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Singh N, Pradhan R, Singh RP, Gupta PK. The role of continental evapotranspiration on water vapour isotopic variability in the troposphere. ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH STUDIES 2023; 59:248-268. [PMID: 37210706 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2023.2212834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Rainforests play an important role in hydrological and carbon cycles, both at regional and global scales. They pump large quantities of moisture from the soil to the atmosphere and are major rainfall hotspots of the world. Satellite-observed stable water isotope ratios have played an essential role in determining sources of moisture in the atmosphere. Satellites provide information about the processes involving vapour transport in different zones of the world, identifying sources of rainfall and distinguishing moisture transport in monsoonal systems. This paper focuses on major rainforests of the world (Southern Amazon, Congo and Northeast India) to understand the role of continental evapotranspiration in influencing tropospheric water vapour. We have used satellite measurements of 1H2H16O/1H216O from Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS), evapotranspiration (ET), solar-induced fluorescence (SIF), precipitation (P), atmospheric reanalysis-derived moisture flux convergence (MFC) and wind to discern the role of ET in influencing water vapour isotopes. A global map of the correlation between δ2Hv and ET-P flux indicates that densely vegetated regions in the tropics show the highest positive correlation (r > 0.5). Using mixing models and observations of specific humidity and isotopic ratio over these forested regions, we discern the source of moisture in pre-wet and wet seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimisha Singh
- Land Hydrology Division, Space Applications Centre (ISRO), Ahmedabad, India
| | - Rohit Pradhan
- Land Hydrology Division, Space Applications Centre (ISRO), Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Praveen K Gupta
- Land Hydrology Division, Space Applications Centre (ISRO), Ahmedabad, India
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2
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Shi M, Worden JR, Bailey A, Noone D, Risi C, Fu R, Worden S, Herman R, Payne V, Pagano T, Bowman K, Bloom AA, Saatchi S, Liu J, Fisher JB. Amazonian terrestrial water balance inferred from satellite-observed water vapor isotopes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2686. [PMID: 35562340 PMCID: PMC9106687 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30317-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Atmospheric humidity and soil moisture in the Amazon forest are tightly coupled to the region’s water balance, or the difference between two moisture fluxes, evapotranspiration minus precipitation (ET-P). However, large and poorly characterized uncertainties in both fluxes, and in their difference, make it challenging to evaluate spatiotemporal variations of water balance and its dependence on ET or P. Here, we show that satellite observations of the HDO/H2O ratio of water vapor are sensitive to spatiotemporal variations of ET-P over the Amazon. When calibrated by basin-scale and mass-balance estimates of ET-P derived from terrestrial water storage and river discharge measurements, the isotopic data demonstrate that rainfall controls wet Amazon water balance variability, but ET becomes important in regulating water balance and its variability in the dry Amazon. Changes in the drivers of ET, such as above ground biomass, could therefore have a larger impact on soil moisture and humidity in the dry (southern and eastern) Amazon relative to the wet Amazon. The evolution of the Amazon forest is tightly coupled to its terrestrial water balance. Here, the authors show that forest biomass changes in the Amazon are a driver of the spatiotemporal variation of evapotranspiration, and such changes could have a larger impact on water availability in the dry regions (southern, eastern) of the Amazon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Shi
- Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA, USA.
| | - John R Worden
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
| | - Adriana Bailey
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - David Noone
- University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Camille Risi
- Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, Paris, France
| | - Rong Fu
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Robert Herman
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Vivienne Payne
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Pagano
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Bowman
- Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - A Anthony Bloom
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Sassan Saatchi
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Junjie Liu
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.,California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Joshua B Fisher
- Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, CA, USA
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3
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Tada M, Yoshimura K, Toride K. Improving weather forecasting by assimilation of water vapor isotopes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18067. [PMID: 34521864 PMCID: PMC8440787 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97476-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stable water isotopes, which depend on meteorology and terrain, are important indicators of global water circulation. During the past 10 years, major advances have been made in general circulation models that include water isotopes, and the understanding of water isotopes has greatly progressed as a result of innovative, improved observation techniques. However, no previous studies have combined modeled and observed isotopes using data assimilation, nor have they investigated the impacts of real observations of isotopes. This is the first study to assimilate real satellite observations of isotopes using a general circulation model, then investigate the impacts on global dynamics and local phenomena. The results showed that assimilating isotope data improved not only the water isotope field but also meteorological variables such as air temperature and wind speed. Furthermore, the forecast skills of these variables were improved by a few percent, compared with a model that did not assimilate isotope observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Tada
- Japan Weather Association, 55F Sunshine City 60, Higashiikebukuro 3-1-1, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 170-6055, Japan
| | - Kei Yoshimura
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8574, Japan.
