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Briggs G, Klaasen K, Thorpe T, Wellman J, Baum W. Martian dynamical phenomena during June-November 1976: Viking Orbiter imaging results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/js082i028p04121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Greeley R, Theilig E, Guest JE, Carr MH, Masursky H, Cutts JA. Geology of Chryse Planitia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/js082i028p04093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Veverka J, Thomas P, Greeley R. A study of variable features on Mars during the Viking primary mission. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/js082i028p04167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Greeley R, Skypeck A, Pollack JB. Martian aeolian features and deposits: Comparisons with general circulation model results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/92je02580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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White BR, Greeley R, Iversen JD, Pollack JB. Estimated grain saltation in a Martian atmosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jb081i032p05643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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McGetchin TR, Settle M, Chouet BA. Cinder cone growth modeled after Northeast Crater, Mount Etna, Sicily. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jb079i023p03257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Malin MC, Bell JF, Cantor BA, Caplinger MA, Calvin WM, Clancy RT, Edgett KS, Edwards L, Haberle RM, James PB, Lee SW, Ravine MA, Thomas PC, Wolff MJ. Context Camera Investigation on board the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006je002808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 805] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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Sullivan R, Banfield D, Bell JF, Calvin W, Fike D, Golombek M, Greeley R, Grotzinger J, Herkenhoff K, Jerolmack D, Malin M, Ming D, Soderblom LA, Squyres SW, Thompson S, Watters WA, Weitz CM, Yen A. Aeolian processes at the Mars Exploration Rover Meridiani Planum landing site. Nature 2005; 436:58-61. [PMID: 16001061 DOI: 10.1038/nature03641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2004] [Accepted: 04/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The martian surface is a natural laboratory for testing our understanding of the physics of aeolian (wind-related) processes in an environment different from that of Earth. Martian surface markings and atmospheric opacity are time-variable, indicating that fine particles at the surface are mobilized regularly by wind. Regolith (unconsolidated surface material) at the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity's landing site has been affected greatly by wind, which has created and reoriented bedforms, sorted grains, and eroded bedrock. Aeolian features here preserve a unique record of changing wind direction and wind strength. Here we present an in situ examination of a martian bright wind streak, which provides evidence consistent with a previously proposed formational model for such features. We also show that a widely used criterion for distinguishing between aeolian saltation- and suspension-dominated grain behaviour is different on Mars, and that estimated wind friction speeds between 2 and 3 m s(-1), most recently from the northwest, are associated with recent global dust storms, providing ground truth for climate model predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sullivan
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA.
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Edgett KS. Low-albedo surfaces and eolian sediment: Mars Orbiter Camera views of western Arabia Terra craters and wind streaks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001je001587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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10
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Pelkey SM, Jakosky BM, Mellon MT. Thermal inertia of crater-related wind streaks on Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000je001433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Malin MC, Edgett KS. Mars Global Surveyor Mars Orbiter Camera: Interplanetary cruise through primary mission. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000je001455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 671] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Edgett KS, Malin MC. New views of Mars eolian activity, materials, and surface properties: Three vignettes from the Mars Global Surveyor Mars Orbiter Camera. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999je001152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Craddock RA, Maxwell TA, Howard AD. Crater morphometry and modification in the Sinus Sabaeus and Margaritifer Sinus regions of Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97je01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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14
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Crumpler LS. Geotraverse from Xanthe Terra to Chryse Planitia: Viking 1 Lander region, Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/96je03421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Abstract
In order to determine the nature of Martian aeolian processes, an investigation is in progress which involves wind tunnel simulations, geologic field studies, theoretical model studies, and analyses of
Mariner 9
imagery; this report presents the preliminary results. Threshold speed experiments were conducted for particles ranging in relative density from 1.3 to 11.35 and diameter from 10.2 to 1290
μ
m to verify and better define Bagnold’s (1941) expression for grain movement, particularly for low particle Reynolds numbers and to study the effects of aerodynamic lift and surface roughness. Wind tunnel simulations were conducted to determine the flow field over raised rim craters and associated zones of deposition and erosion. A horseshoe vortex forms around the crater, resulting in two axial velocity maxima in the lee of the crater which cause a zone of preferential erosion in the wake of the crater. Reverse flow direction occurs on the floor of the crater. The result is a distinct pattern of erosion and deposition which is similar to some Martian craters and which indicates that
some
dark zones around Martian craters are erosional and some light zones are depositional. Analyses of the erosional and depositional zones associated with a 6 m raised rim crater on an open field and a 1.2 km natural impact crater tentatively confirm the wind tunnel results. Application of the wind tunnel results to Mars indicates that for flat surfaces, free stream winds in excess of 400 km/h are required for grain movement. However, lower velocities would be required in regions of high surface roughness, e. g. cratered terrain, and it is proposed that such regions could be zones of origin for some Martian dust storms. Analysis of the Coriolis effect on surface stress shows that surface streaks would be deflected about 15° from the geostrophic wind direction at mid-latitudes.
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Greeley R, Schubert G, Limonadi D, Bender KC, Newman WI, Thomas PE, Weitz CM, Wall SD. Wind streaks on venus: clues to atmospheric circulation. Science 1994; 263:358-61. [PMID: 17769799 DOI: 10.1126/science.263.5145.358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Magellan images reveal surface features on Venus attributed to wind processes. Sand dunes, wind-sculpted hills, and more than 5830 wind streaks have been identified. The streaks serve as local "wind vanes," representing wind direction at the time of streak formation and allowing the first global mapping of near-surface wind patterns on Venus. Wind streaks are oriented both toward the equator and toward the west. When streaks associated with local transient events, such as impact cratering, are deleted, the westward component is mostly lost but the equatorward component remains. This pattern is consistent with a Hadley circulation of the lower atmosphere.
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Malin MC, Danielson GE, Ingersoll AP, Masursky H, Veverka J, Ravine MA, Soulanille TA. Mars Observer camera. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/92je00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Greeley R, Arvidson RE, Elachi C, Geringer MA, Plaut JJ, Saunders RS, Schubert G, Stofan ER, Thouvenot EJP, Wall SD, Weitz CM. Aeolian features on Venus: Preliminary Magellan results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/92je00980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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El-Baz F, Breed CS, Grolier MJ, McCauley JF. Eolian features in the western desert of Egypt and some applications to Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1979. [DOI: 10.1029/jb084ib14p08205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Thomas P, Veverka J. Seasonal and secular variation of wind streaks on Mars: An analysis of Mariner 9 and Viking data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1979. [DOI: 10.1029/jb084ib14p08131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Zimbelman JR, Kieffer HH. Thermal mapping of the northern equatorial and temperate latitudes of Mars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1979. [DOI: 10.1029/jb084ib14p08239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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