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Zhao DD, Chung H, Jang YH, Farooq M, Choi SY, Du XX, Kim KM. Analysis of Rice Blast Fungus Genetic Diversity and Identification of a Novel Blast Resistance OsDRq12 Gene. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:1917-1925. [PMID: 39135297 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-24-0050-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
The rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae poses a significant challenge to maintaining rice production. Developing rice varieties with resistance to this disease is crucial for its effective control. To understand the genetic variability of blast isolates collected between 2015 and 2017, the 27 monogenic rice lines that carry specific resistance genes were used to evaluate blast disease reactions. Based on criteria such as viability, virulence, and reactions to resistance genes, 20 blast isolates were selected as representative strains. To identify novel resistance genes, a quantitative trait locus analysis was carried out utilizing a mixture of the 20 representative rice blast isolates and a rice population derived from crossing the blast-resistant cultivar 'Cheongcheong' with the blast-susceptible cultivar 'Nagdong'. This analysis revealed a significant locus, RM1227-RM1261 on chromosome 12, that is associated with rice blast resistance. Within this locus, 12 disease resistance-associated protein genes were identified. Among them, OsDRq12, a member of the nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat disease resistance family, was chosen as the target gene for additional computational investigation. The findings of this study have significant implications for enhancing rice production and ensuring food security by controlling rice blast and developing resistant rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zhao
- Crop Foundation Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Chung
- Crop Foundation Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Hee Jang
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Choi
- Crop Foundation Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiao-Xuan Du
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, College of Marine and Bioengineering, 211 Jianjun East Road, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, 224051, China
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Coastal Agriculture Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Qi Z, Meng X, Xu M, Du Y, Yu J, Song T, Pan X, Zhang R, Cao H, Yu M, Telebanco-Yanoria MJ, Lu G, Zhou B, Liu Y. A novel Pik allele confers extended resistance to rice blast. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 39087779 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
In the ongoing arms race between rice and Magnaporthe oryzae, the pathogen employs effectors to evade the immune response, while the host develops resistance genes to recognise these effectors and confer resistance. In this study, we identified a novel Pik allele, Pik-W25, from wild rice WR25 through bulked-segregant analysis, creating the Pik-W25 NIL (Near-isogenic Lines) named G9. Pik-W25 conferred resistance to isolates expressing AvrPik-C/D/E alleles. CRISPR-Cas9 editing was used to generate transgenic lines with a loss of function in Pik-W25-1 and Pik-W25-2, resulting in loss of resistance in G9 to isolates expressing the three alleles, confirming that Pik-W25-induced immunity required both Pik-W25-1 and Pik-W25-2. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and split luciferase complementation assays showed interactions between Pik-W25-1 and the three alleles, while Pik-W25-2 could not interact with AvrPik-C, -D, and -E alleles with Y2H assay, indicating Pik-W25-1 acts as an adaptor and Pik-W25-2 transduces the signal to trigger resistance. The Pik-W25 NIL exhibited enhanced field resistance to leaf and panicle blast without significant changes in morphology or development compared to the parent variety CO39, suggesting its potential for resistance breeding. These findings advance our knowledge of rice blast resistance mechanisms and offer valuable resources for effective and sustainable control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqiang Qi
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
- IRRI-JAAS Joint Laboratory, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, College, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Ming Xu
- High-throughput Genotyping Shared Laboratory, Seed Administration Department of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Du
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Junjie Yu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianqiao Song
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiayan Pan
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongsheng Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Huijuan Cao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Mina Yu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Guodong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- IRRI-JAAS Joint Laboratory, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
- Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, College, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
- IRRI-JAAS Joint Laboratory, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
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Shi X, Xie X, Guo Y, Zhang J, Gong Z, Zhang K, Mei J, Xia X, Xia H, Ning N, Xiao Y, Yang Q, Wang GL, Liu W. A fungal core effector exploits the OsPUX8B.2-OsCDC48-6 module to suppress plant immunity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2559. [PMID: 38519521 PMCID: PMC10959940 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46903-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteins containing a ubiquitin regulatory X (UBX) domain are cofactors of Cell Division Cycle 48 (CDC48) and function in protein quality control. However, whether and how UBX-containing proteins participate in host-microbe interactions remain unclear. Here we show that MoNLE1, an effector from the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, is a core virulence factor that suppresses rice immunity by specifically interfering with OsPUX8B.2. The UBX domain of OsPUX8B.2 is required for its binding to OsATG8 and OsCDC48-6 and controls its 26 S proteasome-dependent stability. OsPUX8B.2 and OsCDC48-6 positively regulate plant immunity against blast fungus, while the high-temperature tolerance heat-shock protein OsBHT, a putative cytoplasmic substrate of OsPUX8B.2-OsCDC48-6, negatively regulates defense against blast infection. MoNLE1 promotes the nuclear migration and degradation of OsPUX8B.2 and disturbs its association with OsBHT. Given the high conservation of MoNLE1 among fungal isolates, plants with broad and durable blast resistance might be generated by engineering intracellular proteins resistant to MoNLE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetao Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies (Hainan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuanwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ziwen Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies (Hainan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jie Mei
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies (Hainan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xinyao Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Haoxue Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Na Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yutao Xiao
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies (Hainan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Wende Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Ding Y, Zhang F, Sun F, Liu J, Zhu Z, He X, Bai G, Ni Z, Sun Q, Su Z. Loss of OsHRC function confers blast resistance without yield penalty in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023. [PMID: 37102736 PMCID: PMC10363764 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Ding
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fuping Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangyao Sun
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jilu Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi He
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guihua Bai
- US Department of Agriculture, Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qixin Sun
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenqi Su
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Yan X, Tang B, Ryder LS, MacLean D, Were VM, Eseola AB, Cruz-Mireles N, Ma W, Foster AJ, Osés-Ruiz M, Talbot NJ. The transcriptional landscape of plant infection by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae reveals distinct families of temporally co-regulated and structurally conserved effectors. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:1360-1385. [PMID: 36808541 PMCID: PMC10118281 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae causes a devastating disease that threatens global rice (Oryza sativa) production. Despite intense study, the biology of plant tissue invasion during blast disease remains poorly understood. Here we report a high-resolution transcriptional profiling study of the entire plant-associated development of the blast fungus. Our analysis revealed major temporal changes in fungal gene expression during plant infection. Pathogen gene expression could be classified into 10 modules of temporally co-expressed genes, providing evidence for the induction of pronounced shifts in primary and secondary metabolism, cell signaling, and transcriptional regulation. A set of 863 genes encoding secreted proteins are differentially expressed at specific stages of infection, and 546 genes named MEP (Magnaportheeffector protein) genes were predicted to encode effectors. Computational prediction of structurally related MEPs, including the MAX effector family, revealed their temporal co-regulation in the same co-expression modules. We characterized 32 MEP genes and demonstrate that Mep effectors are predominantly targeted to the cytoplasm of rice cells via the biotrophic interfacial complex and use a common unconventional secretory pathway. Taken together, our study reveals major changes in gene expression associated with blast disease and identifies a diverse repertoire of effectors critical for successful infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yan
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Bozeng Tang
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Lauren S Ryder
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Dan MacLean
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Vincent M Were
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Alice Bisola Eseola
