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Burford BP, Schlining KL, Reisenbichler KR, Robison BH. Pelagic shrimp play dead in deep oxygen minima. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207249. [PMID: 30485334 PMCID: PMC6261571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pelagic crustaceans are arguably the most abundant group of metazoans on Earth, yet little is known about their natural behavior. The deep pelagic shrimp Hymenopenaeus doris is a common decapod that thrives in low oxygen layers of the eastern Pacific Ocean. When first observed in situ using a remotely operated vehicle, most specimens of H. doris appeared dead due to inactivity and inverted orientation. Closer inspection revealed that these animals were utilizing small, subtle shifts in appendage position to control their orientation and sink rate. In this mode, they resembled molted shrimp exoskeletons. We hypothesize that these shrimp may avoid capture by visually-cued predators with this characteristic behavior. The low metabolic rates of H. doris (0.55-0.81 mg O2 kg-1 min-1) are similar to other deep-living shrimp, and also align with their high hypoxia tolerance and reduced activity. We observed similar behavior in another deep pelagic decapod, Petalidium suspiriosum, which transiently inhabited Monterey Canyon, California, during a period of anomalously warm ocean conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin P. Burford
- Department of Biology, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, California, United States of America
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Kyra L. Schlining
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California, United States of America
| | - Kim R. Reisenbichler
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California, United States of America
| | - Bruce H. Robison
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California, United States of America
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2
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Tsuboi M, Husby A, Kotrschal A, Hayward A, Buechel SD, Zidar J, Løvlie H, Kolm N. Comparative support for the expensive tissue hypothesis: Big brains are correlated with smaller gut and greater parental investment in Lake Tanganyika cichlids. Evolution 2014; 69:190-200. [PMID: 25346264 PMCID: PMC4312921 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The brain is one of the most energetically expensive organs in the vertebrate body. Consequently, the energetic requirements of encephalization are suggested to impose considerable constraints on brain size evolution. Three main hypotheses concerning how energetic constraints might affect brain evolution predict covariation between brain investment and (1) investment into other costly tissues, (2) overall metabolic rate, and (3) reproductive investment. To date, these hypotheses have mainly been tested in homeothermic animals and the existing data are inconclusive. However, there are good reasons to believe that energetic limitations might play a role in large-scale patterns of brain size evolution also in ectothermic vertebrates. Here, we test these hypotheses in a group of ectothermic vertebrates, the Lake Tanganyika cichlid fishes. After controlling for the effect of shared ancestry and confounding ecological variables, we find a negative association between brain size and gut size. Furthermore, we find that the evolution of a larger brain is accompanied by increased reproductive investment into egg size and parental care. Our results indicate that the energetic costs of encephalization may be an important general factor involved in the evolution of brain size also in ectothermic vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Tsuboi
- Evolutionary Biology Centre, Department of Ecology and Genetics/Animal Ecology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, SE-75236, Uppsala, Sweden.
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3
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Modica L, Cartes JE, Carrassón M. Food consumption of five deep-sea fishes in the Balearic Basin (western Mediterranean Sea): are there daily feeding rhythms in fishes living below 1000 m? JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2014; 85:800-820. [PMID: 25052896 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Predation and food consumption of five deep-sea fish species living below 1000 m depth in the western Mediterranean Sea were analysed to identify the feeding patterns and food requirements of a deep-sea fish assemblage. A feeding rhythm was observed for Risso's smooth-head Alepocephalus rostratus, Mediterranean grenadier Coryphaenoides mediterraeus and Mediterranean codling Lepidion lepidion. Differences in the patterns of the prey consumed suggest that feeding rhythms at such depths are linked with prey availability. The diets of those predators with feeding rhythms are based principally on active-swimmer prey, including pelagic prey known to perform vertical migrations. The diets of Günther's grenadier Coryphaenoides guentheri and smallmouth spiny eel Polyacanthonotus rissoanus, which did not show any rhythm in their feeding patterns, are based mainly on benthic prey. Food consumption estimates were low (<1% of body wet mass day(-1) ). Pelagic feeding species showing diel feeding rhythms consumed more food than benthic feeding species with no feeding rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Modica
- Dipartimento per lo studio del Territorio e delle sue Risorse, Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genova, Italy
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Childress JJ. Are there physiological and biochemical adaptations of metabolism in deep-sea animals? Trends Ecol Evol 2012; 10:30-6. [PMID: 21236941 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5347(00)88957-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
