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Abstract
SUMMARYLines ofTriticum aestivumChinese Spring (2n= 6x= 42) which were ditelocentric or doubly ditelocentric, in turn, for the 14 chromosomes of the A and B genomes were pollinated byTriticum urartu(2n= 14). The behaviour of the marked telocentric chromosomes was scored in the 14 distinct hybrids obtained from these pollinations. In 6 of the hybrids in which different A genome chromosomes were marked by telocentrics there were from 50 to 80% of the pollen mother cells in which the telocentrics were paired. In the seven hybrids in which different B genome chromosomes were marked the telocentrics were never paired. It was concluded that the genome ofT. urartumatched very closely the A genome of hexaploid wheat and that it did not correspond, as had been proposed by Johnson, to the B genome. The pairing behaviour of the 14T. aestivum×T. urartuhybrids was compared with earlier results obtained from hybrids betweenT. aestivumandT. boeoticum. It was proposed that the higher trivalent frequencies seen in theT. boeoticumhybrids could be due to homoeologous pairing and that the genotype ofT. boeoticumhas the capacity partly to suppress the activity of thePhlocus of chromosome 5B of wheat, as a result of which homoeologous pairing is normally prevented.
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Zhang LY, Ravel C, Bernard M, Balfourier F, Leroy P, Feuillet C, Sourdille P. Transferable bread wheat EST-SSRs can be useful for phylogenetic studies among the Triticeae species. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2006; 113:407-18. [PMID: 16736140 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-006-0304-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2006] [Accepted: 04/28/2006] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The genetic similarity between 150 accessions, representing 14 diploidand polyploid species of the Triticeae tribe, was investigated following the UPGMA clustering method. Seventy-three common wheat EST-derived SSR markers (EST-SSRs) that were demonstrated to be transferable across several wheat-related species were used. When diploid species only are concerned, all the accessions bearing the same genome were clustered together without ambiguity while the separation between the different sub-species of tetraploid as well as hexaploid wheats was less clear. Dendrograms reconstructed based on data of 16 EST-SSRs mapped on the A genome confirmed that Triticum aestivum and Triticum durum had closer relationships with Triticum urartu than with Triticum monococcum and Triticum boeoticum, supporting the evidence that T. urartu is the A-genome ancestor of polyploid wheats. Similarly, another tree reconstructed based on data of ten EST-SSRs mapped on the B genome showed that Aegilops speltoides had the closest relationship with T. aestivum and T. durum, suggesting that it was the main contributor of the B genome of polyploid wheats. All these results were expected and demonstrate thus that EST-SSR markers are powerful enough for phylogenetic analysis among the Triticeae tribe.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Zhang
- UMR INRA-UBP Amélioration et Santé des Plantes, Domaine de Crouël, 234 Avenue du Brézet, 63100, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Abstract
During the twentieth century the gene emerged as the major driving force of biology. Initially, even the nature and behavior of gene vehicles, the chromosomes, were subjected to doubts. The basic or standard gene concept, as a unit of function, mutation, and recombination, had to be revised. Half a century was required for reaching a general consensus about the chemical nature of the genetic material, DNA and RNA. The relationship between single genes and individual proteins was a great milestone at the middle of the twentieth century, but within two decades it was realized that the relationship was more complex. Understanding of genetic coding, transcription, and translation during the 1960s laid a firm foundation to the "nucleic doctrine," harking back to the dicta of Lederberg (1959) and meaning that single nucleic acid genes alone were responsible for each separate function within the cell. However, important aspects of gene expression are recognized now as a function of the genome and many genes collaborate in circuits. It has come to light that genes may be mobile, exist in plasmids and cytoplasmic organelles, and can be imported by nonsexual means from other organisms or as synthetic products. Epigenetics has reborn as a new field of developmental genetics. The unorthodox prion proteins can even simulate some gene properties. Genetics was to an extent reincarnated as of the twenty-first century by assimilating the tools of cybernetics and of many formerly distant areas of science. This overview highlights some of the historical milestones that contributed to the development of our image of the gene, extending elements of issues laid down by Rédei (2003).
