1
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Watanabe H, Yanase Y. Magnetic parity violation and parity-time-reversal-symmetric magnets. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:373001. [PMID: 38899401 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad52dd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Parity-time-reversal symmetry (PTsymmetry), a symmetry for the combined operations of space inversion (P) and time reversal (T), is a fundamental concept of physics and characterizes the functionality of materials as well asPandTsymmetries. In particular, thePT-symmetric systems can be found in the centrosymmetric crystals undergoing the parity-violating magnetic order which we call the odd-parity magnetic multipole order. While this spontaneous order leavesPTsymmetry intact, the simultaneous violation ofPandTsymmetries gives rise to various emergent responses that are qualitatively different from those allowed by the nonmagneticP-symmetry breaking or by the ferromagnetic order. In this review, we introduce candidates hosting the intriguing spontaneous order and overview the characteristic physical responses. Various off-diagonal and/or nonreciprocal responses are identified, which are closely related to the unusual electronic structures such as hidden spin-momentum locking and asymmetric band dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Watanabe
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Youichi Yanase
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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2
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Arnoldi B, Zachritz SL, Hedwig S, Aeschlimann M, Monti OLA, Stadtmüller B. Revealing hidden spin polarization in centrosymmetric van der Waals materials on ultrafast timescales. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3573. [PMID: 38678075 PMCID: PMC11055871 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47821-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the key challenges for spintronic and quantum technologies is to achieve active control of the spin angular momentum of electrons in nanoscale materials on ultrafast, femtosecond timescales. While conventional ferromagnetic materials and materials supporting spin texture suffer both from conceptional limitations in miniaturization and inefficiency of optical and electronic manipulation, non-magnetic centrosymmetric layered materials with hidden spin polarization may offer an alternative pathway to manipulate the spin degree of freedom by external stimuli. Here we demonstrate an approach for generating transient spin polarization on a femtosecond timescale in the otherwise spin-unpolarized band structure of the centrosymmetric 2H-stacked group VI transition metal dichalcogenide WSe2. Using ultrafast optical excitation of a fullerene layer grown on top of WSe2, we trigger an ultrafast interlayer electron transfer from the fullerene layer into the WSe2 crystal. The resulting transient charging of the C60/WSe2 interface leads to a substantial interfacial electric field that by means of spin-layer-valley locking ultimately creates ultrafast spin polarization without the need of an external magnetic field. Our findings open a novel pathway for true optical engineering of spin functionalities such as the sub-picosecond generation and manipulation of ultrafast spin currents in 2D heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Arnoldi
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 46, Kaiserslautern, 67663, Germany
| | - S L Zachritz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - S Hedwig
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 46, Kaiserslautern, 67663, Germany
| | - M Aeschlimann
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 46, Kaiserslautern, 67663, Germany
| | - O L A Monti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
| | - B Stadtmüller
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 46, Kaiserslautern, 67663, Germany.
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
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3
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Iwasawa H, Sumida K, Ishida S, Le Fèvre P, Bertran F, Yoshida Y, Eisaki H, Santander-Syro AF, Okuda T. Exploring spin-polarization in Bi-based high-T c cuprates. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13451. [PMID: 37596292 PMCID: PMC10439128 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40145-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of spin-orbit interaction has been recently reconsidered in high-[Formula: see text] cuprates, stimulated by the recent experimental observations of spin-polarized electronic states. However, due to the complexity of the spin texture reported, the origin of the spin polarization in high-[Formula: see text] cuprates remains unclear. Here, we present the spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) data on the facing momentum points that are symmetric with respect to the [Formula: see text] point, to ensure the intrinsic spin nature related to the initial state. We consistently found the very weak spin polarization only along the nodal direction, with no indication of spin-splitting of the band. Our findings thus call for a revision of the simple application of the spin-orbit interaction, which has been treated within the standard framework of the Rashba interaction in high-[Formula: see text] cuprates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Iwasawa
- Institute for Advanced Synchrotron Light Source, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan.
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan.
