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Chen D, Wu Z, Dong H, Meng Y, Yu J. Platform development and gliding optimization of a robotic flying fish with morphing pectoral fins. BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS 2023; 18. [PMID: 37075757 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/acce86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The aquatic-aerial robot with the free interface crossing can enhance adaptability in complex aquatic environments. However, its design is extremely challenging for the striking discrepancies in propulsion principles. The flying fish in nature exhibits remarkable multi-modal cross-domain locomotion capability, such as high-maneuvers swimming, agile water-air crossing, and long-distance gliding, providing extensive inspiration. In this paper, we present a unique aquatic-aerial robotic flying fish with powerful propulsion and a pair of morphing wing-like pectoral fins to realize cross-domain motion. Furthermore, to explore the gliding mechanism of flying fish, a dynamic model with a morphing structure of pectoral fins is established, and a double deep Q-network-based control strategy is proposed to optimize the gliding distance. Finally, experiments were conducted to analyze the locomotion of the robotic flying fish. The results suggest that the robotic flying fish can successfully perform the 'fish leaping and wing spreading' cross-domain locomotion with an exiting speed of 1.55 m s-1(5.9 body lengths per second, BL/s) and a crossing time of 0.233 s indicating its great potential in cross-domain. Simulation results have validated the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy and indicated that the dynamical adjustment of morphing pectoral fins contributes to improving the gliding distance. The maximum gliding distance has increased by 7.2%. This study will offer some significant insights into the system design and performance optimization of aquatic-aerial robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijie Dong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Junzhi Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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Ruiz F, Arrue BC, Ollero A. Aeroelastics-aware compensation system for soft aerial vehicle stabilization. Front Robot AI 2022; 9:1005620. [DOI: 10.3389/frobt.2022.1005620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes a compensation system for soft aerial vehicle stabilization. Balancing the arms is one of the main challenges of soft UAVs since the propeller is freely tilting together with the flexible arm. In comparison with previous designs, in which the autopilot was adjusted to deal with these imbalances with no extra actuation, this work introduces a soft tendon-actuated system to achieve in-flight stabilization in an energy-efficient way. The controller is specifically designed for disturbance rejection of aeroelastic perturbations using the Ziegler-Nichols method, depending on the flight mode and material properties. This aerodynamics-aware compensation system allows to further bridge the gap between soft and aerial robotics, leading to an increase in the flexibility of the UAV, and the ability to deal with changes in material properties, increasing the useful life of the drone. In energetic terms, the novel system is 15–30% more efficient, and is the basis for future applications such as object grasping.
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Zhu Q, Xiao Q. Physics and applications of squid-inspired jetting. BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS 2022; 17:041001. [PMID: 35512671 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/ac6d37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the aquatic world jet propulsion is a highly successful locomotion method utilized by a variety of species. Among them cephalopods such as squids excel in their ability for high-speed swimming. This mechanism inspires the development of underwater locomotion techniques which are particularly useful in soft-bodied robots. In this overview we summarize existing studies on this topic, ranging from investigations on the underlying physics to the creation of mechanical systems utilizing this locomotion mode. Research directions that worth future investigation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhu
- Department of Structural Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America
| | - Qing Xiao
- Department of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Marine Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0LZ, United Kingdom
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Li L, Wang S, Zhang Y, Song S, Wang C, Tan S, Zhao W, Wang G, Sun W, Yang F, Liu J, Chen B, Xu H, Nguyen P, Kovac M, Wen L. Aerial-aquatic robots capable of crossing the air-water boundary and hitchhiking on surfaces. Sci Robot 2022; 7:eabm6695. [PMID: 35584203 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.abm6695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Many real-world applications for robots-such as long-term aerial and underwater observation, cross-medium operations, and marine life surveys-require robots with the ability to move between the air-water boundary. Here, we describe an aerial-aquatic hitchhiking robot that is self-contained for flying, swimming, and attaching to surfaces in both air and water and that can seamlessly move between the two. We describe this robot's redundant, hydrostatically enhanced hitchhiking device, inspired by the morphology of a remora (Echeneis naucrates) disc, which works in both air and water. As with the biological remora disc, this device has separate lamellar compartments for redundant sealing, which enables the robot to achieve adhesion and hitchhike with only partial disc attachment. The self-contained, rotor-based aerial-aquatic robot, which has passively morphing propellers that unfold in the air and fold underwater, can cross the air-water boundary in 0.35 second. The robot can perform rapid attachment and detachment on challenging surfaces both in air and under water, including curved, rough, incomplete, and biofouling surfaces, and achieve long-duration adhesion with minimal oscillation. We also show that the robot can attach to and hitchhike on moving surfaces. In field tests, we show that the robot can record video in both media and move objects across the air/water boundary in a mountain stream and the ocean. We envision that this study can pave the way for future robots with autonomous biological detection, monitoring, and tracking capabilities in a wide variety of aerial-aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyuan Zhang