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Affiliation(s)
- George P Rédei
- University of Missouri, Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65203, USA
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Johal S, Chollet R. An unusual large subunit multiple polypeptide composition of perennial ryegrass ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(81)80057-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ikeda TM, Terachi T, Tsunewaki K. Variations in chloroplast proteins and nucleotide sequences of three chloroplast genes in Triticum and Aegilops. IDENGAKU ZASSHI 1992; 67:111-23. [PMID: 1388032 DOI: 10.1266/jjg.67.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Two alloplasmic wheat lines having the same common wheat nucleus but the cytoplasms of Aegilops crassa and Ae. columnaris together with the corresponding normal line (control) were used in the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of soluble and thylakoid membrane proteins of the chloroplast. Three chloroplast polypeptides: the Rubisco large subunit, the beta subunit of ATP synthase, and an unidentified 31 kDa protein, differed in the common wheat and two Aegilops cytoplasms. Three chloroplast genes, atpB, atpE and trnM, that respectively encode the beta and epsilon subunits of ATP synthase and tRNA(met), were sequenced. The atpB gene differed by two synonymous base substitutions, whereas the other two genes were identical in the two Aegilops cytoplasms. From the predicted amino acid sequences, the beta subunits of the ATP synthase in the Aegilops cytoplasms were assumed to have three amino acid substitutions: Ala by Val, Asp- by Ala, and Gln by Lys+, in contrast to the cytoplasm of common wheat. This accounts for the difference in pI values found for the common wheat and Aegilops cytoplasms. The two base substitutions for the atpE genes of common wheat and the Aegilops cytoplasms were synonymous. The differences detected in the genes encoding the two subunits of ATP synthase do not appear to be ascribable to the differences in phenotypic effects for the common wheat and Aegilops cytoplasms. The base substitution rate of the atpB-atpE-trnM gene cluster was similar to that of the rbcL gene. From the rate for the atpB gene alone, evolutionary divergence of the wheat-Aegilops complex is assumed to have begun ca. 3.0 x 10(6) years ago, as compared to ca. 8.0 x 10(6) years ago for the divergence of the wheat-Aegilops complex and barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Ikeda
- Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan
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IKEDA TM, TERACHI T, TSUNEWAKI K. Variations in chloroplast proteins and nucleotide sequences of three chloroplast genes in Triticum and Aegilops. Genes Genet Syst 1992. [DOI: 10.1266/ggs.67.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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NAKAMURA C, KASAI K, KUBOTA Y, YAMAGAMI C, SUZUKI T, MORI N. Cytoplasmic diversity in alloplasmic common wheats with cytoplasms of Triticum and Aegilops revealed by photosynthetic and respiratory characteristics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1266/jjg.66.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazue KASAI
- Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University
| | - Yoshiko KUBOTA
- Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University
| | - Chieko YAMAGAMI
- Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University
| | - Tohru SUZUKI
- Division of Science of Biological Resources, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University
| | - Naoki MORI
- Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University
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Restriction endonuclease profiles of mitochondrial DNA and the origin of the B genome of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum. Heredity (Edinb) 1989. [DOI: 10.1038/hdy.1989.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Evans JR, Austin RB. The specific activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase in relation to genotype in wheat. PLANTA 1986; 167:344-350. [PMID: 24240302 DOI: 10.1007/bf00391337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/1985] [Accepted: 08/30/1985] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The specific activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase; EC 4.1.1.39) in crude extracts of leaves from euploid, amphiploid and alloplasmic lines of wheat fell into high or low categories (3.75 or 2.70 μmol·mg(-1)·min(-1), 30°C). For the alloplasmic lines, where the same hexaploid nuclear genome was substituted into different cytoplasms, the specific activity of RuBPCase was consistent with the type of cytoplasm (high for the B and S cytoplasms and low for the A and D cytoplasms). There was no evidence from the euploid and amphiploid lines that small subunits encoded in different nuclear genomes influenced the specific activity. High specific activity was conferred by possession of the chloroplast genome of the B-type cytoplasm which encodes the large subunit of RuBPCase. All lines with a cytoplasm derived from the Sitopsis section of wheat, with the exception of Aegilops longissima and A. speltoides 18940, had RuBPCase with high specific activity. In contrast with the euploid lines of A. longissima, the alloplasmic line containing A. longissima cytoplasm from a different source had RuBPCase with high specific activity. The difference in specific activity found here in-vitro was not apparent in-vivo when leaf gas exchange was measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Evans
