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Haughton GA, Hayman NW, Searle RC, Le Bas T, Murton BJ. Volcanic-Tectonic Structure of the Mount Dent Oceanic Core Complex in the Ultraslow Mid-Cayman Spreading Center Determined From Detailed Seafloor Investigation. GEOCHEMISTRY, GEOPHYSICS, GEOSYSTEMS : G(3) 2019; 20:1298-1318. [PMID: 35860338 PMCID: PMC9285398 DOI: 10.1029/2018gc008032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The flanks of the ultraslow-spreading Mid-Cayman Spreading Center (MCSC) are characterized by domal massifs or oceanic core complexes (OCCs). The most prominent of these, Mount Dent, comprises lower-crustal and upper-mantle lithologies and hosts the Von Damm vent field ~12 km west of the axial deep. Here, presented autonomous underwater vehicle-derived swath sonar (multibeam) mapping and deep-towed side-scan sonar imagery lead to our interpretation that: (i) slip along the OCC-bounding detachment fault is ceasing, (ii) the termination zone, where detachment fault meets the hanging wall, is disintegrating, (iii) the domed surface of the OCC is cut by steep north-south extensional faulting, and (iv) the breakaway zone is cut by outward facing faults. The Von Damm vent field and dispersed pockmarks on the OCC's south flank further suggest that hydrothermal fluid flow is pervasive within the faulted OCC. On the axial floor of the MCSC, bright acoustic backscatter and multibeam bathymetry reveal: (v) a volcanic detachment hanging wall, (vi) a major fault rifting the southern flank of Mount Dent, and (vii) a young axial volcanic ridge intersecting its northern flank. These observations are described by a conceptual model wherein detachment faulting and OCC exhumation are ceasing during an increase in magmatic intrusion, brittle deformation, and hydrothermal circulation within the OCC. Together, this high-resolution view of the MCSC provides an instructive example of how OCCs, formed within an overall melt-starved ultraslow spreading center, can undergo magmatism, hydrothermal activity, and faulting in much the same way as expected in magmatically more robust slow-spreading centers elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. A. Haughton
- School of Ocean and Earth SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - N. W. Hayman
- Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School for GeosciencesUniversity of TexasAustinTXUSA
| | - R. C. Searle
- Department of Earth SciencesDurham UniversityDurhamUK
| | - T. Le Bas
- National Oceanography CenterSouthamptonUK
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Kirby S, Engdahl RE, Denlinger R. Intermediate-Depth Intraslab Earthquakes and Arc Volcanism as Physical Expressions of Crustal and Uppermost Mantle Metamorphism in Subducting Slabs. SUBDUCTION TOP TO BOTTOM 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm096p0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Ultramafic-Mafic Plutonic Rock Suites Exposed Along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (10°N-30°N). Symmetrical-Asymmetrical Distribution and Implications for Seafloor Spreading Processes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm106p0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Macdonald KC. Linkages Between Faulting, Volcanism, Hydrothermal Activity and Segmentation on Fast Spreading Centers. FAULTING AND MAGMATISM AT MID-OCEAN RIDGES 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm106p0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Structure of Modern Oceanic Crust and Ophiolites and Implications for Faulting and Magmatism at Oceanic Spreading Centers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm106p0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Karson JA. Internal Structure of Oceanic Lithosphere: A Perspective from Tectonic Windows. FAULTING AND MAGMATISM AT MID-OCEAN RIDGES 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm106p0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Perfit MR, Chadwick WW. Magmatism at Mid-Ocean Ridges: Constraints from Volcanological and Geochemical Investigations. FAULTING AND MAGMATISM AT MID-OCEAN RIDGES 2013. [DOI: 10.1029/gm106p0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Escartín J, Lin J. Ridge offsets, normal faulting, and gravity anomalies of slow spreading ridges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/94jb03267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Eittreim SL, Gnibidenko H, Helsley CE, Sliter R, Mann D, Ragozin N. Oceanic crustal thickness and seismic character along a central Pacific transect. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/93jb02967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Morris E, Detrick RS, Minshull TA, Mutter JC, White RS, Su W, Buhl P. Seismic structure of oceanic crust in the western North Atlantic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/93jb00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tucholke BE, Lin J. A geological model for the structure of ridge segments in slow spreading ocean crust. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/94jb00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Coulton AJ, Harper GD, O'Hanley DS. Oceanic versus emplacement age serpentinization in the Josephine ophiolite: Implications for the nature of the Moho at intermediate and slow spreading ridges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/95jb02157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Cudrak CF, Clowes RM. Crustal structure of Endeavour Ridge Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge, from a detailed seismic refraction survey. