1
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Yao D, Ye L, Fu Z, Wang Q, He H, Lu J, Deng W, Huang X, Ke M, Liu Z. Topological Network Modes in a Twisted Moiré Phononic Crystal. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:266602. [PMID: 38996328 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.266602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Twisted moiré materials, a new class of layered structures with different twist angles for neighboring layers, are attracting great attention because of the rich intriguing physical phenomena associated with them. Of particular interest are the topological network modes, first proposed in the small angle twisted bilayer graphene under interlayer bias. Here we report the observations of such topological network modes in twisted moiré phononic crystals without requiring the external bias fields. Acoustic topological network modes that can be constructed in a wide range of twist angles are both observed in the domain walls with and without reconstructions, which serve as the analogy of the lattice relaxations in electronic moiré materials. Topological robustness of the topological network modes is observed by introducing valley-preserved defects to the network channel. Furthermore, the network can be reconfigured into two-dimensional patterns with any desired connectivity, offering a unique prototype platform for acoustic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Liping Ye
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhonghao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hailong He
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | | | | | | | - Manzhu Ke
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhengyou Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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2
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Hayashi M, Sumi T, Inooka Y, Hamatake H, Kawakita H, Ohto K, Morisada S. Effect of Particle-Substrate Interactions on Colloidal Layer Structure Prepared by Convective Self-Assembly Using Polyelectrolyte-Grafted Silica Particles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:8493-8502. [PMID: 38602017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Cationic and anionic polyelectrolytes, poly(vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium chloride) (PVBTA) and poly(sodium styrene sulfate) (PSSS), were grafted on the surface of the silica particles, respectively, and then these two types of polyelectrolyte-grafted silica particles were applied to the colloidal layer preparation by convective self-assembly (CSA) using hydrophilic or hydrophobic glass substrates to investigate the effect of the interactions between the particles and the substrate surface on the resultant layer structures. When the PVBTA-grafted silica particle (PVBTA-Si) was used, the colloidal monolayers with a non-close-packed (NCP) structure were formed on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic glass substrates, where the NCP colloidal layers on the hydrophobic glass substrate have a somewhat more ordered structure than those on the hydrophilic glass substrate. In the case of the PSSS-grafted silica particle (PSSS-Si), on the other hand, stripe patterns with close-packed (CP) colloidal layers were obtained on both types of the glass substrates. The number of layers of the stripes on the hydrophilic glass substrate was less than that on the hydrophobic glass substrate, while the spacing and width of the stripes on both substrates were similar to each other. The difference in the structures of the colloidal layers obtained here indicates that an attractive interaction, such as an electrostatic attraction and a hydrophobic interaction, between the particle and the substrate surface is necessary to achieve the NCP structure by the CSA process using polyelectrolyte-grafted silica particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, 1 Honjo, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sumi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, 1 Honjo, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Yaya Inooka
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, 1 Honjo, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Hiromu Hamatake
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, 1 Honjo, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kawakita
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, 1 Honjo, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ohto
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, 1 Honjo, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Shintaro Morisada
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, 1 Honjo, Saga 840-8502, Japan
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3
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Khatun N, Sridurai V, Nair GG. Towards complete photonic band gap in a high refractive index nanoparticle-doped blue phase liquid crystal. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:17808-17817. [PMID: 37661760 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03366j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals with complete photonic band gap (PBG) are fascinating due to the possibility of controlling light in all directions. Realizing such photonic crystals is nontrivial due to symmetry requirements and associated fabrication challenges. Liquid crystalline cubic blue phases (BPs) are soft 3D photonic crystals with an incomplete PBG due to the low refractive index contrast (<0.1). The present work attempts to drive a cubic BP towards a complete PBG via a simple approach of high refractive index nanoparticle-doping. The photonic band diagrams and reflection spectra of the nanoparticle-doped BP simulated using the finite element method show an increased PBG width, a parameter that quantifies the complete PBG. The reflection spectra obtained from UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy show an increase (by a factor of >2) in PBG width for the nanoparticle-doped BP, validating the simulations. The findings are explained based on increased refractive index contrast (∼1.4) due to the nanoparticles getting trapped in the cores of disclination lines that make up the BP lattice. The simulations also indicate effective confinement of electric field eigenmodes in the nanoparticle-doped BP leading to high attenuation of the incident light. Further, the iso-frequency contours extracted from the band diagrams exhibit self-collimation and negative refraction of light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurjahan Khatun
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Bangalore 562162, India.
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Vimala Sridurai
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Bangalore 562162, India.
| | - Geetha G Nair
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Bangalore 562162, India.
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4
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Taverne MP, Zheng X, Chen YSJ, Morgan KA, Chen L, Palakkool NM, Rezaie D, Awachi H, Rarity JG, Hewak DW, Huang CC, Ho YLD. Conformal CVD-Grown MoS 2 on Three-Dimensional Woodpile Photonic Crystals for Photonic Bandgap Engineering. ACS APPLIED OPTICAL MATERIALS 2023; 1:990-996. [PMID: 37255502 PMCID: PMC10226160 DOI: 10.1021/acsaom.3c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
To achieve the modification of photonic band structures and realize the dispersion control toward functional photonic devices, composites of photonic crystal templates with high-refractive-index material are fabricated. A two-step process is used: 3D polymeric woodpile templates are fabricated by a direct laser writing method followed by chemical vapor deposition of MoS2. We observed red-shifts of partial bandgaps at the near-infrared region when the thickness of deposited MoS2 films increases. A ∼10 nm red-shift of fundamental and high-order bandgap is measured after each 1 nm MoS2 thin film deposition and confirmed by simulations and optical measurements using an angle-resolved Fourier imaging spectroscopy system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike P.
C. Taverne
- Department
of Mathematics, Physics & Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, BS8 1UB Bristol, U.K.
| | - Xu Zheng
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, BS8 1UB Bristol, U.K.
| | - Yu-Shao Jacky Chen
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, BS8 1UB Bristol, U.K.
| | - Katrina A. Morgan
- Optoelectronics
Research Centre, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, U.K.
| | - Lifeng Chen
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, BS8 1UB Bristol, U.K.
| | - Nadira Meethale Palakkool
- Department
of Mathematics, Physics & Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
| | - Daniel Rezaie
- Department
of Mathematics, Physics & Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
| | - Habib Awachi
- Department
of Mathematics, Physics & Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
| | - John G. Rarity
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, BS8 1UB Bristol, U.K.
| | - Daniel W. Hewak
- Optoelectronics
Research Centre, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, U.K.
| | - Chung-Che Huang
- Optoelectronics
Research Centre, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, U.K.
| | - Ying-Lung Daniel Ho
- Department
of Mathematics, Physics & Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, BS8 1UB Bristol, U.K.