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Neftaly Cruz-Mireles
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Weibin Ma
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Andrew J Foster
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
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6
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Wang K, Li S, Chen L, Tian H, Chen C, Fu Y, Du H, Hu Z, Li R, Du Y, Li J, Zhao Q, Du C. E3 ubiquitin ligase OsPIE3 destabilises the B-lectin receptor-like kinase PID2 to control blast disease resistance in rice. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:1826-1842. [PMID: 36440499 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that PID2, which encodes a B-lectin receptor-like kinase, is a key gene in the resistance of rice to Magnaporthe oryzae strain ZB15. However, the PID2-mediated downstream signalling events remain largely unknown. The U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase OsPIE3 (PID2-interacting E3) was isolated and confirmed to play key roles in PID2-mediated rice blast resistance. Yeast two-hybrid analysis showed that the armadillo repeat region of OsPIE3 is required for its interaction with PID2. Further investigation demonstrated that OsPIE3 can modify the subcellular localisation of PID2, thus promoting its nuclear recruitment from the plasma membrane for protein degradation in the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Site-directed mutagenesis of a conserved cysteine site (C230S) within the U-box domain of OsPIE3 reduces PID2 translocation and ubiquitination. Genetic analysis suggested that OsPIE3 loss-of-function mutants exhibited enhanced resistance to M. oryzae isolate ZB15, whereas mutants with overexpressed OsPIE3 exhibited reduced resistance. Furthermore, the OsPIE3/PID2-double mutant displayed a similar blast phenotype to that of the PID2 single mutant, suggesting that OsPIE3 is a negative regulator and functions along with PID2 in blast disease resistance. Our findings confirm that the E3 ubiquitin ligase OsPIE3 is necessary for PID2-mediated rice blast disease resistance regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Henan Rice Biology, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shen Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Henan Rice Biology, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Longxin Chen
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, 450044, China
| | - Haoran Tian
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Henan Rice Biology, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Henan Rice Biology, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yihan Fu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Henan Rice Biology, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Haitao Du
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Henan Rice Biology, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Henan Rice Biology, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Runting Li
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, 450044, China
| | - Yanxiu Du
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Henan Rice Biology, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Junzhou Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Henan Rice Biology, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Quanzhi Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Henan Rice Biology, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Rice Industrial Technology Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Changqing Du
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Henan Rice Biology, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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B J, Hosahatti R, Koti PS, Devappa VH, Ngangkham U, Devanna P, Yadav MK, Mishra KK, Aditya JP, Boraiah PK, Gaber A, Hossain A. Phenotypic and Genotypic screening of fifty-two rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes for desirable cultivars against blast disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280762. [PMID: 36897889 PMCID: PMC10004593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnaporthe oryzae, the rice blast fungus, is one of the most dangerous rice pathogens, causing considerable crop losses around the world. In order to explore the rice blast-resistant sources, initially performed a large-scale screening of 277 rice accessions. In parallel with field evaluations, fifty-two rice accessions were genotyped for 25 major blast resistance genes utilizing functional/gene-based markers based on their reactivity against rice blast disease. According to the phenotypic examination, 29 (58%) and 22 (42%) entries were found to be highly resistant, 18 (36%) and 29 (57%) showed moderate resistance, and 05 (6%) and 01 (1%), respectively, were highly susceptible to leaf and neck blast. The genetic frequency of 25 major blast resistance genes ranged from 32 to 60%, with two genotypes having a maximum of 16 R-genes each. The 52 rice accessions were divided into two groups based on cluster and population structure analysis. The highly resistant and moderately resistant accessions are divided into different groups using the principal coordinate analysis. According to the analysis of molecular variance, the maximum diversity was found within the population, while the minimum diversity was found between the populations. Two markers (RM5647 and K39512), which correspond to the blast-resistant genes Pi36 and Pik, respectively, showed a significant association to the neck blast disease, whereas three markers (Pi2-i, Pita3, and k2167), which correspond to the blast-resistant genes Pi2, Pita/Pita2, and Pikm, respectively, showed a significant association to the leaf blast disease. The associated R-genes might be utilized in rice breeding programmes through marker-assisted breeding, and the identified resistant rice accessions could be used as prospective donors for the production of new resistant varieties in India and around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeevan B
- ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Prasanna S Koti
- The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Jarakabande Kaval, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Umakanta Ngangkham
- ICAR- Research Complex for North- Eastern Hill Region, Manipur centre, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Pramesh Devanna
- Rice Pathology Laboratory, AICRIP, Gangavathi, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Yadav
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Station, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Krishna Kant Mishra
- ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jay Prakash Aditya
- ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Palanna Kaki Boraiah
- Project Coordinating Unit, ICAR-AICRP on Small Millets, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ahmed Gaber
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akbar Hossain
- Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
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Ou JH, Kuo CH, Wu YF, Lin GC, Lee MH, Chen RK, Chou HP, Wu HY, Chu SC, Lai QJ, Tsai YC, Lin CC, Kuo CC, Liao CT, Chen YN, Chu YW, Chen CY. Application-oriented deep learning model for early warning of rice blast in Taiwan. ECOL INFORM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2022.101950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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9
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Sahu PK, Sao R, Choudhary DK, Thada A, Kumar V, Mondal S, Das BK, Jankuloski L, Sharma D. Advancement in the Breeding, Biotechnological and Genomic Tools towards Development of Durable Genetic Resistance against the Rice Blast Disease. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11182386. [PMID: 36145787 PMCID: PMC9504543 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Rice production needs to be sustained in the coming decades, as the changeable climatic conditions are becoming more conducive to disease outbreaks. The majority of rice diseases cause enormous economic damage and yield instability. Among them, rice blast caused by Magnaportheoryzae is a serious fungal disease and is considered one of the major threats to world rice production. This pathogen can infect the above-ground tissues of rice plants at any growth stage and causes complete crop failure under favorable conditions. Therefore, management of blast disease is essentially required to sustain global food production. When looking at the drawback of chemical management strategy, the development of durable, resistant varieties is one of the most sustainable, economic, and environment-friendly approaches to counter the outbreaks of rice blasts. Interestingly, several blast-resistant rice cultivars have been developed with the help of breeding and biotechnological methods. In addition, 146 R genes have been identified, and 37 among them have been molecularly characterized to date. Further, more than 500 loci have been identified for blast resistance which enhances the resources for developing blast resistance through marker-assisted selection (MAS), marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB), and genome editing tools. Apart from these, a better understanding of rice blast pathogens, the infection process of the pathogen, and the genetics of the immune response of the host plant are very important for the effective management of the blast disease. Further, high throughput phenotyping and disease screening protocols have played significant roles in easy comprehension of the mechanism of disease spread. The present review critically emphasizes the pathogenesis, pathogenomics, screening techniques, traditional and molecular breeding approaches, and transgenic and genome editing tools to develop a broad spectrum and durable resistance against blast disease in rice. The updated and comprehensive information presented in this review would be definitely helpful for the researchers, breeders, and students in the planning and execution of a resistance breeding program in rice against this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmeshwar K. Sahu
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Richa Sao
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
| | | | - Antra Thada
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Baronda, Raipur 493225, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Suvendu Mondal
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bikram K. Das
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ljupcho Jankuloski
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre, International Atomic Energy Agency, 1400 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (L.J.); (D.S.); Tel.: +91-7000591137 (D.S.)