From the earliest observations of deep-sea animals, it was obvious that they differed in many ways from shallower-living relatives. Over the years, there has been speculation that deep-sea animals have unusually low rates of biological activity; numerous adaptive scenarios explaining this have ben offered. However, these speculations and scenarios have rarely been tested due to the difficulty of data collection and the inevitable confounding of a number of major variables which covary with depth. In recent years, study of the metabolic properties of animals of several phyla from widely differing deep-sea habitats, including the hydrthermal vents, has made it possible, using comparative approaches, to test hypotheses concerning the metabolic adaptations of deep-sea animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Childress
- Division of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, Dept of Biological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
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5
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George RY. What adaptive strategies promote immigration and spegiation in deep-sea environment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00364827.1979.10411364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Drazen JC, Yeh J, Friedman J, Condon N. Metabolism and enzyme activities of hagfish from shallow and deep water of the Pacific Ocean. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2011; 159:182-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2011.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Revised: 02/20/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yayanos AA. Recovery and maintenance of live amphipods at a pressure of 580 bars from an ocean depth of 5700 meters. Science 2010; 200:1056-9. [PMID: 17740699 DOI: 10.1126/science.200.4345.1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Amphipods were collected from an ocean depth of 5700 meters in a windowed pressure-retaining trap, kept alive in the trap for as long as 9 days aboard ship, and transported to a land laboratory. Observations suggest that the animals can easily tolerate decompressions of 29 percent and briefly of 70 percent of the value of 580 bars, the pressure of their natural habitat. The average pleopod beat frequency was 106 beats per minute. Evidence suggests that food (fish bait) can have at least a 4-day residence time in the gut of these animals.
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Felbeck H. Chemoautotrophic Potential of the Hydrothermal Vent Tube Worm, Riftia pachyptila Jones (Vestimentifera). Science 2010; 213:336-8. [PMID: 17819905 DOI: 10.1126/science.213.4505.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Trophosome tissue of the hydrothermal vent tube worm, Riftia pachyptila (Vestimentifera), contains high activities of several enzymes associated with chemoautotrophic existence. Enzymes catalyzing synthesis of adenosine triphosphate using energy contained in sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, and two diagnostic enzymes of the Calvin-Benson cycle of carbon dioxide fixation, ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase and ribulose 5-phosphate kinase, are present at high levels in trophosome, but are absent in muscle. These data are consistent with an autotrophic mode of nutrition for this worm, which lives in hydrogen sulfide-rich waters and lacks a mouth and digestive system.
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Walker MG, Santer RM, Benjamin M, Norman D. Heart structure of some deep-sea fish (Teleostei: Macrouridae). J Zool (1987) 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1985.tb05614.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Perry S, Vulesevic B, Braun M, Gilmour K. Ventilation in Pacific hagfish (Eptatretus stoutii) during exposure to acute hypoxia or hypercapnia. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2009; 167:227-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2009.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2009] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 04/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Seibel BA, Drazen JC. The rate of metabolism in marine animals: environmental constraints, ecological demands and energetic opportunities. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2008; 362:2061-78. [PMID: 17510016 PMCID: PMC2442854 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2007.2101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The rates of metabolism in animals vary tremendously throughout the biosphere. The origins of this variation are a matter of active debate with some scientists highlighting the importance of anatomical or environmental constraints, while others emphasize the diversity of ecological roles that organisms play and the associated energy demands. Here, we analyse metabolic rates in diverse marine taxa, with special emphasis on patterns of metabolic rate across a depth gradient, in an effort to understand the extent and underlying causes of variation. The conclusion from this analysis is that low rates of metabolism, in the deep sea and elsewhere, do not result from resource (e.g. food or oxygen) limitation or from temperature or pressure constraint. While metabolic rates do decline strongly with depth in several important animal groups, for others metabolism in abyssal species proceeds as fast as in ecologically similar shallow-water species at equivalent temperatures. Rather, high metabolic demand follows strong selection for locomotory capacity among visual predators inhabiting well-lit oceanic waters. Relaxation of this selection where visual predation is limited provides an opportunity for reduced energy expenditure. Large-scale metabolic variation in the ocean results from interspecific differences in ecological energy demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad A Seibel
- University of Rhode Island, Biological Sciences, 100 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