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/92jb02860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Wolfe CJ, Purdy GM, Toomey DR, Solomon SC. Microearthquake characteristics and crustal velocity structure at 29°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: The architecture of a slow spreading segment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/95jb02399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Detrick RS, Needham HD, Renard V. Gravity anomalies and crustal thickness variations along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between 33°N and 40°N. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/94jb02649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pariso JE, Sempéré JC, Rommevaux C. Temporal and spatial variations in crustal accretion along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (29°-31°30′N) over the last 10 m.y.: Implications from a three-dimensional gravity study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/95jb01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Carbotte SM, Macdonald KC. Comparison of seafloor tectonic fabric at intermediate, fast, and super fast spreading ridges: Influence of spreading rate, plate motions, and ridge segmentation on fault patterns. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/93jb02971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Macario A, Haxby WF, Goff JA, Ryan WBF, Cande SC, Raymond CA. Flow line variations in abyssal hill morphology for the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge at 65°S. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/94jb01409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Thatcher W, Hill DP. A simple model for the fault-generated morphology of slow-spreading mid-oceanic ridges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/94jb02593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tentler T, Acocella V. How does the initial configuration of oceanic ridge segments affect their interaction? Insights from analogue models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jb006269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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22
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Embley RW, Lupton JE. Diking, event plumes, and the subsurface biosphere at mid-ocean ridges. THE SUBSEAFLOOR BIOSPHERE AT MID-OCEAN RIDGES 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/144gm06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Smith DK, Escartin J, Cannat M, Tolstoy M, Fox CG, Bohnenstiehl DR, Bazin S. Spatial and temporal distribution of seismicity along the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge (15°-35°N). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jb001964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah K. Smith
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; Woods Hole Massachusetts USA
| | | | | | - Maya Tolstoy
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory; Palisades New York USA
| | - Christopher G. Fox
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory; Newport Oregon USA
| | | | - Sara Bazin
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris; Paris France
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Cochran JR, Kurras GJ, Edwards MH, Coakley BJ. The Gakkel Ridge: Bathymetry, gravity anomalies, and crustal accretion at extremely slow spreading rates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jb001830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James R. Cochran
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University; Palisades New York USA
| | - Gregory J. Kurras
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, School of Ocean Earth Science and Technology; University of Hawaii; Honolulu Hawaii USA
| | - Margo H. Edwards
- Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology; University of Hawaii; Honolulu Hawaii USA
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Briais A. Temporal variations of the segmentation of slow to intermediate spreading mid-ocean ridges 1. Synoptic observations based on satellite altimetry data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jb000533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Floyd JS, Mutter JC, Goodliffe AM, Taylor B. Evidence for fault weakness and fluid flow within an active low-angle normal fault. Nature 2001; 411:779-83. [PMID: 11459052 DOI: 10.1038/35081040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Determining the composition and physical properties of shallow-dipping, active normal faults (dips < 35 degrees with respect to the horizontal) is important for understanding how such faults slip under low resolved shear stress and accommodate significant extension of the crust and lithosphere. Seismic reflection images and earthquake source parameters show that a magnitude 6.2 earthquake occurred at about 5 km depth on or close to a normal fault with a dip of 25-30 degrees located ahead of a propagating spreading centre in the Woodlark basin. Here we present results from a genetic algorithm inversion of seismic reflection data, which shows that the fault at 4-5 km depth contains a 33-m-thick layer with seismic velocities of about 4.3 km s(-1), which we interpret to be composed of serpentinite fault gouge. Isolated zones exhibit velocities as low as approximately 1.7 km s(-1) with high porosities, which we suggest are maintained by high fluid pressures. We propose that hydrothermal fluid flow, possibly driven by a deep magmatic heat source, and high extensional stresses ahead of the ridge tip have created conditions for fault weakness and strain localization on the low-angle normal fault.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Floyd
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964, USA.