- Plant Breeding Institute, Maris Lane, Trumpington, CB2 2LQ, Cambridge, UK
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Johal S, Chollet R. Analysis of catalytic subunit microheterogeneity in ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from Nicotiana tabacum. Arch Biochem Biophys 1983; 223:40-50. [PMID: 6859864 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(83)90569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Urea isoelectric focusing of dissociated, carboxymethylated Nicotiana tabacum ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase reveals catalytic subunit microheterogeneity. Aggregated or nonaggregated sucrose gradient-purified preparations and the crystalline protein displayed essentially identical large subunit multiple polypeptide patterns. Various pretreatments which fully dissociate the holoenzyme did not alter catalytic subunit microheterogeneity. Direct comparison of the carboxymethylated and noncarboxymethylated crystalline and sucrose gradient-purified proteins demonstrated that the large subunit multiple polypeptide pattern was not an artifact of carboxymethylation. The inclusion of the seryl protease inhibitor phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride during purification of the holoenzyme did not affect the large subunit multiplicity. However, the addition of leupeptin, a potent thiol proteinase inhibitor, to all solutions during purification of the native protein markedly reduced large subunit polypeptide L3 and increased the staining of polypeptide L2, suggesting that L3 is a leupeptin-sensitive proteinase degradation product of L2. Polypeptide L1 also appeared to be a purification-related artifact, but derived from a modification of L2 other than that which yielded L3. We conclude that polypeptide L2 is the single, native isoelectric form of the catalytic subunit of tobacco ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase.
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Bowman CM, Bonnard G, Dyer TA. Chloroplast DNA variation between species of Triticum and Aegilops. Location of the variation on the chloroplast genome and its relevance to the inheritance and classification of the cytoplasm. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1983; 65:247-262. [PMID: 24263422 DOI: 10.1007/bf00308076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/1983] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Restriction endonuclease analysis revealed interspecific and intraspecific variation between the chloroplast DNAs and therefore between the cytoplasms of 14 selected species of Triticum and Aegilops. Eleven distinct chloroplast DNA types were detected, the differences between them residing in the varied combination of a relatively few DNA alterations.The variation was simple enough for chloroplast DNA analysis to be used as a basis for the identification and classification of the Triticum and Aegilops cytoplasms. There was good agreement with the classification based on analysis of the phenotypic effects of the cytoplasm when combined with the T. aestivum nucleus in nuclear-cytoplasmic hybrids (Tsunewaki et al. 1976). There was however no correlation between specific chloroplast DNA alterations and any of the phenotypic effects known to be associated with specific cytoplasms.Although the diploid species examined included all those which have been suggested as possible donors of the cytoplasm and the B genome to T. aestivum, none of the chosen accessions belonged to the same cytoplasmic class as T. aestivum itself, except that of the tetraploid T. dicoccoides. Therefore, none of the diploid accessions analysed was the B genome donor. The analyses did however support several other suggestions which have been made concerning wheat ancestry. Scoring the different chloroplast DNA types according to the rarity of their banding patterns indicated that four of the eleven cytoplasms are of relatively recent origin.The DNA alterations most easily detectable by the limited comparison of the eleven Triticum/Aegilops chloroplast DNA types using only 4 endonucleases were insertions and deletions. These ranged between approximately 50 bp and 1,200 bp in size and most of them were clustered in 2 segments of the large single-copy region of the genome. Only two examples of the loss of restriction endonuclease sites through possible point mutations were observed. No variation was detected in the inverted repeat regions. Several of the deletions and insertions map close to known chloroplast protein genes, and there is also an indication that the more variable regions of the chloroplast genome may contain sequences which have allowed DNA recombination and rearrangement to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Bowman