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
- Correspondence: (L.J.); (D.S.); Tel.: +91-7000591137 (D.S.)
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10
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Wang M, Dean RA. Host induced gene silencing of Magnaporthe oryzae by targeting pathogenicity and development genes to control rice blast disease. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:959641. [PMID: 36035704 PMCID: PMC9403838 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.959641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast disease caused by the hemi-biotrophic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is the most destructive disease of rice world-wide. Traditional disease resistance strategies for the control of rice blast disease have not proved durable. HIGS (host induced gene silencing) is being developed as an alternative strategy. Six genes (CRZ1, PMC1, MAGB, LHS1, CYP51A, CYP51B) that play important roles in pathogenicity and development of M. oryzae were chosen for HIGS. HIGS vectors were transformed into rice calli through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and T0, T1 and T2 generations of transgenic rice plants were generated. Except for PMC1 and LHS1, HIGS transgenic rice plants challenged with M. oryzae showed significantly reduced disease compared with non-silenced control plants. Following infection with M. oryzae of HIGS transgenic plants, expression levels of target genes were reduced as demonstrated by Quantitative RT-PCR. In addition, treating M. oryzae with small RNA derived from the target genes inhibited fungal growth. These findings suggest RNA silencing signals can be transferred from host to an invasive fungus and that HIGS has potential to generate resistant rice against M. oryzae.
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He Z, Xin Y, Wang C, Yang H, Xu Z, Cheng J, Li Z, Ye C, Yin H, Xie Z, Jiang N, Huang J, Xiao J, Tian B, Liang Y, Zhao K, Peng J. Genomics-Assisted Improvement of Super High-Yield Hybrid Rice Variety "Super 1000" for Resistance to Bacterial Blight and Blast Diseases. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:881244. [PMID: 35668808 PMCID: PMC9164160 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.881244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The two-line rice hybrid "Super 1000" (GX24S × R900) represents a major landmark achievement of breeding for super-hybrid rice in China. However, both male parent R900 and hybrid "Super 1000" have an obvious defect of high susceptibility to rice bacterial blight (BB) and blast. Thus, improving disease resistance and maintaining the original high-yield capacity are essential for the sustainable application of "Super 1000." In this study, the application of closely linked single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for foreground selection of dominant resistance gene loci together with genome-wide SNP markers for the background selection rapidly improved the disease resistance of R900 without disturbing its high-yield capacity. A series of improved R900 lines (iR900, in BC2Fn and BC3Fn generations) were developed to stack resistance genes (Xa23+Pi9, Xa23+Pi1+Pi2/9) by marker-assisted backcrossing and field selection for phenotypes, and further crossed with the female line GX24S to obtain improved hybrid variety Super 1000 (iS1000). The genetic backgrounds of iS1000 and "Super 1000" were profiled by using a 56 K SNP-Chip, and results showed that they shared 98.76% of similarity. Meanwhile, evaluation of the field disease resistance showed that the iR900 lines and iS1000 hybrids possess significantly enhanced resistance to both BB and rice blast. Resistance spectrum assays revealed that the iR900 lines and their derived hybrids exhibited high-level resistance to 28 Xoo strains tested, and enhanced resistance to leaf blast at the seedling stage when infected with 38 Magnaporthe oryzae isolates. Between 2019 and 2020, the multi-location field trials across the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were launched and showed that the iS1000 slightly out-yielded than the original variety. In a large-scale demonstration site (6.73 ha, Yunnan, China), the iS1000 achieved 17.06 t/hm2 of yield in 2019. Moreover, the high similarity was observed in main agronomic traits and grain quality when comparing the improved lines/hybrids to original ones (iR900 vs. R900, iS1000 vs. S1000). This work presented a typical genomics-assisted breeding strategy and practice, which involves in directional introgression and rapid stack of multiple disease resistance genes, endowing the super-high-yield hybrid rice variety with holistic disease resistance but without yield penalty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhou He
- Huazhi Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Yeyun Xin
- China National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Center, Changsha, China
| | - Chunlian Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Hanshu Yang
- China National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Center, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Huazhi Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | | | - Zhouwei Li
- Huazhi Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | | | - Hexing Yin
- Huazhi Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Zhenyu Xie
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Southern Rice Innovation and Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Disease and Pest Resistant Rice Breeding, Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Company Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Jing Huang
- China National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Center, Changsha, China
| | | | | | - Yan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaijun Zhao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
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Yu Y, Ma L, Wang X, Zhao Z, Wang W, Fan Y, Liu K, Jiang T, Xiong Z, Song Q, Li C, Wang P, Ma W, Xu H, Wang X, Zhao Z, Wang J, Zhang H, Bao Y. Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies a Rice Panicle Blast Resistance Gene, Pb2, Encoding NLR Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105668. [PMID: 35628477 PMCID: PMC9145240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice blast is one of the main diseases in rice and can occur in different rice growth stages. Due to the complicated procedure of panicle blast identification and instability of panicle blast infection influenced by the environment, most cloned rice resistance genes are associated with leaf blast. In this study, a rice panicle blast resistance gene, Pb2, was identified by genome-wide association mapping based on the panicle blast resistance phenotypes of 230 Rice Diversity Panel 1 (RDP1) accessions with 700,000 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. A genome-wide association study identified 18 panicle blast resistance loci (PBRL) within two years, including 9 reported loci and 2 repeated loci (PBRL2 and PBRL13, PBRL10 and PBRL18). Among them, the repeated locus (PBRL10 and PBRL18) was located in chromosome 11. By haplotype and expression analysis, one of the Nucleotide-binding domain and Leucine-rich Repeat (NLR) Pb2 genes was highly conserved in multiple resistant rice cultivars, and its expression was significantly upregulated after rice blast infection. Pb2 encodes a typical NBS-LRR protein with NB-ARC domain and LRR domain. Compared with wild type plants, the transgenic rice of Pb2 showed enhanced resistance to panicle and leaf blast with reduced lesion number. Subcellular localization of Pb2 showed that it is located on plasma membrane, and GUS tissue-staining observation found that Pb2 is highly expressed in grains, leaf tips and stem nodes. The Pb2 transgenic plants showed no difference in agronomic traits with wild type plants. It indicated that Pb2 could be useful for breeding of rice blast resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Lu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xinying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Zhi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yunxin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Kunquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Tingting Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Ziwei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Qisheng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Changqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Panting Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Wenjing Ma