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5
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Sepahvandi V, Rezaei B, Aly AH. Tunable multichannel Fibonacci one-dimensional terahertz photonic crystal filter. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5631. [PMID: 37024662 PMCID: PMC10079929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32769-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper proposes a multichannel terahertz optical filter based on a one-dimensional photonic crystal with a third-order Fibonacci structure, including a bulk Dirac semimetal. The tuning of the optical properties of the proposed structure has been theoretically studied as a function of the Dirac semimetals' Fermi energy. Furthermore, the effects of the Fibonacci structure's periodic number and light's incident angle on optical channels were investigated. The results reveal that changes in the Fermi energy and incident angle remarkably affect the frequency and transmission of the optical channels. Additionally, the number of optical channels increases by increasing the periodic number of the Fibonacci structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sepahvandi
- Faculty of Physics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - B Rezaei
- Faculty of Physics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - A H Aly
- TH-PPM Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62521, Egypt
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6
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New Class of Polymer Materials-Quasi-Nematic Colloidal Particle Self-Assemblies: The Case of Assemblies of Prolate Spheroidal Poly(Styrene/Polyglycidol) Particles. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224859. [PMID: 36432985 PMCID: PMC9698966 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Assemblies of colloidal polymer particles find various applications in many advanced technologies. However, for every type of application, assemblies with properly tailored properties are needed. Until now, attention has been concentrated on the assemblies composed of spherical particles arranged into so-called perfect colloidal crystals and on complex materials containing mixtures of crystal and disordered phases. However, new opportunities are opened by using assemblies of spheroidal particles. In such assemblies, the particles, in addition to the three positional have three angular degrees of freedom. Here, the preparation of 3D assemblies of reference microspheres and prolate spheroidal poly(styrene/polyglycidol) microparticles by deposition from water and water/ethanol media on silicon substrates is reported. The particles have the same polystyrene/polyglycidol composition and the same volumes but differ with respect to their aspect ratio (AR) ranged from 1 to 8.5. SEM microphotographs reveal that particles in the assembly top layers are arranged into the quasi-nematic structures and that the quality of their orientation in the same direction increase with increasing AR. Nano- and microindentation studies demonstrate that interactions of sharp and flat tips with arrays of spheroidal particles lead to different types of particle deformations.
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7
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Wang M, Ma Q, Liu S, Zhang RY, Zhang L, Ke M, Liu Z, Chan CT. Observation of boundary induced chiral anomaly bulk states and their transport properties. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5916. [PMID: 36207327 PMCID: PMC9546894 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33447-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The most useful property of topological materials is perhaps the robust transport of topological edge modes, whose existence depends on bulk topological invariants. This means that we need to make volumetric changes to many atoms in the bulk to control the transport properties of the edges in a sample. We suggest here that we can do the reverse in some cases: the properties of the edge can be used to induce chiral transport phenomena in some bulk modes. Specifically, we show that a topologically trivial 2D hexagonal phononic crystal slab (waveguide) bounded by hard-wall boundaries guarantees the existence of bulk modes with chiral anomaly inside a pseudogap due to finite size effect. We experimentally observed robust valley-selected transport, complete valley state conversion, and valley focusing of the chiral anomaly bulk states (CABSs) in such phononic crystal waveguides. The same concept also applies to electromagnetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudi Wang
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiyun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruo-Yang Zhang
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Manzhu Ke
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengyou Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. .,Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - C T Chan
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
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8
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Zhang B. Cladding-Free Photonic Circuits Boost Dense On-Chip Integration. PHYSICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physics.15.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Ye L, Qiu C, Xiao M, Li T, Du J, Ke M, Liu Z. Topological dislocation modes in three-dimensional acoustic topological insulators. Nat Commun 2022; 13:508. [PMID: 35082291 PMCID: PMC8791950 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28182-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Dislocations are ubiquitous in three-dimensional solid-state materials. The interplay of such real space topology with the emergent band topology defined in reciprocal space gives rise to gapless helical modes bound to the line defects. This is known as bulk-dislocation correspondence, in contrast to the conventional bulk-boundary correspondence featuring topological states at boundaries. However, to date rare compelling experimental evidences have been presented for this intriguing topological observable in solid-state systems, owing to the huge challenges in creating controllable dislocations and conclusively identifying topological signals. Here, using a three-dimensional acoustic weak topological insulator with precisely controllable dislocations, we report an unambiguous experimental evidence for the long-desired bulk-dislocation correspondence, through directly measuring the gapless dispersion of the one-dimensional topological dislocation modes. Remarkably, as revealed in our further experiments, the pseudospin-locked dislocation modes can be unidirectionally guided in an arbitrarily-shaped dislocation path. The peculiar topological dislocation transport, expected in a variety of classical wave systems, can provide unprecedented control over wave propagations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Ye
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chunyin Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Meng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Tianzi Li
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Juan Du
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Manzhu Ke
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Zhengyou Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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10
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Experimental realization of a Fresnel hologram as a super spectral resolution optical element. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20764. [PMID: 34675365 PMCID: PMC8531134 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99955-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly dispersive, diffractive optical element is designed and realized for an extremely high spectral resolution spectroscopy for exoplanet telescope application. Our design uses an annular Fresnel hologram to transform incident starlight directly into a spectrogram. The recording of the hologram is accomplished using two spherical waves of different radius of curvature. The resultant hologram consists of an annular grating structure with a gradually shrinking period as a function of increasing radius. The variable period not only could bring the incoming star-light into focus, but also exhibits a large on-axis chromatic behavior. We demonstrate a dispersion of wavelength 430–700 nm over 190 mm on-axis distance, leading to a super fine spectral resolution 0.0266 nm at wavelength 515 nm for a detector size of 20 µm.