- School of General Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Shanyuan Song
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuqian Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaochang Tan
- School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenguang Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Fuqiang Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Bohan Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Haoyuan Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Mirko Kovac
- Imperial College London, London, UK.,Materials and Technology Centre of Robotics, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Li Wen
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
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Performance Improvement of a High-Speed Swimming Robot for Fish-Like Leaping. IEEE Robot Autom Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1109/lra.2022.3142409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Wei Z, Teng Y, Meng X, Yao B, Lian L. Lifting‐principle‐based design and implementation of fixed‐wing unmanned aerial–underwater vehicle. J FIELD ROBOT 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/rob.22071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyu Wei
- School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Yuehui Teng
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Underwater Acoustic Antagonizing Shanghai China
| | | | - Baoheng Yao
- School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Lian Lian
- School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
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Tethered UAV with Combined Multi-rotor and Water Jet Propulsion for Forest Fire Fighting. J INTELL ROBOT SYST 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10846-021-01532-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Configuration Design and Trans-Media Control Status of the Hybrid Aerial Underwater Vehicles. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12020765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid aerial underwater vehicles (HAUV) are newly borne vehicle concepts, which could fly in the air, navigate underwater, and cross the air-water surface repeatedly. Although there are many problems to be solved, the advanced concept, which combines the integrated multidomain locomotion of both water and air mediums is worth exploring. This paper presents the water–air trans-media status of the HAUV from the perspective of the configuration and trans-media control. It shows that the multi-rotor HAUV is relatively mature and has achieved a stable water–air trans-media process repeatedly. The morphing HAUV is still in its exploration stage, and has achieved partial success.
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Abstract
Building Smart City management concepts is based on the implementation and use of advanced technologies. The primary impulse for writing the article was the ambition to identify the current advanced technologies of Smart City management. The aim of the article is to propose a general model for the implementation of advanced technologies for Smart City management, based on the knowledge gained from the analysis of literature and case studies. In order to fulfill the set goal, it is necessary to obtain answers to two research questions. The findings were obtained through a secondary analysis of the literature, i.e., relevant articles from the scientific databases Web of Science and Scopus analysis of case studies of the best Smart Cities practices. According to the Smart City Index 2020 and IESE Cities in Motion, the leaders among the Smart Cities are Singapore and London, followed by Helsinki. In addition to the analyses, the article also uses methods of summarization, comparison, creativity, logic, induction and deduction. Smart Cities use 12 identified advanced technologies in their practice. Strategic management in Singapore, London and Helsinki adapts technology to the needs and requirements of its citizens, thus connecting the technological aspect with the managerial and social aspects. The contributions of the work include results for fellow researchers and a model for strategic management of new Smart Cities. The results of the article provide fellow researchers with the findings of a secondary analysis of relevant articles, from which they can draw when writing their own publications without the need for time-consuming search of the articles about this topic in databases. The general model of implementation of advanced technologies serves as a basis for strategic management of new Smart Cities that want to implement a technological base and at the same time do not want to forget the managerial and social aspects. Testing the model in practice with a new Slovak Smart City is part of future research activities.
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Mo J, Yan Z, Li B, Xi F, Li Y. Study of Obstacle-Crossing and Pitch Control Characteristic of a Novel Jumping Robot. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21072432. [PMID: 33916083 PMCID: PMC8037127 DOI: 10.3390/s21072432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrated a novel jumping robot that has the ability of accurate obstacle-crossing jumping and aerial pitch control. The novel robot can quickly leap high into the air with a powerful water jet thruster. The robot was designed to overcome multiple general obstacles via accurate jumping. Then a modified whale optimization algorithm (MWOA) was proposed to determine an optimized jumping trajectory according to the form of obstacles. By comparing with classical intelligent optimization algorithms, the MWOA revealed superiority in convergence rate and precision. Besides, the dynamics model of aerial pitch control was built and its effect was verified by the pitch control experiment. Lastly, the robot's obstacle-crossing experiments were performed and the results validated the robot's good ability of obstacle-crossing and aerial body righting. We believe the optimization of trajectory and the pitch control are of great help for the jumping robot's complex jumping and obstacle-crossing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixue Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (J.M.); (B.L.)