- Plant Breeding Institute, Maris Lane, CB2 2LQ, Trumpington, Cambridge, UK
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Remy R, Ambard-Bretteville F. Two dimensional analysis of chloroplast proteins from normal and cytoplasmic male sterile Brassica napus. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1983; 64:249-253. [PMID: 24264952 DOI: 10.1007/bf00303772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/1982] [Accepted: 10/04/1982] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Stromal and thylakoid proteins isolated from normal (N) and cytoplasmic male sterile (cms) lines of Brassica napus have been compared using a two dimensional gel separation. It has been shown that: 1) stromal compartments of the two lines were very similar; 2) although there was extensive homology between protein maps of thylakoids isolated from the two lines, these could be distinguished by the spots corresponding to the β subunits of the coupling factor CF1 from the ATPase complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Remy
- Laboratoire de Photosynthèse, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Remy R, Ambard-Bretteville F, Vedel F. EcoRI analysis of chloroplastic DNAs and polypeptidic composition of thylakoids from wheat and related species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-4211(82)90156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Multiple forms of the large subunit of wheat ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase generated by excess iodoacetamide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(81)90107-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Vedel F, Quetier F, Cauderon Y, Dosba F, Doussinault G. Studies on maternal inheritance in polyploid wheats with cytoplasmic DNAs as genetic markers. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1981; 59:239-245. [PMID: 24276485 DOI: 10.1007/bf00265502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/1980] [Accepted: 11/05/1980] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Restriction fragment patterns of DNA fragments obtained after EcoRI cleavage of chloroplastic (cp) and mitochondrial (mt) DNAs isolated from different wheat species were compared. T. aestivum, T. timopheevi, Ae. speltoides, Ae. sharonensis and T. urartu gave species specific mt DNA patterns. Consequently, the cytoplasmic genomes of wheat cannot have originated from contemporary Ae. speltoides, Ae. sharonensis and T. urartu species. It is shown that cp and mt DNAs of Ae. ventricosa, a tetraploid used to transfer eyespot resistance into T. aestivum, contains cp and mt DNAs differing from DNAs isolated from T. aestivum and other wheats. In contrast, the cytoplasmic DNAs of Ae. ventricosa and Ae. squarrosa reveal an important homology, suggesting that Ae. squarrosa was the female parent of Ae. ventricosa. Disomic addition lines (T. aestivum - Ae. ventricosa) in both Ae. ventricosa cytoplasm and T. aestivum cytoplasm contained cytoplasmic DNAs identical to those of the maternal parent. Restriction patterns of the cp and mt DNAs isolated from eight lines of Triticale differing in their cytoplasm have been compared to those of the maternal parent. A strict maternal inheritance has been observed in each case.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Vedel
- Laboratoire de Photosynthèse, Gif sur Yvette, France
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Iwai S, Nagao T, Nakata K, Kawashima N, Matsuvama S. Expression of nuclear and chloroplastic genes coding for fraction-1 protein in somatic hybrids of Nicotiana tabacum + rustica. PLANTA 1980; 147:414-417. [PMID: 24311162 DOI: 10.1007/bf00380181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/1979] [Accepted: 11/19/1979] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the sexual interspecific cross, Nicotiana rustica L.xN. tabacum L., N. rustica can serve as the female but not as the male parent. By fusion of protoplasts, the barrier to fertilization was overcome and somatic hybrids containing N. tabacum cytoplasm were produced as shown by isoelectric focusing of the Fraction-1 protein (F-1-protein). All somatic hybrids displayed polypeptides of the large subunit of F-1 protein (which is coded by the chloroplast genome) characteristic of only one or the other parental species. Two hybrids had large subunits of the N. tabacum type and two hybrids had those of the N. rustica type. Three hybrids contained three smallsubunit polypeptides (coded by the nuclear genome), one being characteristic of N. rustica, one characteristic of N. tabacum, and one with an isoelectric point common to both species. A fourth hybrid contained only two small-subunit polypeptides of the N. tabacum type but in a F-1 protein macromolecule whose large subunits were of the N. rustica type. One somatic hybrid was self-fertile and its F2 progeny contained large- and small-subunit polypeptides indistinguishable in their isoelectric points from those in the parent F1 hybrid. All somatic hybrids showed an aneuploid chromosome number and morphological characteristics intermediate between those of N. rustica and N. tabacum.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Iwai