| | - Kinya Toride
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8574, Japan.,Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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4
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Villanueva GL, Liuzzi G, Crismani MMJ, Aoki S, Vandaele AC, Daerden F, Smith MD, Mumma MJ, Knutsen EW, Neary L, Viscardy S, Thomas IR, Lopez-Valverde MA, Ristic B, Patel MR, Holmes JA, Bellucci G, Lopez-Moreno JJ. Water heavily fractionated as it ascends on Mars as revealed by ExoMars/NOMAD. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/7/eabc8843. [PMID: 33568473 PMCID: PMC7875534 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc8843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Isotopic ratios and, in particular, the water D/H ratio are powerful tracers of the evolution and transport of water on Mars. From measurements performed with ExoMars/NOMAD, we observe marked and rapid variability of the D/H along altitude on Mars and across the whole planet. The observations (from April 2018 to April 2019) sample a broad range of events on Mars, including a global dust storm, the evolution of water released from the southern polar cap during southern summer, the equinox phases, and a short but intense regional dust storm. In three instances, we observe water at very high altitudes (>80 km), the prime region where water is photodissociated and starts its escape to space. Rayleigh distillation appears the be the driving force affecting the D/H in many cases, yet in some instances, the exchange of water reservoirs with distinctive D/H could be responsible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuliano Liuzzi
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
- Department of Physics, American University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Matteo M J Crismani
- NPP/USRA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
- California State University, San Bernardino, Department of Physics, CA USA
| | - Shohei Aoki
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
- University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Frank Daerden
- California State University, San Bernardino, Department of Physics, CA USA
| | | | | | - Elise W Knutsen
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
- Department of Physics, American University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lori Neary
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Ian R Thomas
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Bojan Ristic
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
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5
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Pradhan R, Singh N, Singh RP. Onset of summer monsoon in Northeast India is preceded by enhanced transpiration. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18646. [PMID: 31819130 PMCID: PMC6901459 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55186-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Variations in isotopic composition of water vapor in the atmosphere is an important indicator of the processes within the hydrological cycle. Isotopic signature of water vapor and precipitation can be helpful in partitioning evaporation and transpiration fluxes. It is well known that transpiration from forested regions supplies a significant amount of vapor to the atmosphere in monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Here, we utilize observations from Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES), Atmospheric Infra-Red Sounder (AIRS) and simulation models to ascertain that transpiration is dominant in the forests of Northeast India (NE) during pre-monsoon season. Our results show an increase in δD of 78.0 ± 7.1‰ and in specific humidity of 3.1 ± 0.2 g kg-1 during the pre-monsoon months of April-May compared to January-February. In the monsoon months of July-August, δD reduces by 53.0 ± 6.5‰ albeit the specific humidity increases by 3.4 ± 0.2 g kg-1. Using joint observations of specific humidity and isotope ratio in lower troposphere, we discern the moisture sources over NE India in pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons and posit the role of transpiration in continental recycling during pre-monsoon season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Pradhan
- Land Hydrology Division, Space Applications Centre (ISRO), Ahmedabad, 380 015, India.