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11
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Demontis V, Zannier V, Sorba L, Rossella F. Surface Nano-Patterning for the Bottom-Up Growth of III-V Semiconductor Nanowire Ordered Arrays. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2079. [PMID: 34443910 PMCID: PMC8398085 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ordered arrays of vertically aligned semiconductor nanowires are regarded as promising candidates for the realization of all-dielectric metamaterials, artificial electromagnetic materials, whose properties can be engineered to enable new functions and enhanced device performances with respect to naturally existing materials. In this review we account for the recent progresses in substrate nanopatterning methods, strategies and approaches that overall constitute the preliminary step towards the bottom-up growth of arrays of vertically aligned semiconductor nanowires with a controlled location, size and morphology of each nanowire. While we focus specifically on III-V semiconductor nanowires, several concepts, mechanisms and conclusions reported in the manuscript can be invoked and are valid also for different nanowire materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Demontis
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (V.Z.); (L.S.)
| | - Valentina Zannier
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (V.Z.); (L.S.)
| | - Lucia Sorba
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (V.Z.); (L.S.)
| | - Francesco Rossella
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (V.Z.); (L.S.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Informatiche e Matematiche, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
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12
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Cai Z, Li Z, Ravaine S, He M, Song Y, Yin Y, Zheng H, Teng J, Zhang A. From colloidal particles to photonic crystals: advances in self-assembly and their emerging applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5898-5951. [PMID: 34027954 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00706d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the last three decades, photonic crystals (PhCs) have attracted intense interests thanks to their broad potential applications in optics and photonics. Generally, these structures can be fabricated via either "top-down" lithographic or "bottom-up" self-assembly approaches. The self-assembly approaches have attracted particular attention due to their low cost, simple fabrication processes, relative convenience of scaling up, and the ease of creating complex structures with nanometer precision. The self-assembled colloidal crystals (CCs), which are good candidates for PhCs, have offered unprecedented opportunities for photonics, optics, optoelectronics, sensing, energy harvesting, environmental remediation, pigments, and many other applications. The creation of high-quality CCs and their mass fabrication over large areas are the critical limiting factors for real-world applications. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art techniques in the self-assembly of colloidal particles for the fabrication of large-area high-quality CCs and CCs with unique symmetries. The first part of this review summarizes the types of defects commonly encountered in the fabrication process and their effects on the optical properties of the resultant CCs. Next, the mechanisms of the formation of cracks/defects are discussed, and a range of versatile fabrication methods to create large-area crack/defect-free two-dimensional and three-dimensional CCs are described. Meanwhile, we also shed light on both the advantages and limitations of these advanced approaches developed to fabricate high-quality CCs. The self-assembly routes and achievements in the fabrication of CCs with the ability to open a complete photonic bandgap, such as cubic diamond and pyrochlore structure CCs, are discussed as well. Then emerging applications of large-area high-quality CCs and unique photonic structures enabled by the advanced self-assembly methods are illustrated. At the end of this review, we outlook the future approaches in the fabrication of perfect CCs and highlight their novel real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Cai
- Research Institute for Frontier Science, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China. and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117576, Singapore and Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Serge Ravaine
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, CRPP, UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Mingxin He
- Department of Physics, Center for Soft Matter Research, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Yanlin Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Hanbin Zheng
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, CRPP, UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Jinghua Teng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634, Singapore.
| | - Ao Zhang
- Research Institute for Frontier Science, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
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13
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Transforming single-band static FSS to dual-band dynamic FSS using origami. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13884. [PMID: 32807866 PMCID: PMC7431414 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70434-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) have been used to control and shape electromagnetic waves. Previous design approaches use complex geometries that are challenging to implement. With the purpose to transform electromagnetic waves, we morph the shapes of FSS designs based on origami patterns to attain new degrees of freedom and achieve enhanced electromagnetic performance. Specifically, using origami patterns with strongly coupled electromagnetic resonators, we transform a single-band FSS to a dual-band FSS. We explain this transformation by showing that both symmetric and anti-symmetric modes are excited due to the strong coupling and suitable orientation of the elements. Also, our origami FSS can fold/unfold thereby tuning (i.e., reconfiguring) its dual-band performance. Therefore, the proposed FSS is a dynamic reconfigurable electromagnetic structure whereas traditional FSSs are static and cannot change their performance.
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14
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Hsieh ML, Kaiser A, Bhattacharya S, John S, Lin SY. Experimental demonstration of broadband solar absorption beyond the lambertian limit in certain thin silicon photonic crystals. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11857. [PMID: 32678229 PMCID: PMC7366676 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68704-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The tantalizing possibility of 31% solar-to-electric power conversion efficiency in thin film crystalline silicon solar cell architectures relies essentially on solar absorption well beyond the Lambertian light trapping limit (Bhattacharya and John in Nat Sci Rep 9:12482, 2019). Up to now, no solar cell architecture has exhibited above-Lambertian solar absorption, integrated over the broad solar spectrum. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate two types of photonic crystal (PhC) solar cells architectures that exceed Lambertian light absorption, integrated over the entire 300–1,200 nm wavelength band. These measurements confirm theoretically predicted wave-interference-based optical resonances associated with long lifetime, slow-light modes and parallel-to-interface refraction. These phenomena are beyond the realm of ray optics. Using two types of 10-μm thick PhC’s, first an Inverted Pyramid PhC with lattice constant a = 2,500 nm and second a Teepee PhC with a = 1,200 nm, we observe solar absorption well beyond the Lambertian limit over λ = 950–1,200 nm. Our absorption measurements correspond to the maximum-achievable-photocurrent-density (MAPD), under AM1.5G illumination at 4-degree incident angle, 41.29 and 41.52 mA/cm2 for the Inverted Pyramid and Teepee PhC, respectively, in agreement with wave-optics, numerical simulations. Both of these values exceed the MAPD (= 39.63 mA/cm2) corresponding to the Lambertian limit for a 10-μm thick silicon for solar absorption over the 300–1,200 nm band.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Li Hsieh
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy and Center-for-Future-Energy-System (CFES), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.,Department of Photonics and the College of Photonics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Alex Kaiser
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy and Center-for-Future-Energy-System (CFES), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Sayak Bhattacharya
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A7, Canada.,Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, New Delhi, 110020, India
| | - Sajeev John
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - Shawn-Yu Lin
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy and Center-for-Future-Energy-System (CFES), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA. .,Department of Photonics and the College of Photonics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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15
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You J, Tao Z, Luo Y, Yang J, Zhang J, Zheng X, Cheng X, Jiang T. BER evaluation in a multi-channel graphene-silicon photonic crystal hybrid interconnect: a study of fast- and slow-light effects. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:17286-17298. [PMID: 32679939 DOI: 10.1364/oe.392907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive theoretical investigation on the bit-error ratio (BER) performance of multi-channel photonic interconnects operating in pulsed regimes is presented. Specifically, the optical link contains either a silicon photonic crystal (SiPhC) or a SiPhC-graphene (SiPhC-GRA) waveguide, possessing slow-light (SL) and fast-light (FL) regimes. A series of Gaussian pulses plus complex white noise are placed at input of each channel, with output signals demultiplexed and analyzed by a direct-detection receiver. Moreover, a rigorous theoretical model is proposed to measure signal propagation in SiPhC and SiPhC-GRA, which incorporates all crucial linear and nonlinear optical effects, as well as influences of free-carriers and SL effects. BER results of multi-channel systems are evaluated by utilizing the Fourier series Karhunen-Loeve expansion method. Our findings reveal that good BER performance is acquired at SiPhCs and SiPhC-GRAs in SL regimes but with their footprint about 2.5-fold smaller than FL waveguides. Moreover, the enhanced nonlinearity in SiPhC-GRAs induced by strong graphene-SiPhC coupling causes extra signal degradation than SiPhCs at the same length. This work provides additional insights into the coupling effect between SiPhCs operating in SL regimes and graphene, and their influence on WDM signal transmission, highlighting the potential applications of SiPhC-GRA interconnects in next-generation super-computing systems.