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Huanan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xinyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Zijing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jianfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yongmei Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Crop Seed Industry, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (L.M.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (W.W.); (Y.F.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (Z.X.); (Q.S.); (C.L.); (H.X.); (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (J.W.); (H.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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Jia Y, Jia MH, Yan Z. Mapping Blast Resistance Genes in Rice Varieties 'Minghui 63' and 'M-202'. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:1175-1182. [PMID: 34739330 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-21-2095-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (syn. Magnaporthe grisea) is one of the most lethal diseases for sustainable rice production worldwide. Blast resistance mediated by major resistance genes is often broken down after a short period of deployment, while minor blast resistance genes, each providing a small effect on disease reactions, are more durable. In the present study, we first evaluated disease reactions of two rice breeding parents 'Minghui 63' and 'M-202' with 11 blast races, IA45, IB1, IB45, IB49, IB54, IC1, IC17, ID1, IE1, IG1, and IH1, commonly present in the United States, under greenhouse conditions using a category disease rating resembling infection types under field conditions. 'Minghui 63' exhibited differential resistance responses in comparison with those of 'M-202' to the tested blast races. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of 275 lines from a cross between 'Minghui 63' and 'M-202' was also evaluated with the above-mentioned blast races. The population was genotyped with 156 simple sequence repeat (SSR) and insertion and deletion (Indel) markers. A linkage map with a genetic distance of 1,022.84 cM was constructed using inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) software. A total of 10 resistance QTLs, eight from 'Minghui 63' and two from 'M-202', were identified. One major QTL, qBLAST2 on chromosome 2, was identified by seven races/isolates. The remaining nine minor resistance QTLs were mapped on chromosomes 1, 3, 6, 9, 10, 11, and 12. These findings provide useful genetic markers and resources to tag minor blast resistance genes for marker-assisted selection in rice breeding program and for further studies of underlying genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Jia
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, AR 72160
| | - Melissa H Jia
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, AR 72160
| | - Zhongbu Yan
- University of Arkansas Rice Research and Extension Center, Stuttgart, AR 72160
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, Beaumont, TX 77713
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Tao H, Shi X, He F, Wang D, Xiao N, Fang H, Wang R, Zhang F, Wang M, Li A, Liu X, Wang GL, Ning Y. Engineering broad-spectrum disease-resistant rice by editing multiple susceptibility genes. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:1639-1648. [PMID: 34170614 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast and bacterial blight are important diseases of rice (Oryza sativa) caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae and the bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), respectively. Breeding rice varieties for broad-spectrum resistance is considered the most effective and sustainable approach to controlling both diseases. Although dominant resistance genes have been extensively used in rice breeding and production, generating disease-resistant varieties by altering susceptibility (S) genes that facilitate pathogen compatibility remains unexplored. Here, using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we generated loss-of-function mutants of the S genes Pi21 and Bsr-d1 and showed that they had increased resistance to M. oryzae. We also generated a knockout mutant of the S gene Xa5 that showed increased resistance to Xoo. Remarkably, a triple mutant of all three S genes had significantly enhanced resistance to both M. oryzae and Xoo. Moreover, the triple mutant was comparable to the wild type in regard to key agronomic traits, including plant height, effective panicle number per plant, grain number per panicle, seed setting rate, and thousand-grain weight. These results demonstrate that the simultaneous editing of multiple S genes is a powerful strategy for generating new rice varieties with broad-spectrum resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tao
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuetao Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Feng He
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Ning Xiao
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Hong Fang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Aihong Li
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xionglun Liu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus,, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
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Valdivia-Granda WA. Known and Unknown Transboundary Infectious Diseases as Hybrid Threats. Front Public Health 2021; 9:668062. [PMID: 34336765 PMCID: PMC8316594 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.668062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenicity, transmissibility, environmental stability, and potential for genetic manipulation make microbes hybrid threats that could blur the distinction between peace and war. These agents can fall below the detection, attribution, and response capabilities of a nation and seriously affect their health, trade, and security. A framework that could enhance horizon scanning regarding the potential risk of microbes used as hybrid threats requires not only accurately discriminating known and unknown pathogens but building novel scenarios to deploy mitigation strategies. This demands the transition of analyst-based biosurveillance tracking a narrow set of pathogens toward an autonomous biosurveillance enterprise capable of processing vast data streams beyond human cognitive capabilities. Autonomous surveillance systems must gather, integrate, analyze, and visualize billions of data points from different and unrelated sources. Machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms can contextualize capability information for different stakeholders at different levels of resolution: strategic and tactical. This document provides a discussion of the use of microorganisms as hybrid threats and considerations to quantitatively estimate their risk to ensure societal awareness, preparedness, mitigation, and resilience.