- QST Advanced Study Laboratory, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Sumida
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Ishida
- Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Patrick Le Fèvre
- SOLEIL Synchrotron, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - François Bertran
- SOLEIL Synchrotron, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Yoshiyuki Yoshida
- Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Eisaki
- Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Andrés F Santander-Syro
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Taichi Okuda
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
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4
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Local inversion-symmetry breaking in a bismuthate high-T c superconductor. Nat Commun 2023; 14:845. [PMID: 36792582 PMCID: PMC9931700 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36348-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The doped perovskite BaBiO3 exhibits a maximum superconducting transition temperature (Tc) of 34 K and was the first high-Tc oxide to be discovered, yet pivotal questions regarding the nature of both the metallic and superconducting states remain unresolved. Although it is generally thought that superconductivity in the bismuthates is of the conventional s-wave type, the pairing mechanism is still debated, with strong electron-phonon coupling and bismuth valence or bond disproportionation possibly playing a role. Here we use diffuse x-ray scattering and Monte Carlo modeling to study the local structure of Ba1-xKxBiO3 across its insulator-metal boundary. We find no evidence for either long- or short-range disproportionation, which resolves a major conundrum, as disproportionation and the related polaronic effects are likely not relevant for the metallic and superconducting states. Instead, we uncover nanoscale structural correlations that break inversion symmetry, with far-reaching implications for the electronic physics. This unexpected finding furthermore establishes that the bismuthates belong to the broader classes of materials with hidden spin-orbit coupling and a tendency towards inversion-breaking displacements.
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5
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Chen W, Gu M, Li J, Wang P, Liu Q. Role of Hidden Spin Polarization in Nonreciprocal Transport of Antiferromagnets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:276601. [PMID: 36638296 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.276601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of hidden spin polarization (HSP) in centrosymmetric nonmagnetic crystals, i.e., spatially distributed spin polarization originated from local symmetry breaking, has promised an expanded material pool for future spintronics. However, the measurements of such exotic effects have been limited to subtle space- and momentum-resolved techniques, unfortunately, hindering their applications. Here, we theoretically predict macroscopic non-reciprocal transports induced by HSP when coupling another spatially distributed quantity, such as staggered local moments in a space-time PT-symmetric antiferromagnet. By using a four-band model Hamiltonian, we demonstrate that HSP plays a crucial role in determining the asymmetric bands with respect to opposite momenta. Such band asymmetry leads to non-reciprocal nonlinear conductivity, exemplified by tetragonal CuMnAs via first-principles calculations. We further provide the material design principles for large nonlinear conductivity, including two-dimensional nature, multiple band crossings near the Fermi level, and symmetry protected HSP. Our Letter not only reveals direct spintronic applications of HSP (such as Néel order detection), but also sheds light on finding observables of other hidden effects, such as hidden optical polarization and hidden Berry curvature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Chen
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mingqiang Gu
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Panshuo Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qihang Liu
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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6
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Wang DY, Jiang Q, Kuroda K, Kawaguchi K, Harasawa A, Yaji K, Ernst A, Qian HJ, Liu WJ, Zha HM, Jiang ZC, Ma N, Mei HP, Li A, Kondo T, Qiao S, Ye M. Coexistence of Strong and Weak Topological Orders in a Quasi-One-Dimensional Material. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:146401. [PMID: 36240409 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.146401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Topological materials have broad application prospects in quantum computing and spintronic devices. Among them, dual topological materials with low dimensionality provide an excellent platform for manipulating various topological states and generating highly conductive spin currents. However, direct observation of their topological surface states still lacks. Here, we reveal the coexistence of the strong and weak topological phases in a quasi-one-dimensional material, TaNiTe_{5}, by spin- and angle- resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The surface states protected by weak topological order forms Dirac-node arcs in the vicinity of the Fermi energy, providing the opportunity to develop spintronics devices with high carrier density that is tunable by bias voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Kenta Kuroda
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Kaishu Kawaguchi
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Ayumi Harasawa
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Koichiro Yaji
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science, Ibaraki 305-0003, Japan
| | - Arthur Ernst
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Johannes Keppler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Hao-Ji Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - He-Ming Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ni Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ping Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Takeshi Kondo
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
- Trans-scale Quantum Science Institute, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Mao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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7
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Fledgling Quantum Spin Hall Effect in Pseudo Gap Phase of Bi2212. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14081746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the emergence of the quantum spin Hall (QSH) states for the pseudo-gap (PG) phase of Bi2212 bilayer system, assumed to be D-density wave (DDW) ordered, starting with a strong Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC) armed, and the time reversal symmetry (TRS) complaint Bloch Hamiltonian. The presence of strong SOC gives rise to non-trivial, spin-momentum locked spin texture tunable by electric field. The emergence of quantum anomalous Hall effect with TRS broken Chiral DDW Hamiltonian of Das Sarma et al. is found to be possible.