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16
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Li C, Xue Q, Ji Z, Li Y, Zhang H, Li D. Construction of photonic crystals with thermally adjustable pseudo-gaps. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:3063-3068. [PMID: 32133472 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm02449b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photonic crystals (PCs) are periodic dielectric structures with photonic bandgaps and they can be used to control and manipulate photons effectively. Novel photonic crystal materials with tunable bandgaps can be prepared by changing the refractive index of the dielectric or lattice parameters under external stimuli, while using temperature to adjust the photonic band gap is a simple and convenient method. In this paper, silica PCs having different pseudo-gaps in the range of 450-750 nm were prepared with colloidal SiO2 spheres of different sizes. Thermo-sensitive PNIPAM hydrogel was then infiltrated into the PCs to obtain PNIPAM-PCs, whose pseudo-gap blue-shifted when the temperature was changed from 24 to 34 °C and exhibited good reversibility. The PCs with tunable bandgaps are significant for the development of integrated photonic devices, sensors, and in detection and other technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Li
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
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17
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Molina MI, English LQ, Chang MH, Kevrekidis PG. Linear impurity modes in an electrical lattice: Theory and experiment. Phys Rev E 2020; 100:062114. [PMID: 31962490 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.062114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We examine theoretically and experimentally the localized electrical modes existing in a bi-inductive electrical lattice containing a bulk or a surface capacitive impurity. By means of the formalism of lattice Green's functions, we are able to obtain closed-form expressions for the frequencies of the impurity (bound-state) eigenmodes and for their associated spatial profiles. This affords us a systematic understanding of how these mode properties change as a function of the system parameters. We test these analytical results against experimental measurements, in both the bulk and surface cases, and find very good agreement. Last, we turn to a series of quench experiments, where either a parameter of the lattice or the lattice geometry itself is rapidly switched between two values or configurations. In all cases, we are able to naturally explain the results of such quench experiments from the larger analytical picture that emerges as a result of the detailed characterization of the impurity-mode solution branches.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Molina
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - L Q English
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17013, USA
| | - Ming-Hua Chang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17013, USA
| | - P G Kevrekidis
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-4515, USA.,Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK
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18
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The effect of metal ligands on the adsorption of metal coordination complexes on polystyrene nano-beads. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.05.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Li W, Meng F, Chen Y, Li YF, Huang X. Topology Optimization of Photonic and Phononic Crystals and Metamaterials: A Review. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.201900017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weibai Li
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn VIC 3122 Australia
| | - Fei Meng
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn VIC 3122 Australia
| | - Yafeng Chen
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn VIC 3122 Australia
| | - Yang fan Li
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn VIC 3122 Australia
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn VIC 3122 Australia
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20
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Wang B, Chen T, Zhang X. Experimental Observation of Topologically Protected Bound States with Vanishing Chern Numbers in a Two-Dimensional Quantum Walk. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:100501. [PMID: 30240260 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.100501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Quantum walks (QWs) provide a powerful tool as a quantum simulator to study and understand topological phases. Using such a quantum simulator, some topological phenomena have been discussed. However, all the experimental observations on the topological phenomena in QWs have been restricted to evolution in one dimension (1D) so far. The existing 2D experimental platforms cannot be applied to study topological phenomena due to lack of full control in the position space. Thus, some interesting topological phenomena in the 2D QW that do not exist in the 1D case, e.g., the edge-state-enhanced transport, have not been demonstrated experimentally. Here we report the experimental realization of 2D QW using spatial positions and orbital angular momentum of light. Based on our constructed experimental platform, we have observed 2D topological bound states with vanishing Chern numbers and confirmed the robustness of these bound states with respect to perturbations and disorder, which go beyond what has been known in static systems and are unique to periodically driven systems. Our studies not only represent an important advance in the study of topological phases, but also open up an avenue to explore topological properties in multidimensional QWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Tian Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
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21
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Shrivastava VP, Kumar J, Sivakumar S. Enhanced Green Upconversion Emission From α-NaYF4
:Yb, Er Nanoparticles Embedded Silica Inverse Opal Heterostructure. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201800079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Prasad Shrivastava
- Dr. Vishnu Prasad Shrivastava, Prof. Jitendra Kumar and Prof. Sri Sivakumar; Materials Science Programme; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur- 208016 India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Dr. Vishnu Prasad Shrivastava, Prof. Jitendra Kumar and Prof. Sri Sivakumar; Materials Science Programme; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur- 208016 India
| | - Sri Sivakumar
- Dr. Vishnu Prasad Shrivastava, Prof. Jitendra Kumar and Prof. Sri Sivakumar; Materials Science Programme; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur- 208016 India
- Prof. Sri Sivakumar; Department of Chemical Engineering; Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering; Thematic Unit of Excellence on Soft Nanofabrication; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur- 208016 India
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22
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Dasgupta T, Dijkstra M. Towards the colloidal Laves phase from binary hard-sphere mixtures via sedimentation. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:2465-2475. [PMID: 29561059 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00237a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal photonic crystals, which show a complete band gap in the visible region, have numerous applications in fibre optics, energy storage and conversion, and optical wave guides. Intriguingly, two of the best examples of photonic crystals, the diamond and pyrochlore structure, can be self-assembled into the colloidal MgCu2 Laves phase crystal from a simple binary hard-sphere mixture. For these colloidal length scales thermal and gravitational energies are often comparable and therefore it is worthwhile to study the sedimentation phase behavior of these systems. For a multicomponent system this is possible through a theoretical construct known as a stacking diagram, which constitutes a set of all possible stacking sequences of phases in a sedimentation column, and uses as input the bulk phase diagram of the system in the chemical potential plane. We determine the stable phases for binary hard-sphere systems with varying diameter ratios using Monte Carlo simulations and analytical equations of state available in literature and calculate the corresponding stacking diagrams. We also discuss observations from event-driven Brownian dynamics simulations in relation to our theoretical stacking diagrams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonnishtha Dasgupta
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Department of Physics, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Marjolein Dijkstra
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Department of Physics, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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23