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Frontini M, Boisnard A, Frouin J, Ouikene M, Morel JB, Ballini E. Genome-wide association of rice response to blast fungus identifies loci for robust resistance under high nitrogen. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:99. [PMID: 33602120 PMCID: PMC7893971 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02864-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrogen fertilization is known to increase disease susceptibility, a phenomenon called Nitrogen-Induced Susceptibility (NIS). In rice, this phenomenon has been observed in infections with the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. A previous classical genetic study revealed a locus (NIS1) that enhances susceptibility to rice blast under high nitrogen fertilization. In order to further address the underlying genetics of plasticity in susceptibility to rice blast after fertilization, we analyzed NIS under greenhouse-controlled conditions in a panel of 139 temperate japonica rice strains. A genome-wide association analysis was conducted to identify loci potentially involved in NIS by comparing susceptibility loci identified under high and low nitrogen conditions, an approach allowing for the identification of loci validated across different nitrogen environments. We also used a novel NIS Index to identify loci potentially contributing to plasticity in susceptibility under different nitrogen fertilization regimes. RESULTS A global NIS effect was observed in the population, with the density of lesions increasing by 8%, on average, under high nitrogen fertilization. Three new QTL, other than NIS1, were identified. A rare allele of the RRobN1 locus on chromosome 6 provides robust resistance in high and low nitrogen environments. A frequent allele of the NIS2 locus, on chromosome 5, exacerbates blast susceptibility under the high nitrogen condition. Finally, an allele of NIS3, on chromosome 10, buffers the increase of susceptibility arising from nitrogen fertilization but increases global levels of susceptibility. This allele is almost fixed in temperate japonicas, as a probable consequence of genetic hitchhiking with a locus involved in cold stress adaptation. CONCLUSIONS Our results extend to an entire rice subspecies the initial finding that nitrogen increases rice blast susceptibility. We demonstrate the usefulness of estimating plasticity for the identification of novel loci involved in the response of rice to the blast fungus under different nitrogen regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Frontini
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Julien Frouin
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Malika Ouikene
- Groupe de Valorisation des Produits Agricoles (GVAPRO), Alger, Algeria
| | - Jean Benoit Morel
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Elsa Ballini
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
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Zhou Y, Lei F, Wang Q, He W, Yuan B, Yuan W. Identification of Novel Alleles of the Rice Blast-Resistance Gene Pi9 through Sequence-Based Allele Mining. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:80. [PMID: 33284383 PMCID: PMC7721961 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00442-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As rice (Oryza sativa) is the staple food of more than half the world's population, rice production contributes greatly to global food security. Rice blast caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) is a devastating disease that affects rice yields and grain quality, resulting in substantial economic losses annually. Because the fungus evolves rapidly, the resistance conferred by most the single blast-resistance genes is broken after a few years of intensive agricultural use. Therefore, effective resistance breeding in rice requires continual enrichment of the reservoir of resistance genes, alleles, or QTLs. Seed banks represent a rich source of genetic diversity; however, they have not been extensively used to identify novel genes and alleles. RESULTS We carried out a large-scale screen for novel blast-resistance alleles in 1883 rice varieties from major rice-producing areas across China. Of these, 361 varieties showed at least moderate resistance to natural infection by rice blast at rice blast nurseries in Enshi and Yichang, Hubei Province. We used sequence-based allele mining to amplify and sequence the allelic variants of the major rice blast-resistance genes at the Pi2/Pi9 locus of chromosome 6 from the 361 blast-resistant varieties, and the full-length coding region of this gene could be amplified from 107 varieties. Thirteen novel Pi9 alleles (named Pi9-Type1 to Pi9-Type13) were identified in these 107 varieties based on comparison to the Pi9 referenced sequence. Based on the sequencing results, the Pi2/Pi9 locus of the 107 varieties was divided into 15 genotypes (including three different genotypes of Pi9-Type5). Fifteen varieties, each representing one genotype, were evaluated for resistance to 34 M. oryzae isolates. The alleles from seven varieties with the highest resistance and widest resistance spectra were selected for transformation into the susceptible variety J23B to construct near-isogenic lines (NILs). These NILs showed resistance in a field test in Enshi and Yichang, indicating that the seven novel rice blast-resistance tandem-repeat regions at the Pi2/Pi9 locus of chromosome 6 could potentially serve as a genetic resource for molecular breeding of resistance to rice blast. CONCLUSIONS The thirteen novel Pi9 alleles identified in this study expand the list of available of blast-resistance alleles. Seven tandem-repeat regions of the Pi2/Pi9 locus from different donors were characterized as broad-spectrum rice blast-resistance fragments; these donors enrich the genetic resources available for rice blast-resistance breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Lei
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiong Wang
- College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065 People’s Republic of China
| | - Weicong He
- College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crops of Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430064 People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease, Insect Pests and Weeds Control, Wuhan, 430064 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenya Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 People’s Republic of China
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18
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Zhang C, Fang H, Shi X, He F, Wang R, Fan J, Bai P, Wang J, Park C, Bellizzi M, Zhou X, Wang G, Ning Y. A fungal effector and a rice NLR protein have antagonistic effects on a Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:2354-2363. [PMID: 32415911 PMCID: PMC7589341 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitors (BBIs) play important roles in animal and plant immunity, but how these protease inhibitors are involved in the immune system remains unclear. Here, we show that the rice (Oryza sativa) BBI protein APIP4 is a common target of a fungal effector and an NLR receptor for innate immunity. APIP4 exhibited trypsin inhibitor activity in vitro and in vivo. Knockout of APIP4 in rice enhanced susceptibility, and overexpression of APIP4 increased resistance to the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. The M. oryzae effector AvrPiz-t interacted with APIP4 and suppressed APIP4 trypsin inhibitor activity. By contrast, the rice NLR protein Piz-t interacted with APIP4, enhancing APIP4 transcript and protein levels, and protease inhibitor activity. Our findings reveal a novel host defence mechanism in which a host protease inhibitor targeted by a fungal pathogen is protected by an NLR receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
- Department of Plant PathologyOhio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Hong Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
| | - Xuetao Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
| | - Feng He
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
| | - Jiangbo Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
- Department of Plant PathologyOhio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Pengfei Bai
- Department of Plant PathologyOhio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Jiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
| | - Chan‐Ho Park
- Department of Plant PathologyOhio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Maria Bellizzi
- Department of Plant PathologyOhio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Xueping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
| | - Guo‐Liang Wang
- Department of Plant PathologyOhio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
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19
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Liu M, Kang H, Xu Y, Peng Y, Wang D, Gao L, Wang X, Ning Y, Wu J, Liu W, Li C, Liu B, Wang G. Genome-wide association study identifies an NLR gene that confers partial resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:1376-1383. [PMID: 31742855 PMCID: PMC7206997 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Because of the frequent breakdown of major resistance (R) genes, identification of new partial R genes against rice blast disease is an important goal of rice breeding. In this study, we used a core collection of the Rice Diversity Panel II (C-RDP-II), which contains 584 rice accessions and are genotyped with 700 000 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The C-RDP-II accessions were inoculated with three blast strains collected from different rice-growing regions in China. Genome-wide association study identified 27 loci associated with rice blast resistance (LABRs). Among them, 22 LABRs were not associated with any known blast R genes or QTLs. Interestingly, a nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (NLR) gene cluster exists in the LABR12 region on chromosome 4. One of the NLR genes is highly conserved in multiple partially resistant rice cultivars, and its expression is significantly up-regulated at the early stages of rice blast infection. Knockout of this gene via CRISPR-Cas9 in transgenic plants partially reduced blast resistance to four blast strains. The identification of this new non-strain specific partial R gene, tentatively named rice blast Partial Resistance gene 1 (PiPR1), provides genetic material that will be useful for understanding the partial resistance mechanism and for breeding durably resistant cultivars against blast disease of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming‐Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Houxiang Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yucheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization and College of AgronomyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Ye Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Dan Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization and College of AgronomyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Lijun Gao
- Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology LaboratoryGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanningChina
| | - Xuli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid RiceHunan Hybrid Rice Research CentreChangshaHunanChina
| | - Wende Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chengyun Li
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Agricultural Biodiversity and Pest ManagementYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Bin Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingRice Research InstituteGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Guo‐Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- Department of Plant PathologyOhio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
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20
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Jiang H, Feng Y, Qiu L, Gao G, Zhang Q, He Y. Identification of Blast Resistance QTLs Based on Two Advanced Backcross Populations in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:31. [PMID: 32488495 PMCID: PMC7266886 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00392-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice blast is an economically important and mutable disease of rice. Using host resistance gene to breed resistant varieties has been proven to be the most effective and economical method to control rice blast and new resistance genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are then needed. RESULTS In this study, we constructed two advanced backcross population to mapping blast resistance QTLs. CR071 and QingGuAi3 were as the donor parent to establish two BC3F1 and derived BC3F2 backcross population in the Jin23B background. By challenging the two populations with natural infection in 2011 and 2012, 16 and 13 blast resistance QTLs were identified in Jin23B/CR071 and Jin23B/QingGuAi3 population, respectively. Among Jin23B/CR071 population, 3 major and 13 minor QTLs have explained the phenotypic variation from 3.50% to 34.08% in 2 years. And, among Jin23B/QingGuAi3 population, 2 major and 11 minor QTLs have explained the phenotypic variation from 2.42% to 28.95% in 2 years. CONCLUSIONS Sixteen and thirteen blast resistance QTLs were identified in Jin23B/CR071 and Jin23B/QingGuAi3 population, respectively. QTL effect analyses suggested that major and minor QTLs interaction is the genetic basis for durable blast resistance in rice variety CR071 and QingGuAi3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yutao Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lei Qiu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guanjun Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qinglu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuqing He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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21
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Meng X, Xiao G, Telebanco-Yanoria MJ, Siazon PM, Padilla J, Opulencia R, Bigirimana J, Habarugira G, Wu J, Li M, Wang B, Lu GD, Zhou B. The broad-spectrum rice blast resistance (R) gene Pita2 encodes a novel R protein unique from Pita. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:19. [PMID: 32170462 PMCID: PMC7070119 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00377-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice blast is generally considered the most devastating rice disease worldwide. The development of resistant varieties has been proven to be the most economical strategy to control the disease. A cluster of resistant (R) genes on rice chromosome 12 including Pita, Pita2 and Ptr has been studies for decades. However, the relationship between these R genes has not been well established. RESULTS In this study, we compared the resistance spectra controlled by Pita2 and Pita by testing their monogenic lines (MLs) in four hotspots found in the Philippines and Burundi from 2014 to 2018. The reaction patterns were distinct in two countries and that Pita2-mediated field resistance was relatively prevalent. Pathogenicity tests using 328 single-spore isolates in greenhouse further verified that IRBLta2-Re for Pita2 conferred a relatively broader spectrum resistance than those of Pita. Rough and fine mapping of Pita2 were conducted using F2 and F3 populations derived from IRBLta2-Re [CO] and CO 39 consisting of 4344 progeny to delimit Pita2 in a genomic interval flanked by two markers 12 g18530 and 12 g18920 proximal to the centromere of chromosome 12. Alignment of the markers to the genomic sequence of IR64, which harbors Pita2 verified by genetic analysis, approximately delimited the candidate gene(s) within 313-kb genomic fragment. The two Pita2 suppressive mutants that contain mutations within Pita2 were verified and identified. Comparative sequence analysis in these two mutants further identified that each individual allele contains a single nucleotide substitution at a different position resulting in nonsense and missense mutations in the protein product of LOC_Os12g18729. On the contrary, no sequence mutation was detected in other candidate genes, indicating that mutations in LOC_Os12g18729 were responsible for the loss of function of Pita2. Pita2 encodes a novel R protein unique from Pita, which is exactly identical to the previously cloned Ptr. Moreover, based on the resistance gene analysis of rice varieties and mutants containing Pita, it was found that Pita2 rather than Pita was responsible for the specificity to some differential isolates with AvrPita. The diagnosis and survey of Pita2 in IRRI released varieties showed relatively low frequency, implying a high value of its application for breeding resistant varieties against rice blast via marker assisted selection. CONCLUSION Our study clarified the relationship between Pita, Pita2 and Ptr. Pita2 is identical to Ptr and distinct from Pita in both sequence and chromosomal location although Pita2 and Pita are genetically linked to each other. The loss of function of Pita2 but not Pita eliminate the specificity to some AvrPita containing isolates, however, the mechanism underlying the recognition between Pita2/Pita and AvrPita remains elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, 350002, China
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, 1301, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Gui Xiao
- China National Hybrid Rice R&D Center/ Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | | | - Paolo Miguel Siazon
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, 1301, Metro Manila, Philippines
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Jonas Padilla
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, 1301, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Rina Opulencia
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Joseph Bigirimana
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, 1301, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Georges Habarugira
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, 1301, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Jun Wu
- China National Hybrid Rice R&D Center/ Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Baohua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Guo-Dong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Bo Zhou
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777, 1301, Metro Manila, Philippines.
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22
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Xin W, Mao Y, Lu F, Li T, Wang J, Duan Y, Zhou M. In vitro fungicidal activity and in planta control efficacy of coumoxystrobin against Magnaporthe oryzae. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 162:78-85. [PMID: 31836058 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is a destructive fungal disease in rice, causing serious losses in yield and quality. Coumoxystrobin is a novel methoxyacrylate strobilurin fungicide. In the current study, we determined the sensitivity of 100 M. oryzae strains to coumoxystrobin based on the mycelial growth inhibition method. The EC50 values ranged from 0.0089 to 0.0290 μg mL-1, with a mean EC50 value of 0.0163 ± 0.0036 μg mL-1, indicating that coumoxystrobin exhibits an excellent inhibitory activity in the mycelial growth of M. oryzae. In addition, the EC50 values had no significant difference among four populations from the different geographical regions. After treating with coumoxystrobin, cell membrane permeability increased, respiration decreased, and the hyphal tips were contorted, with offshoot of top increasing. Protective and curative activity tests showed that coumoxystrobin exhibited better protective and curative activities against M. oryzae in detached barley leaves in comparison to the currently used fungicides tricyclazole and azoxystrobin. Also, it was found that the protective activity was better than its curative activity. Furthermore, compared with the currently used fungicides, coumoxystrobin not only exhibited excellent control efficacy on rice blast, but also markedly reduced the dosages of chemical fungicides in the field trials. Overall, these findings provide important references for revealing the pharmacological effect of coumoxystrobin against M. oryzae and managing rice blast caused by M. oryzae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xin
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yushuai Mao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fei Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China.