| | - Nimisha Singh
- Land Hydrology Division, Space Applications Centre (ISRO), Ahmedabad, 380 015, India
| | - Raghavendra P Singh
- Land Hydrology Division, Space Applications Centre (ISRO), Ahmedabad, 380 015, India
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6
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Dee SG, Nusbaumer J, Bailey A, Russell JM, Lee JE, Konecky B, Buenning NH, Noone DC. Tracking the Strength of the Walker Circulation with Stable Isotopes in Water Vapor. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2018; 123:7254-7270. [PMID: 30467529 PMCID: PMC6242291 DOI: 10.1029/2017jd027915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
General circulation models (GCMs) predict that the global hydrological cycle will change in response to anthropogenic warming. However, these predictions remain uncertain, in particular for precipitation [IPCC, 2013]. Held and Soden [2006] suggest that as lower-tropospheric water vapor concentration increases in a warming climate, the atmospheric circulation and convective mass fluxes will weaken. Unfortunately, this process is difficult to constrain, as convective mass fluxes are poorly observed and incompletely simulated in GCMs. Here, we demonstrate that stable hydrogen isotope ratios in tropical atmospheric water vapor can trace changes in temperature, atmospheric circulation and convective mass flux in a warming world. We evaluate changes in temperature, the distribution of water vapor, vertical velocity (ω) and advection, and water isotopes in vapor (δD V ) in water isotopeenabled GCM experiments for modern vs. high CO 2 atmospheres to identify spatial patterns of circulation change over the tropical Pacific. We find that slowing circulation in the tropical Pacific moistens the lower troposphere and weakens convective mass flux, both of which impact the δD of water vapor in the mid-troposphere. Our findings constitute a critical demonstration of how water isotope ratios in the tropical Pacific respond to changes in radiative forcing and atmospheric warming. Moreover, as changes in δD V can be observed by satellites, our results develop new metrics for the detection of global warming impacts to the hydrological cycle and, specifically, the strength of the Walker Circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia G Dee
- Brown University, Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Providence, RI 02912
- Brown University, Institute at Brown for Environment and Society, Providence, RI 02912
| | | | | | - James M Russell
- Brown University, Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Providence, RI 02912
- Brown University, Institute at Brown for Environment and Society, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Jung-Eun Lee
- Brown University, Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Providence, RI 02912
- Brown University, Institute at Brown for Environment and Society, Providence, RI 02912
| | | | - Nikolaus H Buenning
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089
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7
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Galewsky J, Steen-Larsen HC, Field RD, Worden J, Risi C, Schneider M. Stable isotopes in atmospheric water vapor and applications to the hydrologic cycle. REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS (WASHINGTON, D.C. : 1985) 2016; 54:809-865. [PMID: 32661517 PMCID: PMC7357203 DOI: 10.1002/2015rg000512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The measurement and simulation of water vapor isotopic composition has matured rapidly over the last decade, with long-term datasets and comprehensive modeling capabilities now available. Theories for water vapor isotopic composition have been developed by extending the theories that have been used for the isotopic composition of precipitation to include a more nuanced understanding of evaporation, large-scale mixing, deep convection, and kinetic fractionation. The technologies for in-situ and remote sensing measurements of water vapor isotopic composition have developed especially rapidly over the last decade, with discrete water vapor sampling methods, based on mass spectroscopy, giving way to laser spectroscopic methods and satellite- and ground-based infrared absorption techniques. The simulation of water vapor isotopic composition has evolved from General Circulation Model (GCM) methods for simulating precipitation isotopic composition to sophisticated isotope-enabled microphysics schemes using higher-order moments for water- and ice-size distributions. The incorporation of isotopes into GCMs has enabled more detailed diagnostics of the water cycle and has led to improvements in its simulation. The combination of improved measurement and modeling of water vapor isotopic composition opens the door to new advances in our understanding of the atmospheric water cycle, in processes ranging from the marine boundary layer, through deep convection and tropospheric mixing, and into the water cycle of the stratosphere. Finally, studies of the processes governing modern water vapor isotopic composition provide an improved framework for the interpretation of paleoclimate proxy records of the hydrological cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Galewsky
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | | | - Robert D Field
- NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - John Worden
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Camille Risi
- Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-ASF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
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8
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Diagnosing Atmospheric Influences on the Interannual 18O/16O Variations in Western U.S. Precipitation. WATER 2013. [DOI: 10.3390/w5031116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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9
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Soderberg K, Good SP, O'Connor M, Wang L, Ryan K, Caylor KK. Using atmospheric trajectories to model the isotopic composition of rainfall in central Kenya. Ecosphere 2013. [DOI: 10.1890/es12-00160.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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10
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Regional scale high resolution δ18O prediction in precipitation using MODIS EVI. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45496. [PMID: 23029053 PMCID: PMC3446878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural variation in stable water isotope ratio data, also known as water isoscape, is a spatiotemporal fingerprint and a powerful natural tracer that has been widely applied in disciplines as diverse as hydrology, paleoclimatology, ecology and forensic investigation. Although much effort has been devoted to developing a predictive water isoscape model, it remains a central challenge for scientists to generate high accuracy, fine scale spatiotemporal water isoscape prediction. Here we develop a novel approach of using the MODIS-EVI (the Moderate Resolution Imagining Spectroradiometer-Enhanced Vegetation Index), to predict δ18O in precipitation at the regional scale. Using a structural equation model, we show that the EVI and precipitated δ18O are highly correlated and thus the EVI is a good predictor of precipitated δ18O. We then test the predictability of our EVI-δ18O model and demonstrate that our approach can provide high accuracy with fine spatial (250×250 m) and temporal (16 days) scale δ18O predictions (annual and monthly predictabilities [r] are 0.96 and 0.80, respectively). We conclude the merging of the EVI and δ18O in precipitation can greatly extend the spatial and temporal data availability and thus enhance the applicability for both the EVI and water isoscape.