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Gong J, Wu N. Electric-Field Assisted Assembly of Colloidal Particles into Ordered Nonclose-Packed Arrays. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:5769-5776. [PMID: 28514847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonclose-packed colloidal arrays have many potential applications ranging from plasmonic sensors, light trapping for photovoltaics, to transparent electrodes. However, scalable fabrication of those structures remains a challenge. In this Article, we investigate the robustness of an electric-field assisted approach systematically. A monolayer of nonclose-packed crystalline array is first created under a low-frequency alternating-current electric field in solution. We then apply a sequence of direct-current pulses to fix the particle array onto the substrate so that it remains intact even after both field removal and solvent evaporation. Key process parameters such as the alternating-current field strength, direct-current magnitude, particle concentration, and solvent-evaporation rate that affect both ordering and fixing of colloidal particles have been studied systematically. We find that direct currents with an intermediate magnitude induce electrophoretic motion of particles toward the substrate and facilitate their permanent adhesion on the substrate due to strong van der Waals attraction. A higher current, however, causes lateral aggregation of particles arising from electroosmotic flow of solvent and destroys the periodic ordering between particles. This approach, in principle, can be conveniently adapted into the continuous convective assembly process, thus making the fabrication of nonclose-packed colloidal arrays scalable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Gong
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Ning Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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24
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Yang R, Hu B, Zhang A, Gao D, Wang H, Shi A, Lei Z, Yang P. Enhanced Transmissions Through Three-dimensional Cascade Sharp Waveguide Bends Using C-slit Diaphragms. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45095. [PMID: 28322344 PMCID: PMC5359609 DOI: 10.1038/srep45095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmission properties through sharp rectangular waveguide bends are investigated to determine the cut-off bending angles of the wave propagation. We show that a simple metallic diaphragm at the bending corner with properly devised sub-wavelength defect apertures of C-slits would be readily to turn on the transmissions with scarce reflections of the propagating modes, while preserving the integrity of the transmitting fields soon after the bends. In particularly, our design also demonstrates the capability of eliminating all the unwanted cavity resonant transmissions that exist in the three-dimensional cascade sharp waveguide bends, and solely let the desired signals travel along the whole passage of the waveguide. The present approach, using C-slit diaphragms to support the sharp bending behaviors of the guided waves with greatly enhanced transmissions, would be especially effective in constructing novel waveguides and pave the way for the development of more compact and miniaturized electromagnetic systems that exploit these waveguide bends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- School of Electronic Engineering. Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, People's R China
| | - Bowei Hu
- School of Electronic Engineering. Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, People's R China
| | - Aofang Zhang
- School of Electronic Engineering. Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, People's R China
| | - Dongxing Gao
- School of Electronic Engineering. Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, People's R China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Electronic Engineering. Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, People's R China
| | - Ayuan Shi
- School of Electronic Engineering. Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, People's R China
| | - Zhenya Lei
- School of Electronic Engineering. Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, People's R China
| | - Pei Yang
- School of Electronic Engineering. Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, People's R China
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25
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Huang Y, Li W, Qin M, Zhou H, Zhang X, Li F, Song Y. Printable Functional Chips Based on Nanoparticle Assembly. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1503339. [PMID: 28102576 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
With facile manufacturability and modifiability, impressive nanoparticles (NPs) assembly applications were performed for functional patterned devices, which have attracted booming research attention due to their increasing applications in high-performance optical/electrical devices for sensing, electronics, displays, and catalysis. By virtue of easy and direct fabrication to desired patterns, high throughput, and low cost, NPs assembly printing is one of the most promising candidates for the manufacturing of functional micro-chips. In this review, an overview of the fabrications and applications of NPs patterned assembly by printing methods, including inkjet printing, lithography, imprinting, and extended printing techniques is presented. The assembly processes and mechanisms on various substrates with distinct wettabilities are deeply discussed and summarized. Via manipulating the droplet three phase contact line (TCL) pinning or slipping, the NPs contracted in ink are controllably assembled following the TCL, and generate novel functional chips and correlative integrate devices. Finally, the perspective of future developments and challenges is presented and widely exhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wenbo Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, 100190, Beijing, PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Meng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, 100190, Beijing, PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haihua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xingye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Fengyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, 100190, Beijing, PR China
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26
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Luo J, Yang Y, Yao Z, Lu W, Hou B, Hang ZH, Chan CT, Lai Y. Ultratransparent Media and Transformation Optics with Shifted Spatial Dispersions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:223901. [PMID: 27925741 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.223901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
By using pure dielectric photonic crystals, we demonstrate the realization of ultratransparent media, which allow near 100% transmission of light for all incident angles and create aberration-free virtual images. The ultratransparency effect is well explained by spatially dispersive effective medium theory for photonic crystals, and verified by both simulations and proof-of-principle microwave experiments. Designed with shifted elliptical equal frequency contours, such ultratransparent media not only provide a low-loss and feasible platform for transformation optics devices at optical frequencies, but also enable new freedom for phase manipulation beyond the local medium framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yuting Yang
- College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zhongqi Yao
- College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Weixin Lu
- College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Bo Hou
- College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zhi Hong Hang
- College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - C T Chan
- Department of physics and Institute for Advanced Study, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong
| | - Yun Lai
- College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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27
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Yao Z, Luo J, Lai Y. Photonic crystals with broadband, wide-angle, and polarization-insensitive transparency. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:5106-5109. [PMID: 27805696 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.005106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Photonic crystals (PhCs) are well-known band gap materials that can block the propagation of electromagnetic waves within certain frequency regimes. Here, we demonstrate that PhCs can also exhibit the contrary property: broadband, wide-angle, and polarization-insensitive transparency beyond normal dielectric solids. Such high transparency attributes to robust impedance matching between a large group of eigen-states in PhCs and propagating waves in free space. As a demonstration, a transparent wall for broadband microwaves is designed for enhancing the transmittance of WiFi and 4G signals.