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23
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Gómez Luciano LB, Tsai IJ, Chuma I, Tosa Y, Chen YH, Li JY, Li MY, Lu MYJ, Nakayashiki H, Li WH. Blast Fungal Genomes Show Frequent Chromosomal Changes, Gene Gains and Losses, and Effector Gene Turnover. Mol Biol Evol 2019; 36:1148-1161. [PMID: 30835262 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msz045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyricularia is a fungal genus comprising several pathogenic species causing the blast disease in monocots. Pyricularia oryzae, the best-known species, infects rice, wheat, finger millet, and other crops. As past comparative and population genomics studies mainly focused on isolates of P. oryzae, the genomes of the other Pyricularia species have not been well explored. In this study, we obtained a chromosomal-level genome assembly of the finger millet isolate P. oryzae MZ5-1-6 and also highly contiguous assemblies of Pyricularia sp. LS, P. grisea, and P. pennisetigena. The differences in the genomic content of repetitive DNA sequences could largely explain the variation in genome size among these new genomes. Moreover, we found extensive gene gains and losses and structural changes among Pyricularia genomes, including a large interchromosomal translocation. We searched for homologs of known blast effectors across fungal taxa and found that most avirulence effectors are specific to Pyricularia, whereas many other effectors share homologs with distant fungal taxa. In particular, we discovered a novel effector family with metalloprotease activity, distinct from the well-known AVR-Pita family. We predicted 751 gene families containing putative effectors in 7 Pyricularia genomes and found that 60 of them showed differential expression in the P. oryzae MZ5-1-6 transcriptomes obtained under experimental conditions mimicking the pathogen infection process. In summary, this study increased our understanding of the structural, functional, and evolutionary genomics of the blast pathogen and identified new potential effector genes, providing useful data for developing crops with durable resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis B Gómez Luciano
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Izumi Chuma
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yukio Tosa
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yi-Hua Chen
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Yi Li
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yun Li
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yeh Jade Lu
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Wen-Hsiung Li
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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24
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Fujino K, Hirayama Y, Obara M, Ikegaya T. Introgression of the chromosomal region with the Pi-cd locus from Oryza meridionalis into O. sativa L. during rice domestication. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:1981-1990. [PMID: 30911779 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03332-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The genotype of the Pi-cd locus found in blast-resistant rice variety Kitakurin, which is a cultivated rice from Japan belonging to Oryza sativa japonica, is identical to that of its wild relative O. meridionalis. Crop domestication from wild relatives to cultivated species has encompassed significant phenotypic changes. However, little is known about the genetic changes involved in domestication. Here, we surveyed the origin of the Pi-cd locus across Oryza species with AA genomes by comparison with the genome sequences of Hoshinoyume (HS), which does not carry the Pi-cd blast resistance gene, and Kitakurin (KK), which carries the Pi-cd blast resistance gene. We found that variety-specific transposons were enriched at the Pi-cd locus. The genotype of the Pi-cd locus characterized by transposons in HS and KK was specific to each Oryza species with the AA genome. The Kitaake (KT) genotype at the Pi-cd locus found in KK was identical only to that of O. meridionalis and distributed only in subgroups of japonica in the World Rice Collection and tropical japonica in the Japanese Rice Collection, whereas it was not present in O. rufipogon accessions. The distinct distributions of genotypes of the Pi-cd locus clearly demonstrated that the Pi-cd locus was introgressed from O. meridionalis into O. sativa, specific to tropical japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Fujino
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agricultural Research Organization, Sapporo, 062-8555, Japan.
| | - Yuji Hirayama
- Rice Breeding Group, Kamikawa Agricultural Experiment Station, Local Independent Administrative Agency Hokkaido Research Organization, Pippu, 078-0397, Japan
| | - Mari Obara
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agricultural Research Organization, Sapporo, 062-8555, Japan
| | - Tomohito Ikegaya
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agricultural Research Organization, Sapporo, 062-8555, Japan
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25
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Zhai K, Deng Y, Liang D, Tang J, Liu J, Yan B, Yin X, Lin H, Chen F, Yang D, Xie Z, Liu JY, Li Q, Zhang L, He Z. RRM Transcription Factors Interact with NLRs and Regulate Broad-Spectrum Blast Resistance in Rice. Mol Cell 2019; 74:996-1009.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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26
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Portable Rice Disease Spores Capture and Detection Method Using Diffraction Fingerprints on Microfluidic Chip. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10050289. [PMID: 31035416 PMCID: PMC6562855 DOI: 10.3390/mi10050289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Crop diseases cause great harm to food security, 90% of these are caused by fungal spores. This paper proposes a crop diseases spore detection method, based on the lensfree diffraction fingerprint and microfluidic chip. The spore diffraction images are obtained by a designed large field of view lensless diffraction detection platform which contains the spore enrichment microfluidic chip and lensless imaging module. By using the microfluidic chip to enrich and isolate spores in advance, the required particles can be captured in the chip enrichment area, and other impurities can be filtered to reduce the interference of impurities on spore detection. The light source emits partially coherent light and irradiates the target to generate diffraction fingerprints, which can be used to distinguish spores and impurities. According to the theoretical analysis, two parameters, Peak to Center ratio (PCR) and Peak to Valley ratio (PVR), are found to quantify these spores. The correlation coefficient between the detection results of rice blast spores by the constructed device and the results of microscopic artificial identification was up to 0.99, and the average error rate of the proposed device was only 5.91%. The size of the device is only 4 cm × 4 cm × 5 cm, and the cost is less than $150, which is one thousandth of the existing equipment. Therefore, it may be widely used as an early detection method for crop disease caused by spores.
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Kulkarni M, Stolp ZD, Hardwick JM. Targeting intrinsic cell death pathways to control fungal pathogens. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 162:71-78. [PMID: 30660496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fungal pathogens pose an increasing threat to public health. Limited clinical drug regimens and emerging drug-resistant isolates challenge infection control. The global burden of human fungal pathogens is estimated at 1 billion infections and 1.5 million deaths annually. In addition, plant fungal pathogens increasingly threaten global food resources. Novel strategies are needed to combat emerging fungal diseases and pan-resistant fungi. An untapped mechanistically novel approach is to pharmacologically activate the intrinsic cell death pathways encoded by pathogenic fungi. This strategy is analogous to new anti-cancer therapeutics now entering the clinic. Here we summarize the best understood examples of cell death mechanisms encoded by pathogenic fungi, contrast these to mammalian cell death pathways, and highlight the gaps in knowledge towards identifying potential death effectors as druggable targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura Kulkarni
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA
| | - Zachary D Stolp
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA
| | - J Marie Hardwick
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA.