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Bailey DM, Genard B, Collins MA, Rees JF, Unsworth SK, Battle EJV, Bagley PM, Jamieson AJ, Priede IG. High Swimming and Metabolic Activity in the Deep‐Sea EelSynaphobranchus kaupiiRevealed by Integrated In Situ and In Vitro Measurements. Physiol Biochem Zool 2005; 78:335-46. [PMID: 15887080 DOI: 10.1086/430042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Several complementary studies were undertaken on a single species of deep-sea fish (the eel Synaphobranchus kaupii) within a small temporal and spatial range. In situ experiments on swimming and foraging behaviour, muscle performance, and metabolic rate were performed in the Porcupine Seabight, northeast Atlantic, alongside measurements of temperature and current regime. Deep-water trawling was used to collect eels for studies of animal distribution and for anatomical and biochemical analyses, including white muscle citrate synthase (CS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), and pyruvate kinase (PK) activities. Synaphobranchus kaupii demonstrated whole-animal swimming speeds similar to those of other active deep-sea fish such as Antimora rostrata. Metabolic rates were an order of magnitude higher (31.6 mL kg(-1) h(-1)) than those recorded in other deep-sea scavenging fish. Activities of CS, LDH, MDH, and PK were higher than expected, and all scaled negatively with body mass, indicating a general decrease in muscle energy supply with fish growth. Despite this apparent constraint, observed in situ burst or routine swimming performances scaled in a similar fashion to other studied species. The higher-than-expected metabolic rates and activity levels, and the unusual scaling relationships of both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism enzymes in white muscle, probably reflect the changes in habitat and feeding ecology experienced during ontogeny in this bathyal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Bailey
- Oceanlab, University of Aberdeen, Newburgh, Aberdeenshire AB41 6AA, United Kingdom.
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14
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Langenbuch M, Pörtner HO. Energy budget of hepatocytes from Antarctic fish (Pachycara brachycephalumandLepidonotothen kempi) as a function of ambient CO2: pH-dependent limitations of cellular protein biosynthesis? J Exp Biol 2003; 206:3895-903. [PMID: 14555731 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYScenarios of rising CO2 concentration in surface waters due to atmospheric accumulation of anthropogenic CO2, or in the deep sea due to anticipated industrial dumping of CO2, suggest that hypercapnia (elevated partial pressure of CO2) will become a general stress factor in aquatic environments, with largely unknown effects on species survival and well being, especially in cold and deep waters. For an analysis of CO2 effects at the cellular level, isolated hepatocytes were prepared from two representatives of the Antarctic fish fauna, Pachycara brachycephalum and Lepidonotothen kempi. Correlated changes in energy and protein metabolism were investigated by determining the rates of oxygen consumption at various levels of PCO2, of intra- and extracellular pH, and after inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide. A decrease in extracellular pH (pHe) from control levels (pHe 7.90) to pHe 6.50 caused a reduction in aerobic metabolic rate of 34-37% under both normocapnic and hypercapnic conditions. Concomitantly, protein biosynthesis was inhibited by about 80%under conditions of severe acidosis in hepatocytes from both species. A parallel drop in intracellular pH probably mediates this effect. In conclusion, the present data indicate that elevated PCO2 may limit the functional integrity of the liver due to a pronounced depression in protein anabolism. This process may contribute to the limits of whole-animal tolerance to raised CO2levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Langenbuch
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Okophysiologie und Okotoxikologie, Postfach 120161, D-27515 Bremerhaven, Germany
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Hruby VJ. Peptide Science: Exploring the Use of Chemical Principles and Interdisciplinary Collaboration for Understanding Life Processes. J Med Chem 2003; 46:4215-31. [PMID: 13678399 DOI: 10.1021/jm0303103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor J Hruby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 E. University, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
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Seibel BA, Walsh PJ. Biological impacts of deep-sea carbon dioxide injection inferred from indices of physiological performance. J Exp Biol 2003; 206:641-50. [PMID: 12517981 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A recent proposal to store anthropogenic carbon dioxide in the deep ocean is assessed here with regard to the impacts on deep-living fauna. The stability of the deep-sea has allowed the evolution of species ill-equipped to withstand rapid environmental changes. Low metabolic rates of most deep-sea species are correlated with low capacities for pH buffering and low concentrations of ion-transport proteins. Changes in seawater carbon dioxide partial pressure (P(CO(2))) may thus lead to large cellular P(CO(2)) and pH changes. Oxygen transport proteins of deep-sea animals are also highly sensitive to changes in pH. Acidosis leads to metabolic suppression, reduced protein synthesis, respiratory stress, reduced metabolic scope and, ultimately, death. Deep-sea CO(2) injection as a means of controlling atmospheric CO(2) levels should be assessed with careful consideration of potential biological impacts. In order to properly evaluate the risks within a relevant timeframe, a much more aggressive approach to research is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad A Seibel
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA.