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28
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Preparation of Three-Dimensional Photonic Crystals of Zirconia by Electrodeposition in a Colloidal Crystals Template. CRYSTALS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst6070076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Extraordinary wavelength reduction in terahertz graphene-cladded photonic crystal slabs. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25301. [PMID: 27143314 PMCID: PMC4855219 DOI: 10.1038/srep25301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Photonic crystal slabs have been widely used in nanophotonics for light confinement, dispersion engineering, nonlinearity enhancement, and other unusual effects arising from their structural periodicity. Sub-micron device sizes and mode volumes are routine for silicon-based photonic crystal slabs, however spectrally they are limited to operate in the near infrared. Here, we show that two single-layer graphene sheets allow silicon photonic crystal slabs with submicron periodicity to operate in the terahertz regime, with an extreme 100× wavelength reduction from graphene's large kinetic inductance. The atomically thin graphene further leads to excellent out-of-plane confinement, and consequently photonic-crystal-slab band structures that closely resemble those of ideal two-dimensional photonic crystals, with broad band gaps even when the slab thickness approaches zero. The overall photonic band structure not only scales with the graphene Fermi level, but more importantly scales to lower frequencies with reduced slab thickness. Just like ideal 2D photonic crystals, graphene-cladded photonic crystal slabs confine light along line defects, forming waveguides with the propagation lengths on the order of tens of lattice constants. The proposed structure opens up the possibility to dramatically reduce the size of terahertz photonic systems by orders of magnitude.
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30
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Schmudde M, Grunewald C, Goroncy C, Noufele CN, Stein B, Risse T, Graf C. Controlling the Interaction and Non-Close-Packed Arrangement of Nanoparticles on Large Areas. ACS NANO 2016; 10:3525-3535. [PMID: 26919385 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b07782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In light of the importance of nanostructured surfaces for a variety of technological applications, the quest for simple and reliable preparation methods of ordered, nanometer ranged structures is ongoing. Herein, a versatile method to prepare ordered, non-close-packed arrangements of nanoparticles on centimeter sized surfaces by self-assembly is described using monodisperse (118-162 nm Ø), amino-functionalized silica nanoparticles as an exploratory example. It is shown that the arrangement of the particles is governed by the interplay between the electrostatic repulsion between the particles and the interaction between particles and surfaces. The latter is tuned by the properties of the particles such as their surface roughness as well as the chemistry of the linkage. Weak dispersive interactions between amino groups and gold surfaces are compared to a covalent amide linkage of the amino groups with carboxylic acid functionalized self-assembled monolayers. It was shown that the order of the former systems may suffer from capillary forces between particles during the drying process, while the covalently bonded systems do not. In turn, covalently bonded systems can be dried quickly, while the van der Waals bonded systems require a slow drying process to minimize aggregation. These highly ordered structures can be used as templates for the formation of a second, ordered, non-close-packed layer of nanoparticles exemplified for larger polystyrene particles (Ø 368 ± 14 nm), which highlights the prospect of this approach as a simple preparation method for ordered arrays of nanoparticles with tunable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madlen Schmudde
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Grunewald
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Goroncy
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christelle N Noufele
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Stein
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Risse
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Graf
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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31
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Zhang L, Xiong Z, Shan L, Zheng L, Wei T, Yan Q. Layer-by-Layer Approach to (2+1)D Photonic Crystal Superlattice with Enhanced Crystalline Integrity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:4910-4921. [PMID: 26179658 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201501026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Large-area polystyrene (PS) colloidal monolayers with high mechanical strength are created by a combination of the air/water interface self-assembly and the solvent vapor annealing technique. Layer-by-layer (LBL) stacking of these colloidal monolayers leads to the formation of (2+1)D photonic crystal superlattice with enhanced crystalline integrity. By manipulating the diameter of PS spheres and the repetition period of the colloidal monolayers, flexible control in structure and stop band position of the (2+1)D photonic crystal superlattice has been realized, which may afford new opportunities for engineering photonic bandgap materials. Furthermore, an enhancement of 97.3% on light output power of a GaN-based light emitting diode is demonstrated when such a (2+1)D photonic crystal superlattice employed as a back reflector. The performance enhancement is attributed to the photonic bandgap enhancement and good angle-independence of the (2+1)D photonic crystal superlattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhuo Xiong
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Liang Shan
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lu Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tongbo Wei
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qingfeng Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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32
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Morisada S, Kojima S, Sumi T, Kawakita H, Ohto K. Fabrication of non-close-packed colloidal monolayers by convective self-assembly using cationic polyelectrolyte-grafted silica particles. Colloid Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-015-3706-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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33
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Shrivastava VP, Sivakumar S, Kumar J. Green Color Purification in Tb(3+) Ions through Silica Inverse Opal Heterostructure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:11890-11899. [PMID: 25988498 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The ordered SiO2:Tb(3+) inverse opal heterostructure films are fabricated through polystyrene spheres hetero-opal template using the convective self-assembly method to examine their potential for color purification. Their optical properties and photoluminescence have been investigated and compared with individual single inverse opals and reference (SiO2:Tb(3+) powder). The heterostructures are shown to possess two broad photonic stop bands separated by an effective pass band, causing suppression of blue, orange, and red emission bands corresponding to (5)D4 → (7)F(j); j = 6, 4, 3 transitions, respectively and an enhancement of green emission (i.e., (5)D4 → (7)F5). Although the suppression of various emission occurs because of its overlap with the photonic band gaps (PSBs), the enhancement of green radiation is observed because of its location matching with the pass band region. The Commission International de l'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates of the emission spectrum of the heterostructure based on polystyrene sphere of 390 and 500 nm diameter are x = 0.2936, y = 0.6512 and lie closest to those of standard green color (wavelength 545 nm). In addition, a significant increase observed in luminescence lifetime for (5)D4 level of terbium in inverse opal heterostructures vis-à-vis reference (SiO2:Tb(3+) powder) is attributed to the change in the effective refractive index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Prasad Shrivastava
- †Materials Science Programme, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, §Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, ⊥Thematic Unit of Excellence on Soft Nanofabrication, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Sri Sivakumar
- †Materials Science Programme, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, §Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, ⊥Thematic Unit of Excellence on Soft Nanofabrication, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- †Materials Science Programme, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, §Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, ⊥Thematic Unit of Excellence on Soft Nanofabrication, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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34
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Han SG, Lim J, Shin J, Lee SM, Park T, Yoon J, Woo K, Lee H, Lee W. Optically pumped distributed feedback dye lasing with slide-coated TiO₂ inverse-opal slab as Bragg reflector. OPTICS LETTERS 2014; 39:4743-4746. [PMID: 25121863 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.004743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an optical amplification of organic dye within a TiO2 inverse-opal (IO) distributed feedback (DFB) reflector prepared by a slide-coating method. Highly reflective TiO2 IO film was fabricated by slide coating the binary aqueous dispersions of polystyrene microspheres and charge-stabilized TiO2 nanoparticles on a glass slide and subsequently removing the polymer-opal template. TiO2 IO film was infiltrated, in turn, with the solutions of DCM, a fluorescent dye in various solvents with different indices of refraction. Optical pumping by frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser resulted in amplified spontaneous emission in each dye solution. In accordance with the semi-empirical simulation by the FDTD method, DCM in ethanol showed the best emission/stopband matching for the TiO2 IO film used in this study. Therefore, photo excitation of a DCM/ethanol cavity showed a single-mode DFB lasing at 640 nm wavelength at moderate pump energy.