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27
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Sayers J, Symonds PA, Direen NG, Bernardel G. Nature of the continent-ocean transition on the non-volcanic rifted margin of the central Great Australian Bight. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1144/gsl.sp.2001.187.01.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA region of 50–120 km width defines the continent-ocean transition (COT) in the central Great Australian Bight. It is characterized by a thin apron of post-break-up sediments overlying complexly deformed sediments and intruded crust bounded landward by a basement ridge complex and oceanward by rough oceanic basement. Recently acquired deep reflection and refraction seismic data have significantly enhanced understanding of the COT and basement ridge. Modelled gravity and magnetic data, and features interpreted from seismic data, are consistent with aspects of extensional and break-up models proposed for the West Iberia margin. Many of the features and relationships observed beneath the outer margin of the central Great Australian Bight can be explained by extension within a lithosphere-scale ‘pure-shear’ environment involving four layers: brittle upper crust and upper mantle, and ductile lower crust and lower lithospheric mantle. The COT is interpreted to be underlain by extended continental lithosphere. Thus, the continent-ocean boundary is unequivocally defined between oceanic crust and the COT and appears to be associated with sea-floor spreading magnetic anomaly 33, indicating that break-up and sea-floor spreading did not commence untilc.83 Ma (early Campanian time), later than the currently accepted 95 Ma age. The major part of the basement ridge complex is probably a combination of serpentinized peridotites and mafic intrusions or extrusions derived by mantle upwelling and limited partial melting. The magmatic products of this process probably cooled during chron 34 producing a distinctive magnetic anomaly, but one that does not relate to break-up and sea-floor spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Sayers
- Australian Geological Survey Organisation GPO Box 378, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Philip A. Symonds
- Australian Geological Survey Organisation GPO Box 378, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Nicholas G. Direen
- Australian Geological Survey Organisation GPO Box 378, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - George Bernardel
- Australian Geological Survey Organisation GPO Box 378, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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Canales JP, Collins JA, Escartín J, Detrick RS. Seismic structure across the rift valley of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 23°20′ (MARK area): Implications for crustal accretion processes at slow spreading ridges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jb900301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Hooft EEE, Detrick RS, Toomey DR, Collins JA, Lin J. Crustal thickness and structure along three contrasting spreading segments of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 33.5°-35°N. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jb900442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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30
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Dean SM, Minshull TA, Whitmarsh RB, Louden KE. Deep structure of the ocean-continent transition in the southern Iberia Abyssal Plain from seismic refraction profiles: The IAM-9 transect at 40°20′N. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jb900301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Gràcia E, Bideau D, Hekinian R, Lagabrielle Y. Detailed geological mapping of two contrasting second-order segments of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between Oceanographer and Hayes fracture zones (33°30′N-35°N). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jb900161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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Tikku AA, Cande SC. The oldest magnetic anomalies in the Australian-Antarctic Basin: Are they isochrons? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jb900034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Chapter 19 New insights on the formation of the caribbean basalt province revealed by multichannel seismic images of volcanic structures in the Venezuelan basin. SEDIMENTARY BASINS OF THE WORLD 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1874-5997(99)80053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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34
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Gao D, Hurst SD, Karson JA, Delaney JR, Spiess FN. Computer-aided interpretation of side-looking sonar images from the eastern intersection of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge with the Kane Transform. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jb00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Blackman DK, Cann JR, Janssen B, Smith DK. Origin of extensional core complexes: Evidence from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at Atlantis Fracture Zone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jb01756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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36
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Lawrence RM, Karson JA, Hurst SD. Dike orientations, fault-block rotations, and the construction of slow spreading oceanic crust at 22°40′N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/97jb02541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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37
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Dilek Y, Thy P. Structure, petrology and seafloor spreading tectonics of the Kizildag Ophiolite, Turkey. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1144/gsl.sp.1998.148.01.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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38
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Tucholke BE, Lin J, Kleinrock MC, Tivey MA, Reed TB, Goff J, Jaroslow GE. Segmentation and crustal structure of the western Mid-Atlantic Ridge flank, 25°25′-27°10′N and 0-29 m.y. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/96jb03896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Cann JR, Blackman DK, Smith DK, McAllister E, Janssen B, Mello S, Avgerinos E, Pascoe AR, Escartin J. Corrugated slip surfaces formed at ridge–transform intersections on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Nature 1997. [DOI: 10.1038/385329a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 391] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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40
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Hussenoeder SA, Tivey MA, Schouten H, Searle RC. Near-bottom magnetic survey of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge axis, 24°-24°40′N: Implications for crustal accretion at slow spreading ridges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jb01890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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41
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Tivey MA. Vertical magnetic structure of ocean crust determined from near-bottom magnetic field measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jb01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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42
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Barth GA, Mutter JC. Variability in oceanic crustal thickness and structure: Multichannel seismic reflection results from the northern East Pacific Rise. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jb00814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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43
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Macdonald KC, Fox PJ, Alexander RT, Pockalny R, Gente P. Volcanic growth faults and the origin of Pacific abyssal hills. Nature 1996. [DOI: 10.1038/380125a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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44
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Lawson K, Searle RC, Pearce JA, Browning P, Kempton P. Detailed volcanic geology of the MARNOK area, Mid-Atlantic Ridge north of Kane transform. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1144/gsl.sp.1996.118.01.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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45
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A mechanism for decoupling within the oceanic lithosphere revealed in the Troodos ophiolite. Nature 1995. [DOI: 10.1038/374232a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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