- Central Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Public Corporation, 6-2 Umegaoka, Midori-ku, 227, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Hammer K. Vorarbeiten zur monographischen Darstellung von Wildpflanzensortimenten:Aegilops L. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02014641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sears BB. Disappearance of the heteroplasmic state for chloroplast markers in zygospores of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plasmid 1980; 3:18-34. [PMID: 6950439 DOI: 10.1016/s0147-619x(80)90031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Vedel F, Quetier F, Dosba F, Doussinault G. Study of wheat phylogeny by coRI analysis of chloroplastic and mitochondrial DNAs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-4211(78)90236-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Peptide mapping of the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit from the genus Oenothera. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02906110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Somatic hybrid plants of potato and tomato regenerated from fused protoplasts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02906548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Blütenökologische Merkmale und Reproduktionssystem vonAegilops tauschii Coss. (syn.Ae. squarrosa L.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02146163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gray JC, Kung SD, Wildman SG. Polypeptide chains of the large and small subunits of fraction I protein from tobacco. Arch Biochem Biophys 1978; 185:272-81. [PMID: 623489 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(78)90167-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Kung SD, Rhodes PR. Interaction of chloroplast and nuclear genomes in regulating RuBP carboxylase activity. BASIC LIFE SCIENCES 1978; 11:307-24. [PMID: 747604 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-8106-8_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Steer MW, Kernoghan D. Nuclear and cytoplasmic genome relationships in the genus Avena: analysis by isoelectric focusing of ribulose biphosphate carboxylase subunits. Biochem Genet 1977; 15:273-86. [PMID: 869897 DOI: 10.1007/bf00484459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Comparisons of the isoelectric points of small and large subunits of ribulose biphosphate carboxylase extracted from a number of diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid Avena species have been used to obtain information on the nuclear and cytoplasmic genome relationships within the genus. All species tested had small subunits with similar isoelectric points, so their analysis provided no information of taxonomic value. Three types of large subunits could be distinguished by this method, and the distribution of each among the available species provides strong evidence against the involvement of a C genome diploid (such as A. ventricosa) as the maternal parent in the formation of either tetraploid or hexaploid species. One type of large subunit was confined to the perennial tetraploid, A. macrostachya, and its position in the genus and possible origin are discussed. The value of this approach in studying genome relationships within the genus Avena and related genera is assessed.
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Vergleichend-anatomische Untersuchungen im Verwandtschaftskreis vonTriticum L. undAegilops L. (Gramineae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02014811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Genetic Control of the Content, Amino Acid Composition, and Processing Properties of Proteins in Wheat. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2660(08)60249-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Gray JC, Chen K, Wildman SG. Response
: Polyploid Wheats and Fraction 1 Protein. Science 1976. [DOI: 10.1126/science.192.4245.1252.b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. C. Gray
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, England
| | - Kevin Chen
- Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024
| | - S. G. Wildman
- Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024
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Gray JC, Chen K, Wildman SG. Response
: Polyploid Wheats and Fraction 1 Protein. Science 1976. [DOI: 10.1126/science.192.4245.1252-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. C. Gray
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, England
| | - Kevin Chen
- Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024
| | - S. G. Wildman
- Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024
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