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35
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Cui S, Zhu Y, Xu W, Zhou P, Xia L, Chen X, Song H, Han W. Self-assembly and modified luminescence properties of NaY(MoO4)2:Tb3+, Eu3+inverse opals. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:13293-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01792g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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36
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Kaina N, Fink M, Lerosey G. Composite media mixing Bragg and local resonances for highly attenuating and broad bandgaps. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3240. [PMID: 24247617 PMCID: PMC3832873 DOI: 10.1038/srep03240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we investigate composite media which present both a local resonance and a periodic structure. We numerically and experimentally consider the case of a very academic and simplified system that is a quasi-one dimensional split ring resonator medium. We modify its periodicity to shift the position of the Bragg bandgap relative to the local resonance one. We observe that for a well-chosen lattice constant, the local resonance frequency matches the Bragg frequency thus opening a single bandgap which is at the same time very wide and strongly attenuating. We explain this interesting phenomenon by the dispersive nature of the unit cell of the medium, using an analogy with the concept of white light cavities. Our results provide new ways to design wide and efficient bandgap materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Kaina
- Institut Langevin, ESPCI ParisTech & CNRS UMR 7587, 1 rue Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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37
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Man W, Florescu M, Williamson EP, He Y, Hashemizad SR, Leung BYC, Liner DR, Torquato S, Chaikin PM, Steinhardt PJ. Isotropic band gaps and freeform waveguides observed in hyperuniform disordered photonic solids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:15886-91. [PMID: 24043795 PMCID: PMC3791749 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1307879110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, disordered photonic media and random textured surfaces have attracted increasing attention as strong light diffusers with broadband and wide-angle properties. We report the experimental realization of an isotropic complete photonic band gap (PBG) in a 2D disordered dielectric structure. This structure is designed by a constrained optimization method, which combines advantages of both isotropy due to disorder and controlled scattering properties due to low-density fluctuations (hyperuniformity) and uniform local topology. Our experiments use a modular design composed of Al2O3 walls and cylinders arranged in a hyperuniform disordered network. We observe a complete PBG in the microwave region, in good agreement with theoretical simulations, and show that the intrinsic isotropy of this unique class of PBG materials enables remarkable design freedom, including the realization of waveguides with arbitrary bending angles impossible in photonic crystals. This experimental verification of a complete PBG and realization of functional defects in this unique class of materials demonstrate their potential as building blocks for precise manipulation of photons in planar optical microcircuits and has implications for disordered acoustic and electronic band gap materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weining Man
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132
| | - Marian Florescu
- Advanced Technology Institute and Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Paul Williamson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132
| | - Yingquan He
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132
| | - Seyed Reza Hashemizad
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132
| | - Brian Y. C. Leung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132
| | - Devin Robert Liner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132
| | - Salvatore Torquato
- Departments of Physics and
- Chemistry and
- Princeton Center for Theoretical Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544; and
| | - Paul M. Chaikin
- Department of Physics, New York University, New York, NY 20012
| | - Paul J. Steinhardt
- Departments of Physics and
- Princeton Center for Theoretical Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544; and
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38
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Guo Y, Wang H, Reed JM, Pan S, Zou S. Effective light bending and controlling in a chamber-channel waveguide system. OPTICS LETTERS 2013; 38:2209-2211. [PMID: 23811879 DOI: 10.1364/ol.38.002209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel chamber-channel system is proposed to achieve the bending of light at a 90 deg angle with relatively high transmission efficiencies. An ultrathin film is introduced into the chamber to couple more light into the system, which makes the chamber as a light absorber, while the channel serves as an output pathway to guide the light through the system. We show that the light propagation is significantly affected by the output position of the channels. By setting the output to specific positions, the device can be considered as a light switch, amplifier, or filter. This work holds great potential for controlling light in nanoscale photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Guo
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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39
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Liu V, Fan S. Compact bends for multi-mode photonic crystal waveguides with high transmission and suppressed modal crosstalk. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:8069-8075. [PMID: 23571897 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.008069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an extremely compact bend for a photonic crystal waveguide supporting three spatial modes. The bend exhibits nearly 100% transmission over a relative bandwidth of 1% with less than 1% crosstalk. We show that our design is robust with respect to fabrication errors. Our design method is applied to create a structure consisting of dielectric rods, as well as a structure consisting of air holes in a dielectric background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
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40
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Bendaña XM, Lozano G, Pirruccio G, Gómez Rivas J, García de Abajo FJ. Excitation of confined modes on particle arrays. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:5636-5642. [PMID: 23482137 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.005636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We describe both theoretically and experimentally the existence and excitation of confined modes in planar arrays of gold nanodisks. Ordered 2D lattices of monodispersive nanoparticles are manufactured, embedded in a silica matrix, and exposed to evanescent prism-coupling illumination, leading to dark features in the reflectivity, which signal the presence of confined modes guided along the arrays. We find remarkable agreement between theory and experiment in the frequency-momentum dispersion of the resonances. Direct excitation of these modes reveals long propagation distances and deep extinction features. This combined experimental and theoretical characterization of guided modes shows a good understanding of the optical response of metallic particles arrays, which can be beneficial in future designs of optical-signal and distant-sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Bendaña
- Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano - CSIC, Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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41
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Arshad TA, Bonnecaze RT. Templated evaporative lithography for high throughput fabrication of nanopatterned films. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:624-633. [DOI: 10.1039/c2nr31924a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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42
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Feng J, Zhang H. Hybrid materials based on lanthanide organic complexes: a review. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:387-410. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35069f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 619] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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43
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Radiation-suppressed plasmonic open resonators designed by nonmagnetic transformation optics. Sci Rep 2012; 2:784. [PMID: 23136641 PMCID: PMC3491667 DOI: 10.1038/srep00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
How to confine light energy associated with surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in a physical space with minimal radiation loss whereas creating maximum interacting section with surrounding environment is of particular interest in plasmonic optics. By virtue of transformation optics, we propose a design method of forming a polygonal surface-plasmonic resonator in fully open structures by applying the nonmagnetic affine transformation optics strategy. The radiation loss can be suppressed because SPPs that propagate in the designed open structures will be deceived as if they were propagating on a flat metal/dielectric interface without radiation. Because of the nonmagnetic nature of the transformation strategy, this design can be implemented with dielectric materials available in nature. An experimentally verifiable model is subsequently proposed for future experimental demonstration. Our design may find potential applications in omnidirectional sensing, light harvesting, energy storage and plasmonic lasing.
