1
|
Emotional contagion in online groups as a function of valence and status. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
2
|
Chapman RM, Gardner MN, Lyons M. Gender Differences in Emotional Connotative Meaning of Words Measured by Osgood's Semantic Differential Techniques in Young Adults. HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 9:119. [PMID: 36118842 PMCID: PMC9479698 DOI: 10.1057/s41599-022-01126-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Semantic differential techniques are a useful, well-validated tool to assess affective processing of stimuli and determine how that processing is impacted by various demographic factors, such as gender. In this paper, we explore differences in connotative word processing between men and women as measured by Osgood's semantic differential and what those differences imply about affective processing in the two genders. We recruited 94 young participants (47 men, 47 women, ages 18-39) using an online survey and collected their affective ratings of 120 words on three rating tasks: Evaluation (E), Potency (P), and Activity (A). With these data, we explored the theoretical and mathematical overlap between Osgood's affective meaning factor structure and other models of emotional processing commonly used in gender analyses. We then used Osgood's three-dimensional structure to assess gender-related differences in three affective classes of words (words with connotation that is Positive, Neutral, or Negative for each task) and found that there was no significant difference between the genders when rating Positive words and Neutral words on each of the three rating tasks. However, young women consistently rated Negative words more negatively than young men did on all three of the independent dimensions. This confirms the importance of taking gender effects into account when measuring emotional processing. Our results further indicate there may be differences between Osgood's structure and other models of affective processing that should be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert M. Chapman
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and Center for Visual Science at the University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Margaret N. Gardner
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and Center for Visual Science at the University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Megan Lyons
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and Center for Visual Science at the University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
She Z, Xie M, Hun M, Abdirahman AS, Li C, Wu F, Luo S, Wan W, Wen C, Tian J. Immunoregulatory Effects of Mitochondria Transferred by Extracellular Vesicles. Front Immunol 2021; 11:628576. [PMID: 33633746 PMCID: PMC7900141 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.628576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria participate in immune regulation through various mechanisms, such as changes in the mitochondrial dynamics, as metabolic mediators of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, by the production of reactive oxygen species, and mitochondrial DNA damage, among others. In recent years, studies have shown that extracellular vesicles are widely involved in intercellular communication and exert important effects on immune regulation. Recently, the immunoregulatory effects of mitochondria from extracellular vesicles have gained increasing attention. In this article, we review the mechanisms by which mitochondria participate in immune regulation and exert immunoregulatory effects upon delivery by extracellular vesicles. We also focus on the influence of the immunoregulatory effects of mitochondria from extracellular vesicles to further shed light on the underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou She
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Marady Hun
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Amin Sheikh Abdirahman
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cuifang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feifeng Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Senlin Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wuqing Wan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chuan Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jidong Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|