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Abstract
Two main periods can be considered in the history of fish metabolism under pressure. The first period (roughly from 1870 to 1970) was mainly descriptive: survival times and behavior were studied and some authors described an increase in oxygen consumption under pressure; later, the counteracting effects of high temperature on pressure were mentioned. The second period (from 1970 onwards) was more integrative and two major ways were explored. The first was to use shallow-water fish, experimentally exposed to hydrostatic pressure, which can induce a metabolic state resembling histotoxic hypoxia. The second way was to use deep-living fish which have, when compared to surface fish, muscle enzymes with higher structural stability, lower activity (in relationship with habitat depth) and kinetics that are less sensitive to pressure increase. Using this approach, it was also shown that muscle composition and function were somewhat different at depth and that deep fish are well adapted to pressure partly by maintaining membrane fluidity (homeoviscous theory). Since about 1990, the two above-mentioned approaches have still been pursued but by fewer researchers. Studies on deep-living fish are mainly concerned with enzyme kinetics whereas shallow water fish are used mainly for cellular energetic studies. Regarding this topic, it has been shown that yellow freshwater eels are able to acclimate to high-pressure effects, by optimizing membrane fluidity and composition (as achieved by deep-living fish), by improving oxidative phosphorylation (increase of P/O ratio) and the glycolytic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Sebert
- Laboratoire de Physiologie, EA 2217, Faculté de Médecine, BP 815, 29285 Brest Cedex, France.
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Peters T, Forster RE, Gros G. Hagfish (Myxine glutinosa) red cell membrane exhibits no bicarbonate permeability as detected by (18)O exchange. J Exp Biol 2000; 203:1551-60. [PMID: 10769217 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.203.10.1551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The bicarbonate permeability of the plasma membrane of intact hagfish (Myxine glutinosa) red blood cells and the intracellular carbonic anhydrase activity of these cells were determined by applying the (18)O exchange reaction using a special mass spectrometric technique. When the macromolecular carbonic anhydrase inhibitor Prontosil-Dextran was used to suppress any extracellular carbonic anhydrase activity, the mean intracellular acceleration of the CO(2) hydration/HCO(3)(−) dehydration reaction over the uncatalyzed reaction (referred to as intracellular carbonic anhydrase activity A(i)) was 21 320+/−3000 at 10 degrees C (mean +/− s.d., N=9). The mean bicarbonate permeability of the red blood cell membrane (P(HCO3)-) was indistinguishable from zero. It can be concluded that CO(2) transport within hagfish blood does not follow the classical scheme of CO(2) transport in vertebrate blood. It is suggested that the combination of considerable intraerythrocytic carbonic anhydrase activity and low P(HCO3)- may serve to enhance O(2) delivery to the tissue in the exceptionally hypoxia-tolerant hagfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Peters
- Abteilung Vegetative Physiologie, Zentrum Physiologie, Medizinische Hochschule, Germany. Peters.
