize a large variety of complex micro- and nanoparticles that inspire studies in self-assembly, interfacial stabilization, colloidal packing, and nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Steinhaus
- Physical Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 47057 Duisburg , Germany
| | - Ramzi Chakroun
- Physical Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 47057 Duisburg , Germany
| | - Markus Müllner
- Key Center for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry and The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano) , The University of Sydney , Sydney 2006 , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Tai-Lam Nghiem
- Physical Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 47057 Duisburg , Germany
| | - Marcus Hildebrandt
- Physical Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 47057 Duisburg , Germany
| | - André H Gröschel
- Physical Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 47057 Duisburg , Germany
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45127 Essen , Germany
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Narumi A, Yamada M, Unno Y, Kumaki J, Binder WH, Enomoto K, Kikuchi M, Kawaguchi S. Evaluation of Ring Expansion-Controlled Radical Polymerization System by AFM Observation. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:634-638. [PMID: 35619537 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We here present a direct link between the reaction mechanisms for the ring-expansion "vinyl" polymerization system and atomic force microscopy (AFM) observations. The brush-modification clearly discriminates the desired cyclic species with the contour lengths (Lc) of 28-132 nm and molar masses (MAFM) of 60.2-283 kg mol-1 from the other linear ones. The 293 polymer blushes observed in a 1.0 μm × 1.0 μm AFM image are individually characterized, eventually providing clear answers about the mechanisms of this rare polymerization system, which include ring-expansion vinyl polymerizations to generate cyclic polymers, fusions of the generated cycles to form multimers, and their scission to form linear or ring-opened species. The relationship between the molecular chain lengths and the cyclic versus linear morphologies is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics), Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, Halle (Saale) D-06120, Germany
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Peng J, Zuo C, Xiao Q, Deng K, Meng C, Liu Y, Zhang M, Ma L, Pun SH, Wei H. Synthesis of stimuli-responsive nanosized ring-like colloids and cyclic polymers via a dual-template approach. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3943-3948. [PMID: 31049188 PMCID: PMC6471857 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00450e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ring-like particles have received considerable attention due to their unique interior cavity and properties. However, the preparation of stimuli-responsive nanosized rings with internal size smaller than 100 nm remains unexplored likely due to the challenges encountered in their synthesis. The successful fulfillment of this target will not only significantly enrich the family of ring-like nanoparticles but also build a connection that bridges ring-like nanoparticles and cyclic polymers. For this purpose, we report in this study a controlled synthesis of stimuli-responsive ring-like colloids and cyclic polymers using both star-shaped polymers and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as the dual templates. The first template comprising star-shaped polymers generated a ring-like structure and adoption of β-CD as the second template further restricted the ring thickness to the height of a β-CD, leading to the generation of stimuli-responsive nanosized ring-like colloids with ring thickness less than 1 nm, which shifted the ring-like structure to cyclic polymers with reversible cross-linked disulfide bridges. The reported "dual-template" approach is thus a valuable alternative to the current synthetic strategies toward stimuli-responsive ring-like colloids and cyclic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China .
| | - Cai Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China .
| | - Qi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China .
| | - Kaicheng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China .
| | - Chao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China .
| | - Yuping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China .
| | - Miao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China .
| | - Liwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China .
| | - Suzie H Pun
- Department of Bioengineering , Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , USA
| | - Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China .
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Atomic force microscopy of single polymer chains on a substrate at temperatures above the bulk glass transition temperatures. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Thanneeru S, Li W, He J. Controllable Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Tadpole-Shaped Polymer Single-Chain Nanoparticles Prepared through Intrachain Photo-cross-linking. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:2619-2629. [PMID: 30673287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the use of intramolecular cross-linking chemistry as a tool to control the self-assembly of amphiphilic diblock copolymers (di-BCPs). Two amphiphilic di-BCPs of poly( N, N'-dimethylacrylamide)- block-polystyrene (PDMA- b-PS) with photo-cross-linkable cinnamoyl groups in either hydrophobic or hydrophilic blocks were prepared using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. Intramolecular photo-cross-linking of cinnamoyl groups led to the formation of tadpole-shaped polymer single-chain nanoparticles (SCNPs) consisting of a self-collapsed block as the "head" and an un-cross-linked block as the "tail". When intramolecular photo-cross-linking was carried out in hydrophobic PS blocks, a clear morphological transition from branched cylindrical micelles (for the linear di-BCP) to completely spherical micelles at a dimerization degree of ∼63% was observed. A pattern of morphological transitions from cylindrical micelles to spherical micelles is observed through stepwise downsizing the length of cylindrical micelles when increasing the self-collapse degree of PS blocks, whereas, in case of photo-cross-linking carried out in hydrophilic PDMA blocks, the size of micelles showed a dramatic increase due to the shift of hydrophobic-to-hydrophilic balance. When the cross-linking degree of PDMA blocks reached >60%, tadpole-shaped SCNPs assembled into nonconventional aggregates with a nonsmooth surface. Our results illustrate the impact of chain topologies on the self-assembly outcomes of amphiphilic di-BCPs, which likely opens a door to control the micellar morphologies from just one parent linear di-BCP, rather than resynthesizing BPCs with different volume fractions of the two blocks.
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Lee S, Cheng LC, Yager KG, Mumtaz M, Aissou K, Ross CA. In Situ Study of ABC Triblock Terpolymer Self-Assembly under Solvent Vapor Annealing. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Li-Chen Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kevin G. Yager
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Muhammad Mumtaz
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), CNRS − ENSCPB, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Karim Aissou
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), CNRS − ENSCPB, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Caroline A. Ross
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Abstract
An unstrained palladium-containing macrocycle was expanded by a ring-opening metathesis strategy. This reaction was driven by coordination of a bulky ligand, 2,6-lutidine, to the palladium center, enabling a monometallic macrocycle to transform into a bimetallic dimeric macrocycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Carta
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
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Kim MJ, Yu YG, Chae CG, Seo HB, Bak IG, Mallela YLNK, Lee JS. ω-Norbornenyl Macromonomers: In Situ Synthesis by End-Capping of Living Anionic Polymers Using a Norbornenyl-Functionalized α-Phenyl Acrylate and Their Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Jin Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Guen Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Geun Chae
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Bin Seo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Gyu Bak
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Y. L. N. Kishore Mallela
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Suk Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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50
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Chen J, Li H, Zhang H, Liao X, Han H, Zhang L, Sun R, Xie M. Blocking-cyclization technique for precise synthesis of cyclic polymers with regulated topology. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5310. [PMID: 30552323 PMCID: PMC6294010 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07754-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ring-closure and ring-expansion techniques are the two routes for extensive synthesis of cyclic polymers. Here, we report an alternative blocking-cyclization technique referred to as the third route to prepare cyclic polymers with regulated ring size and ring number by ring-opening metathesis polymerization of di- and monofunctional monomers in a one-pot process, where the polymer intermediates bearing two single-stranded blocks are efficiently cyclized by the cyclizing unit of propagated ladderphane to generate corresponding mono-, bis-, and tricyclic polymers, and the well-defined ladderphane structure plays a crucial role in forming the cyclic topology. Monocyclic polymer is further modified via Alder-ene reaction and the cyclic molecular topology is clearly demonstrated. The diversity features of cyclic polymers are comprehensively revealed. This strategy has broken through the limitations of previous two cyclizing routes, and indeed opens a facile and popular way to various cyclic polymers by commercial Grubbs catalyst and conventional metathesis polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Hongfei Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Hengchen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Huijing Han
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Lidong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Ruyi Sun
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Meiran Xie
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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