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Hsu CC, Takahashi H, Jerzembeck F, Dasini J, Carroll C, Dusad R, Ward J, Dawson C, Sharma S, Luke GM, Blundell SJ, Castelnovo C, Hallén JN, Moessner R, Davis JCS. Dichotomous dynamics of magnetic monopole fluids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2320384121. [PMID: 38743620 PMCID: PMC11127013 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2320384121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
A recent advance in the study of emergent magnetic monopoles was the discovery that monopole motion is restricted to dynamical fractal trajectories [J. N. Hallén et al., Science 378, 1218 (2022)], thus explaining the characteristics of magnetic monopole noise spectra [R. Dusad et al., Nature 571, 234 (2019); A. M. Samarakoon et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 119, e2117453119 (2022)]. Here, we apply this novel theory to explore the dynamics of field-driven monopole currents, finding them composed of two quite distinct transport processes: initially swift fractal rearrangements of local monopole configurations followed by conventional monopole diffusion. This theory also predicts a characteristic frequency dependence of the dissipative loss angle for AC field-driven currents. To explore these novel perspectives on monopole transport, we introduce simultaneous monopole current control and measurement techniques using SQUID-based monopole current sensors. For the canonical material Dy2Ti2O7, we measure [Formula: see text], the time dependence of magnetic flux threading the sample when a net monopole current [Formula: see text] is generated by applying an external magnetic field [Formula: see text] These experiments find a sharp dichotomy of monopole currents, separated by their distinct relaxation time constants before and after t ~[Formula: see text] from monopole current initiation. Application of sinusoidal magnetic fields [Formula: see text] generates oscillating monopole currents whose loss angle [Formula: see text] exhibits a characteristic transition at frequency [Formula: see text] over the same temperature range. Finally, the magnetic noise power is also dichotomic, diminishing sharply after t ~[Formula: see text]. This complex phenomenology represents an unprecedented form of dynamical heterogeneity generated by the interplay of fractionalization and local spin configurational symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chih Hsu
- Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford University, OxfordOX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Hiroto Takahashi
- Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford University, OxfordOX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Fabian Jerzembeck
- Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford University, OxfordOX1 3PU, United Kingdom
- Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, DresdenD-01187, Germany
| | - Jahnatta Dasini
- Department of Physics, University College Cork, CorkT12 R5C, Ireland
| | - Chaia Carroll
- Department of Physics, University College Cork, CorkT12 R5C, Ireland
| | - Ritika Dusad
- Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford University, OxfordOX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Ward
- Department of Physics, University College Cork, CorkT12 R5C, Ireland
| | - Catherine Dawson
- Department of Physics, University College Cork, CorkT12 R5C, Ireland
| | - Sudarshan Sharma
- Department of Physics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONL8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Graeme M. Luke
- Department of Physics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONL8S 4L8, Canada
| | | | - Claudio Castelnovo
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan N. Hallén
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden01187, Germany
| | - Roderich Moessner
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden01187, Germany
| | - J. C. Séamus Davis
- Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford University, OxfordOX1 3PU, United Kingdom
- Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, DresdenD-01187, Germany
- Department of Physics, University College Cork, CorkT12 R5C, Ireland
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853
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Zhang T, Cai Z. Quantum Slush State in Rydberg Atom Arrays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:206503. [PMID: 38829080 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.206503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
In this Letter, we propose an exotic quantum state that does not order at zero temperature in a Rydberg atom array with antiblockade mechanism. By performing an unbiased large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulation, we investigate a minimal model with facilitated excitation in a disorder-free system. At zero temperature, this model exhibits a heterogeneous structure of liquid and glass mixture. This state, dubbed quantum slush state, features a quasi-long-range order with an algebraic decay for its correlation function, and is different from most well-established quantum phases of matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengzhou Zhang
- Wilczek Quantum Center and Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control, Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zi Cai