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Stevens CK, Siebenaller JF. The effects of hydrostatic pressure on pertussis toxin-catalyzed ribosylation of G proteins from deep-living macrourid fishes. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2000; 125:103-14. [PMID: 10840646 DOI: 10.1016/s0305-0491(99)00155-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To test the effects of hydrostatic pressure on the coupling of receptors to guanyl nucleotide binding reglatory proteins (G proteins) in transmembrane signaling, pertussis toxin (PTX)-catalyzed [32P]ADP-ribosylation was used to probe the guanyl nucleotide-binding proteins Gi and G(o) in brain membranes from four marine teleosts. These macrourids, Coryphaenoides pectoralis, Coryphaenoides cinereus, Coryphaenoides filifer and Coryphaenoides armatus, span depths from 200 to 5400 m. Pertussis toxin specifically labelled proteins of 39-41 kDa. The PTX-catalyzed [32P]ADP-ribosylation reaction was linear for 7 h. Added guanyl nucleotides (guanosine 5'-diphosphate (GDP) and guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate)(GTP[S])) at concentrations up to 1000 microM did not affect ribosylation at atmospheric pressure. Under basal conditions the Gi/G(o) protein population appears to be uncoupled from receptors and bound with GDP. Pressures up to 476 atm were tested in the absence and presence of added guanyl nucleotides, 100 microM GDP and 100 microM GTP[S]. [32P]ADP-ribosylation in brain membranes from the deeper-occurring C. cinereus, C. filifer and C. armatus was not inhibited by increased pressure in the presence of 100 microM GDP. Increasing pressure decreased ribosylation in brain membranes of C. pectoralis. In the presence of 100 microM GTP[S], increased pressure inhibited ribosylation in all species. Pressure appears to enhance the efficacy of GTP[S] in dissociating the heterotrimeric holoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Stevens
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803, USA
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Collins MA, Priede IG, Bagley PM. In situ comparison of activity in two deep-sea scavenging fishes occupying different depth zones. Proc Biol Sci 1999. [DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1999.0879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Collins
- Department of Zoology, University oj Aberdeen, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - I. G. Priede
- Department of Zoology, University oj Aberdeen, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - P. M. Bagley
- Department of Zoology, University oj Aberdeen, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK
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6 Biochemistry At Depth. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s1546-5098(08)60231-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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7 Pressure Effects on Shallow-Water Fishes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s1546-5098(08)60232-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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9 Laboratory and in Situ Methods for Studying Deep-Sea Fishes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s1546-5098(08)60234-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Chapter 9 metabolic potentials of deep-sea fishes: A comparative approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s1873-0140(06)80035-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Shirayama Y. Respiration rates of bathyal meiobenthos collected using a deep-sea submersible SHINKAI 2000. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-0149(92)90120-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Childress J, Cowles D, Favuzzi J, Mickel T. Metabolic rates of benthic deep-sea decapod crustaceans decline with increasing depth primarily due to the decline in temperature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-0149(90)90104-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Priede IG, Smith KL, Armstrong JD. Foraging behavior of abyssal grenadier fish: inferences from acoustic tagging and tracking in the North Pacific Ocean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-0149(90)90030-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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31
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32
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Live capture, maintenance and partial decompression of a deep-sea grenadier fish (Coryphaenoides acrolepis) in a hyperbaric trap-aquarium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-0149(85)90103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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33
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Laver M, Olsson M, Edelman J, Smith K. Swimming rates of scavenging deep-sea amphipods recorded with a free-vehicle video camera. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-0149(85)90067-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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34
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Food for the deep sea: utilization, dispersal, and flux of nekton falls at the Santa catalina basin floor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-0149(85)90089-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Graham MS, Haedrich RL, Fletcher GL. Hematology of three deep-sea fishes: a reflection of low metabolic rates. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. A, COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 1985; 80:79-84. [PMID: 2858294 DOI: 10.1016/0300-9629(85)90682-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Blood was collected from three species of fish, Antimora rostrata (Moridae), Lycodes esmarkii (Zoarcidae), Macrurus berglax (Macrouridae), caught at depths ranging from 280 to 2300 m. Hemoglobin concentrations were low in all three species, ranging from 4.4 to 5.4 g/100 ml. Mean erythrocyte volumes were relatively large, and ranged from 277 micron3 in M. berglax to 672 micron3 in A. rostrata. Blood oxygen dissociation curves were hyperbolic, with relatively low Hill constants (0.95-1.26). Mean P50 values ranged from 10 mmHg in M. berglax to 28 mmHg in L. esmarkii. It is concluded that the hematology and oxygen-binding characteristics of the blood of these three deep-sea fish reflects adaptations to low metabolic rates and low general activity habits.