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8
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Hayami S. Square skyrmion crystal in centrosymmetric systems with locally inversion-asymmetric layers. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:365802. [PMID: 35738246 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac7bcb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We investigate an instability toward a square-lattice formation of magnetic skyrmions in centrosymmetric layered systems. By focusing on a bilayer square-lattice structure with the inversion center at the interlayer bond instead of the atomic site, we numerically examine the stability of the square skyrmion crystal (SkX) based on an effective spin model with the momentum-resolved interaction in the ground state through the simulated annealing. As a result, we find that a layer-dependent staggered Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction built in the lattice structure becomes the origin of the square SkX in an external magnetic field irrespective of the sign of the interlayer exchange interaction. The obtained square SkX is constituted of the SkXs with different helicities in each layer due to the staggered DM interaction. Furthermore, we show that the interplay between the staggered DM interaction and the interlayer exchange interaction gives rise to a double-Qstate with a uniform component of the scalar chirality in the low-field region. The present results provide another way of stabilizing the square SkX in centrosymmetric magnets, which will be useful to explore further exotic topological spin textures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Hayami
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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9
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Zhang J, Yang Z, Liu S, Xia W, Zhu T, Chen C, Wang C, Wang M, Mo SK, Yang L, Kou X, Guo Y, Zhang H, Liu Z, Chen Y. Direct Visualization and Manipulation of Tunable Quantum Well State in Semiconducting Nb 2SiTe 4. ACS NANO 2021; 15:15850-15857. [PMID: 34644492 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Quantum well states (QWSs) can form at the surface or interfaces of materials with confinement potential. They have broad applications in electronic and optical devices such as high mobility electron transistor, photodetector, and quantum well laser. The properties of the QWSs are usually the key factors for the performance of the devices. However, direct visualization and manipulation of such states are, in general, challenging. In this work, by using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS), we directly probe the QWSs generated on the vacuum interface of a narrow band gap semiconductor Nb2SiTe4. Interestingly, the position and splitting of QWSs could be easily manipulated via potassium (K) dosage onto the sample surface. Our results suggest Nb2SiTe4 to be an intriguing semiconductor system to study and engineer the QWSs, which has great potential in device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhilong Yang
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Wei Xia
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tongshuai Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Chengwei Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Meixiao Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Sung-Kwan Mo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Lexian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xufeng Kou
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, Shanghai 201210, China
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yanfeng Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhongkai Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yulin Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, U.K
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10
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Zhang K, Zhao S, Hao Z, Kumar S, Schwier EF, Zhang Y, Sun H, Wang Y, Hao Y, Ma X, Liu C, Wang L, Wang X, Miyamoto K, Okuda T, Liu C, Mei J, Shimada K, Chen C, Liu Q. Observation of Spin-Momentum-Layer Locking in a Centrosymmetric Crystal. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:126402. [PMID: 34597091 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.126402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The spin polarization in nonmagnetic materials is conventionally attributed to the outcome of spin-orbit coupling when the global inversion symmetry is broken. The recently discovered hidden spin polarization indicates that a specific atomic site asymmetry could also induce measurable spin polarization, leading to a paradigm shift in research on centrosymmetric crystals for potential spintronic applications. Here, combining spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, we report distinct spin-momentum-layer locking phenomena in a centrosymmetric, layered material, BiOI. The measured spin is highly polarized along the Brillouin zone boundary, while the same effect almost vanishes around the zone center due to its nonsymmorphic crystal structure. Our work demonstrates the existence of momentum-dependent hidden spin polarization and uncovers the microscopic mechanism of spin, momentum, and layer locking to each other, thus shedding light on the design metrics for future spintronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Department of Physical Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Shixuan Zhao
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhanyang Hao
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Eike F Schwier
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
- Experimentelle Physik VII, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Germany
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hongyi Sun
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yujie Hao
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaoming Ma
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Cai Liu
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Le Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Koji Miyamoto
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Taichi Okuda
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Chang Liu
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiawei Mei
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kenya Shimada
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Chaoyu Chen