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44
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Liu BT, Lin YL, Liaw WC, Lee RH, Lin SH. Improvement on solvent resistance of photonic crystals by surface modification. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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45
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Liu BT, Lin YL, Huang SX. Photonic bandgap of inverse opals prepared from core-shell spheres. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2012; 7:457. [PMID: 22894600 PMCID: PMC3503612 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-7-457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized monodispersed polystyrene (PS)-silica core-shell spheres with various shell thicknesses for the fabrication of photonic crystals. The shell thickness of the spheres was controlled by various additions of tetraethyl orthosilicate during the shell growth process. The shrinkage ratio of the inverse opal photonic crystals prepared from the core-shell spheres was significantly reduced from 14.7% to within 3%. We suspected that the improvement resulted from the confinement of silica shell to the contraction of PS space during calcination. Due to the shell effect, the inverse opals prepared from the core-shell spheres have higher filling fraction and larger wavelength of stop band maximum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Tau Liu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, 123 Univ. Rd., Sec. 3, Douliou, Yunlin, 64002, ,Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Li Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, 123 Univ. Rd., Sec. 3, Douliou, Yunlin, 64002, ,Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shao-Xian Huang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, 123 Univ. Rd., Sec. 3, Douliou, Yunlin, 64002, ,Taiwan, Republic of China
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46
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Diacon A, Mocanu A, Boscornea C, Hudhomme P. Monomer type emission of perylenediimide derivatives doped polymer particles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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47
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Yoon I, Kim K, Baker SE, Heineck D, Esener SC, Sirbuly DJ. Stimulus-responsive light coupling and modulation with nanofiber waveguide junctions. NANO LETTERS 2012; 12:1905-1911. [PMID: 22449127 DOI: 10.1021/nl2043024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report a systematic study of light coupling at junctions of overlapping SnO(2) nanofiber waveguides (WGs) as a function of gap separation and guided wavelength. The junctions were assembled on silica substrates using micromanipulation techniques and the gap separation was controlled by depositing thin self-assembled polyelectrolyte coatings at the fiber junctions. We demonstrate that the coupling efficiency is strongly dependent on the gap separation, showing strong fluctuations (0.1 dB/nm) in the power transfer when the separation between nanofibers changes by as little as 2 nm. Experimental results correlate well with numerical simulations using three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain techniques. To demonstrate the feasibility of using coupled nanofiber WGs to modulate light, we encased the junctions in an environment-responsive matrix and exposed the junctions to gaseous vapor. The nanofiber junctions show an ~95% (or ~80%) modulation of the guided 450 nm (or 510 nm) light upon interaction with the gaseous molecules. The results reveal a unique nanofiber-based sensing scheme that does not require a change in the refractive index to detect stimuli, suggesting these structures could play important roles in localized sensing devices including force-based measurements or novel chemically induced light modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilsun Yoon
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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48
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Hernández-Navarro S, Ignés-Mullol J, Sagués F, Tierno P. Role of anisotropy in electrodynamically induced colloidal aggregates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:5981-5986. [PMID: 22428907 DOI: 10.1021/la3002493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the assembly of spherical and anisotropic colloidal particles with the shape of peanuts when subjected to an external alternating electric field. By varying the strength and frequency of the applied field, we observe that both types of particles form clusters at low frequencies due to attractive electrohydrodynamic interactions or disperse into a liquidlike phase at high frequencies due to repulsive dipolar interactions. We characterize the observed structures via pair correlation functions and radius of gyration, and observe a clear difference in the ordering process between the isotropic and anisotropic colloids. Further on, we interpret the cluster formation kinetics in terms of dynamic scaling theory, and observe a faster aggregation of the anisotropic colloids with respect to the isotropic ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Hernández-Navarro
- Departament de Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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49
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Baczewski AD, Miller NC, Shanker B. Rapid analysis of scattering from periodic dielectric structures using accelerated Cartesian expansions. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2012; 29:531-540. [PMID: 22472831 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.29.000531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of fields in periodic dielectric structures arise in numerous applications of recent interest, ranging from photonic bandgap structures and plasmonically active nanostructures to metamaterials. To achieve an accurate representation of the fields in these structures using numerical methods, dense spatial discretization is required. This, in turn, affects the cost of analysis, particularly for integral-equation-based methods, for which traditional iterative methods require O(N2) operations, N being the number of spatial degrees of freedom. In this paper, we introduce a method for the rapid solution of volumetric electric field integral equations used in the analysis of doubly periodic dielectric structures. The crux of our method is the accelerated Cartesian expansion algorithm, which is used to evaluate the requisite potentials in O(N) cost. Results are provided that corroborate our claims of acceleration without compromising accuracy, as well as the application of our method to a number of compelling photonics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Baczewski
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48825, USA.
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50
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Kim SH, Lee CM, Sim SB, Kim JH, Choi JH, Han WS, Ahn KJ, Yee KJ. Enhanced in and out-coupling of InGaAs slab waveguides by periodic metal slit arrays. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:6365-6374. [PMID: 22418518 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.006365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We studied the in- and the out-coupling efficiencies of photons with a thin InGaAs slab covered by periodic gold nano-slit arrays, by measuring transmission and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. While the maximum in-coupled photons into the InGaAs slab waveguide were found at dip positions in transmission spectra, the mostly out-coupled photons were observed as peaks in PL spectra. For different periods of slit arrays and incident angles we discussed spectral positions of transmission dips and efficiency of the in-coupling influenced by the absorption coefficient of InGaAs. In PL spectra we measured overall enhanced PL intensities from the InGaAs slab covered by slit arrays compared to that of a bare InGaAs, where the peak positions are determined by the period of slit arrays as well. Our findings are important for designing semiconductors both as an optically passive waveguide and active light emitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyun Kim
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
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