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Chithrameenal K, Alagarasan G, Raveendran M, Robin S, Meena S, Ramanathan A, Ramalingam J. Genetic enhancement of phosphorus starvation tolerance through marker assisted introgression of OsPSTOL1 gene in rice genotypes harbouring bacterial blight and blast resistance. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204144. [PMID: 30260973 PMCID: PMC6159862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P), an essential macronutrient, is a prerequisite for various plant-growth mechanisms including root establishment/development, early/late vegetative stage development and reproductive stage development. Rice (Oryza sativa) is very sensitive to P starvation. Most cultivated genotypes have poor tolerance levels to P deficiency and consequently the grain yield is severely affected by P starvation. Since P deficiency of soils is a major concern of rice production areas, it is necessary to develop new cultivars with enhanced P tolerance. This is also an expectation of farmers and the Agriculture ministry of southern states of India where rice cultivation is intensive. Our objective was to introgress the phosphorus starvation tolerance (OsPSTOL1) gene through marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) in to two intermediate genetic stocks of popular local-varieties namely, ASD 16 and ADT 43 which harbour bacterial blight and blast resistance (R) genes. To delve into the P starvation phenotypic effect, we have generated a set of four backcross inbred lines (BILs) with enhanced P starvation tolerance. The developed BILs showed altered root architecture pattern and greater root surface area with increased P uptake, confirming their adaptability to P deficient soil conditions. Further, a correlation between root traits and low/high P conditions indicates the function of introgressed OsPSTOL1 in BILs. The enhanced root characteristics, therefore, enabled the plants to access and effectively absorb available nutrients from soil. In summary, the unique features of the OsPSTOL1 BILs with bacterial blight and blast resistance can aid varietal development suitable for cultivation in P deficient soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Chithrameenal
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Ganesh Alagarasan
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Muthurajan Raveendran
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Sabariappan Robin
- Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Suresh Meena
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Ayyasamy Ramanathan
- Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Jegadeesan Ramalingam
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
- * E-mail:
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Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Provides Insights into Rice Defense Mechanisms against Magnaporthe oryzae. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071950. [PMID: 29970857 PMCID: PMC6073306 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Blast disease is one of the major rice diseases, and causes nearly 30% annual yield loss worldwide. Resistance genes that have been cloned, however, are effective only against specific strains. In cultivation practice, broad-spectrum resistance to various strains is highly valuable, and requires researchers to investigate the basal defense responses that are effective for diverse types of pathogens. In this study, we took a quantitative proteomic approach and identified 634 rice proteins responsive to infections by both Magnaporthe oryzae strains Guy11 and JS153. These two strains have distinct pathogenesis mechanisms. Therefore, the common responding proteins represent conserved basal defense to a broad spectrum of blast pathogens. Gene ontology analysis indicates that the “responding to stimulus” biological process is explicitly enriched, among which the proteins responding to oxidative stress and biotic stress are the most prominent. These analyses led to the discoveries of OsPRX59 and OsPRX62 that are robust callose inducers, and OsHSP81 that is capable of inducing both ROS production and callose deposition. The identified rice proteins and biological processes may represent a conserved rice innate immune machinery that is of great value for breeding broad-spectrum resistant rice in the future.
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Shi X, Long Y, He F, Zhang C, Wang R, Zhang T, Wu W, Hao Z, Wang Y, Wang GL, Ning Y. The fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae suppresses innate immunity by modulating a host potassium channel. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1006878. [PMID: 29385213 PMCID: PMC5809103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium (K+) is required by plants for growth and development, and also contributes to immunity against pathogens. However, it has not been established whether pathogens modulate host K+ signaling pathways to enhance virulence and subvert host immunity. Here, we show that the effector protein AvrPiz-t from the rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae targets a K+ channel to subvert plant immunity. AvrPiz-t interacts with the rice plasma-membrane-localized K+ channel protein OsAKT1 and specifically suppresses the OsAKT1-mediated K+ currents. Genetic and phenotypic analyses show that loss of OsAKT1 leads to decreased K+ content and reduced resistance against M. oryzae. Strikingly, AvrPiz-t interferes with the association of OsAKT1 with its upstream regulator, the cytoplasmic kinase OsCIPK23, which also plays a positive role in K+ absorption and resistance to M. oryzae. Furthermore, we show a direct correlation between blast disease resistance and external K+ status in rice plants. Together, our data present a novel mechanism by which a pathogen suppresses plant host immunity by modulating a host K+ channel. Plant nutritional status can greatly influence plant immunity in response to pathogen invasion. Rice blast, a devastating rice disease caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, causes a significant reduction in yield and affects food security. In this study, we demonstrate that the M. oryzae secreted protein AvrPiz-t interacts with rice OsAKT1, a potassium (K+) channel protein, and suppresses OsAKT1-mediated inward K+ currents, possibly by competing with the OsAKT1 upstream regulator, OsCIPK23. We also show that both OsAKT1 and OsCIPK23 are required for K+ uptake and resistance against M. oryzae infection in rice. This study provides new insights into the molecular basis of pathogen-mediated perturbation of a plant nutrition pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetao Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng He
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chongyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeyun Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (YW); (GLW); (YN)
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YW); (GLW); (YN)
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (YW); (GLW); (YN)
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Early Forecasting of Rice Blast Disease Using Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Networks. SUSTAINABILITY 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/su10010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Current understanding of pattern-triggered immunity and hormone-mediated defense in rice (Oryza sativa) in response to Magnaporthe oryzae infection. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 83:95-105. [PMID: 29061483 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Plant pathogens represent a huge threat to world food security, affecting both crop production and quality. Although significant progress has been made in improving plant immunity by expressing key, defense-related genes and proteins from different species in transgenic crops, a challenge remains for molecular breeders and biotechnologists to successfully engineer elite, transgenic crop varieties with improved resistance against critical plant pathogens. Upon pathogen attack, including infection of rice (Oryza sativa) by Magnaporthe oryzae, host plants initiate a complex defense response at molecular, biochemical and physiological levels. Plants perceive the presence of pathogens by detecting microbe-associated molecular patterns via pattern recognition receptors, and initiate a first line of innate immunity, the so-called pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). This results in a series of downstream defense responses, including the production of hormones, which collectively function to fend off pathogen attacks. A variety of studies have demonstrated that many genes are involved in the defense response of rice to M. oryzae. In this review, the current understanding of mechanisms that improve rice defense response to M. oryzae will be discussed, with special focus on PTI and the phytohormones ethylene, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and abscisic acid; as well as on the mediation of defense signaling mechanisms by PTI and these hormones. Potential target genes that may serve as promising candidates for improving rice immunity against M. oryzae will also be discussed.
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