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qihang Liu
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Computational Science and Material Design, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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11
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Khim S, Landaeta JF, Banda J, Bannor N, Brando M, Brydon PMR, Hafner D, Küchler R, Cardoso-Gil R, Stockert U, Mackenzie AP, Agterberg DF, Geibel C, Hassinger E. Field-induced transition within the superconducting state of CeRh 2As 2. Science 2021; 373:1012-1016. [PMID: 34446602 DOI: 10.1126/science.abe7518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Materials with multiple superconducting phases are rare. Here, we report the discovery of two-phase unconventional superconductivity in CeRh2As2 Using thermodynamic probes, we establish that the superconducting critical field of its high-field phase is as high as 14 tesla, even though the transition temperature is only 0.26 kelvin. Furthermore, a transition between two different superconducting phases is observed in a c axis magnetic field. Local inversion-symmetry breaking at the cerium sites enables Rashba spin-orbit coupling alternating between the cerium sublayers. The staggered Rashba coupling introduces a layer degree of freedom to which the field-induced transition and high critical field seen in experiment are likely related.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Khim
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA. .,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - J F Landaeta
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - J Banda
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - N Bannor
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Brando
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - P M R Brydon
- Department of Physics and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.,Department of Physics and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - D Hafner
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - R Küchler
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - R Cardoso-Gil
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.,Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - U Stockert
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - A P Mackenzie
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.,Department of Physics and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany.,Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - D F Agterberg
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany.,Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - C Geibel
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - E Hassinger
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany. .,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany.,Physik Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
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12
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Incoherent transport across the strange-metal regime of overdoped cuprates. Nature 2021; 595:661-666. [PMID: 34321672 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03622-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Strange metals possess highly unconventional electrical properties, such as a linear-in-temperature resistivity1-6, an inverse Hall angle that varies as temperature squared7-9 and a linear-in-field magnetoresistance10-13. Identifying the origin of these collective anomalies has proved fundamentally challenging, even in materials such as the hole-doped cuprates that possess a simple bandstructure. The prevailing consensus is that strange metallicity in the cuprates is tied to a quantum critical point at a doping p* inside the superconducting dome14,15. Here we study the high-field in-plane magnetoresistance of two superconducting cuprate families at doping levels beyond p*. At all dopings, the magnetoresistance exhibits quadrature scaling and becomes linear at high values of the ratio of the field and the temperature, indicating that the strange-metal regime extends well beyond p*. Moreover, the magnitude of the magnetoresistance is found to be much larger than predicted by conventional theory and is insensitive to both impurity scattering and magnetic field orientation. These observations, coupled with analysis of the zero-field and Hall resistivities, suggest that despite having a single band, the cuprate strange-metal region hosts two charge sectors, one containing coherent quasiparticles, the other scale-invariant 'Planckian' dissipators.
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13
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Abstract
We formulate and experimentally validate a set of spin–momentum equations which are analogous to the Maxwell’s equations and govern spin–orbit coupling in electromagnetic guided waves. The Maxwell-like spin–momentum equations reveal the spin–momentum locking, the chiral spin texture of the field, Berry phase, and the spin–orbit interaction in the optical near field. The observed spin–momentum behavior can be extended to other classical waves, such as acoustic, fluid, gas, and gravitational waves. Spin–momentum locking, a manifestation of topological properties that governs the behavior of surface states, was studied intensively in condensed-matter physics and optics, resulting in the discovery of topological insulators and related effects and their photonic counterparts. In addition to spin, optical waves may have complex structure of vector fields associated with orbital angular momentum or nonuniform intensity variations. Here, we derive a set of spin–momentum equations which describes the relationship between the spin and orbital properties of arbitrary complex electromagnetic guided modes. The predicted photonic spin dynamics is experimentally verified with four kinds of nondiffracting surface structured waves. In contrast to the one-dimensional uniform spin of a guided plane wave, a two-dimensional chiral spin swirl is observed for structured guided modes. The proposed framework opens up opportunities for designing the spin structure and topological properties of electromagnetic waves with practical importance in spin optics, topological photonics, metrology and quantum technologies and may be used to extend the spin-dynamics concepts to fluid, acoustic, and gravitational waves.