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518052, China; (Z.Y.); (F.X.)
| | - Ze Yan
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518052, China; (Z.Y.); (F.X.)
| | - Bing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (J.M.); (B.L.)
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518052, China; (Z.Y.); (F.X.)
| | - Fengfeng Xi
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518052, China; (Z.Y.); (F.X.)
| | - Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (J.M.); (B.L.)
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518052, China; (Z.Y.); (F.X.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-755-26033485
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Kang B, Lee Y, Piao T, Ding Z, Wang WD. Robotic soft swim bladder using liquid-vapor phase transition. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:939-947. [PMID: 34821324 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01788d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The swim bladder is crucial to underwater robots to enhance their overall performance and to expand their range of motion. However, previous attempts to incorporate this function have failed or have adopted mechanical swim bladders with high-disturbances. This study presents an entirely soft swim bladder capable of controlling buoyancy selectively and noiselessly, making it applicable to sensitive underwater environments. The soft swim bladder, which consists of an elastic cover layer, flexible heating elements, and three expandable pouches filled with low boiling point fluid, can express four modes of motion by varying buoyancy: sinking, suspending, rising, and fast-rising. The varying buoyancy is achieved through liquid-vapor phase transition of the fluid in the selected pouches when Joule heated above its boiling temperature. Moreover, the swim bladder is integrated with a shape memory alloy-based fishtail to form a soft fish robot. The synergy between the bladder and the tail allows the robot to explore a total of ten disparate modes of maneuvers, and their dynamic performance has been evaluated. The results of this study present the potential for the soft swim bladder to be utilized in any underwater robotic applications to enhance their swimming performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beomchan Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea.
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12
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Jumping Locomotion Strategies: From Animals to Bioinspired Robots. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10238607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Jumping is a locomotion strategy widely evolved in both invertebrates and vertebrates. In addition to terrestrial animals, several aquatic animals are also able to jump in their specific environments. In this paper, the state of the art of jumping robots has been systematically analyzed, based on their biological model, including invertebrates (e.g., jumping spiders, locusts, fleas, crickets, cockroaches, froghoppers and leafhoppers), vertebrates (e.g., frogs, galagoes, kangaroos, humans, dogs), as well as aquatic animals (e.g., both invertebrates and vertebrates, such as crabs, water-striders, and dolphins). The strategies adopted by animals and robots to control the jump (e.g., take-off angle, take-off direction, take-off velocity and take-off stability), aerial righting, land buffering, and resetting are concluded and compared. Based on this, the developmental trends of bioinspired jumping robots are predicted.
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Debruyn D, Zufferey R, Armanini SF, Winston C, Farinha A, Jin Y, Kovac M. MEDUSA: A Multi-Environment Dual-Robot for Underwater Sample Acquisition. IEEE Robot Autom Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1109/lra.2020.3001534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Baek SM, Yim S, Chae SH, Lee DY, Cho KJ. Ladybird beetle–inspired compliant origami. Sci Robot 2020; 5:5/41/eaaz6262. [DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.aaz6262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Origami can enable structures that are compact and lightweight. The facets of an origami structure in traditional designs, however, are essentially nondeformable rigid plates. Therefore, implementing energy storage and robust self-locking in these structures can be challenging. We note that the intricately folded wings of a ladybird beetle can be deployed rapidly and effectively sustain aerodynamic forces during flight; these abilities originate from the geometry and deformation of a specialized vein in the wing of this insect. We report compliant origami inspired by the wing vein in ladybird beetles. The deformation and geometry of the compliant facet enables both large energy storage and self-locking in a single origami joint. On the basis of our compliant origami, we developed a deployable glider module for a multimodal robot. The glider module is compactly foldable, is rapidly deployable, and can effectively sustain aerodynamic forces. We also apply our compliant origami to enhance the energy storage capacity of the jumping mechanism in a jumping robot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Min Baek
- Soft Robotics Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojung Yim
- Soft Robotics Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hwan Chae
- Soft Robotics Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Young Lee
- Soft Robotics Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kyu-Jin Cho
- Soft Robotics Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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