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11
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Lee JE, Risi C, Fung I, Worden J, Scheepmaker RA, Lintner B, Frankenberg C. Asian monsoon hydrometeorology from TES and SCIAMACHY water vapor isotope measurements and LMDZ simulations: Implications for speleothem climate record interpretation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd017133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Saurer M, Kress A, Leuenberger M, Rinne KT, Treydte KS, Siegwolf RTW. Influence of atmospheric circulation patterns on the oxygen isotope ratio of tree rings in the Alpine region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Risi C, Noone D, Worden J, Frankenberg C, Stiller G, Kiefer M, Funke B, Walker K, Bernath P, Schneider M, Wunch D, Sherlock V, Deutscher N, Griffith D, Wennberg PO, Strong K, Smale D, Mahieu E, Barthlott S, Hase F, García O, Notholt J, Warneke T, Toon G, Sayres D, Bony S, Lee J, Brown D, Uemura R, Sturm C. Process-evaluation of tropospheric humidity simulated by general circulation models using water vapor isotopologues: 1. Comparison between models and observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Risi C, Noone D, Worden J, Frankenberg C, Stiller G, Kiefer M, Funke B, Walker K, Bernath P, Schneider M, Bony S, Lee J, Brown D, Sturm C. Process-evaluation of tropospheric humidity simulated by general circulation models using water vapor isotopic observations: 2. Using isotopic diagnostics to understand the mid and upper tropospheric moist bias in the tropics and subtropics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Berkelhammer M, Risi C, Kurita N, Noone DC. The moisture source sequence for the Madden-Julian Oscillation as derived from satellite retrievals of HDO and H2O. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Forcing of wet phases in southeast Africa over the past 17,000 years. Nature 2011; 480:509-12. [PMID: 22193106 DOI: 10.1038/nature10685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Intense debate persists about the climatic mechanisms governing hydrologic changes in tropical and subtropical southeast Africa since the Last Glacial Maximum, about 20,000 years ago. In particular, the relative importance of atmospheric and oceanic processes is not firmly established. Southward shifts of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) driven by high-latitude climate changes have been suggested as a primary forcing, whereas other studies infer a predominant influence of Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures on regional rainfall changes. To address this question, a continuous record representing an integrated signal of regional climate variability is required, but has until now been missing. Here we show that remote atmospheric forcing by cold events in the northern high latitudes appears to have been the main driver of hydro-climatology in southeast Africa during rapid climate changes over the past 17,000 years. Our results are based on a reconstruction of precipitation and river discharge changes, as recorded in a marine sediment core off the mouth of the Zambezi River, near the southern boundary of the modern seasonal ITCZ migration. Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures did not exert a primary control over southeast African hydrologic variability. Instead, phases of high precipitation and terrestrial discharge occurred when the ITCZ was forced southwards during Northern Hemisphere cold events, such as Heinrich stadial 1 (around 16,000 years ago) and the Younger Dryas (around 12,000 years ago), or when local summer insolation was high in the late Holocene, that is, during the past 4,000 years.