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14
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You E, Ko P, Jeong J, Keum S, Kim JW, Seo YJ, Song WK, Rhee S. Dynein-mediated nuclear translocation of yes-associated protein through microtubule acetylation controls fibroblast activation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4143-4161. [PMID: 31912196 PMCID: PMC11105004 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03412-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myofibroblasts are the major cell type that is responsible for increase in the mechanical stiffness in fibrotic tissues. It has well documented that the TGF-β/Smad axis is required for myofibroblast differentiation under the rigid substrate condition. However, the mechanism driving myofibroblast differentiation in soft substrates remains unknown. In this research, we demonstrated that interaction of yes-associated protein (YAP) and acetylated microtubule via dynein, a microtubule motor protein drives nuclear localization of YAP in the soft matrix, which in turn increased TGF-β1-induced transcriptional activity of Smad for myofibroblast differentiation. Pharmacological and genetical disruption of dynein impaired the nuclear translocation of YAP and decreased the TGF-β1-induced Smad activity even though phosphorylation and nuclear localization of Smad occurred normally in α-tubulin acetyltransferase 1 (α-TAT1) knockout cell. Moreover, microtubule acetylation prominently appeared in the fibroblast-like cells nearby the blood vessel in the fibrotic liver induced by CCl4 administration, which was conversely decreased by TGF-β receptor inhibitor. As a result, quantitative inhibition of microtubule acetylation may be suggested as a new target for overcoming fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunae You
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Panseon Ko
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangho Jeong
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Seula Keum
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Seo
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Keun Song
- Bio Imaging and Cell Logistics Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sangmyung Rhee
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Torshin IY, Rudakov KV. Topological Data Analysis in Materials Science: The Case of High-Temperature Cuprate Superconductors. PATTERN RECOGNITION AND IMAGE ANALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1054661820020157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Liu K, Luo W, Ji J, Barone P, Picozzi S, Xiang H. Band splitting with vanishing spin polarizations in noncentrosymmetric crystals. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5144. [PMID: 31723139 PMCID: PMC6854082 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13197-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The Dresselhaus and Rashba effects are well-known phenomena in solid-state physics, in which spin–orbit coupling splits spin-up and spin-down energy bands of nonmagnetic non-centrosymmetric crystals. Here, we discuss a phenomenon we dub band splitting with vanishing spin polarizations (BSVSP), in which, as usual, spin-orbit coupling splits the energy bands in nonmagnetic non-centrosymmetric systems. Surprisingly, however, both split bands show no net spin polarization along certain high-symmetry lines in the Brillouin zone. In order to rationalize this phenomenon, we propose a classification of point groups into pseudo-polar and non-pseudo-polar groups. By means of first-principles simulations, we demonstrate that BSVSP can take place in both symmorphic (e.g., bulk GaAs) and non-symmorphic systems (e.g., two dimensional ferroelectric SnTe). Furthermore, we identify a linear magnetoelectric coupling in reciprocal space, which could be employed to tune the spin polarization with an external electric field. The BSVSP effect and its manipulation could therefore form the basis for future spintronic devices. Spin-orbit couplings enable the electrical manipulation of spin degrees of freedom and so have a central role in spintronic devices. Here, the authors identify an unconventional spin-orbit effect in high-symmetry situations that leads to a linear magnetoelectric coupling in reciprocal space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Junyi Ji
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Paolo Barone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR-SPIN Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Silvia Picozzi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR-SPIN Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Hongjun Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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