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Star-shaped feeding traces produced by echiuran worms on the deep-sea floor of the Bay of Bengal. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-0149(84)90080-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Siebenaller JF. Analysis of the Biochemical Consequences of Ontogenetic Vertical Migration in a Deep-Living Teleost Fish. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1086/physzool.57.6.30155986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Distribution, morphology, and biochemical genetics of Coryphaenoides armatus and C. yaquinae (Pisces:Macrouridae) in the central and eastern North Pacific. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-0149(83)90092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Somero GN. Environmental adaptation of proteins: strategies for the conservation of critical functional and structural traits. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. A, COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 1983; 76:621-33. [PMID: 6139233 DOI: 10.1016/0300-9629(83)90464-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Comparative studies of lactate dehydrogenases (LDHs) and skeletal muscle actins from vertebrates adapted to widely different temperatures and hydrostatic pressures reveal major conservative trends in protein evolution and adaptation. For enzymes, ligand binding, as estimated by apparent Michaelis constant (Km) values, is strongly conserved at physiological temperatures, pressures, intracellular pH values and osmotic compositions of different organisms. The catalytic rate constants (kcat values) of enzyme homologues are highest for enzymes of low-body-temperature organisms, a trend that can be interpreted in terms of temperature compensation of metabolism. For skeletal muscle actins, the enthalpy and entropy changes accompanying the assembly of filamentous (F) actin from globular (G) actin are highest in high-body-temperature species and especially low in polar and deep-sea fishes. The thermal stability of G-actin is positively correlated with adaptation temperature, except in the case of actins of deep-sea fishes, which are also highly heat stable. Hydrophobic interactions between actin subunits may be of reduced importance in low-body-temperature animals and, especially, in deep-sea fishes. The differences in enthalpy and entropy changes during the G-to-F transformation favor a close conservation of the equilibrium constant for actin assembly under physiological conditions of temperature and pressure for different species. These adaptive patterns in enzymes and actin are likely to reflect changes in protein primary structure. The appropriate values for protein traits such as ligand binding abilities and catalytic rates are also shown to be established by the composition of the low molecular weight constituents of the cytosol. For example, the use of a combination of urea and methylamine solutes for osmoregulation by marine elasmobranchs is shown to be a mechanism which permits the conservation of key protein traits at high osmolarities. The methylamine solutes such as trimethylamine-N-oxide have effects on proteins opposite to those of urea, and at the approximately 2:1 concentration ratio of urea to methylamines, these counteracting effects are virtually complete. Regulation of hydrogen ion activity (pH) also is shown to play a major role in the conservation of critical protein traits. The importance of temperature-dependent pH in ectotherms is discussed in terms of stabilizing binding abilities and maintaining correct regulatory and structural sensitivities of proteins. The buffering capacity of tissues reflects the potential of the tissue for generating acidic end-products during anaerobic metabolism. Skeletal muscle, especially white locomotory muscle of fishes, is highly buffered relative to red locomotory muscle and heart muscle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Siebenaller JF, Somero GN. The Maintenance of Different Enzyme Activity Levels in Congeneric Fishes Living at Different Depths. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1086/physzool.55.2.30155853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Smith K, White G, Laver M. Oxygen uptake and nutrient exchange of sediments measured in situ using a free vehicle grab respirometer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-0149(79)90030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Jannasch HJ, Wirsen CO, Taylor CD. Undecompressed microbial populations from the deep sea. Appl Environ Microbiol 1976; 32:360-7. [PMID: 791117 PMCID: PMC170071 DOI: 10.1128/aem.32.3.360-367.1976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic transformations of glutamate and Casamino Acids by natural microbial populations collected from deep waters (1,600 to 3,100 m) were studied in decompressed and undecompressed samples. Pressure-retaining sampling/incubation vessels and appropriate subsampling/incubation vessels and appropriate subsampling techniques permitted time course experiments. In all cases the metabolic activity in undecompressed samples was lower than it was when incubated at 1 atm. Surface water controls showed a reduced activity upon compression. The processes involving substrate incorporation into cell material were more pressure sensitive than was respiration. The low utilization of substrates, previously found by in situ incubations for up to 12 months, was confirmed and demonstrated to consist of an initial phase of activity, in the range of 5 to 60 times lower than the controls, followed by a stationary phase of virtually no substrate utilization. No barophilic growth response (higher rates at elevated pressure than at 1 atm) was recorded; all populations observed exhibition various degrees of barotolerance.
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Hochachka PW, Storey KB, Baldwin J. Gill citrate synthase from an abyssal fish. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1975; 52:43-9. [PMID: 241566 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(75)90114-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Moon TW, Storey KB. The effects of temperature and hydrostatic pressure on enzymes of an abyssal fish. Antimora rostrata: liver NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1975; 52:51-7. [PMID: 241567 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(75)90115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Turekian KK, Cochran JK, Kharkar DP, Cerrato RM, Vaisnys JR, Sanders HL, Grassle JF, Allen JA. Slow growth rate of a deep-sea clam determined by 228Ra chronology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1975; 72:2829-32. [PMID: 1058499 PMCID: PMC432865 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.72.7.2829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The age of a deep-sea clam, Tindaria callistiformis, from 3803 m depth has been determined by 228Ra (6.7 year half-life) chronology of separated size fractions of a captured population. A length of 8.4 mm is attained in about 100 years. Shells of this size fraction show about 100 regularly spaced bands, indicating that the growth feature may be an annual one.
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