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17
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Tremoy G, Vimeux F, Cattani O, Mayaki S, Souley I, Favreau G. Measurements of water vapor isotope ratios with wavelength-scanned cavity ring-down spectroscopy technology: new insights and important caveats for deuterium excess measurements in tropical areas in comparison with isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:3469-3480. [PMID: 22095494 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The new infrared laser spectroscopic techniques enable us to measure the isotopic composition (δ(18)O and δ(2)H) of atmospheric water vapor. With the objective of monitoring the isotopic composition of tropical water vapor (West Africa, South America), and to discuss deuterium excess variability (d=δ(2)H - 8δ(18)O) with an accuracy similar to measurements arising from isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), we have conducted a number of tests and calibrations using a wavelength-scanned cavity ring-down spectroscopy (WS-CRDS) technique. We focus in this paper on four main aspects regarding (1) the tubing material, (2) the humidity calibration of the instrument, (3) the water vapor concentration effects on δ, and (4) the isotopic calibration of the instrument. First, we show that Synflex tubing strongly affects δ(2)H measurements and thus leads to unusable d values. Second, we show that the mixing ratio as measured by WS-CRDS has to be calibrated versus atmospheric mixing ratio measurements and we also suggest possible non-linear effects over the whole mixing ratio range (~2 to 20 g/kg). Third, we show that significant non-linear effects are induced by water vapor concentration variations on δ measurements, especially for mixing ratios lower than ~5 g/kg. This effect induces a 5 to 10‰ error in deuterium excess and is instrument-dependent. Finally, we show that an isotopic calibration (comparison between measured and true values of isotopic water standards) is needed to avoid errors on deuterium excess that can attain ~10‰.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Tremoy
- Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), UMR 8212 (CEA-CNRS-UVSQ), CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, Bât. 701, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France.
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18
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Noone D, Galewsky J, Sharp ZD, Worden J, Barnes J, Baer D, Bailey A, Brown DP, Christensen L, Crosson E, Dong F, Hurley JV, Johnson LR, Strong M, Toohey D, Van Pelt A, Wright JS. Properties of air mass mixing and humidity in the subtropics from measurements of the D/H isotope ratio of water vapor at the Mauna Loa Observatory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd015773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Noone
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Joseph Galewsky
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; University of New Mexico; Albuquerque New Mexico USA
| | - Zachary D. Sharp
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; University of New Mexico; Albuquerque New Mexico USA
| | - John Worden
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - John Barnes
- Mauna Loa Observatory; National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration; Hilo Hawaii USA
| | - Doug Baer
- Los Gatos Research, Inc.; Mountain View California USA
| | - Adriana Bailey
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Derek P. Brown
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Lance Christensen
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | | | - Feng Dong
- Los Gatos Research, Inc.; Mountain View California USA
| | - John V. Hurley
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; University of New Mexico; Albuquerque New Mexico USA
| | - Leah R. Johnson
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; University of New Mexico; Albuquerque New Mexico USA
| | - Mel Strong
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; University of New Mexico; Albuquerque New Mexico USA
| | - Darin Toohey
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | - Jonathon S. Wright
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
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Yoshimura K, Frankenberg C, Lee J, Kanamitsu M, Worden J, Röckmann T. Comparison of an isotopic atmospheric general circulation model with new quasi-global satellite measurements of water vapor isotopologues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Werner M, Langebroek PM, Carlsen T, Herold M, Lohmann G. Stable water isotopes in the ECHAM5 general circulation model: Toward high-resolution isotope modeling on a global scale. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd015681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Risi C, Bony S, Vimeux F, Frankenberg C, Noone D, Worden J. Understanding the Sahelian water budget through the isotopic composition of water vapor and precipitation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Risi
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
- Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique; Paris France
| | | | - Françoise Vimeux
- Insitut de Recherche pour le Développement; Laboratoire HydroSciences Montpellier (UMR, CNRS, IRD, UM1, UM2) and Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (UMR CEA-CNRS-UVSQ); Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Christian Frankenberg
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - David Noone
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado at Boulder; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - John Worden
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
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Field RD, Jones DBA, Brown DP. Effects of postcondensation exchange on the isotopic composition of water in the atmosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert D. Field
- Department of Physics; University of Toronto; Toronto Canada
| | | | - Derek P. Brown
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
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Deshpande RD, Maurya AS, Kumar B, Sarkar A, Gupta SK. Rain-vapor interaction and vapor source identification using stable isotopes from semiarid western India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yoshimura K, Kanamitsu M, Dettinger M. Regional downscaling for stable water isotopes: A case study of an atmospheric river event. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Galewsky J, Hurley JV. An advection-condensation model for subtropical water vapor isotopic ratios. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd013651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Risi C, Bony S, Vimeux F, Jouzel J. Water-stable isotopes in the LMDZ4 general circulation model: Model evaluation for present-day and past climates and applications to climatic interpretations of tropical isotopic records. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd013255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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