- Wilczek Quantum Center and Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control, Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Hua C, Tennant DA, Savici AT, Sedov V, Sala G, Winn B. Implementation of a laser-neutron pump-probe capability for inelastic neutron scattering. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2024; 95:033902. [PMID: 38445995 DOI: 10.1063/5.0181310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Knowledge about nonequilibrium dynamics in spin systems is of great importance to both fundamental science and technological applications. Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) is an indispensable tool to study spin excitations in complex magnetic materials. However, conventional INS spectrometers currently only perform steady-state measurements and probe averaged properties over many collision events between spin excitations in thermodynamic equilibrium, while the exact picture of re-equilibration of these excitations remains unknown. In this paper, we report on the design and implementation of a time-resolved laser-neutron pump-probe capability at hybrid spectrometer (beamline 14-B) at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This capability allows us to excite out-of-equilibrium magnons with a nanosecond pulsed laser source and probe the resulting dynamics using INS. Here, we discussed technical aspects to implement such a capability in a neutron beamline, including choices of suitable neutron instrumentation and material systems, laser excitation scheme, experimental configurations, and relevant firmware and software development to allow for time-synchronized pump-probe measurements. We demonstrated that the laser-induced nonequilibrium structure factor is able to be resolved by INS in a quantum magnet. The method developed in this work will provide SNS with advanced capabilities for performing out-of-equilibrium measurements, opening up an entirely new research direction to study out-of-equilibrium phenomena using neutrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hua
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D A Tennant
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Shull Wollan Center-A joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - A T Savici
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - V Sedov
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - G Sala
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - B Winn
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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Goryca M, Zhang X, Ramberger J, Watts JD, Nisoli C, Leighton C, Schiffer P, Crooker SA. Deconstructing magnetization noise: Degeneracies, phases, and mobile fractionalized excitations in tetris artificial spin ice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2310777120. [PMID: 37851675 PMCID: PMC10614600 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310777120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct detection of spontaneous spin fluctuations, or "magnetization noise," is emerging as a powerful means of revealing and studying magnetic excitations in both natural and artificial frustrated magnets. Depending on the lattice and nature of the frustration, these excitations can often be described as fractionalized quasiparticles possessing an effective magnetic charge. Here, by combining ultrasensitive optical detection of thermodynamic magnetization noise with Monte Carlo simulations, we reveal emergent regimes of magnetic excitations in artificial "tetris ice." A marked increase of the intrinsic noise at certain applied magnetic fields heralds the spontaneous proliferation of fractionalized excitations, which can diffuse independently, without cost in energy, along specific quasi-1D spin chains in the tetris ice lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Goryca
- National High Magnetic Field Lab, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM87545
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw02-093, Poland
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT06520
| | - Justin Ramberger
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | - Justin D. Watts
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | - Cristiano Nisoli
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM87545
| | - Chris Leighton
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | - Peter Schiffer
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT06520
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT06520
| | - Scott A. Crooker
- National High Magnetic Field Lab, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM87545
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Yadav PK, Upadhyay R, Kumar R, Nukala P, Upadhyay C. Emergence of field-induced memory effect in spin ices. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:495601. [PMID: 37586379 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acf106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Out-of-equilibrium investigation of strongly correlated materials deciphers the hidden equilibrium properties. Herein, we have investigated the out-of-equilibrium magnetic properties of polycrystalline Dy2Ti2O7and Ho2Ti2O7spin ices. Our experimental findings reveal the emergence of magnetic field-induced anomalous hysteresis observed solely in temperature-and magnetic field-dependent AC susceptibility measurements. The observed memory effect (anomalous thermomagnetic hysteresis) exhibits a strong dependence on both thermal and non-thermal driving variables. Owing to the non-collinear spin structure, the applied DC bias magnetic field produces quenched disorder sites in the cooperative Ising spin matrix and suppresses the spin-phonon coupling. These quench disorders create a dynamic spin correlation, having slow spin relaxation and quick decay time, which additionally contribute to AC susceptibility. The initial conditions and measurement protocol decide the magnitude and sign of this dynamical term contributing to AC susceptibility. It is being suggested that such out-of-equilibrium properties arise from the combined influences of geometric frustration, disorder, and the cooperative nature of spin dynamics exhibited by these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod K Yadav
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Rajnikant Upadhyay
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- School of Advanced Materials and Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Pavan Nukala
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Chandan Upadhyay
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
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Flicker F. Understanding the call of the monopole. Science 2022; 378:1177. [PMID: 36520900 DOI: 10.1126/science.ade2301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mysterious magnetic noise of elusive particles is finally understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Flicker
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK
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